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Role of Jun amino-terminal kinase （JNK） in apoptosis of cavernosal tissue during acute phase after cavernosal nerve injury

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2018年第1期20卷 50-55页

作者： Won Hoon Song Hwancheol Son Soo Woong Kim Jae-Seung Paick min chul cho Department of Urology Seoul National University College of Medicine Seou103080 Korea Department of Urology Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center Seeu107061 Korea

The present study aimed to identify which mitogen-activated protein kinase （p38 or Jun amino-terminal kinase [JNK]） was involved in cavernosal apoptosis during the acute phase after cavernosal nerve crush injury （CNCI） in rats to ameliorate apoptosis of cavernosal tissue, such as smooth muscle （SM）. A total of twenty 10-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided equally into two groups： sham surgery （S） and CNCI （I）. The I group approximated the clinical situation of men undergoing radical prostatectomy using two 60-second compressions of both CNs with a microsurgical vascular clamp. At 2-week postinjury, erectile response was assessed using electrostimulation. Penile tissues were harvested for immunohistochemistry analysis of alpha-SM actin （（x-SMA）, western blot analysis, and double immunofluorescence analysis of （x-SMA and phosphorylated p38 or JNK, as well as double immunofluorescent of TUNEL and phosphorylated p38 or JNK. At 2-week postinjury, the I group had a significantly lower intracavernous pressure （ICP）/mean arterial pressure （MAP） and a lower area under the curve （AUC）/MAP than the S group. The I group also exhibited decreased immunohistochemical staining of α-SMA, an increase in the number of SM cells positive for phosphorylated JNK, an increased number of apoptotic cells positive for phosphorylated JNK, and increased JNK phosphorylation compared with the S group. However, there was no significant difference in p38 phosphorylation expression or the number of SM cells positive for phosphorylated p38 between the two groups. In conclusion, our data suggest that JNK, not p38, is involved in cavernosal apoptosis during the acute phase after partial CN damage.

关键词： apoptosis erectile dysfunction Jun amino-terminal kinase mitogen-activated protein kinases p38 penis prostatectomy

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Treatment satisfaction after I year high-power potassiumtitanyl-phosphate photoselective vaporization of the prostate

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2010年第5期12卷 728-734页

作者： Ja Hyeon Ku min chul cho Hyeong Seok Kim Jae-Seung Paick Soo Woong Kim Department of Urology Seoul National University Hospital Seoul 100-744 Korea

To investigate the factors that influence treatment satisfaction after high-power potassium-titanyl-phosphate （KTP） laser vaporization of the prostate, we compared the characteristics between patients who were satisfied and those who were not satisfied. In all, 97 patients aged between 53-82 years （median age 67 years） underwent high-power KTP laser vaporization of the prostate for lower urinary tract symptoms due to benign prostatic hyperplasia. At 12 months postoperatively, 60 patients were satisfied with the treatment, whereas 37 were dissatisfied. Although there were no differences in International Prostate Symptom Score （IPSS） values at baseline, the satisfied group scored better in total IPSS at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively （P 〈 0.05）. At baseline, the maximum flow rate （Qmax） was lower in the dissatisfied group and remained low throughout the follow-up period, with the exception of 1 month postoperatively （P 〈 0.05）, compared with the satisfied group. There were no differences in other objective data between the two groups, including post-void residual and the number of voids based on the frequency-volume charts. In a multivariate model, a higher bladder contractility index was associated with a greater likelihood of treatment satisfaction 12 months after high-power KTP laser vaporization （odds ratio 1.024, 95% confidence interval 1.001-1.048, P 〈 0.05）. Patients who were not satisfied following the surgery had a smaller improvement in subjective symptoms and Qmax. In addition, our findings suggest that the relative risk of treatment dissatisfaction following high-power KTP laser vaporization was increased in patients with weak detrusor contractility.

