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Response of global agricultural productivity anomalies to drought stress in irrigated and rainfed agriculture

Science China Earth Sciences 2024年

作者： Xinxin CHEN Lunche WANG qian CAO Jia SUN Zigeng NIU Liu YANG Weixia jiang Hubei Key Laboratory of Regional Ecology and Environmental Change School of Geography and Information EngineeringChina University of Geosciences State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology China University of Geosciences

The response of agricultural productivity anomalies to drought stress plays a crucial role in the carbon cycle within terrestrial ecosystems and in ensuring food security. However, detailed analysis of how global agricultural productivity anomalies response to drought stress, particularly within irrigated and rainfed agricultural systems, remains insufficient. In this study, the impact of drought stress on agricultural productivity anomalies during the growing season（zcNDVIS）, across both irrigated and rainfed agriculture, were analyzed using a suite of hydro-climatic variables. Specifically, the investigation utilized the multi-scalar Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index（SPEI）, the Multivariate ENSO Index（MEI）, and the Madden-Julian Oscillation（MJO）. Meanwhile, the relationships between hydroclimatic variables and zcNDVISwere analyzed at one, two, three and four months before the ending of growing season（EOS）. Results showed that（1） the percentages of significant（p<0.1） drying trends varied across the globe from 8.30% to 13.42%, 6.50% to 14.63%, 6.52% to 14.23%, and 6.47%to 14.95% at one-, two-, three-, and four-month lead times before EOS, respectively, during 2001–2020, which represented by the multiscalar SPEI. This observation highlights that most regions across the globe tend to be arid, which could significantly impact agricultural productivity;（2） the global mean correlation coefficients（rmax） for SPEI-1, SPEI-3, SPEI-6, SPEI-12（indicating SPEI at 1-, 3-, 6-, and 12-month lags）, MEI, and MJO with zcNDVISranged between 0.24–0.25, 0.27–0.28, 0.25–0.26, 0.21–0.22, –0.02–0.01 and 0.06–0.11, respectively, across both irrigated and rainfed agriculture system from 2001 to *** productivity anomalies demonstrated a significant correlation with drought stress. The strongest correlations were noted for SPEI-3 and SPEI-6, suggesting a delayed response of crops to drought conditions. This indicates that agriculture ecosystem experiences prolo

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Vertical two-dimensional WS_(2)flakes grown on flexible CNT film for excellent electrochemical performance

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Rare Metals 2024年第1期43卷 164-174页

作者： qian Gong Jing-Yun Zou ming Ren Si-Qi Zhu Yu-Rong Zhou Li-ming Zhao Jian Chen Yu-Long Wu jiang-Tao Di Li-Xing Kang Qing-Wen Li School of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Key Laboratory of Multifunctional Nanomaterials and Smart Systems Division of Advanced MaterialsSuzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-BionicsChinese Academy of SciencesSuzhou 215123China jiangsu Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Heat Fluid Flow Technology and Energy Application School of Physical Science and TechnologySuzhou University of Science and TechnologySuzhou 215009China

Soft electrochemical actuators that can generate mechanical motions in response to electrical stimuli can be used as artificial muscles in microscale *** electrode materials are the key component of the electrochemical actuator because they limit the ion diffusion and accumulation processes and thus affect the deformation in fast response-time and potential engineering ***-dimensional materials,such as one-dimensional(1D)CNT and two-dimensional(2D)vertically stood WS_(2),are great electrode due to their good electrochemical stability and high surface-to-volume ratios,but show limited performances when being used on their own in the actuators because of low reconstruction or low conductivity.A combination of 1D CNT and 2D WS_(2)could form a heterojunction with both high electrochemical activity and great mechanical ***,by depositing highly disordered graphene nanosheets(HDGNs)on CNT films and then WS_(2)on the formed low-dimensional nanocarbon film,a hybrid WS_(2)/HDGN/CNT film was synthesized through a multistep CVD *** grown WS_(2)nanosheets were achieved by taking advantage of HDGNs which limits CNTs ***,the volume expansion caused by the transition from WO_(3)to WS-2can force the vertical growth of WS_(2).This hybrid film shows excellent electrochemical properties,such as high specific capacitance and high rate *** actuators based on the WS_(2)/HDGN/CNT films show good actuating performance,including stability and reconfigurability.

