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Defense of Massive False Data Injection Attack via Sparse Attack Points Considering Uncertain Topological Changes

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2022年第6期10卷 1588-1598页

作者： Xiaoge Huang Zhijun Qin Ming Xie Hui Liu Liang Meng School of Electrical Engineering Guangxi UniversityNanningChina Guangxi Power Grid Co.Ltd. China Southern Grid(CSG)GuilinChina

False data injection attack(FDIA)is a typical cyber-attack aiming at falsifying measurement data for state estimation(SE),which may incur catastrophic consequences on cyber-physical system operation.In this paper,we develop a deep learning based methodology for detection,localization,and data recovery of FDIA on power systems in a coherent and holistic manner.However,the multi-modal probability distributions of both measurements and state variables in SE due to ever-changing operating points and structural/topological changes pose great challenges in detecting and localizing FDIA.To address this challenge,we first propose an enhanced attack model to launch massive FDIA on limited access points.Second,we train an auto-encoder(AE)with a Bayesian change verification(BCV)classifier using N-1 contingencies to detect FDIA with unseen N-k operational topologies.Third,to avoid model collapse caused by multi-modal measurement distribution,an AE-based generative adversarial network(GAN)is derived to generate a diverse candidate set of normal measurement vectors with various operational topologies.Finally,we develop a pattern match algorithm to localize and recover the falsified measurements and state variables by comparing the falsified measurement vectors with the normal measurement vectors in the candidate set.Case studies with IEEE benchmark systems and a modified 415-bus China Southern Grid system are provided to validate the proposed methodology.It shows that the proposed methodology achieves an average 95%accuracy for detection,over 80%accuracy for localization of FDIA,and recovers the measurement and state variables close to their true values.

关键词： False data injection attack auto-encoder generative adversarial network state estimation cyber security

Plasticity role in strength behavior of cement-phosphogypsum stabilized soils

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2022年第6期14卷 1977-1988页

作者： Xia Bian Lingling Zeng Feng Ji Ming Xie Zhenshun Hong Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Geomechanics and Embankment Engineering Hohai UniversityNanjing210098China State Key Laboratory for Geomechanics and Deep Underground Engineering China University of Mining and TechnologyXuzhou221116China College of Civil Engineering Zhejiang University of TechnologyHanzhou310014China Jiangsu Water Source Company Ltd.of the Eastern Route of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project Nanjing210000China Fujian Yongfu Power Engineering Co Fuzhou350108China Institute of Geotechnical Engineering School of TransportationSoutheast UniversityNanjing211189China

Dredged soil and phosphogypsum are frequently regarded as wasted materials,which require further treatment to control their environmental impact.Hence,phosphogypsum is proposed as a binder to stabilize dredged soil,aiming at efficiently reducing and reusing these waste materials.In this study,the engineering properties of cement-phosphogypsum stabilized dredged soils were investigated through a series of unconfined compression tests,and the effects of plasticity index of original soils on the strength improvement were identified.Then,the microstructure test and mineralogical test were performed to understand the mechanism of physical role of original soils in strength improvement.The results revealed that the unconfined compressive strength significantly decreased with the increase in plasticity index at the same binder content.The essential factor for strength improvement was found to be the formation of cementitious materials identified as calcium silicate hydrate(CSH),calcium aluminate hydrate(CAH),and ettringite(Aft).The normalized integrated intensity of cementitious materials(CSH+CAH+Aft)by pore volume decreased with the increase in plasticity index.Consequently,the density of cementitious materials filling the soil pores controlled the effectiveness of strength improvement.More cementitious materials per pore volume were observed for the original soils with lower values of plasticity index.That is,the higher strength of stabilized soils with lower values of plasticity index was attributed to a packed structure forming by integrated fabric through denser cementitious components.It can be anticipated from the above findings that the effectiveness of stabilization treatment will significantly reduce with the increase in plasticity of origin soil.

关键词： Strength Stabilization Plasticity index Microstructure Mineralogical analysis

现代老中医临证之素描——谢鸣临床诊疗的特点

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中华中医药杂志 2020年第10期35卷 5035-5038页

作者：刘碧原谢鸣北京中医药大学中医学院方剂学系北京100029

谢鸣教授临证45年,有"精于辨证,博采众方,用药考究,疗效显著"之誉。谢教授非常重视辨证论治,强调临证中全面详尽和细微严谨,逐渐形成了具有自己特色的学术主张和诊疗经验。文章拟从详参四诊,细微辨证;审证求机,治法严谨;古方活用,用药精... 详细信息

谢鸣教授临证45年,有"精于辨证,博采众方,用药考究,疗效显著"之誉。谢教授非常重视辨证论治,强调临证中全面详尽和细微严谨,逐渐形成了具有自己特色的学术主张和诊疗经验。文章拟从详参四诊,细微辨证;审证求机,治法严谨;古方活用,用药精巧;妙术仁心,调护得法几个方面对其临证辨治特点做一介绍,以飨读者。

关键词：辨证论治临证特色谢鸣

GRAPH SPARSIFICATION BY UNIVERSAL GREEDY ALGORITHMS

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Journal of Computational Mathematics 2023年第4期41卷 741-770页

