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Factors affecting length of stay according to bronchopulmonary dysplasia severity:a nationwide cohort study in Korea

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第5期20卷 470-480页

作者： Hye Mi Lee Jeongmin Shin Sae Yun kim So Young kim Department of Pediatrics College of MedicineThe Catholic University of KoreaSeoulRepublic of Korea Department of Pediatrics Yeouido St.Mary’s HospitalCollege of MedicineThe Catholic University of Korea1063-roYeongdeungpo-guSeoul07345Republic of Korea

Background Longer hospitalizations for preterm infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia(BPD)delay developmental outcomes,increase the risk for hospital-acquired complications,and exert a substantial socioeconomic *** study aimed to identify factors associated with an extended length of stay(LOS)at different levels of severity of *** A cohort study was conducted using the Korean Neonatal Network registry of very low birth weight infants with BPD between 2013 and 2017 through retrospective *** A total of 4263 infants were diagnosed with *** mild BPD,infants requiring surgical treatment for patent ductus arteriosus needed a longer LOS[eadjustedβcoefficients(adjβ)1.041;95%confidence interval(CI):0.01–0.08]and hydrocephalus(eadjβ1.094;95%CI 0.01–0.17).In moderate BPD,infants administered steroids or with intraventricular hemorrhage required a longer LOS(eadjβ1.041;95%CI 0.00–0.07 and eadjβ1.271;95%CI 0.11–0.38,respectively).In severe BPD,infants with comorbidities required a longer LOS:pulmonary hypertension(eadjβ1.174;95%CI 0.09–0.23),administrated steroid for BPD(eadjβ1.116;95%CI 0.07–0.14),sepsis(eadjβ1.062;95%CI 0.01–0.11),patent ductus arteriosus requiring surgical ligation(eadjβ1.041;95%CI 0.00–0.08),and intraventricular hemorrhage(eadjβ1.016;95%CI 0.05–0.26).Additionally,the higher the clinical risk index score,the longer the LOS needed for infants in all *** The factors affecting LOS differed according to the severity of *** approaches to reducing LOS may be devised using knowledge of the various risk factors affecting LOS by BPD severity.

关键词： Bronchopulmonary dysplasia Length of stay Very low birth weight

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Restoration of the JPEG Maximum Lossy Compressed Face Images with Hourglass Block-GAN

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第3期78卷 2893-2908页

作者： Jongwook Si Sungyoung kim Department of Computer AI Convergence Engineering Kumoh National Institute of TechnologyGumi39177Korea Department of Computer Engineering Kumoh National Institute of TechnologyGumi39177Korea

In the context of high compression rates applied to Joint Photographic Experts Group(JPEG)images through lossy compression techniques,image-blocking artifacts may *** necessitates the restoration of the image to its original *** challenge lies in regenerating significantly compressed images into a state in which these become ***,this study focuses on the restoration of JPEG images subjected to substantial degradation caused by maximum lossy compression using Generative Adversarial Networks(GAN).The generator in this network is based on theU-Net *** features a newhourglass structure that preserves the characteristics of the deep *** addition,the network incorporates two loss functions to generate natural and high-quality images:Low Frequency(LF)loss and High Frequency(HF)*** loss uses a pretrained VGG-16 network and is configured using a specific layer that best represents *** can enhance the performance in the high-frequency *** contrast,LF loss is used to handle the low-frequency *** two loss functions facilitate the generation of images by the generator,which can mislead the discriminator while accurately generating high-and low-frequency ***,by removing the blocking effects frommaximum lossy compressed images,images inwhich identities could be recognized are *** study represents a significant improvement over previous research in terms of the image resolution performance.

关键词： JPEG lossy compression restoration image generation GAN

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Efficient Route Planning for Real-Time Demand-Responsive Transit

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第4期79卷 473-492页

作者： Hongle Li SeongKi kim Development Department Changseol Build SystemDaegu42601South Korea Division of Software Convergence Sangmyung UniversitySeoul03016South Korea

Demand Responsive Transit (DRT) responds to the dynamic users’ requests without any fixed routes and timetablesand determines the stop and the start according to the demands. This study explores the optimization of dynamicvehicle scheduling and real-time route planning in urban public transportation systems, with a focus on busservices. It addresses the limitations of current shared mobility routing algorithms, which are primarily designedfor simpler, single origin/destination scenarios, and do not meet the complex demands of bus transit systems. Theresearch introduces an route planning algorithm designed to dynamically accommodate passenger travel needsand enable real-time route modifications. Unlike traditional methods, this algorithm leverages a queue-based,multi-objective heuristic A∗ approach, offering a solution to the inflexibility and limited coverage of suburbanbus routes. Also, this study conducts a comparative analysis of the proposed algorithm with solutions based onGenetic Algorithm (GA) and Ant Colony Optimization Algorithm (ACO), focusing on calculation time, routelength, passenger waiting time, boarding time, and detour rate. The findings demonstrate that the proposedalgorithmsignificantly enhances route planning speed, achieving an 80–100-fold increase in efficiency over existingmodels, thereby supporting the real-time demands of Demand-Responsive Transportation (DRT) systems. Thestudy concludes that this algorithm not only optimizes route planning in bus transit but also presents a scalablesolution for improving urban mobility.

