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Evaluating the impact of traffic violations on crash injury severity on Wyoming interstates:An investigation with a random parameters model with heterogeneity in means approach

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2022年第4期9卷 654-665页

作者： Anas Alrejjal milhan moomen Khaled Ksaibati Department of Civil and Architectural Engineering University of WyomingLaramieWY 82070USA South Carolina Department of Transportation ColumbiaSC 29202USA

This study investigated the impact of traffic violations on crash injury severity on Wyoming’s interstate highways.A random parameters multinomial logit(MNL)model with heterogeneity in means was estimated as an alternative to the mixed logit *** was done to better account for unobserved heterogeneity in the crash *** per the results,the random parameters model with heterogeneity in means not only exhibited a better fit but also uncovered more insights regarding the factors influencing crash injury *** advanced model showed that traffic violations,crash characteristics and environmental characteristics among other factors impact crash injury severity on Wyoming’s interstate *** regards to traffic violations,driving too fast for prevailing conditions and driving under the influence of alcohol and drugs were identified as the main violations that significantly influenced crash *** other useful insights,the heterogeneity in mean specification indicated that the likelihood of severe injury crashes is increased by the interactive effect between non-trucks(vehicles not classified as trucks)and driving too fast for *** is a significant implication that high speed behavior by non-truck drivers in adverse weather conditions is ranked as one of the hazardous traffic violations on Wyoming’s *** study provided for the first time important information on the impact of traffic violations on crash severity of crashes that occurred on challenging roadways that characterized by mountainous terrain and severe weather *** from the study will help enforcement agencies in the state to better identify appropriate countermeasures to mitigate the impact of violations on crash severity.

关键词： Random parameters Heterogeneity in means Injury severity Interstate safety

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An investigation of influential factors of downgrade truck crashes:A logistic regression approach

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2019年第2期6卷 185-195页

作者： milhan moomen Mahdi Rezapour Khaled Ksaibati Department of Civil and Architectural Engineering University of Wyoming

Truck crash occurrence causes extensive damage to lives and property. Truck crashes on downgrades exacerbate these costs due to the likelihood of a runaway being *** agencies have continuously sought engineering measures to reduce the incidence of such crashes. However, most past studies on truck crashes have focused on level roadway sections of highways without considering the effects of downgrades. The difference in geometric characteristics of downgrades and the mechanics of truck operations on such sections mean different factors may be at play in contrast to level roadway *** paper investigated the factors influencing truck crashes on downgrades; an attempt to fill in some of the research gaps. An empirical analysis of factors affecting truck crashes on two-lane downgrade roadways in Wyoming was carried out using a binary logistic regression technique. After calibrating the model, the effect of each significant variable was determined using theoretical concepts established in previous studies and engineering intuition. Crash factors including driver gender and age, weather, lighting and road conditions, number of crest curves, crash type, number of driveways, day of week and posted speed limit were found to be significant. The results of the study offer new understandings into how the identified factors influence truck crashes on downgrades.

关键词： Highway safety Truck crashes Downgrades crashes Crash factors Logistic regression

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Predicting injury severity and crash frequency:Insights into the impacts of geometric variables on downgrade crashes in Wyoming

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2020年第3期7卷 375-383页

作者： milhan moomen Mahdi Rez apour Mustaffa NRaja Khaled Ksaibati Department of Civil&Architectural Engineering University of WyomingLaramieWY 82071USA Wyoming Technology Transfer Center University of WyomingLaramieWY 82071USA

Road deaths,injuries and property damage places a huge burden on the economy of most *** has one of the highest truck-related fatality rates among the states in the *** high crash rates observed in the state is as a result of many factors mainly related to the challenging mountainous terrain in the state,which places extra burden on truck drivers in terms of requiring higher levels of alertness and driving *** difficult geometry of roads characteristic of mountainous terrain in terms of steep grade lengths adds extra risks of fatalities or injuries occurring as a result of a *** risks are more pronounced for truck-related crashes due to their weight and *** part of the measures to reduce the incidence of truck-related crashes on mountainous areas,the Wyoming Department of Transportation(WYDOT)initiated a study to investigate causes of truck crashes on downgrade areas of *** studies have investigated the contributory factors to severe injury crashes but the focus has mostly been on level *** study analyzed the contributory geometric factors of truck crashes on downgrades by estimating three crash prediction negative binomial *** models took into account the injury severity of the *** results indicate that downgrade length,shoulder width,horizontal curve length,number of lanes,number of access points and truck traffic on the highway all impact truck-related crashes and injury frequencies ondowngrades in *** results of this study will be helpful to future downgrade road design policy aimed at reducing downgrade truck related crashes.

关键词： Traffic safety Downgrade Crash frequency Truck safety Geometric factor

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Impact of RAS and BRAF mutations on carcinoembryonic antigen production and pattern of colorectal metastases

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2016年第1期8卷 128-135页

作者： may cho chie akiba cecilia lau david smith milhan telatar michelle afkhami stephen sentovich kurt melstrom marwan fakih department of medical oncology city of hope national medical centerDuarteCA 91010United States department of statistics city of hope national medical centerDuarteCA 91010United States department of pathology city of hope national medical centerDuarteCA 91010United States department of surgical oncology city of hope national medical centerDuarteCA 91010United States

AIM: To investigate the impact of RAS and BRAF mutations on the pattern of metastatic disease and carcinoembryonic antigen(CEA) ***: In this retrospective study, we investigated the impact of RAS and BRAF mutational status on pattern of metastatic disease and CEA production. Only patients presenting with a newly diagnosed metastatic colorectal cancer(CRC) were included. Patients' characteristics, primary tumor location, site of metastatic disease and CEA at presentation were compared between those with and without RAS and BRAF ***: Among 174 patients, mutations in KRAS, NRAS and BRAF were detected in 47%, 3% and 6% respectively. RAS mutations(KRAS and NRAS) were more likely to be found in African American patients(87% vs 13%; P value = 0.0158). RAS mutations were associated with a higher likelihood of a normal CEA(< 5 ng/mL) at presentation. BRAF mutations were more likely to occur in females. We were not able to confirm any association between mutational status and site of metastatic disease at initial ***: No association was found between RAS and BRAF mutations and sites of metastatic disease at the time of initial diagnosis in our cohort. Patients with RAS mutations were more likely to present with CEA levels < 5 ng/mL. These findings may have clinical implications on surveillance strategies for RAS mutant patients with earlier stages of CRC.

关键词： RAS BRAF Carcinoembryonic antigen Pattern of metastatic disease Surveillance

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