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Could natural phytochemicals be used to reduce nitrogen excretion and excreta‑derived N_(2)O emissions from ruminants?

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第2期15卷 490-508页

作者： Yuchao Zhao ming Liu Linshu Jiang Leluo Guan Beijing Key Laboratory of Dairy Cow Nutrition College of Animal Science and TechnologyBeijing University of AgricultureBeijing 102206China College of Animal Science and Technology China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China Department of Agricultural Food and Nutritional ScienceUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonAB T6G 2R3Canada

Ruminants play a critical role in our food system by converting plant biomass that humans cannot or choose not to consume into edible high-quality ***,ruminant excreta is a significant source of nitrous oxide(N_(2)O),a potent greenhouse gas with a long-term global warming potential 298 times that of carbon *** phytochemicals or forages containing phytochemicals have shown the potential to improve the efficiency of nitrogen(N)utilization and decrease N_(2)O emissions from the excreta of *** inclusion of tannins can shift more of the excreted N to the feces,alter the urinary N composition and consequently reduce N_(2)O emissions from *** oils or saponins could inhibit rumen ammonia production and decrease urinary N *** grazed pastures,large amounts of glucosinolates or aucubin can be introduced into pasture soils when animals consume plants rich in these compounds and then excrete them or their metabolites in the urine or *** inhibitory compounds are excreted in the urine,they would be directly applied to the urine patch to reduce nitrification and subsequent N_(2)O *** phytochemicals’role in sustainable ruminant production is undeniable,but much uncertainty ***,transient effects,and adverse effects limit the effectiveness of these phytochemicals for reducing N *** this review,we will identify some current phytochemicals found in feed that have the potential to manipulate ruminant N excretion or mitigate N_(2)O production and deliberate the challenges and opportunities associated with using phytochemicals or forages rich in phytochemicals as dietary strategies for reducing N excretion and excreta-derived N_(2)O emissions.

关键词： Nitrogen metabolism Nitrous oxide Plant bioactive compounds Ruminant Urine patches

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A Deep Model for Partial Multi-label Image Classification with Curriculum-based Disambiguation

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Machine Intelligence Research 2024年第4期21卷 801-814页

作者： Feng Sun ming-Kun Xie Sheng-Jun Huang MIIT Key Laboratory of Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence College of Computer Science and TechnologyNanjing University of AeronauticsandAstronauticsNanjing211106China

In this paper,we study the partial multi-label(PML)image classification problem,where each image is annotated with a candidate label set consisting of multiple relevant labels and other noisy *** PML methods typically design a disambiguation strategy to filter out noisy labels by utilizing prior knowledge with extra assumptions,which unfortunately is unavailable in many real ***,because the objective function for disambiguation is usually elaborately designed on the whole training set,it can hardly be optimized in a deep model with stochastic gradient descent(SGD)on *** this paper,for the first time,we propose a deep model for PML to enhance the representation and discrimination *** the one hand,we propose a novel curriculum-based disambiguation strategy to progressively identify ground-truth labels by incorporating the varied difficulties of different *** the other hand,consistency regularization is introduced for model training to balance fitting identified easy labels and exploiting potential relevant *** experimental results on the commonly used benchmark datasets show that the proposed method significantlyoutperforms the SOTA methods.

关键词： Partial multi-label image classification curriculum-based disambiguation consistency regularization label difficulty candidatelabel set.

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Receptivity of Mack modes to localized unsteady blowing and suction in a chemical non-equilibrium hypersonic boundary layer

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2024年第7期40卷 1-18页

作者： Qingjiang Yuan Runjie Song ming Dong State Key laboratory of Nonlinear Mechanics Institute of MechanicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

This paper studies the local receptivity of the Mack-mode instability to localized unsteady blowing and suction(UBS)in a chem-ical non-equilibrium(CNE)hypersonic boundary *** five-species CNE model is employed,and the receptivity efficiency is formulated by use of the residual *** with the results for the calorically perfect gas(CPG)model,we find that the real-gas effect enhances the receptivity efficiency remarkably in the majority of the second-mode frequency band,and the enhancement is mainly attributed to the modification of the base flow due to the CNE effect,which is akin to the cold-wall effect in hypersonic boundary *** with the destabilizing role of the CNE effect on the Mack second mode,it is concluded that the CNE effect would lead to a greater linearly accumulated perturbation amplitude,implying premature of transition to turbulence in a high-enthalpy hypersonic boundary layer subject to localized perturbations.

