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Methane Emission from Rice Fields:Necessity for Molecular Approach for Mitigation

Rice science 2024年第2期31卷 159-178页

作者： Sujeevan RAJENDRAN Hyeonseo PARK Jiyoung kim Soon Ju PARK Dongjin SHIN Jong-Hee LEE Young Hun SONG Nam-Chon PAEK chul min kim Department of Horticulture Industry Wonkwang UniversityIksan 54538Korea Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center Gyeongsang National UniversityJinju 52828Korea Department of Southern Area Crop Science National Institute of Crop ScienceMiryang 50424Korea Department of Agricultural Biotechnology Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Korea Department of Plant Science Plant Genomics and Breeding InstituteResearch Institute of Agriculture and Life SciencesSeoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Korea

Anthropogenic methane emissions are a leading cause of the increase in global averagetemperatures,often referred to as global *** soils play a significant role in methaneproduction,where the anaerobic conditions promote the production of methane by *** fields contribute a considerable portion of agricultural methane emissions,as riceplants provide both factors that enhance and limit methane *** plants harbor both methaneproducingand methane-oxidizing *** from rice roots provide source for methaneproduction,while oxygen delivered from the root aerenchyma enhances methane *** haveshown that the diversity of these microorganisms depends on rice cultivars with some genes characterizedas harboring specific groups of microorganisms related to methane ***,there is still aneed for research to determine the balance between methane production and oxidation,as rice plantspossess the ability to regulate net methane *** agronomical practices,such as fertilizerand water management,have been employed to mitigate methane ***,studiescorrelating agronomic and chemical management of methane with productivity are ***,evidences for breeding low-methane-emitting rice varieties are scattered largely due to the absence ofcoordinated breeding *** has indicated that phenotypic characteristics,such as rootbiomass,shoot architecture,and aerenchyma,are highly correlated with methane *** reviewdiscusses available studies that involve the correlation between plant characteristics and *** emphasizes the necessity and importance of breeding low-methane-emitting rice varieties inaddition to existing agronomic,biological,and chemical *** review also delves into the idealphenotypic and physiological characteristics of low-methane-emitting rice and potential breeding techniques,drawing from studies conducted

关键词： methane emission rice breeding aerenchyma greenhouse gas radial oxygen loss

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1.45 GPa ultrastrong cryogenic strength with superior impact toughness in the in-situ nano oxide reinforced CrMnFeCoNi high-entropy alloy matrix nanocomposite manufactured by laser powder bed fusion

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2022年第2期97卷 10-19页

作者： Young-Kyun kim min-chul kim Kee-Ahn Lee Department of Materials Science and Engineering Inha UniversityIncheon 22212Republic of Korea Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute(KAERI) Daejeon 34057Republic of Korea

CrMnFeCoNi high-entropy alloys(HEAs)exhibit an excellent combination of tensile strength and ductility at cryogenic *** study led to the introduction of a new method for the development of high-performance CrMnFeCoNi HEAs at cryogenic temperatures by jointly utilizing additive manufacturing(AM)and the addition of interstitial *** interstitial oxygen present in the powder feedstock was transformed into beneficial nano-sized oxides during AM *** HEA nanocomposite fabricated using laser powder bed fusion(L-PBF)not only contains heterogeneous grains and substructures but also a high number density of nano-sized *** tensile results revealed that the L-PBF HEA nanocomposite has superior yield strengths of 0.77 GPa and 1.15 GPa,and tensile strengths of 0.92 GPa and 1.45 GPa at 298 K and 77 K,*** addition,the Charpy impact energies of the samples tested at 298 K and 77 K were measured as 176.2 J and 103.7 J,*** results indicate that the L-PBF HEA nanocomposite successfully overcomes the well-known strength-toughness *** tensile deformation microstructure contained a relatively large number of deformation twins(DTs)at cryogenic temperature,a possible consequence of the decrease in the stacking fault energy with decreasing *** the other hand,cracks were found to propagate along the grain boundaries at room temperature,whereas a transgranular crack was observed at cryogenic temperature in the specimens fractured as a result of the Charpy impact.