关键词： CNT Graphene Vertically growth WS_(2) Electrochemical actuators

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Inferring Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Drug Resistance and Transmission using Whole-genome Sequencing in a High TB-burden Setting in China

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2024年第2期37卷 157-169页

作者： FAN Yu Feng LIU Dong Xin CHEN Yi Wang OU Xi Chao MAO Qi Zhi YANG Ting Ting WANG Xi jiang HE Wen Cong ZHAO Bing LIU Zhen jiang ABULIMITI Maiweilanjiang AIHEMUTI Maimaitiaili GAO qian ZHAO Yan Lin Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology(MOE/NHC/CAMS) School of Basic Medical SciencesShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghai 200032China National Tuberculosis Reference Laboratory Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijing 102206China Hangzhou Red Cross Hospital Hangzhou 310005ZhejiangChina Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention Urumqi 830026XinjiangChina Tuberculosis Dispensary of Kashgar Prefecture Kashgar 844099XinjiangChina

Objective China is among the 30 countries with a high burden of tuberculosis(TB)worldwide,and TB remains a public health *** Prefecture in the southern Xinjiang Autonomous Region is considered as one of the highest TB burden regions in ***,molecular epidemiological studies of Kashgar are *** A population-based retrospective study was conducted using whole-genome sequencing(WGS)to determine the characteristics of drug resistance and the transmission *** A total of 1,668 isolates collected in 2020 were classified into lineages 2(46.0%),3(27.5%),and 4(26.5%).The drug resistance rates revealed by WGS showed that the top three drugs in terms of the resistance rate were isoniazid(7.4%,124/1,668),streptomycin(6.0%,100/1,668),and rifampicin(3.3%,55/1,668).The rate of rifampicin resistance was 1.8%(23/1,290)in the new cases and 9.4%(32/340)in the previously treated *** resistance mutations were detected more frequently in lineage 2 strains than in lineage 3 or 4 strains,respectively:18.6%vs.8.7 or 9%,P<*** estimated proportion of recent transmissions was 25.9%(432/1,668).Multivariate logistic analyses indicated that sex,age,occupation,lineage,and drug resistance were the risk factors for recent *** the low rate of drug resistance,drug-resistant strains had a higher risk of recent transmission than the susceptible strains(adjusted odds ratio,1.414;95%CI,1.023–1.954;P=0.036).Among all patients with drug-resistant tuberculosis(DR-TB),78.4%(171/218)were attributed to the transmission of DR-TB *** Our results suggest that drug-resistant strains are more transmissible than susceptible strains and that transmission is the major driving force of the current DR-TB epidemic in Kashgar.

关键词： Mycobacterium tuberculosis Whole-genome sequencing(WGS) Transmission Drug resistance Xinjiang

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Leaf Morphology Genes SRL1 and RENL1 Co-Regulate Cellulose Synthesis and Affect Rice Drought Tolerance

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Rice science 2024年第1期31卷 103-117,I0020-I0022页

作者： LIU Dan ZHAO Huibo WANG Zi’an XU Jing LIU Yiting WANG Jiajia CHEN minmin LIU Xiong ZHANG Zhihai CEN jiangsu ZHU Li HU jiang REN Deyong GAO Zhenyu DONG Guojun ZHANG qiang SHEN Lan LI Qing qian qian HU Songping ZHANG Guangheng State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding China National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou 310006China Research Center of Plant Functional Genes and Tissue Culture Technology College of Bioscience and BioengineeringJiangxi Agricultural UniversityNanchang 330045China qian qian Academician Workstation National Nanfan Research Institute(Sanya)Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesSanya 572024China

