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Comparisons of urban-related warming in Beijing using different methods to calculate the daily mean temperature

Science China Earth Sciences 2019年第4期62卷 693-702页

作者： Deming zhao jian WU CAS Key Laboratory of Regional Climate-Environment for Temperate East Asia Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences Department of Atmospheric Science Yunnan University

To evaluate the contribution of urban surface expansion to regional warming using different methods to calculate the daily mean surface air temperature(SAT), satellite-based images displaying urban surface expansion over the past 37 years(1980–2016) across China were collected for use in nested numerical experiments using the weather research and forecasting(WRF) regional climate model. The contribution of urban surface expansion to urban-related warming was determined using the daily mean SAT averages based on four time records each day(00, 06, 12, and 18 h UTC, T_4) and averages of the SAT maximum(Tmax) and minimum(Tmin)(Txn). The contribution of urban surface expansion to urban-related warming(relative value) in Beijing was 0.110°C per decade(22.8% of total warming) for T_4 and 0.094°C per decade(20.2%) for Txn. The values obtained when using T_4 were larger than those obtained when using Txn. Differences in the urban-related warming calculated using T_4 and Txncould be attributed to the smaller changing trends in Txnin the urban-surface expansion experiment, which resulted from a large changing trend in Tminand a much smaller changing trend in Tmax. The changes in the diurnal cycle of the energy budget due to urban surface expansion induced changes in the diurnal cycle of SAT, as evidenced by the four time records each day, as well as Tmaxand Tmin. This was especially true for periods of intense urban surface expansion, although the annual mean SAT calculated using Txnwas larger than that calculated using T_4. The increase in impervious area(walls, streets, etc.) due to urban surface expansion, as well as the widespread use of building materials with a large heat capacity resulted in a marked increase in ground heat flux in the daytime. This restricted the increase in SAT in the daytime, but promoted it at night. The increases in SAT due to urban surface expansion were not symmetrical, being smaller in the daytime and larger at night.

关键词： Urban surface expansion Surface air temperature Daily mean temperature Changing trend Urban-related warming

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Natural products are the treasure pool for antimalarial agents

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National Science Review 2022年第11期9卷 11-13页

作者： Bin Zhou jian-min Yue State Key Laboratory of Drug Research Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica Chinese Academy of Sciences

The history of mankind is a constant struggle against diseases, and humans have learned to use natural sources as the remedies to alleviate and/or treat diseases since prehistoric times.e structural diversity and complexity of molecules originated from natural sources are far beyond the scope of human creativity and imagination.

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Large post-liquefaction deformation of sand:Mechanisms and modeling considering water absorption in shearing and seismic wave conditions

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Underground Space 2024年第5期18卷 3-64页

作者： jian-min Zhang Rui Wang Department of Hydraulic Engineering State Key Laboratory of Hydroscience and EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Large deformation of sand due to soil liquefaction is a major cause for seismic *** this study,the mechanisms and modeling of large post-liquefaction deformation of sand considering the significant influence of water absorption in shearing and seismic wave *** of case histories from past earthquakes and review of existing studies highlight the importance of the two *** on the micro and macro scale mechanisms for post-liquefaction shear deformation,the mechanism for water absorption in shearing after initial liquefaction is *** is aided by novel designed constant water-absorption-rate shear *** absorption in shearing can be classified into three types,including partial water absorption,complete water absorption,and compulsory water *** the influence of water absorption in shearing,even a strongly dilative sand under naturally drained conditions could experience instability and large shear *** mechanism for amplification of post-liquefaction deformation under surface wave load is also explained via element tests and theoretical *** shows that surface wave–shear wave coupling can induce asymmetrical force and resistance in sand,resulting in asymmetrical accumulation of deformation,which is amplified by liquefaction.A constitutive model,referred to as CycLiq,is formulated to capture the large deformation of sand considering water absorption in shearing and seismic wave conditions,along with its numerical implementation *** model is comprehensively calibrated based on various types of element tests and validated against centrifuge shaking table tests in the liquefaction experiments and analysis projects(LEAP).The model,along with various numerical analysis methods,is adopted in the successful simulation of water absorption in shearing and Rayleigh wave-shear wave coupling induced large liquefaction ***,the model is applied to high-performance simulation fo

关键词： Liquefaction Sand Large deformation Water absorption in shearing Surface wave Rayleigh wave-shear wave coupling