关键词： benign prostatic hyperplasia potassium-titanyl-phosphate prostate satisfaction vaporization

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Patient-reported ejaculatory function and satisfaction in men with lower urinary tract symptoms/benign prostatic hyperplasia

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2018年第1期20卷 69-74页

作者： min chul cho Jung Kwon Kim Sang Hoon Song Sung Yong cho Sang Wook Lee Soo Woong Kim Jae-Seung Paick Department of Urology Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center Seou107061 Korea Department of Urology Seoul National University College of Medicine Seoul 03080 Korea Department of Urology Asan Medical Center Seou105505 Korea Department of Urology Kangwon National University College of Medicine Chuncheon 24289 Korea

This study aimed to investigate perceived ejaculatory function/satisfaction before treatment for lower urinary tract symptoms （LUTS）/benign prostatic hyperplasia （BPH） and to identify associations between specific categories of ejaculatory dysfunctions （EjDs） and LUTS. A total of 1574 treatment-naive men with LUTS/BPH were included in this study. All patients underwent routine evaluation for LUTS/BPH including the International Index of Erectile Function and a 5-item questionnaire developed to assess ejaculatory volume/force/pain/satisfaction/latency time. Patients who had sexual intercourse over the past 4 weeks were classified as sexually active group. A total of 783 patients were categorized as sexually active group. Decreased ejaculatory volume and force were reported by 53.4% and 55.7% of 783 sexually active men, respectively, There was a strong correlation between ejaculatory volume and force. Ejaculatory pain/discomfort, premature ejaculation （PE）, and delayed ejaculation （DE） were reported in 41,0%, 16.3%, and 41.4% of the patients, respectively. Over 40.0% of men without decreased ejaculation volume/force were satisfied with ejaculatory function, whereas approximately 6.0% of men with decreased volume/force were satisfied with ejaculatory function. About 30.0% of men with decreased volume/force had orgasmic dysfunction, while approximately 10.0% of men without decreased volume/force did. Decreased ejaculatory volume or force was associated with LUTS severity after adjusting for other influential factors including testosterone level, erectile function, and prostate size on ultrasonography, but PE or DE or ejaculatory pain/discomfort was not. In conclusion, a considerable portion of men with LUTS/BPH appear to have a variety of EjDs. Ejaculatory volume/force and satisfaction/orgasm do not always appear to be concordant. Ejaculatory volume or force is independently associated with LUTS severity, whereas PE or DE or ejaculatory pain/discomfort is not.

关键词： dysfunction ejaculation lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) satisfaction

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Role of inhibiting LIM-kinase2 in improving erectile function through suppression of corporal fibrosis in a rat model of cavernous nerve injury

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2018年第4期20卷 372-378页

作者： Juhyun Park Sung Yong cho Kwanjin Park Ji Sun Chai Hwancheol Son Soo Woong Kim Jae-Seung Paick min chul cho Department of Urology Seoul National University College of Medicine SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center Seoul 03080 Korea Department of Urology Seoul Nationa University College of Medicine Seoul National University Hospital Seoul 07061 Korea

We evaluated whether LIM-kinase 2 inhibitor （LIMK2i） could improve erectile function by suppressing corporal fibrosis through the normalization of the Rho-associated coiled-coil protein kinase 1 （ROCK1）/LIMK2/Cofilin pathway in a rat model of cavernous nerve crush injury （CNCl）. Sixty 11-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided equally into five groups： sham surgery （S）, CNCl （I）, and CNCl treated with low-dose （L）, medium-dose （M）, and high-dose （H） LIMK2i. The L, M, and H groups were treated with a daily intraperitoneal injection of LIMK2i （2.5, 5.0, and 10.0 mg kg-1 body weight, respectively） for 1 week after surgery. The erectile response was assessed using electrostimulation at 1 week, postoperatively. Penile tissues were processed for Masson＇s trichrome staining, double immunofluorescence, and Western blot assay. Erectile responses in the H group improved compared with the I group, while the M group showed only partial improvement. A significantly decreased smooth muscle/collagen ratio and an increased content of fibroblasts positive for phospho-/IMK2 were noted in the I group. The M and H groups revealed significant improvements in histological alterations and the dysregulated LIMK2/Cofilin pathway, except for LIMK2 phosphorylation in the M group. The inhibition of LIMK2 did not affect the ROCK1 protein expression. The content of fibroblasts positive for phospho-LIMK2 in the H group returned to the level found in the S group, whereas it did not in the M group. However, the L group did not exhibit such improvements. Our data suggest that the inhibition of LIMK2, particularly with administration of 10.0 mg kg^-1 body weight LIMK2i, can improve corporal fibrosis and erectile function by normalizing the LIMK2/Cofilin pathway.