The morphological development of rice(Oryza sativa L.)leaves is closely related to plant architecture,physiological activities,and ***,it is unclear whether there is a co-regulatory relationship between the morphological development of leaves and adaptation to drought *** this study,a drought-sensitive,roll-enhanced,and narrow-leaf mutant(renl1)was induced from a semi-rolled leaf mutant(srl1)by ethyl methane sulfonate(EMS),which was obtained from Nipponbare(NPB)through ***-based cloning and functional validation showed that RENL1 encodes a cellulose synthase,allelic to NRL1/*** RENL1 mutation resulted in reduced vascular bundles,vesicular cells,cellulose,and hemicellulose contents in cell walls,diminishing the water-holding capacity of *** addition,the root system of the renl1 mutant was poorly developed and its ability to scavenge reactive oxygen species(ROS)was decreased,leading to an increase in ROS after drought ***,genetic results showed that RENL1 and SRL1 synergistically regulated cell wall *** results revealed a theoretical basis for further elucidating the molecular regulation mechanism of cellulose on rice drought tolerance,and provided a new genetic resource for enhancing the synergistic regulation network of plant type and stress resistance,thereby realizing simultaneous improvement of multiple traits in rice.

关键词： cellulose cell wall drought tolerance leaf morphology rice

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Electroacupuncture Promotes Angiogenesis in Mice with Cerebral Ischemia by Inhibiting miR-7

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2024年第6期30卷 543-550页

作者： YU qian SHU Shi JU Xin-yao PENG Wei REN Xue-qi SI Shu-han SONG Shi-zhen XIE Xue-yun FANG Bang-jiang ZHOU Shuang School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghai201203China College of Basic Medicine Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghai201203China Department of Emergency Longhua HospitalShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghai200032China

Objective To observe the angiogenesis effect of electroacupuncture(EA)at Shuigou acupoint(GV 26)in the treatment of cerebral ischemia,and explore the value of miRNA-7(miR-7)in *** First,48 mice were randomly divided into sham operation,middle cerebral artery occlusion(MCAO)model,and EA treatment *** 9 mice were divided into carrier control group,miR-7 knockout group and miR-7 overexpression group(n=3 each group).Finally,20 mice were divided into model and carrier control group,model and miR-7 knockout group,EA treatment and carrier control group and EA treatment and miR-7 overexpression group,with 3–6 mice in each *** MCAO model was established in the MCAO and EA *** deficit score and 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride(TTC)staining were used to evaluate the severity of cerebral ***-eosin staining was used to describe basic pathological *** was used to quantify cerebral microvessel ***-time PCR and Western blot were used to detect the expression of miR-7 and its downstream target genes Krüppel-like factor 4/vascular endothelial growth factor(KLF4/VEGF)and angiopoietin-2(ANG-2)in the ischemic cerebral *** After EA,neurological deficit scores and infarction volumes decreased,and the density of cerebral microvessels *** the MCAO group,miR-7 expression was higher than that in the sham group(P<0.01).After EA at GV 26,miR-7 expression decreased(P<0.01)and the expression of downstream target genes KLF4/VEGF and ANG-2 increased as compared with the MCAO group(P<0.01).After EA combined with overexpression of miR-7,the expression of downstream target genes KLF4/VEGF and ANG-2 decreased compared to the control EA group(P<0.01).After miR-7 knockdown,the expression of KLF4/VEGF and ANG-2 increased(P<0.05 or P<0.01).Conclusions EA could promote angiogenesis in MCAO mice likely by inhibiting the expression of miR-7 and relieving inhibition of downstream target genes KLF4/VEG

关键词： electroacupuncture cerebral ischemia miRNA-7 angiogenesis Shuigou(GV 26) acupuncture points

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Crucial role played by CK8^(+)cells in mediating alveolar injury remodeling for patients with COVID-19

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Virologica Sinica 2024年第3期39卷 390-402页

作者： Yufeng Li Hengrui Hu Jia Liu Longda Ma Xi Wang Liang Liu qian Liu Liang Ren jiang Li Fei Deng Zhihong Hu Yiwu Zhou Manli Wang State Key Laboratory of Virology Wuhan Institute of VirologyCenter for Biosafety Mega-ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan430071China Department of Forensic Medicine Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430010China University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China