关键词： Autonomous bus route planning real-time dynamic route planning path finding DRT bus route optimization sustainable public transport

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RUFY4 deletion prevents pathological bone loss by blocking endo-lysosomal trafficking of osteoclasts

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Bone Research 2024年第2期12卷 407-420页

作者： minhee kim Jin Hee Park Miyeon Go Nawon Lee Jeongin Seo Hana Lee Doyong kim Hyunil Ha Taesoo kim Myeong Seon Jeong Suree kim Taesoo kim Han Sung kim Dongmin Kang Hyunbo Shim Soo Young Lee Department of Life Science Ewha Womans UniversitySeoul 03760South Korea The Research Center for Cellular Homeostasis Ewha Womans UniversitySeoul 03760South Korea Department of Biomedical Engineering Yonsei UniversityWonju 26493South Korea KM Convergence Research Division Korea Institute of Oriental MedicineDaejeon 34054South Korea Chuncheon Center Korea Basic Science InstituteChuncheon 24341South Korea Fluorescence Core Imaging Center and Bioimaging Data Curation Center Ewha Womans UniversitySeoul 03760South Korea Multitasking Macrophage Research Center Ewha Womans UniversitySeoul 03760South Korea

Mature osteoclasts degrade bone matrix by exocytosis of active proteases from secretory lysosomes through a ruffled ***,the molecular mechanisms underlying lysosomal trafficking and secretion in osteoclasts remain largely ***,we show with GeneChip analysis that RUN and FYVE domain-containing protein 4(RUFY4)is strongly upregulated during *** lacking Rufy4 exhibited a high trabecular bone mass phenotype with abnormalities in osteoclast function in ***,deleting Rufy4 did not affect osteoclast differentiation,but inhibited bone-resorbing activity due to disruption in the acidic maturation of secondary lysosomes,their trafficking to the membrane,and their secretion of cathepsin K into the extracellular ***,RUFY4 promotes late endosome-lysosome fusion by acting as an adaptor protein between Rab7 on late endosomes and LAMP2 on primary ***,Rufy4-deficient mice were highly protected from lipopolysaccharide-and ovariectomy-induced bone ***,RUFY4 plays as a new regulator in osteoclast activity by mediating endo-lysosomal trafficking and have a potential to be specific target for therapies against bone-loss diseases such as osteoporosis.

关键词： osteoclast inhibited traffic

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Spontaneous splenic rupture associated with scrub typhus: a case report

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2024年第1期13卷 97-97页

作者： Hong Pil Hwang Kyoung min kim Hyojin Han Jeong-Hwan Hwang Department of Surgery Jeonbuk National University Hospital Jeonbuk National University Medical School Jeonju Republic of Korea Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University Jeonju Korea Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital Jeonju Korea Department of Pathology Jeonbuk National University Hospital Jeonbuk National University Medical School Jeonju Republic of Korea Department of Internal Medicine Jeonbuk National University Hospital Jeonbuk National University Medical School Jeonju-Si Republic of Korea

Background Scrub typhus,an acute febrile disease with mild to severe,life-threatening manifestations,potentially presents with a variety of complications,including pneumonia,acute respiratory distress syndrome,cardiac arrhyth-mias(such as atrial fibrillation),myocarditis,shock,peptic ulcer,gastrointestinal bleeding,meningitis,encephalitis,and renal *** the various complications associated with scrub typhus,splenic rupture has rarely been reported,and its mechanisms are *** study reports a case of scrub typhus-related spontaneous splenic rupture and identifies possible mechanisms through the gross and histopathologic *** presentation A 78-year-old man presented to our emergency room with a 5-day history of fever and skin *** physical examination,eschar was observed on the left upper abdominal *** abdomen was not ten-der,and there was no history of *** Orientia tsutsugamushi antibody titer using the indirect immunofluo-rescent antibody test was 1:*** Day 6 of hospitalization,he complained of sudden-onset left upper abdominal quadrant pain and showed mental *** vital signs were a blood pressure of 70/40 mmHg,a heart rate pf 140 beats per min,and a respiratory rate of 20 breaths per min,with a temperature of 36.8℃.There were no signs of gastrointestinal bleeding,such as hematemesis,melena,or *** Turner's sign was suspected during an abdominal *** ultrasonography showed retroperitoneal bleeding,so an emergency exploratory laparotomy was performed,leading to a diagnosis of hemoperitoneum due to splenic rupture and a *** patient had been taking oral doxycycline(1o0 mg twice daily)for 6 days;after surgery,this was dis-continued,and intravenous azithromycin(500 mg daily)was *** arrhythmia associated with azithro-mycin was ***,renal failure with hemodialysis,persistent hyperbilirubinemia,and multiorgan failure *** patient did not recover and d