关键词： chemical non-equilibrium flow Boundary-layer instability Hypersonic Receptivity Transition to turbulence

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Synergistic integration of self-supported 1T/2H-WS_(2) and nitrogendoped rGO on carbon cloth for pH-universal electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution

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Nano Research 2024年第3期17卷 1267-1280页

作者： Feng ming Yap Jian Yiing Loh Wee-Jun Ong School of Energy and chemical Engineering Xiamen University MalaysiaSelangor Darul Ehsan 43900Malaysia Center of Excellence for NaNo Energy&Catalysis Technology(CONNECT) Xiamen University MalaysiaSelangor Darul Ehsan 43900Malaysia State Key Laboratory of Physical chemistry of Solid Surfaces College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringXiamen UniversityXiamen 361005China Gulei Innovation Institute Xiamen UniversityZhangzhou 363200China Shenzhen Research Institute of Xiamen University Shenzhen 518057China

Hydrogen economy based on electrochemical water splitting exemplified one of the most promising means for overcoming the rapid consumption of fossil fuels and the serious deterioration of global *** development of earth-abundant,efficient,and durable electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)plays a vital role in the commercialization of water ***,the self-supported electrode with unique nitrogen-doped reduced graphene oxide(N-rGO)nanoflakes and WS_(2) hierarchical nanoflower that were grown directly on carbon cloth(CC)substrate(WS_(2)/N-rGO/CC)was successfully synthesized using a facile dual-step hydrothermal *** as-synthesized 50%1T/2H-WS_(2)/N-rGO/CC(WGC),which possessed high metallic 1T phase of 57%not only efficiently exposed more active sites and accelerated mass/charge diffusion,but also endowed excellent structural lustiness,robust stability,and durability at a high current *** a result,the 50%WGC exhibited lower overpotentials and Tafel slopes of 21.13 mV(29.55 mV∙dec^(-1))and 80.35 mV(137.02 mV∙dec^(-1))as compared to 20%Pt-C/CC,respectively for catalyzing acidic and alkaline hydrogen evolution ***,the as-synthesized 50%WGC also depicted long-term stability for more than 8 h in the high-current-density regions(100 and 220 mA∙cm^(-2)).In brief,this work reveals a self-supported electrode as an extraordinary alternative to Pt-based catalysts for HER in a wide pH range,while paving a facile strategy to develop advanced electrocatalysts with abundant heterointerfaces for practical applications in energy-saving hydrogen production.

关键词： self-supported electrocatalyst carbon-based substrate phase engineering pH-universal water splitting

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Compressed Data Separation via ℓ_(q)-Split Analysis with ℓ_(∞)-Constraint

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2024年第7期40卷 1655-1673页

作者： ming Yang Gu Song Li Jun Hong Lin School of Mathematical Science Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027P.R.China Center for Data Science Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027P.R.China

In this paper,we study compressed data separation(CDS)problem,i.e.,sparse data separation from a few linear random *** propose the nonconvex ℓ_(q)-split analysis with ℓ_(∞)-constraint and 0 详细信息

In this paper,we study compressed data separation(CDS)problem,i.e.,sparse data separation from a few linear random *** propose the nonconvex ℓ_(q)-split analysis with ℓ_(∞)-constraint and 0

关键词： Data separation ℓ_(q)-split analysis Dantzig selector frames restricted isometry property compressed sensing

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A Quasi-Linear Relationship between Planetary Outgoing Longwave Radiation and Surface Temperature in a Radiative-Convective-Transportive Climate Model of a Gray Atmosphere

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第1期41卷 8-18页

作者： Jie SUN Michael SECOR ming CAI Xiaoming HU Department of Earth Oceanand Atmospheric ScienceFlorida State UniversityTallahasseeFlorida 32304USA School of Atmospheric Sciences Sun Yat-sen University and Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai)Zhuhai 519082China Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Climate ch.nge and Natural Disaster Studies Zhuhai 519082China

In this study,we put forward a radiative-convective-transportive energy balance model of a gray atmosphere to examine individual roles of the greenhouse effect of water vapor,vertical convection,and atmospheric poleward energy transport as well as their combined effects for a quasi-linear relationship between the outgoing longwave radiation(OLR)and surface temperature(T_(S)).The greenhouse effect of water vapor enhances the meridional gradient of surface temperature,thereby directly contributing to a quasi-linear OLR-T_(S) *** atmospheric poleward energy transport decreases the meridional gradient of surface *** a result of the poleward energy transport,tropical(high-latitude)atmosphere-surface columns emit less(more)OLR than the solar energy input at their respective locations,causing a substantial reduction of the meridional gradient of the *** combined effect of reducing the meridional gradients of both OLR and surface temperature by the poleward energy transport also contributes to the quasi-linear OLR-T_(S) *** convective energy transport reduces the meridional gradient of surface temperature without affecting the meridional gradient of OLR,thereby suppressing part of the reduction to the increasing rate of OLR with surface temperature by the greenhouse effect of water vapor and poleward energy *** of the nature of the energy balance in the climate system,such a quasi-linear relationship is also a good approximation for the relationship between the annual-mean net downward solar energy flux at the top of the atmosphere and surface temperature.