关键词： Laser powder bed fusion High-entropy alloy matrix nanocomposite Nano-oxide:cryogenic Tensile Impact toughness

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Anomaly Detection in Imbalanced Encrypted Traffic with Few Packet Metadata-Based Feature Extraction

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第10期141卷 585-607页

作者： min-Gyu kim Hwankuk kim Department of Financial Information Security Kookmin UniversitySeoul02707Republic of Korea Department of Information Security Cryptography Mathematics Kookmin UniversitySeoul02707Republic of Korea

In the IoT(Internet of Things)domain,the increased use of encryption protocols such as SSL/TLS,VPN(Virtual Private Network),and Tor has led to a rise in attacks leveraging encrypted *** research on anomaly detection using AI(Artificial Intelligence)is actively progressing,the encrypted nature of the data poses challenges for labeling,resulting in data imbalance and biased feature extraction toward specific *** study proposes a reconstruction error-based anomaly detection method using an autoencoder(AE)that utilizes packet metadata excluding specific node *** proposed method omits biased packet metadata such as IP and Port and trains the detection model using only normal data,leveraging a small amount of packet *** makes it well-suited for direct application in IoT environments due to its low resource *** experiments comparing feature extraction methods for AE-based anomaly detection,we found that using flowbased features significantly improves accuracy,precision,F1 score,and AUC(Area Under the Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve)score compared to packet-based ***,for flow-based features,the proposed method showed a 30.17%increase in F1 score and improved false positive rates compared to Isolation Forest and ***,the proposedmethod demonstrated a 32.43%higherAUCwhen using packet features and a 111.39%higher AUC when using flow features,compared to previously proposed oversampling *** study highlights the impact of feature extraction methods on attack detection in imbalanced,encrypted traffic environments and emphasizes that the one-class method using AE is more effective for attack detection and reducing false positives compared to traditional oversampling methods.

关键词： One-class anomaly detection feature extraction auto-encoder encrypted traffic CICIoT2023

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Lipid phosphorylation by a diacylglycerol kinase suppresses ABA biosynthesis to regulate plant stress responses

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Molecular Plant 2024年第2期17卷 342-358页

作者： Jianwu Li Shuaibing Yao Sang-chul kim Xuemin Wang Department of Biology University of Missouri-St.LouisSt.LouisMO 63121USA Donald Danforth Plant Science Center St.LouisMO 63132USA

Lipid phosphorylation by diacylglycerol kinase(DGK)that produces phosphatidic acid(PA)plays important roles in various biological processes,including stress responses,but the underlying mechanisms remain ***,we show that DGK5 and its lipid product PA suppress ABA biosynthesis by interacting withABA-DEFICIENT2(ABA2),a key ABA biosynthesis enzyme,to negatively modulate plant responseto abiotic stress tested in Arabidopsis *** of DGK5 function rendered plants less damaged,whereas overexpression(OE)of DGK5 enhanced plant damage to water and salt *** dgk5 mutant plants exhibited decreased total cellular and nuclear levels of PA with increased levels of diacylglycerol,whereas DGK5-OE plants displayed the opposite ***,we found that both DGK5 and PA bind to the ABA-synthesizing enzyme ABA2 and suppress its enzymatic ***,the dgk5 mutant plants exhibited increased levels of ABA,while DGK5-OE plants showed reduced ABA *** addition,we showed that both DGK5 and ABA2 are detected in and outside the nuclei,and loss of DGK5 function decreased the nuclear association of *** found that both DGK5 activity and PA promote nuclear association of *** together,these results indicate that both DGK5 and PA interact with ABA2 to inhibit its enzymatic activity and promote its nuclear sequestration,thereby sup-pressing ABA production in response to abiotic *** study reveals a sophisticated mechanism by which DGK5 and PA regulate plant stress responses.

关键词： diacylglycerol kinase phosphatidic acid diacylglycerol lipid signaling stress responses lipid-protein binding protein-protein interaction Arabidopsis

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Calcium and Calmodulin-Mediated Regulation of Gene Expression in Plants

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Molecular Plant 2009年第1期2卷 13-21页

作者： min chul kim Woo Sik Chung Dae-Jin Yun Moo Je Cho Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Program) Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center and Environmental Biotechnology National Core Research Center Gyeongsang National University Jinju 660-701 Korea

Sessile plants have developed a very delicate system to sense diverse kinds of endogenous developmental cues and exogenous environmental stimuli by using a simple Ca^2＋ ion. Calmodulin （CAM） is the predominant Ca^2＋ sensor and plays a crucial role in decoding the Ca^2＋ signatures into proper cellular responses in various cellular compartments in eukaryotes. A growing body of evidence points to the importance of Ca^2＋ and CaM in the regulation of the transcriptional process during plant responses to endogenous and exogenous stimuli. Here, we review recent progress in the identification of transcriptional regulators modulated by Ca^2＋ and CaM and in the assessment of their functional significance during plant signal transduction in response to biotic and abiotic stresses and developmental cues.

关键词： Abiotic/environmental stress calcium signaling/transport gene expression.

