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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第27期30卷 3273-3277页

作者： Tsvetelina Velikova milena Gulinac Medical Faculty Sofia University St Kliment OhridskiSofia 1407Bulgaria Department of General and Clinical Pathology Medical University of PlovdivPlovdiv 4002Bulgaria

In this editorial,we comment on three articles published in a recent issue of World Journal of *** is a pressing need for new research on autophagy's role in gastrointestinal(GI)disorders,and also novel insights into some liver conditions,such as metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease(MAFLD)and acute liver failure(ALF).Despite advancements,understanding autophagy's intricate mechanisms and implications in these diseases remains ***,MAFLD's pathogenesis,encompassing hepatic steatosis and metabolic dysregulation,require further ***,the mechanisms underlying ALF,a severe hepatic dysfunction,are poorly *** studies exploring the interplay between autophagy and GI disorders,as well as defined mechanisms of MAFLD and ALF,are crucial for identifying therapeutic targets and enhancing diagnostic and treatment strategies to mitigate the global burden of these diseases.

关键词： Gastrointestinal diseases Autophagy Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease High-normal alanine aminotransferase level Silent information regulator sirtuin 1 Acute liver failure

New strategies in the diagnosis and treatment of immune-checkpoint inhibitor-mediated colitis

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第6期12卷 1050-1062页

作者： Tsvetelina Velikova Boris Krastev milena Gulinac Miroslav Zashev Vasko Graklanov milena Peruhova Medical Faculty Sofia University St.Kliment OhridskiSofia 1407Bulgaria Medical Center Nadezhda Medical Center NadezhdaSofia 1407Bulgaria General and Clinical Pathology Medical University of PlovdivPlovdiv 4002Bulgaria Department of General Surgery University Hospital“Heart and Brain”Burgas 8000Bulgaria First Department of Internal Diseases Medical University of PlovdivPlovdiv 4000Bulgaria Department of Hematology University Hospital“St.George”Plovdiv 4000Bulgaria Division of Gastroenterology University Hospital“Heart and Brain”Burgas 1000Bulgaria

Immune-checkpoint inhibitor-mediated colitis(IMC)is an increasingly recognized adverse event in cancer immunotherapy,particularly associated with immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs)such as anti-cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 and anti-programmed cell death protein-1 *** this revolutionary immunotherapy gains prominence in cancer treatment,understanding,diagnosing,and effectively managing IMC becomes *** represents a unique challenge due to its immune-mediated nature and potential for severe ***,a precise picture of IMC pathophysiology is currently ***,we aimed to summarize the existing data while acknowledging the need for further *** comprehensive review explores the mechanisms underlying ICIs,gastrointestinal adverse effects,and,in particular,IMC’s incidence,prevalence,and *** review also emphasizes the importance of recognizing IMC’s distinct clinical and histopathological features to differentiate it from other forms of ***,this paper highlights the urgentneed for evolving diagnostic methods,therapeutic strategies,and a multidisciplinary approach to effectively manage IMC.

关键词： Immune-checkpoint inhibitors Immune-checkpoint inhibitor-mediated colitis Inhibitor-mediated colitis management Immunotherapy-associated colitis Checkpoint inhibitor-induced colitis Gastrointestinal adverse effects Checkpoint inhibitor toxicity Inhibitor-mediated colitis therapy

The Trade Relationship Between Brazil and Algeria in the Import of Oil and Its Derivatives in the Period 2010-2016

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Chinese Business Review 2018年第5期17卷 247-251页

作者： Fabiana Lucena Oliveira milena vilena Ana Luiza Silveira Amazonas State University ManausBrazil University of Pittsburgh PittsburghUSA