The high risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection and reinfection and the occurrence of post-acute pulmonary sequelae have highlighted the importance of understanding the mechanism underlying lung repair after *** address this concern,comparative and systematic analyses of SARS-CoV-2 infection in COVID-19 patients and animals were *** the lungs of nine patients who died of COVID-19 and one recovered from COVID-19 but died of unrelated disease in early 2020,damage-related transient progenitor(DATP)cells expressing CK8 marker proliferated *** CK8^(+)DATP cells were derived from bronchial CK5^(+)basal ***,they showed different cell fate toward differentiation into type I alveolar cells in the deceased and convalescent patients,*** using a self-limiting hamster infection model mimicking the dynamic process of lung injury remodeling in mild COVID-19 patients,the accumulation and regression of CK8t cell marker were found to be closely associated with the disease ***,we examined the autopsied lungs of two patients who died of infection by the recent Omicron variant and found that they only exhibited mild pathological injury with no CK8^(+)cell *** results indicate a clear pulmonary cell remodeling route and suggest that CK8^(+)DATP cells play a primary role in mediating alveolar remodeling,highlighting their potential applications as diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets.

关键词： SARS-CoV-2 CK8t DATP cells Cell proliferation Lung injury-remodeling Autopsy Hamster infection model

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Comprehensive analysis of gene mutations and mismatch repair in Chinese colorectal cancer patients

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第6期16卷 2673-2682页

作者： Huang Chen Rui-Ying jiang Zhan Hua Xiao-Wei Wang Xiao-Li Shi Ye Wang qian-qian Feng Jie Luo Wu Ning Yan-Fen Shi Da-Kui Zhang Bei Wang Jian-Zheng Jie Ding-Rong Zhong Department of Pathology China-Japan Friendship HospitalBeijing 100029China Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery China-Japan Friendship HospitalBeijing 100029China Department of Scientific Research GeneisBeijing 100012China

BACKGROUND RAS,BRAF,and mismatch repair(MMR)/microsatellite instability(MSI)are crucial biomarkers recommended by clinical practice guidelines for colorectal cancer(CRC).However,their characteristics and influencing factors in Chinese patients have not been thoroughly *** To analyze the clinicopathological features of KRAS,NRAS,BRAF,and PIK3CA mutations and the DNA MMR status in *** We enrolled 2271 Chinese CRC patients at the China-Japan Friendship *** proteins were tested using immunohistochemical analysis,and the KRAS/NRAS/BRAF/PIK3CA mutations were determined using quantitative polymerase chain *** status was determined using an MSI detection *** analyses were conducted using SPSS software and logistic *** The KRAS,NRAS,BRAF,and PIK3CA mutations were detected in 44.6%,3.4%,3.7%,and 3.9% of CRC patients,*** mutations were more likely to occur in patients with moderate-to-high *** mutations were more likely to occur in patients with right-sided CRC,poorly differentiated,or no perineural *** MMR(dMMR)was detected in 7.9% of all patients and 16.8% of those with mucinous ***,NRAS,BRAF,and PIK3CA mutations were detected in 29.6%,1.1%,8.1%,and 22.3% of patients with dMMR,*** dMMR was more likely to occur in patients with a family history of CRC,aged<50 years,right-sided CRC,poorly differentiated histology,no perineural invasion,and with carcinoma in situ,stage I,or stage II *** This study analyzed the molecular profiles of KRAS,NRAS,BRAF,PIK3CA,and MMR/MSI in CRC,identifying key influencing factors,with implications for clinical management of CRC.

关键词： Colorectal cancer Deficient mismatch repair Microsatellite instability Gene mutation Comprehensive analysis

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Appropriate Supply of Ammonium Nitrogen and Ammonium Nitrate Reduces Cadmium Content in Rice Seedlings by Inhibiting Cadmium Uptake and Transport

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Rice science 2024年第5期31卷 587-602,I0062-I0064页

作者： HU Yunchao YAN Tiancai GAO Zhenyu WANG Tiankang LU Xueli YANG Long SHEN Lan ZHANG qiang HU jiang REN Deyong ZHANG Guangheng ZHU Li LI Li ZENG Dali qian qian LI Qing State Key Laboratory for Rice Biology and Breeding China National Rice Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesHangzhou 311401China State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice Hunan Hybrid Rice Research CenterHunan Academy of Agricultural SciencesChangsha 410125China The Key Laboratory for Quality Improvement of Agricultural Products of Zhejiang Province College of Advanced Agricultural SciencesZhejiang A&F UniversityHangzhou 311300China