关键词： erectile dysfunction fibrosis LIM kinase penis prostatectomy

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Dynamic simulation of universal spacer in Dynesys dynamic stabilization system for human vertebra

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中国有色金属学会会刊：英文版 2009年第B09期19卷 238-242页

作者： Sung-min KIM In-chul YANG Seung-Yeol LEE Sung-Youn cho Department of Medical Bio Engineering College of BiosystemDongguk University Research Institute of Biotechnology Dongguk University Department of Advanced Technology Fusion Graduate SchoolKonkuk University Research and Development Center U& I Corporation

The aim of this study is to analyze the simulated behavior of universal spacer in Dynesys dynamic stabilization system inserted in human vertebra. Dynesys, so-called "Dynamic neutralization system for the spine", dynamic stabilization system is a new concept in the surgical treatment of lower back pain recently. Universal spacer used as flexible material is to stabilize the spine and the material property of universal spacer is polycarbonate urethane. Universal spacer may apply different kinematic behaviors at implanted level in vertebra. Spinal range of motion(SROM) of inter-vertebra with installed Dynesys dynamic stabilization system was studied using Adams+LifeMOD as simulation software package. The vertebra model was set up to closely resemble the in-vivo conditions. Inter-vertebra rotations were measured by post processor of Adams and compared with the intact values. SROMs of the flexion, extension, lateral bending, and axial rotation of human virtual models were measured, where three spinal fixation systems such as rigid system, Dynesys system, and fused system were installed. As a result, the value of SROM is decreased in flexion-extension and lateral bending when the spinal fixation system is implanted. The movement of Dynesys system is similar to that of intact model by allowing the movement of lumbar. This means that the Dynesys system is proved to be safe and effective in the treatment of unstable spinal condition.

关键词：稳定系统动态模拟间隔人类脊椎聚碳酸酯聚氨酯运动行为旋转模型

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Effects of H_2/CO/CH_4 syngas composition variation on the NO_x and CO emission characteristics in a partially-premixed gas turbine combustor

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2016年第12期59卷 1804-1813页

作者： Lee min chul Department of Safety Engineering College of EngineeringFire Disaster Prevention Research CenterIncheon National University

This paper reports the effects of variations in the fuel composition of H_2/CO/CH_4 syngas on the characteristics of NO_x and CO emissions in a partially-premixed gas turbine combustor. Combustion tests were conducted on a full range of fuel compositions by varying each component gas from 0% to 100% at heat inputs of 40 and 50 k Wth. Flame temperature, combustor liner temperature, ignition delay time, and flame structure were investigated computationally and experimentally to judge whether they are significant indicators of NO_x and CO formation. The characteristics of and reasons for NO_x and CO emissions were investigated by analyzing the emission mechanisms and relationships among fuel property, equivalence ratio, flame temperature, liner temperature, flame shape. The flame structures were investigated using the following flame visualization methods:(1) time-averaged OH* chemiluminescence and its Abel-deconvolution;(2) direct photography; and(3) instantaneous OH-PLIF. The flame structures were greatly changed by the fuel composition and heat input, and they were subjected to key affecting parameters of the temperatures of the flames and the liners. NO_x and CO emissions also largely varied according to fuel composition and heat input, showing neither linearly nor exponentially clear proportional trends toward the syngas compositions because of the singular conditions. For example, only the 100% CO flame at low load emitted lots of CO, whereas complete combustion was observed in other cases. However, the qualitative observations showed that the root causes of NO_x emission behaviors were flame temperature and flame structure, which were directly related to the residence time in the flame. Various sets of practical test results were obtained, and these results could contribute to the optimal selection of the fuel-feeding condition when fuel is changed from natural gas to syngas in order to minimize NO_x and CO emissions with stable combustion.