作者： ming-Jun Lai Jiaxin xie Zhiqiang Xu Department of Mathematics University of GeorgiaAthensGA 30602USA LMIB of the Ministry of Education School of Mathematical SciencesBeihang UniversityBeijing 100191China LSEC Inst.Comp.Math.Academy of Mathematics and System ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100091China School of Mathematical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

Graph sparsification is to approximate an arbitrary graph by a sparse graph and is useful in many applications,such as simplification of social networks,least squares problems,and numerical solution of symmetric positive definite linear systems.In this paper,inspired by the well-known sparse signal recovery algorithm called orthogonal matching pursuit(OMP),we introduce a deterministic,greedy edge selection algorithm,which is called the universal greedy approach(UGA)for the graph sparsification problem.For a general spectral sparsification problem,e.g.,the positive subset selection problem from a set of m vectors in R n,we propose a nonnegative UGA algorithm which needs O(mn^(2)+n^(3)/ϵ^(2))time to find a 1+ϵ/β/1-ϵ/β-spectral sparsifier with positive coefficients with sparsity at most[n/ϵ^(2)],where β is the ratio between the smallest length and largest length of the vectors.The convergence of the nonnegative UGA algorithm is established.For the graph sparsification problem,another UGA algorithm is proposed which can output a 1+O(ϵ)/1-O(ϵ)-spectral sparsifier with[n/ϵ^(2)]edges in O(m+n^(2)/ϵ^(2))time from a graph with m edges and n vertices under some mild assumptions.This is a linear time algorithm in terms of the number of edges that the community of graph sparsification is looking for.The best result in the literature to the knowledge of the authors is the existence of a deterministic algorithm which is almost linear,i.e.O(m^(1+o(1)))for some o(1)=O((log log(m))^(2/3)/log^(1/3)(m)).Finally,extensive experimental results,including applications to graph clustering and least squares regression,show the effectiveness of proposed approaches.

关键词： Spectral sparsification Subset selection Greedy algorithms Graph clustering Linear sketching

Probing microstructural evolution in weld metals subjected to varied CaF_(2)-TiO_(2) flux cored wires under high heat input electro-gas welding

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research(International) 2023年第1期30卷 150-157页

作者： Xu xie ming Zhong Tan Zhao Cong Wang Key Laboratory for Ecological Metallurgy of Multimetallic Mineral(Ministry of Education) Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819LiaoningChina School of Metallurgy Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819LiaoningChina State Key Laboratory of Advanced Special Steel Shanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China State Key Laboratory of Metal Material for Marine Equipment and Application Ansteel Co.Ltd.Anshan 114021LiaoningChina

Fused CaF_(2)-TiO_(2) fluxes have been designed,prepared,and applied in the flux cored wires to join EH36 shipbuilding steels under high heat input electro-gas welding.Ensuing microstructural evolution in the weld metals subjected to varied CaF_(2)-TiO_(2) flux cored wires has been fully documented.It has been demonstrated that as the content of TiO2 in the fused fluxes increases,columnar grain size increases,and major constituents in the weld metal change from lath bainite,to granular bainite,and then to acicular ferrite.Such phenomena are elucidated via salient chemical reactions involving oxygen pickup and concurrent titanium transfer.

关键词： Microstructural evolution Elemental variation Electro-gas welding High heat input Shipbuilding steel

Bimetallic water oxidation: One-site catalysis with two-sites oxidation

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2021年第12期30卷 1-7,I0001页

作者： Fei xie ming-Tian Zhang Center of Basic Molecular Science(CBMS) Department of ChemistryTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Water oxidation is the key half reaction to achieve full splitting of water to hydrogen and oxygen.Herein,a binuclear complex,[(L^(4-))Co_(2)~Ⅲ(OH)]ClO_(4),was reported as a stable and efficient homogenous catalyst for electrocatalytic water oxidation in 0.1 M phosphate buffer(pH 7.0).Cyclic voltammetry experiments indicated that the catalytic process proceed via "one-site catalysis with two-sites oxidation" mechanism in which both two metal sites store the required oxidation equivalents for water oxidation and O-O bond formation occurs by single-site water nucleophilic attack(WNA).

关键词： Water oxidation Bimetallic catalysis O-O bond formation Cobalt catalyst Oxygen evolution

Stretchable alkaline quasi-solid-state electrolytes created by super-tough, fatigue-resistant and alkali-resistant multi-bond network hydrogels