Reasonable nitrogen(N) application is a promising strategy for reducing crop cadmium(Cd) toxicity. However, the specific form of N and the required amount that affect Cd tolerance and accumulation in rice remain unclear. This study explored the influence of different N-fertilizer forms(NH_4NO_3, NH_4Cl, and KNO_3) and dosages on Cd tolerance and uptake in Cd-stressed N-sensitive and N-insensitive indica rice accessions. The results indicated that the Cd tolerance of N-sensitive indica accessions is more robust than that of N-insensitive ones. Furthermore, the shoot Cd content and Cd translocation rate in both N-sensitive and N-insensitive indica accessions decreased with an appropriate supply of NH_4NO_3 and NH_4Cl, whereas they were comparable or slightly increased with increased KNO_3. Unfortunately, we did not find significant and regular differences in Cd accumulation or translocation between N-sensitive and N-insensitive rice accessions. Consistent with the reduction of shoot Cd content, the addition of NH_4NO_3 and NH_4Cl also inhibited the instantaneous root Cd^(2+) uptake. The expression changes of Cd transport-related genes under different N forms and dosages suggested that the decreased shoot Cd content, caused by the increased supply of NH_4NO_3 and NH_4Cl, is likely achieved by reducing the transcription of OsNRAMP1 and OsIRT1. In summary, our findings reveal that an appropriate supply of NH_4NO_3 and NH_4Cl could reduce Cd uptake and transport in rice seedlings, suggesting that rational N management could reduce the Cd risk in rice production.

关键词： Oryza sativa cadmium nitrogen ammonium nitrate ammonium chloride

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Study on the Effect of Self-Help mindfulness Therapy on Rumination in Patients with Depression

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Journal of Clinical and Nursing Research 2024年第7期8卷 112-117页

作者： Ling jiang Sijia Mao minfang qian Lili Wang Haining Fourth People’s Hospital Jiaxing 314400Zhejiang ProvinceChina

Objective:To evaluate the nursing effect of self-help mindfulness therapy for patients with ***:120 cases of depression patients admitted to the Department of Psychosomatic Disorders of our hospital between January 2020 and January 2023 were *** being grouped by the random draw method,60 cases in the observation group adopted self-help mindfulness therapy and 60 cases in the control group adopted conventional nursing care,the nursing effects were subsequently ***:Before nursing,there was no difference in the comparison of clinical symptom scores,rumination scores,positive psychological scores,and self-esteem scores between the two groups(P>0.05).After nursing,the clinical symptom scores of the observation group were lower than those of the control group;the rumination scores were lower than those of the control group;the positive psychological scores were higher than those of the control group;and the self-esteem scores were higher than those of the control group,and all of them were statistically significant(Pmindfulness therapy can improve the clinical symptoms of patients with depression and their rumination,and enhance their positive psychological state and self-esteem level,which has high nursing advantages.

关键词： Self-help mindfulness therapy Depression Rumination thinking

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TypeⅠcritical dynamical scalarization and descalarization in Einstein-Maxwell-scalar theory

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第2期67卷 40-58页

作者： Jia-Yan jiang qian Chen Yunqi Liu Yu Tian Wei Xiong Cheng-Yong Zhang Bin Wang Department of Physics and Siyuan Laboratory Jinan UniversityGuangzhou 510632China School of Physical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Center for Gravitation and Cosmology College of Physical Science and TechnologyYangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009China Institute of Theoretical Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Physics and Optoelectronics South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510641China School of Aeronautics and Astronautics Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China

We investigated the critical dynamical scalarization and descalarization of black holes within the framework of the EinsteinMaxwell-scalar theory featuring higher-order coupling *** the critical scalarization and descalarization displayed first-order phase *** examining the nonlinear dynamics near the threshold,we always observed critical solutions that are linearly unstable static scalarized black *** critical dynamical scalarization and descalarization share certain similarities with the typeⅠcritical gravitational ***,their initial configurations,critical solutions,and final outcomes differ *** provide further insights into the dynamical results,we conducted a comparative analysis involving static solutions and perturbative analysis.

关键词： black hole(de)scalarization dynamical critical behavior attractor

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