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Burden of Clostridium difficile infection between 2010 and 2013:Trends and outcomes from an academic center in Eastern Europe

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第21期21卷 6728-6735页

作者： Zsuzsanna Kurti Barbara D Lovasz Michael D Mandel Zoltan Csima Petra A Golovics Bence D Csako Anna Mohas Lorant Gnczi Krisztina B Gecse Lajos S Kiss miklos szathmari Peter L Lakatos 1~(st) Department of Medicine Semmelweis University Institute of Health Care Development and Clinical Methodology Semmelweis University

AIM:To analyze the incidence and possible risk factors in hospitalized patients treated with Clostridium difficile infection(CDI).METHODS:A total of 11751 patients were admitted to our clinic between 1 January 2010 and 1 *** hundred and forty-seven inpatients were prospectively diagnosed with *** the risk analysis a 1:3 matching was *** of 732 patients matched for age,sex,and inpatient care period and unit were compared to those of the CDI *** records were collected from an electronic hospital database and comprehensively ***:Incidence of CDI was 21.0/1000 admissions(2.1%of all-cause hospitalizations and 4.45%of total inpatient days).The incidence of severe CDI was 12.6%(2.63/1000 of all-cause hospitalizations).Distribution of CDI cases was different according to the unit type,with highest incidence rates in hematology,gastroenterology and nephrology units(32.9,25 and24.6/1000 admissions,respectively) and lowest rates in 1.4%(33/2312) in endocrinology and general internal medicine(14.2 and 16.9/1000 admissions)*** of CDI was 11.3%within 12 wk after *** of hospital stay was longer in patients with CDI compared to controls(17.6 ± 10.8d vs 12.4 ± 7.71 d).CDI accounted for 6.3%of allinpatient deaths,and 30-d mortality rate was 21.9%(54/247 cases).Risk factors for CDI were antibiotic therapy[including third-generation cephalosporins or fluoroquinolones,odds ratio(OR) = 4.559;P < 0.001],use of proton pump inhibitors(OR = 2.082,P< 0.001),previous hospitaiization within 12 mo(OR = 3.167,P < 0.001),previous CDI(OR = 15.32;P < 0.001),while presence of diabetes mellitus was associated with a decreased risk for CDI(OR = 0.484;P< 0.001).Treatment of recurrent cases was significantly different from primary infections with more frequent use of vancomycin alone or in combination(P < 0.001),and antibiotic therapy duration was longer(P < 0.02).Severity,mortality and outcome of primary infections and relapsing

关键词： Clostridium difficile infection Hospitalization Antibiotics Proton pump inhibitors

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Effectiveness and Humidification Capacity Investigation of Liquid-to-air Membrane Energy Exchanger under Low Heat Capacity Ratios at Winter Air Conditions

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Journal of Thermal Science 2015年第4期24卷 391-397页

作者： miklos Kassai Budapest University of Technology and Economics Faculty of Mechanical EngineeringDepartment of Building Service Engineering and Process EngineeringMuegyetem rakpart 3-9.1111BudapestHungary

In this research,a novel small-scale single-panel liquid-to-air membrane energy exchanger has been used to numerically investigate the effect of given number of heat transfer units(4.5),different cold inlet air temperature(1.7,5.0,10.0℃)and different low heat capacity ratio(0.4,0.5,0.6,0.7,0.8,0.9)on the steady-state performance of the energy *** small-scale energy exchanger represents the full-scale prototypes well,saving manufacturing costs and *** chloride is used as a salt solution in the system and the steady-state total effectiveness of the exchanger is evaluated for winter inlet air *** results show that total effectiveness of the energy exchanger decreases with heat capacity ratio in the mentioned *** numerical total effectiveness of 97%is achieved for the energy *** the heat capacity ratio values on given inlet air temperature,the humidification capacity of energy exhanger is also investigated in this *** humidification performance increases with heat capacity *** highest humidification performance(4.53 g/kg)can be reached when inlet air temperature is 1.7℃,and heat capacity ratio is 1.0 in winter inlet air conditions in the range of low heat capacity ratio.