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A coupled model of TiN inclusion growth in GCr15SiMn during solidification in the electroslag remelting process

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International Journal of minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2015年第12期22卷 1266-1272页

作者： Liang Yang Guo-guang Cheng Shi-jian Li min zhao Gui-ping Feng Tao Li State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy University of Science and Technology Beijing Dongbei Special Steel Group

TiN inclusions observed in an ingot produced by electroslag remelting （ESR） are extremely harmful to GCrl5SiMn steel. Therefore, accurate predictions of the growth size of these inclusions during steel solidification are significant for clean ESR ingot production. On the basis of our previous work, a coupled model of solute microsegregation and TiN inclusion growth during solidification has been established. The results demonstrate that compared to a non-coupled model, the coupled model predictions of the size of TiN inclusions are in good agreement with experimental results using scanning electron microscopy with energy disperse spectroscopy （SEM-EDS）. Because of high cooling rate, the sizes of TiN inclusions in the edge area of the ingots are relatively small compared to the sizes in the center area. During the ESR process, controlling the content of Ti in the steel is a feasible and effective method of decreasing the sizes of TiN inclusions.

关键词： coupled model solidification inclusions bearing steel electroslag remelting

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Microstructure,Properties and Heat Treatment Process of Powder Metallurgy Superalloy FGH95

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2006年第5期13卷 65-68页

作者： GUO Wei-min WU jian-tao ZHANG Feng-ge zhao ming-han High Temperature Materials Research Institute Central Iron and Steel Research Institute Beijing 100081 China

Microstructure and properties of nickel based powder metallurgy （PM） superalloy were presented. Effects of nonmetallic inclusions and heat treatment on microstructure and properties were. discussed. Development tend... 详细信息

关键词： microstructure property PM superalloy heat treatment

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Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography predicts cardiotoxicity induced by postoperative chemotherapy in breast cancer patients

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2020年第12期8卷 2542-2553页

作者： Fang Zhou Lin Niu min zhao Wei-Xing Ni jian Liu Department of Breast Surgery Key Laboratory of Clinical Cancer Pharmacology and Toxicology Research of Zhejiang ProvinceAffiliated Hangzhou First People's HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310006Zhejiang ProvinceChina Department of Ultrasound Key Laboratory of Clinical Cancer Pharmacology and Toxicology Research of Zhejiang ProvinceAffiliated Hangzhou First People's HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310006Zhejiang ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND The anthracycline chemotherapeutic drugs are *** have found some indicators related to ***,there is currently no accurate indicator that can predict cardiac toxicity *** To explore the diagnostic value of real-time three-dimensional echocardiography(RT3DE)in predicting cardiac toxicity in breast cancer patients undergoing *** Female breast cancer patients who underwent radical mastectomy and postoperative chemotherapy at the Affiliated Hanzhou First People’s Hospital,Zhejiang University School of Medicine were *** patients were routinely administered with chemotherapy for four cycles(T1-T4)after ***-dimensional(2D)echocardiography,RT3DE,and serological examinations were performed after each cycle of *** were divided into a toxic group and a non-toxic group based on whether patients hadΔleft ventricular ejection fraction>10%after one year of *** measurement analysis of variance was used to compare the changes in 2D echocardiographic indicators,serological indicators,and RT3DE indicators before independent predictive indicators for cardiac toxicity in postoperative chemotherapy *** operating characteristics(ROC)curve analysis was performed to analyze the diagnostic value of potential indicators in the diagnosis of *** A total of 107 female breast cancer patients were included in the study.T4 maximum peak velocity in early diastole(E peak)/mitral annulus lateral tissue Doppler(e'peak)(E/e'),serological indicators[T4 cardiac troponin I(cTnI)and T4 pro-brain natriuretic peptide(Pro-BNP)],T3 minimum left atrial volume(LAV),T4 LAVmin,T3 LAV before the start of the P wave(LAVprep),and T4 LAVprep in the toxicity group were significantly higher than those in the nontoxic *** logistic regression found that T4 cTnI,T4 Pro-BNP,T3 LAVmin,T4 LAVmin,T3 LAVprep,and T4 LAVprep had potential predictive value for card

关键词： Atrial volume Chemotherapy Breast cancer Cardiac toxicity Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography Anthracyclines

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Ignition-proof performance and mechanism of AZ91D-3Nd-xDy magnesium alloys at high temperatures

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China Foundry 2018年第2期15卷 97-102页