The Brazilian choice on the energy matrix,which established as a priority the exploitation of oil and consequently its derivatives for energy generation,had consequences for its foreign trade *** is important to clarify that the choice of the energy matrix involves strategic variables and decisions about investment,consumption,and demand projected for the next 30 years,for ***,this paper intends to analyze the trade balance between Brazil and Algeria(Country of North Africa,with a strong movement of oil and its derivatives),in the period 2010-2016,focusing even on the period in which Brazil began its periods of recession(2015).The research problem is,therefore,“during the period of 2010-2016,what is the situation of the trade balance between Brazil and Algeria?”.Therefore,the hypothesis formulated is that,because it does not have enough to supply Brazilian domestic demand for oil and,consequently,derivatives,Brazil has imported these products from other *** the period analyzed,Brazil did not have a favorable *** reason why Algeria was chosen for analysis and not another country since Brazil has trade relations with more than 70 countries is that the African continent is the main supplier surpassing the percentage of 71%,and Algeria has significant *** methodology used was a bibliographical research,based on the analysis of recent data from the Brazilian trade balance,including in the context of recession,starting in *** results obtained are:(1)The Brazilian energy matrix is diversified,but still shows a majority of non-renewable energies,different from what happens with other emerging countries;(2)it is necessary to revise the demand for oil and its derivatives for the next 30 years,as a matter of urgency;and(3)the investment volume defined by the Brazilian government for the energy matrix is not sufficient for the established demand.

关键词： foreign trade exploitation of oil energy matrix

Physiological strategies in wild rodents:immune defenses of commensal rats

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Integrative Zoology 2024年第3期19卷 350-370页

作者： Ivana MIRKOV Dina TUCOVIC Jelena KULAS Anastasija MALESEVIC Dragan KATARANOVSKI milena KATARANOVSKI Aleksandra POPOV ALEKSANDROV Immunotoxicology Group Department of EcologyInstitute for Biological Research“Sinisa Stankovic”—National Institute of Republic of SerbiaUniversity of BelgradeBelgradeSerbia

The importance of issues associated with urban/commensal rats and mice(property damage,management costs,and health risks)press upon research on these *** the demography of commensal rodents is mostly studied,the need for understanding factors influencing their natural morbidity/mortality is also *** this respect,more attention is expected to be paid to immunity,the physiological mechanism of defense against host survival threats(pathogens,parasites,diseases).Commensal rats and mice carry numerous pathogens that evoke diverse immune *** state of immunity in commensal house mice is studied in great detail,owing to the use of laboratory strains in biomedical *** commensal rats are,compared to mice,carriers of more zoonotic agents,rats’immunity is studied mainly in that *** of these zoonotic agents cause chronic,asymptomatic infections,which justified studies of immunological mechanisms of pathogen tolerance versus clearance regulation in *** of some infections in specific tissues/organs pressed upon analysis of local/regional immune responses and/or immunopathology.A survey of immunological activity/responses in commensal rats is given in this review,with mention of existing data in commensal *** should throw some light on the factors relevant to their morbidity and lifespan,supplementing the knowledge of commensal rodent ecology.

关键词： commensal rats and mice immunopathology infection inflammation tolerance

Measurement of Malondialdehyde as a Biomarker of Lipid Oxidation in Fish

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American Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2024年第9期15卷 303-332页

作者： milena Rizzo Department of Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences University of Catania Catania Italy

Oxidative reactions are key part of the stress response in marine organisms, which are exposed to a wide variety of environmental stressors. Lipid peroxidation (LPO) occurs in response to oxidant attack, giving rise to unsaturated aldehydes as malondialdehyde (MDA), the main biomarker for LPO assessment. Levels of MDA are measured in biological samples of different fish matrices to determine the oxidative effect of physical or chemical agents, particularly represented by metals. The most used assay is the spectrophotometric determination of thiobarbituric acid (TBA) as MDA-TBA2 adduct. Selectivity is enhanced by separating the adduct by chromatographic methods such as high-performance liquid chromatography or by using alternative derivatization reagents. Because, in biological organism, MDA is found free or protein bound, the two forms should be measured, and the extraction procedures are a crucial step in the processing of the biological sample. This review focused on MDA determination procedures used to assess the effect of experimental and environmental stress induced in fish.