关键词： Scrub typhus Complication Splenic rupture

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Tailoring high-refractive-index nanocomposites for manufacturing of ultraviolet metasurfaces

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第2期10卷 303-310页

作者： Hyunjung Kang Dongkyo Oh Nara Jeon Joohoon kim Hongyoon kim Trevon Badloe Junsuk Rho Department of Mechanical Engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology(POSTECH)PohangRepublic of Korea Graduate School of Artificial Intelligence Pohang University of Science and Technology(POSTECH)PohangRepublic of Korea Department of Chemical Engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology(POSTECH)PohangRepublic of Korea Department of Electrical Engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology(POSTECH)PohangRepublic of Korea POSCO-POSTECH-RIST Convergence Research Center for Flat Optics and Metaphotonics PohangRepublic of Korea National Institute of Nanomaterials Technology(NINT) PohangRepublic of Korea

Nanoimprint lithography(NIL)has been utilized to address the manufacturing challenges of high cost and low throughput for optical *** overcome the limitations inherent in conventional imprint resins characterized by a low refractive index(n),high-n nanocomposites have been introduced to directly serve as ***,comprehensive research on these nanocomposites is notably *** this study,we focus on the composition of high-n zirconium dioxide(ZrO_(2))nanoparticle(NP)concentration and solvents used to produce ultraviolet(UV)metaholograms and quantify the transfer fidelity by the measured conversion *** utilization of 80 wt%ZrO_(2)NPs in MIBK,MEK,and acetone results in conversion efficiencies of 62.3%,51.4%,and 61.5%,respectively,at a wavelength of 325 *** analysis of the solvent composition and NP concentration can further enhance the manufacturing capabilities of high-n nanocomposites in NIL,enabling potential practical use of optical metasurfaces.

关键词： ultraviolet refractive nanocomposites

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Liquid crystal-integrated metasurfaces for an active photonic platform

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Opto-Electronic Advances 2024年第6期7卷 5-29页

作者： Dohyun Kang Hyeonsu Heo Younghwan Yang Junhwa Seong Hongyoon kim Joohoon kim Junsuk Rho Department of Mechanical Engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology(POSTECH)Pohang 37673Republic of Korea Department of Chemical Engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology(POSTECH)Pohang 37673Republic of Korea Department of Electrical Engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology(POSTECH)Pohang 36763Republic of Korea POSCOPOSTECH-RIST Convergence Research Center for Flat Optics and Metaphotonics Pohang 37673Republic of Korea National Institute of Nanomaterials Technology(NINT) Pohang 37673Republic of Korea

Metasurfaces have opened the door to next-generation optical devices due to their ability to dramatically modulate electromagnetic waves at will using periodically arranged ***,metasurfaces typically have static optical responses with fixed geometries of nanostructures,which poses challenges for implementing transition to technology by replacing conventional optical *** solve this problem,liquid crystals(LCs)have been actively employed for designing tunable metasurfaces using their adjustable birefringent in real ***,we review recent studies on LCpowered tunable metasurfaces,which are categorized as wavefront tuning and spectral *** to numerous reviews on tunable metasurfaces,this review intensively explores recent development of LC-integrated *** the end of this review,we briefly introduce the latest research trends on LC-powered metasurfaces and suggest further directions for improving *** hope that this review will accelerate the development of new and innovative LC-powered devices.

关键词： tunable metasurface liquid crystal active metasurface electrically tunable optical system

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Sleep Posture Classification Using RGB and Thermal Cameras Based on Deep Learning Model

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第8期140卷 1729-1755页

作者： Awais Khan Chomyong kim Jung-Yeon kim Ahsan Aziz Yunyoung Nam Department of ICT Convergence Soonchunhyang UniversityAsan31538Korea ICT Convergence Research Center Soonchunhyang UniversityAsan31538Korea Emotional and Intelligent Child Care Convergence Research Center Soonchunhyang UniversityAsan31538Korea