关键词： gas turbine combustor NO_x and CO emission synthetic gas OH* chemiluminescence planar laser induced fluorescence

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Influence of different nitrogen application on flour properties,gluten properties by HPLC and end-use quality of Korean wheat

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2018年第5期17卷 982-993页

作者： Seong-Woo cho chon-Sik Kang Taek-Gyu Kang Kwang-min cho chul Soo Park Department of Crop Science and Biotechnology Chonbuk National University National Institute of Crop Science Rural Development Administration Research Center of Bioactive Materials Chonbuk National University

This study was performed to identify how the different levels of nitrogen application affected the variances of gluten properties and end-use qualities and the differences of variances among Korean wheat cultivars. Protein and dry gluten content, SDS sedimentation volume and water absorption of Mixolab increased as nitrogen application increased. This ratio of the increase was higher in Korean wheat cultivars for bread than in Korean wheat cultivars for noodles and cookies. The proportion of（α＋β）-gliadin measured by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography（RP-HPLC） increased, but the proportion of ω-and γ-gliadin decreased as the protein content increased. The Korean wheat cultivars for bread showed a high proportion of（α＋β）-gliadin increase, the Korean cultivars for noodles had a high proportion of γ-gliadin decrease and the Korean wheat cultivars for cookies had a high proportion of ω-gliadin decrease. However, there was no variation of the component in the proportion of glutenin component measured by RP-HPLC, even though the protein content was increased, but all of the protein fractions measured by size exclusion（SE）-HPLC were increased. The soluble monomeric protein showed a high proportion of Korean wheat cultivars for bread by the increase of protein content. Bread loaf volume increased by the increase of protein content but there were no variances in the ratio of increase among Korean wheat cultivars. The cookie diameter decreased with the increase of protein content, and this ratio of decrease was the highest in Korean wheat cultivars for cookies. The hardness of cooked noodles also increased by the increase of protein content but there were no variations in springiness and cohesiveness. The decrease proportion of ω-gliadin affected the increase of bread loaf volume, the hardness of cooked noodles, and the decrease of cookie diameter.

关键词： wheat gluten end-use quality cultivar nitrogen application

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Influence of protein characteristics and the proportion of gluten on end-use quality in Korean wheat cultivars

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2018年第8期17卷 1706-1719页

作者： Seong-Woo cho chon-Sik Kang Hyeon Seok Ko Byung-Kee Baik Kwang-min cho chul Soo Park Department of Crop Science & Biotechnology Chonbuk National University National Institute of Crop Science Rural Development Administration Farm & Agribusiness Management Division Rural Development Administration USDA-ARS CSWQRU Soft Wheat Quality Laboratory Research Center of Bioactive Materials Chonbuk National University