关键词： Malondialdehyde Thiobarbituric Acid Fish Metals

Genetic screening of liver cancer:State of the art

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World Journal of Hepatology 2024年第5期16卷 716-730页

作者： milena Peruhova Sonya Banova-Chakarova Dimitrina Georgieva Miteva Tsvetelina Velikova Department of Gastroenterology University Hospital"Heart and Brain"Burgas 8000Bulgaria Department of Genetics Faculty of BiologySofia University"St.Kliment OhridskiSofia 1164Bulgaria Medical Faculty Sofia University St.Kliment OhridskiSofia 1407Bulgaria

Liver cancer,primarily hepatocellular carcinoma,remains a global health challenge with rising incidence and limited therapeutic *** factors play a pivotal role in the development and progression of liver *** state-of-the-art paper provides a comprehensive review of the current landscape of genetic screening strategies for liver *** discuss the genetic underpinnings of liver cancer,emphasizing the critical role of risk-associated genetic variants,somatic mutations,and epigenetic *** also explore the intricate interplay between environmental factors and genetics,highlighting how genetic screening can aid in risk stratification and early detection via using liquid biopsy,and advancements in high-throughput sequencing *** synthesizing the latest research findings,we aim to provide a comprehensive overview of the state-of-the-art genetic screening methods for liver cancer,shedding light on their potential to revolutionize early detection,risk assessment,and targeted therapies in the fight against this devastating disease.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Liver cancer Genetic screening Risk-associated genetic variants Epigenetic alterations Genetic biomarkers Circulating tumor DNA Next-generation sequencing

Autoantibodies related to ataxia and other central nervous system manifestations of gluten enteropathy

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第12期12卷 2031-2039页

作者： Tsvetelina Velikova Georgi Vasilev Russka Shumnalieva Lyubomir Chervenkov Dimitrina Georgieva Miteva milena Gulinac Stamatios Priftis Snezhina Lazova Medical Faculty Sofia University"St.Kliment Ohridski"Sofia 1407Bulgaria Clinic of Neurology and Department of Emergency Medicine UMHAT"Sv.Georgi"Plovdiv 4000Bulgaria Department of Rheumatology Clinic of RheumatologyUniversity Hospital"St.Ivan Rilski"Medical University-SofiaSofia 1612Bulgaria Department of Diagnostic Imaging Medical University PlovdivPlovdiv 4000Bulgaria Department of Genetics Faculty of BiologySofia University"St.Kliment Ohridski"Sofia 1164Bulgaria Department of General and Clinical Pathology Medical University of PlovdivPlovdiv 4002Bulgaria Department of Healthcare Faculty of Public Health“Prof.Tsekomir VodenicharovMDDSc”Medical University of SofiaSofia 1407Bulgaria Department of Pediatric University Hospital"N.I.Pirogov"Sofia 1606Bulgaria

Gluten ataxia and other central nervous system disorders could be linked to gluten enteropathy and related *** this narrative review,we focus on the various neuro-logical manifestations in patients with gluten sensitivity/celiac disease,immunological and autoimmune mechanisms of ataxia in connection to gluten sensitivity and the autoantibodies that could be used as a biomarker for diagnosing and *** focused on the anti-gliadin antibodies,antibodies to different isoforms of tissue transglutaminase(TG)(anti-TG2,3,and 6 antibodies),anti-glycine receptor antibodies,anti-glutamine acid decarboxylase antibodies,anti-deamidated gliadin peptides antibodies,*** studies found a higher prevalence of these antibodies in patients with gluten sensitivity and neurological dysfunction,presented as different neurological *** also discuss the role of a gluten-free diet on the clinical improvement of patients and also on imaging of these disorders.

关键词： Gluten ataxia Celiac disease Gluten enteropathy Autoantibodies Anti-gliadin antibodies Anti-bodies to tissue transglutaminase Anti-tissue transglutaminase antibodies Anti-transglutaminase 6 antibodies Anti-glycine receptor antibodies Anti-glutamine acid decarboxylase antibodies

Urgent need for prognostic markers for hepatocellular carcinoma in the light of genomic instability and non-coding RNA signatures

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2024年第10期16卷 3087-3090页

作者： Tsvetelina Velikova milena Gulinac Medical Faculty Sofia University Street Kliment OhridskiSofia 1407Bulgaria General and Clinical Pathology Medical University of PlovdivPlovdiv 4002Bulgaria

In this editorial,we comment on an original article by Duan et *** ad-vancements in the diagnosis and treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),the identification of suitable prognostic factors remains *** their paper,Duan et al identified long non-coding RNAs(LncRNAs)to quantify ge-nomic instability(GI)by combining LncRNA expression and somatic mutation *** confirmed that the GI-derived LncRNA signature(GI-LncSig)could be an independent prognostic factor with the area under the curve of ***-thermore,the authors stated that GI-LncSig may have a better predictive perfor-mance than TP53 mutation status ***,studies exploring genetic markers for predicting the prognosis of HCC are crucial for identifying thera-peutic targets and enhancing diagnostic and treatment strategies to mitigate the global burden of liver cancer.