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Weighted Forwarding in Graph Convolution Networks for Recommendation Information Systems

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第2期78卷 1897-1914页

作者： Sang-min Lee Namgi kim Department of Computer Science Kyonggi UniversitySuwonKorea

Recommendation Information Systems(RIS)are pivotal in helping users in swiftly locating desired content from the vast amount of information available on the *** Convolution Network(GCN)algorithms have been employed to implement the RIS ***,the GCN algorithm faces limitations in terms of performance enhancement owing to the due to the embedding value-vanishing problem that occurs during the learning *** address this issue,we propose a Weighted Forwarding method using the GCN(WF-GCN)*** proposed method involves multiplying the embedding results with different weights for each hop layer during graph *** applying the WF-GCN algorithm,which adjusts weights for each hop layer before forwarding to the next,nodes with many neighbors achieve higher embedding *** approach facilitates the learning of more hop layers within the GCN *** efficacy of the WF-GCN was demonstrated through its application to various *** the MovieLens dataset,the implementation of WF-GCN in LightGCN resulted in significant performance improvements,with recall and NDCG increasing by up to+163.64%and+132.04%,***,in the *** dataset,LightGCN using WF-GCN enhanced with WF-GCN showed substantial improvements,with the recall and NDCG metrics rising by up to+174.40%and+169.95%,***,the application of WF-GCN to Self-supervised Graph Learning(SGL)and Simple Graph Contrastive Learning(SimGCL)also demonstrated notable enhancements in both recall and NDCG across these datasets.

关键词： Deep learning graph neural network graph convolution network graph convolution network model learning method recommender information systems

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Intelligent structured nanocomposite adhesive for bioelectronics and soft robots

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Nano Research 2024年第2期17卷 534-549页

作者： Yeon Soo Lee min-Seok kim Da Wan kim Changhyun Pang School of Chemical Engineering Sungkyunkwan University(SKKU)Suwon 16419Republic of Korea Mechanical Metrology Group Korea Research Institute of Standards and ScienceDaejeon 34113Republic of Korea Department of Electronic Engineering Korea National University of TransportationChungbuk 27469Republic of Korea Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology Sungkyunkwan University(SKKU)Suwon 16419Republic of Korea

The remarkable functionality of biological systems in detecting and adapting to various environmental conditions has inspired the design of the latest electronics and robots with advanced *** review focuses on intelligent bio-inspired strategies for developing soft bioelectronics and robotics that can accommodate nanocomposite adhesives and integrate them into biological *** underlying principles of the material and structural design of nanocomposite adhesives were investigated for practical applications with excellent functionalities,such as soft skin-attachable health care sensors,highly stretchable adhesive electrodes,switchable adhesion,and untethered soft *** addition,we have discussed recent progress in the development of effective fabrication methods for micro/nanostructures for integration into devices,presenting the current challenges and prospects.

关键词： biomimetics bio-adhesive switchable adhesion bioelectronics nanocomposite soft robotics

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Ethyl acetate fraction of Sargassum pallidum extract attenuates particulate matter-induced oxidative stress and inflammation in keratinocytes and zebrafish

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2024年第4期14卷 137-146页

作者： Wook chul kim Ji-Won Park Bohyun Yun WonWoo Lee Kyung-min Choi Seung-Hong Lee Department of Medical Science Soonchunhyang UniversityAsan 31538Republic of Korea Honam National Institute of Biological Resources 99Gohadoan-gilMokpo-siJeollanam-do 58762Republic of Korea Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering Soonchunhyang UniversityAsan 31538Republic of Korea

Objective:To evaluate the effect of the ethyl acetate fraction derived from Sargassum pallidum extract against particulate matter(PM)-induced oxidative stress and inflammation in HaCaT cells and ***:HaCaT cells and zebrafish were used to evaluate the protective effects of the ethyl acetate fraction of Sargassum pallidum extract against PM-induced oxidative stress and *** production of nitric oxide(NO),intracellular ROS,prostaglandin E_(2)(PGE_(2)),and pro-inflammatory cytokines,and the expression levels of COX-2,iNOS,and NF-κB were evaluated in PM-induced HaCaT ***,the levels of ROS,NO,and lipid peroxidation were assessed in the PM-exposed zebrafish ***:The ethyl acetate fraction of Sargassum pallidum extract significantly decreased the production of NO,intracellular ROS,and PGE_(2) in PM-induced HaCaT *** addition,the fraction markedly suppressed the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and inhibited the expression levels of COX-2,iNOS,and NF-κ***,it displayed remarkable protective effects against PM-induced inflammatory response and oxidative stress,represented by the reduction of NO,ROS,and lipid peroxidation in ***:The ethyl acetate fraction of Sargassum pallidum extract exhibits a protective effect against PM-induced oxidative stress and inflammation both in vitro and in vivo and has the potential as a candidate for the development of pharmaceutical and cosmeceutical products.