Sleep posture surveillance is crucial for patient comfort,yet current systems face difficulties in providing compre-hensive studies due to the obstruction caused by *** posture assessment remains challenging because of the complex nature of the human body and variations in sleep ***,this study introduces an innovative method utilizing RGB and thermal cameras for comprehensive posture classification,thereby enhancing the analysis of body position and *** method begins by capturing a dataset of sleep postures in the form of videos using RGB and thermal cameras,which depict six commonly adopted postures:supine,left log,right log,prone head,prone left,and prone *** study involves 10 participants under two conditions:with and without ***,the database is normalized into a video *** subsequent step entails training a fine-tuned,pretrained Visual Geometry Group(VGG16)and ResNet50 *** the third phase,the extracted features are utilized for *** fourth step of the proposed approach employs a serial fusion technique based on the normal distribution to merge the vectors derived from both the RGB and thermal ***,the fused vectors are passed to machine learning classifiers for final *** dataset,which includes human sleep postures used in this study’s experiments,achieved a 96.7%accuracy rate using the Quadratic Support Vector Machine(QSVM)without the ***,the Linear SVM,when utilized with a blanket,attained an accuracy of 96%.When normal distribution serial fusion was applied to the blanket features,it resulted in a remarkable average accuracy of 99%.

关键词： Human sleep posture VGG16 deep learning ResNet50 fusion machine learning

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Nuclear receptor coactivator 6 is a critical regulator of NLRP3 inflammasome activation and gouty arthritis

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2024年第3期21卷 227-244页

作者： Kang-Gu Lee Bong-Ki Hong Saseong Lee Naeun Lee Seung-Whan kim Donghyun kim Wan-Uk kim Center for Integrative Rheumatoid Transcriptomics and Dynamics The Catholic University of KoreaSeoul 06591Republic of Korea Department of Biomedicine&Health Sciences The Catholic University of KoreaSeoul 06591Republic of Korea Department of Pharmacology Asan Medical CenterUniversity of Ulsan College of MedicineSeoul 05505Republic of Korea Bio-Medical Institute of Technology University of UlsanSeoul 05505Republic of Korea Department of Microbiology and Immunology Seoul National University College of MedicineSeoul 03080Republic of Korea Institute of Infectious Diseases Seoul National University College of MedicineSeoul 03080Republic of Korea Division of Rheumatology Department of Internal MedicineThe Catholic University of KoreaSeoul 06591Republic of Korea

Transcriptional coactivators regulate the rate of gene expression in the *** receptor coactivator 6(NCOA6),a coactivator,has been implicated in embryonic development,metabolism,and cancer pathogenesis,but its role in innate immunity and inflammatory diseases remains ***,we demonstrated that NCOA6 was expressed in monocytes and macrophages and that its level was increased under proinflammatory ***,nuclear NCOA6 was found to translocate to the cytoplasm in activated monocytes and then become incorporated into the inflammasome with NLRP3 and ASC,forming cytoplasmic ***,NCOA6 associated with the ATP hydrolysis motifs in the NACHT domain of NLRP3,promoting the oligomerization of NLRP3 and ASC and thereby instigating the production of IL-1βand active *** note,Ncoa6 deficiency markedly inhibited NLRP3 hyperactivation caused by the Nlrp3^(R258W) gain-of-function mutation in *** ablation of Ncoa6 substantially attenuated the severity of two NLRP3-dependent diseases,folic-induced acute tubular necrosis and crystal-induced arthritis,in *** with these findings,NCOA6 was highly expressed in macrophages derived from gout patients,and NCOA6-positive macrophages were significantly enriched in gout macrophages according to the transcriptome profiling ***,NCOA6 is a critical regulator of NLRP3 inflammasome activation and is therefore a promising target for NLRP3-dependent diseases,including gout.

关键词： Nuclear receptor coactivator 6 Nuclear-to-cytoplasmic translocation NLRP3 inflammasome NACHT domain Gouty arthritis

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Electrochemical biosensors for point-of-care testing

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Bio-Design and Manufacturing 2024年第4期7卷 548-565页

作者： Jinsol kim Juho Jeong Seung Hwan Ko Department of Mechanical Engineering Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Republic of Korea Institute of Advanced Machinery and Design(SNU-IAMD) Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Republic of Korea

Point-of-care testing(POCT)is the practice of diagnosing and monitoring diseases where the patient is located,as opposed to traditional treatment conducted solely in a medical laboratory or other clinical *** has been less common in the recent past due to a lack of portable medical devices capable of facilitating effective medical ***,recent growth has occurred in this field due to advances in diagnostic technologies,device miniaturization,and progress in wearable *** these developments,electrochemical sensors have attracted interest in the POCT field due to their high sensitivity,compact size,and *** are used in various applications,from disease diagnosis to health status *** this paper we explore recent advancements in electrochemical sensors,the methods of fabricating them,and the various types of sensing mechanisms that can be ***,we delve into methods for immobilizing specific biorecognition elements,including enzymes,antibodies,and aptamers,onto electrode surfaces and how these sensors are used in real-world POCT settings.

关键词： Point-of-care testing(POCT) Electrochemical sensor Enzyme Antibody Health care

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