作者： Yong-yan Li Wei-min zhao jian Ding Hai-tao Xue School of Materials Science & Engineering Hebei University of Technology

This study focused on the synergistic effect of alloying elements neodymium(Nd) and dysprosium(Dy) on the ignition-proof performance of AZ91D alloy. The ignition-proof mechanism of AZ91D-3 Nd-x Dy(x = 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 and 2.5 wt.%) alloy was discussed in depth through ignition-proof testing and microstructure observation. The results showed that the AZ91D-3 Nd-2 Dy alloy exhibited the highest ignition-point of 893 K, increased by 69 K as compared to the AZ91D alloy. The ignition-proof mechanism of Nd and Dy additions lay in three aspects:(1) the formation of denser oxide film consisting of Dy_2O_3 and MgO improves the oxidation resistance of the alloy,(2) the great reduction of the low melting-point phase β-Mg_(17)Al_(12), which leads to the decrease in the oxygen diffusion channels, and(3) the newly formed high melting-point phases(Al_2Nd and Al_2Dy), which block the oxygen diffusion channels and prevent the chemical reaction of Mg and oxygen.

关键词： AZ91D Nd Dy ignition-proof high temperature

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Centrifugal Casting of High Speed Steel/Nodular Cast Iron Compound Roll Collar

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2002年第1期9卷 32-35页

作者： FU Han-guang zhao Ai-min XING jian-dong FU Ding-mei Xi'an Jiaotong University University of Science and Technology Beijing

The centrifugal casting of compound HSS/nodular cast iron roll collar was studied,and the factors affecting transition zone quality were *** pouring temperature and interval in pouring are the main factors affecting transition zone *** controlling process parameter and flux adding during casting,high quality roll collar was *** cause,why in the casting of HSS part,segregation appears easily,was analyzed and the countermeasure eliminating segregation was put forward,the measure eliminating heat treatment crackling was also put forward.

关键词： high-speed steel nodular cast iron centrifugal compound casting combining layer roll collar

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Neural stem cell therapy for brain disease

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2021年第9期13卷 1278-1292页

作者： Lan zhao jian-Wei Liu Hui-Yan Shi Ya-min Ma First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Tianjin 300381China National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion Tianjin 300381China Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Tianjin 301617China

Brain diseases, including brain tumors, neurodegenerative disorders, cerebrovasculardiseases, and traumatic brain injuries, are among the major disordersinfluencing human health, currently with no effective therapy. Due to the lowregeneration capacity of neurons, insufficient secretion of neurotrophic factors,and the aggravation of ischemia and hypoxia after nerve injury, irreversible lossof functional neurons and nerve tissue damage occurs. This damage is difficult torepair and regenerate the central nervous system after injury. Neural stem cells(NSCs) are pluripotent stem cells that only exist in the central nervous *** have good self-renewal potential and ability to differentiate into neurons,astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes and improve the cellular *** transplantation approaches have been made for various neurodegenerativedisorders based on their regenerative potential. This review summarizes anddiscusses the characteristics of NSCs, and the advantages and effects of NSCs inthe treatment of brain diseases and limitations of NSC transplantation that need tobe addressed for the treatment of brain diseases in the future.

关键词： Neural stem cell Brain disease Therapy Animal experiment Clinical trial Cellular therapy

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Multiplet-Splitting of the Quasi-Atomic-Like Core-Valence-Valence Auger Spectra of Zinc Metal

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Chinese Physics Letters 2001年第10期18卷 1415-1417页

作者： YUAN jian-min Department of Applied Physics National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha 410073

Multiplet-splitting of the quasi-atomic-like core-valence-valence (CVV) Auger spectra of zinc metal is calculated by explicitly considering the so-called hole-hole interaction in the final valence states of the Auger transition. We assume that before the Auger transition occurs, the occupied valence states relax to screen the core-hole which results in a redistribution of the valence electrons, in particular within the atom that contains a hole in the core. The supercell method is used to calculate the electronic states concerned by the Auger transition, which is accomplished by the self-consistent full-potential linearized augmented plane wave method. In each supercell, one atom is considered to have a core-hole and many others without it. Due to relaxation and screening, the valence states at the site of the Auger transition are more localized compared with those in the ground-state metal. The multiplet peaks of the quasi-atomic-like CVV Auger spectra of zinc metal are obtained by calculating the Auger transition matrix elements between the referred states.

关键词： transition. method. valence

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