关键词： Particulate matter Inflammation Oxidative stress Sargassum pallidum Ethyl acetate fraction Zebrafish

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Soleus arthrogenic muscle inhibition following acute lateral ankle sprain correlates with symptoms and ankle disability but not with postural control

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第4期13卷 559-568,F0003页

作者： Kyung-min kim Joo-Sung kim Alan R.Needle Department of Sport Science Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwon-si 16419Republic of Korea Department of Health and Human Performance Texas State UniversitySan MarcosTX 78666USA Department of Public Health&Exercise Science Appalachian State UniversityBooneNC 28608USA Department of Rehabilitation Science Appalachian State UniversityBooneNC 28608USA

Background:Acute lateral ankle sprains(ALAS)are associated with long-term impairments and instability tied to altered neural *** muscle inhibition(AMI)has been observed in this population;however,relationships with injury-related impairments are unclear,potentially due to the resting,prone position in which AMI is typically *** AMI during bipedal stance may provide a better understanding of this ***:AMI was assessed in 38 young adults(19 ALAS within 72 h of injury:10 males,21.4±2.7 years;19 healthy controls:10 males,21.9±2.2 years;mean±SD)using the Hoffmann reflex(H-reflex)during bipedal *** stimulation was administered to identify the _(max)imal H-reflex(H_(max))and _(max)imal motor response(M_(max))from the soleus,fibularis longus,and tibialis anterior *** primary outcome measure was the H_(max)/M_(max) *** outcomes included acute symptoms(pain and swelling),postural control during bipedal stance,and self-reported ***:No significant group-by-limb interactions were observed for any ***,a significant group main effect was observed in the soleus muscle(F(1,35)=6.82,p=0.013),indicating significantly lower H_(max)/M_(max) ratios following ALAS(0.38±0.20)compared to healthy controls(0.53±0.16).Furthermore,lower H_(max)/M_(max) ratios in the soleus significantly correlated with acute symptoms and self-reported function but not with postural ***:This study supports previous evidence of AMI in patients with ALAS,providing insight into neurophysiologic impacts of musculoskeletal *** results suggest that assessing AMI in a standing position following acute injury may provide valuable insight into how AMI develops and guide potential therapeutic options to curb and offset the formation of joint instability.

关键词： Acute injuries Balance Hoffmann reflex Neural excitability Patient-reported outcomes

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Construction of a High‑Performance Composite Solid Electrolyte Through In‑Situ Polymerization within a Self‑Supported Porous Garnet Framework

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第5期16卷 56-70页

作者： An‑Giang Nguyen min‑Ho Lee Jaekook kim Chan‑Jin Park Department of Materials Science and Engineering Chonnam National University77 Yongbong‑roBuk‑guGwangju 61186South Korea

Composite solid electrolytes(CSEs)have emerged as promising candidates for safe and high-energy–density solid-state lithium metal batteries(SSLMBs).However,concurrently achieving exceptional ionic conductivity and interface compatibility between the electrolyte and electrode presents a significant challenge in the development of high-performance CSEs for *** overcome these challenges,we present a method involving the in-situ polymerization of a monomer within a self-supported porous Li_(6.4)La_(3)Zr_(1.4)Ta_(0.6)O_(12)(LLZT)to produce the *** synergy of the continuous conductive LLZT network,well-organized polymer,and their interface can enhance the ionic conductivity of the CSE at room ***,the in-situ polymerization process can also con-struct the integration and compatibility of the solid electrolyte–solid electrode *** synthesized CSE exhibited a high ionic conductivity of 1.117 mS cm^(-1),a significant lithium transference number of 0.627,and exhibited electrochemical stability up to 5.06 V ***/Li+at 30℃.Moreover,the Li|CSE|LiNi_(0.8)Co_(0.1)Mn_(0.1)O_(2) cell delivered a discharge capacity of 105.1 mAh g^(-1) after 400 cycles at 0.5 C and 30℃,corresponding to a capacity retention of 61%.This methodology could be extended to a variety of ceramic,polymer electrolytes,or battery systems,thereby offering a viable strategy to improve the electrochemical properties of CSEs for high-energy–density SSLMBs.

关键词： Scalable tape-casting method Self-supported porous Li_(6.4)La_(3)Zr_(1.4)Ta_(0.6)O_(12) Composite solid electrolyte LiF-and B-rich interphase layers

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