The effects of protein characteristics and the proportion of gluten on end-use quality in 13 Korean wheat cultivars for three years were verified in this study. Year, cultivar, and the interaction between the year and the cultivar influenced protein characteristics, the proportion of gluten except for γ-and ω-gliadin using RP-HPLC(reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography), and end-use quality. Protein characteristics and the proportion of gluten in Korean wheat cultivars were between those of Australian standard white(ASW) and hard wheat(AH). Korean wheat cultivars exhibited a higher average α+β gliadin proportion than imported wheat, a γ-gliadin proportion similar to that of dark northern spring wheat, and the same ω-gliadin proportion as AH. They showed a bread-loaf volume intermediate between those of ASW and AH and a texture of cooked noodles similar to that of soft white wheat, but less springiness than imported wheat. The cookie diameter of Korean wheat cultivars was similar to that of hard red winter wheat. There was a correlation between bread-loaf volume and protein characteristics, except for the protein content in Korean wheat cultivars. Springiness and cohesiveness of cooked noodles were not correlated with protein characteristics, while hardness was correlated with the protein content and water absorption of a mixograph. Cookie diameter was negatively correlated with the sodium dodecyl sulfate(SDS) sedimentation volume and water absorption of a mixograph. The end-use quality was not correlated with any proportion of gluten composition. Principal component analysis(PCA) showed that the proportion of gluten was not related to the quality of the bread(both PCs, 81.3%), noodle(77.7%), and cookie(82.4%). PCA explained that Keumkang is suitable for superior bread, while Uri is good for cooked noodles and cookies.

关键词： wheat quality flour quality storage proteins

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Thermodynamic model for deoxidation of liquid steel considering strong metal-oxygen interaction in the quasichemical model framework

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International Journal of minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第5期31卷 988-1002页

作者： Yong-min cho Youn-Bae Kang Graduate Institute of Ferrous and Eco Materials Technology Pohang University of Science and TechnologyPohangKyungbuk37673Rep.of Korea N.EX.T Hub POSCO HoldingsPohangKyungbuk37673Rep.of Korea Department of Materials Science and Engineering Pohang University of Science and TechnologyPohangKyungbuk37673Rep.of Korea

Herein,a thermodynamic model aimed at describing deoxidation equilibria in liquid steel was *** model provides explicit forms of the activity coefficient of solutes in liquid steel,eliminating the need for the minimization of internal Gibbs energy preliminarily when solving deoxidation *** elimination of internal Gibbs energy minimization is particularly advantageous during the coupling of deoxidation equilibrium calculations with computationally intensive approaches,such as computational fluid *** model enables efficient calculations through direct embedment of the explicit forms of activity coefficient in the computing *** proposed thermodynamic model was developed using a quasichemical approach with two key approximations:random mixing of metallic elements(Fe and oxidizing metal) and strong nonrandom pairing of metal and oxygen as nearest *** these approximations,the quasichemical approach yielded the activity coefficients of solutes as explicit functions of composition and temperature without requiring the minimization of internal Gibbs energy or the coupling of separate *** model was successfully applied in the calculation of deoxidation equilibria of various elements(Al,B,C,Ca,Ce,Cr,La,Mg,Mn,Nb,Si,Ti,V,and Zr).The limitations of the model arising from these assumptions were also discussed.

关键词： deoxidation equilibria thermodynamics quasichemical approach computational fluid dynamics

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Multi-Generator Discriminator Network Using Texture-Edge Information

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第5期75卷 3537-3551页

作者： Kyeongseok Jang Seongsoo cho Kwang chul Son Department of Plasma Bio Display Kwangwoon University20Gwangun-roNowon-guSeoul01897Korea School of Software Soongsil University369Sangdo-roDongjak-guSeoul06978Korea Department of Information Contents Kwangwoon University20Gwangun-roNowon-guSeoul01897Korea

In the proposed paper,a parallel structure type Generative Adversarial Network(GAN)using edge and texture information is *** the existing GAN-based model,many learning iterations had to be given to obtaining an output that was somewhat close to the original data,and noise and distortion occurred in the output image even when learning was *** solve this problem,the proposed model consists of two generators and three discriminators to propose a network in the form of a parallel *** the network,each edge information and texture information were received as inputs,learning was performed,and each character was combined and outputted through the Combine *** this,edge information and distortion of the output image were improved even with fewer iterations than DCGAN,which is the existing GAN-based *** a result of learning on the network of the proposed model,a clear image with improved contour and distortion of objects in the image was output from about 50,000 iterations.

关键词： Deep learning convolution neural network generative adversarial network edge information texture information

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