关键词： outgoing longwave radiation greenhouse effect poleward energy transport

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Variability Analysis for a Two-station Queueing Network in Heavy Traffic with Arrival Processes Driven by Queues

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Acta Mathematicae Applicatae Sinica 2024年第2期40卷 445-466页

作者： Jian CAO Yong-jiang GUO Kai-ming YAng School of Science Beijing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsBeijing 100876China

The law of the iterated logarithm(LIL)for the performance measures of a two-station queueing network with arrivals modulated by independent queues is developed by a strong approximation *** convenience,two arrival processes modulated by queues comprise the external system,all others are belong to the internal *** is well known that the exogenous arrival has a great influence on the asymptotic variability of performance measures in *** the considered queueing network in heavy traffic,we get all the LILs for the queue length,workload,busy time,idle time and departure processes,and present them by some simple functions of the primitive *** LILs tell us some interesting insights,such as,the LILs of busy and idle times are zero and they reflect a small variability around their fluid approximations,the LIL of departure has nothing to do with the arrival process,both of the two phenomena well explain the service station’s situation of being busy all the *** external system shows us a distinguishing effect on the performance measures:an underloaded(overloaded,critically loaded)external system affects the internal system through its arrival(departure,arrival and departure together).In addition,we also get the strong approximation of the network as an auxiliary result.

关键词： two-station queueing network the law of the iterated logarithm(LIL) strong approximation fluid approximation

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The electroweak monopole–antimonopole pair in the standard model

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2024年第3期76卷 113-119页

作者： Dan Zhu Khai-ming Wong Guo-Quan Wong School of Physics Universiti Sains Malaysia11800 USMPenangMalaysia

We present the first numerical solution that corresponds to a pair of cho–Maison monopoles and antimonopoles(MAPs) in the SU(2) × U(1) Weinberg–Salam(WS) *** monopoles are finitely separated,while each pole carries a magnetic charge ±4π/*** positive pole is situated in the upper hemisphere,whereas the negative pole is in the lower *** cho–Maison MAP is investigated for a range of Weinberg angles,0.4675≤ tan θ_(W)≤10,and Higgs self-coupling,0 ≤ β ≤ *** magnetic dipole moment(μm) and pole separation(d_(z)) of the numerical solutions are calculated and *** total energy of the system,however,is infinite due to point singularities at the locations of monopoles.

关键词： magnetic monopole cho-Maison monopole Weinberg-Salam model

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Electrochemical Cascade Annulation for the Synthesis of 3-Sulfanylquinoline Derivatives under Mild Conditions

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chinese Journal of chemistry 2024年第16期42卷 1833-1838页

作者： Ke Li ming-Zhong Guo Zhuo chen Hao-Ran Li Weisi Guo ming Li Lin-Bao Zhang State Key Laboratory Base of Eco-chemical Engineering College of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringQingdao University of Science&TechnologyQingdaoShandong 266042China

An efficient electrochemical approach has been developed for the construction of 3-sulfanylquinoline derivatives by treating phenylethynylbenzoxazinanones with disulfides in an undivided *** protocol provided a convenient route to functionalized quinolines with good functional group ***,it does not require any metal catalysts or additives,furnishing a series of biologicalquinolines inmoderatetogoodyields.

关键词： Electrocatalysis Electrooxidation Annulation 3-Sulfany quinoline C3-thioetherification

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Hybrid Network Model Based on Data Enhancement for Short-term Power Prediction of New PV Plants

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2024年第1期12卷 77-88页

作者： Shangpeng Zhong Xiaoming Wang Bin Xu Hongbin Wu ming Ding the Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy Utilization and Energy Saving Hefei University of TechnologyHefei 230009China the State Grid Anhui Electric Power Research Institute Hefei 230061China

This study proposes a hybrid network model based on data enhancement to address the problem of low accuracy in photovoltaic(PV)power prediction that arises due to insuffi cient data samples for new PV ***,a time-series gener ative adversarial network(TimeGAN)is used to learn the distri bution law of the original PV data samples and the temporal correlations between their features,and these are then used to generate new samples to enhance the training ***,a hybrid network model that fuses bi-directional long-short term memory(BiLSTM)network with attention mechanism(AM)in the framework of deep&cross network(DCN)is con structed to effectively extract deep information from the origi nal features while enhancing the impact of important informa tion on the prediction ***,the hyperparameters in the hybrid network model are optimized using the whale optimi zation algorithm(WOA),which prevents the network model from falling into a local optimum and gives the best prediction *** simulation results show that after data enhance ment by TimeGAN,the hybrid prediction model proposed in this paper can effectively improve the accuracy of short-term PV power prediction and has wide applicability.

关键词： New photovoltaic(PV)plant short-term predic tion time-series generative adversarial network(TimeGAN) hy brid network hyperparameter

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