关键词： Genomic instability Long non-coding RNA RNA signatures Hepatocellular carcinoma Liver cancer Prognosis Prognostic markers Diagnosis Precision medicine

Treatment of spinal cord injury with biomaterials and stem cell therapy in non-human primates and humans

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第2期20卷 343-353页

作者： Ana milena Silva Olaya Fernanda Martins Almeida Ana Maria Blanco Martinez Suelen Adriani Marques PhD Program in Pathological Anatomy Federal University of Rio de JaneiroRio de JaneiroBrazil Biomedical Science Institute Federal University of Rio de JaneiroRio de JaneiroBrazil Graduate Program in Pathological Anatomy Federal University of Rio de JaneiroRio de JaneiroBrazil Graduate Program in Pathological Anatomy(PPGAP/UFRJ) Department of Neurobiology/Institute of BiologyCampus do GragoatáNiteróiRio de JaneiroBrazil

Spinal cord injury results in the loss of sensory,motor,and autonomic functions,which almost always produces permanent physical ***,in the search for more effective treatments than those already applied for years,which are not entirely efficient,researches have been able to demonstrate the potential of biological strategies using biomaterials to tissue manufacturing through bioengineering and stem cell therapy as a neuroregenerative approach,seeking to promote neuronal recovery after spinal cord *** of these strategies has been developed and meticulously evaluated in several animal models with the aim of analyzing the potential of interventions for neuronal repair and,consequently,boosting functional *** the majority of experimental research has been conducted in rodents,there is increasing recognition of the importance,and need,of evaluating the safety and efficacy of these interventions in non-human primates before moving to clinical trials involving therapies potentially promising in *** article is a literature review from databases(PubMed,Science Direct,Elsevier,Scielo,Redalyc,Cochrane,and NCBI)from 10 years ago to date,using keywords(spinal cord injury,cell therapy,non-human primates,humans,and bioengineering in spinal cord injury).From 110 retrieved articles,after two selection rounds based on inclusion and exclusion criteria,21 articles were ***,this review arises from the need to recognize the experimental therapeutic advances applied in non-human primates and even humans,aimed at deepening these strategies and identifying the advantages and influence of the results on extrapolation for clinical applicability in humans.

关键词： bioengineering biomaterials cell therapy humans non-human primates spinal cord injury stem cell therapy

Clinical issues and challenges in imaging of gastrointestinal diseases:A minireview and our experience

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第18期12卷 3304-3313页

作者： milena Gulinac Georgi Kiprin Ivan Tsranchev Vasko Graklanov Lyubomir Chervenkov Tsvetelina Velikova Department of General and Clinical Pathology Medical University of PlovdivPlovdiv 4002Bulgaria Medical Faculty Sofia University St.Kliment OhridskiSofia 1407Bulgaria Department of Gastroenterology MHAT EurohospitalPlovdiv 4000Bulgaria Department of Forensic Medicine and Deontology Medical University of PlovdivPlovdiv 4000Bulgaria Department of Diagnostic Imaging Medical University PlovdivPlovdiv 4000Bulgaria

Imaging techniques play a crucial role in the modern era of medicine,particularly in ***,various non-invasive and invasive imaging modalities are being routinely employed to evaluate different gastrointestinal(GI)***,many instrumental as well as clinical issues are arising in the area of modern GI *** minireview article aims to briefly overview the clinical issues and challenges encountered in imaging GI diseases while highlighting our experience in the *** also summarize the advances in clinically available diagnostic methods for evaluating different diseases of the GI tract and demonstrate our experience in the *** conclusion,almost all imaging techniques used in imaging GI diseases can also raise many challenges that necessitate careful consideration and profound expertise in this field.

关键词： Imaging methods Gastrointestinal diseases Gastrointestinal tract Radiology Tumors of the gastrointestinal tract