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2023年第4期34卷 275-278页

作者： Hao Xu Yujun Liu Xu-Ming Xie Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials(MOE) Department of Chemical EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Hydrogel-based quasi-solid-state electrolytes(Q-SSEs) swollen with electrolyte solutions are important components in stretchable supercapacitors and other wearable devices. This work fabricates a supertough, fatigue-resistant, and alkali-resistant multi-bond network(MBN) hydrogel aiming to be an alkaline Q-SSE. To synthesize the hydrogel, a 2-ureido-4[1H]-pyrimidone(UPy) motif is introduced into a poly(acrylic acid) polymer chain. The obtained MBN hydrogels with 75 wt% water content exhibit tensile strength as high as 2.47 MPa, which is enabled by the large energy dissipation ability originated from the dissociation of UPy dimers due to their high bond association energy. Owing to the high dimerization constant of UPy motifs, the dissociated UPy motifs are able to partially re-associate soon after being released from external forces, resulting in excellent fatigue-resistance. More importantly, the MBN hydrogels exhibit excellent alkali-resistance ability. The UPy Gel-10 swollen with 1 mol/L KOH display a tensile strength as high as ~1.0 MPa with elongation at break of ~550%. At the same time, they show ionic conductivity of ~17 m S/cm, which do not decline even when the hydrogels are stretched to 500% strain.The excellent mechanical property and ionic conductivity of the present hydrogels demonstrate potential application as a stretchable alkaline Q-SSE.

关键词： Alkaline quasi-solid-state electrolyte Super-tough hydrogel Fatigue resistance Alkali resistance Multi-bond network

Does burning fat make tumor immune hot? Discovery of cD47 overexpression by radiation induced fatty acid oxidation

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Genes & Diseases 2023年第1期10卷 7-9页

作者： Nian Jiang Bowen xie ming Fan Jian Jian Li Department of Radiation Oncology University of California Davis School of MedicineSacramentoCA 95817USA Department of Neurosurgery National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric DisordersXiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan 410008China Institute for Immunology and School of Medicine Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China NCl-Designated Comprehensive Cancer Center University of California DavisSacramentoCA 95817USA

Although extensively studied,it is unknown what is the major cellular energy driving tumor metastasis after anti-cancer radiotherapy.Metabolic reprogramming is one of the fundamental hallmarks in carcinogenesis and tumor progression featured with the increased glycolysis in solid tumors.However,accumulating evidence indicates that in addition to the rudimentary glycolytic pathway,tumor cells are capable of reactivating mitochondrial OxPHOS under genotoxic stress condition to meet the increasing cellular fuel demand for repairing and surviving anti-cancer radiation.Such dynamic metabolic rewiring may play a key role in cancer therapy resistance and metastasis.Interestingly,data from our group and others have demonstrated that cancer cells can re-activate mitochondrial oxidative respiration to boost an annexing energy to meet the increasing cellular fuel demand for tumor cells surviving genotoxic anti-cancer therapy with metastatic potential.

关键词： CD47 Immunecheckpoint Immunotherapy Metabolic rewiring Radiation therapy Tumor acquired resistance

Efficacy and safety of activating blood circulation and removing blood stasis of Traditional Chinese Medicine for managing renal fibrosis in patients with chronic kidney disease:a systematic review and Meta-analysis

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2023年第3期43卷 429-440页

作者： LUO Xin xie Jing HUANG Li GAN Wenfan CHEN ming Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chengdu 610072China Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chengdu 610075China

OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of activating blood circulation and removing blood stasis in terms of Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM) for managing renal fibrosis(RF) in patients with chronic kidney disease(CKD).METHODS:We searched randomized controlled trials(RCTs) from eight databases.RESULTS:Sixteen eligible studies with 1,356 participants were included in this study.Compared to treatment with Western Medicine(WM) alone,the combined treatment with activating blood circulation and removing blood stasis in terms of TCM(ARTCM) and WM to manage RF in patients with CKD significantly ameliorated type Ⅳ collagen(C-Ⅳ)(SMD:-2.17,95% CI:3.01 to-1.34),type Ⅲ procollagen(PC-Ⅲ)(SMD:-1.08,95% CI:-1.64 to-0.53),laminin(LN)(SMD:-1.28,95% CI:-1.65 to-0.90),transforming growth factor β 1(TGF-β1)(SMD:-0.65,95% CI:-1.18 to-0.12),serum creatinine(Scr)(SMD:-1.36,95% CI:-1.85 to-0.87),blood urea nitrogen(BUN)(MD:-1.51,95% CI:-2.59 to-0.43),and 24 h urine protein(24h Upro)(SMD:-1.23;95% CI:-1.96 to-0.50).The level of hyaluronic acid(HA) was similar in both types of treatment(SMD:-0.74,95% CI:-1.91 to 0.44).The subgroup analysis showed that the duration of 8 weeks might affect the concentration of C-Ⅳ,PC-Ⅲ,and LN(P < 0.05).The effectiveness of the longer duration to C-Ⅳ,PC-Ⅲ,and LN was not certain.However,the result should be interpreted in care.The safety of the treatment using ARTCM and WM could not be evaluated because a few studies had reported adverse effects.The results of the Meta-analysis were not stable enough.There was publication bias for the reports on Scr(P = 0.001),C-Ⅳ(P = 0.001),PC-Ⅲ(P = 0.026),and LN(P = 0.030) and no publication bias for the reports on BUN(P = 0.293).The quality of evidence varied from low to very low.CONCLUSIONS:The combined treatment using ARTCM and WM to manage RF in patients with CKD has some advantages over treatment with WM alone.High-quality RCTs need to be conducted for the strong support.

关键词： Medicine Chinese traditional activating blood circulation and removing blood stasis renal fibrosis efficacy safety Meta-analysis systematic review