关键词： energy exchanger performance effectiveness liquid desiccant air-conditioning ventilation

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Sensitivity of Pion versus Parton-Jet Nuclear Modification Factors to the Path-Length Dependence of Jet-Energy Loss at RHIC and LHC

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Chinese Physics Letters 2015年第12期32卷 30-34页

作者： Barbara Betz miklos Gyulassy Institut for Theoretische Physik Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universitat Frankfurt am Main 60438 Germany Department of Physics Columbia University New York 10027 USA Institute of Particle Physics Central China Normal University Wuhan 430079

We compare the jet-path length and beam-energy dependence of the pion nuclear modification factor and a patton-jet nuclear modification factor at RHIC and LHC, and contrast the predictions based on a linear pQCD and a highly non-linear hybrid AdS holographic model of jet-energy loss. It is found that both models require a reduction of the jet-medium coupling from RHIC to LHC to account for the measured pion nuclear modification factor. In the case of the parton-jet nuclear modification factor, however, which serves as a lower bound for the LO jet nuclear modification factor of reconstructed jets, the extracted data can be characterized without a reduced jet-medium coupling at LHC energies. It is concluded that when the reconstructed jets are sensitive to both quarks and gluons and thus provide more information than the pion nuclear modification factor, their information regarding the jet-medium coupling is limited due to the superposition with NLO and medium effects. Hence, a detailed description of the underlying physics requires both the leading hadron and the reconstructed jet nuclear modification factor. Unfortunately, the results for both the pion and the parton-jet nuclear modification factor are insensitive to the jet-path dependence of the models considered.

关键词： LHC Sensitivity of Pion versus Parton-Jet Nuclear Modification Factors to the Path-Length Dependence of Jet-Energy Loss at RHIC and LHC

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Global constraints from RHIC and LHC on transport properties of QCD fluids in CUJET/CIBJET framework

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Chinese Physics C 2019年第4期43卷 69-88页

作者： Shuzhe Shi Jinfeng Liao miklos Gyulassy Physics Department and Center for Exploration of Energy and Matter Indiana University Nuclear Science Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Pupin Lab MS-5202 Department of Physics Columbia University Institute of Particle Physics and Key Laboratory of Quark &Lepton Physics (MOE) Central China Normal University

We report results of a comprehensive global х~2 analysis of nuclear collision data from RHIC(0.2 ATeV),LHC1(2.76 ATeV), and recent LHC2(5.02 ATeV) energies using the updated CUJET framework. The framework consistently combines viscous hydrodynamic fields predicted by VISHNU2+1(validated with soft p_T﹤2 GeV bulk observables) and the DGLV theory of jet elastic and inelastic energy loss generalized to QGP fluids with an sQGMP color structure, including effective semi-QGP color electric quark and gluon as well as emergent color magnetic monopole degrees of freedom constrained by lattice QCD data. We vary the two control parameters of the model(the maximum value of the running QCD coupling, c, and the ratio cm of color magnetic to electric screening scales) and calculate the global х~2(α_c,c_m) compared with available jet fragment observables( R_(AA),v_2). A global х~2 minimum is found with α_c≈0.9±0.1 and c_m≈0.25±0.03. Using CIBJET, the event-by-event(ebe) generalization of the CUJET framework, we show that ebe fluctuations in the initial conditions do not significantly alter our conclusions(except for v_3). An important theoretical advantage of the CUJET and CIBJET frameworks is not only its global х~2 consistency with jet fragment observables at RHIC and LHC and with non-perturbative lattice QCD data, but also its internal consistency of the constrained jet transport coefficient, ■(E,T)/T^3, with the near-perfect fluid viscosity to entropy ratio(η/s～T^3/■～0.1-0.2) property of QCD fluids near Tc needed to account for the low p_T﹤2 GeV flow observables. Predictions for future tests at LHC with 5.44 ATeV Xe + Xe and 5.02 ATeV Pb + Pb are also presented.

关键词： jet quenching quark-gluon plasma relativistic heavy-ion collisions heavy flavor physics

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Consistency of Perfect Fluidity and Jet Quenching in Semi-Quark-Gluon Monopole Plasmas

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Chinese Physics Letters 2015年第9期32卷 25-30页

作者：徐杰谌廖劲峰 miklos Gyulassy Department of Physics Columbia University New York 10027 USA Physics Department and CEEM Indiana University Bloomington 47408 USA RIKEN BNL Research Center Bldg. 510A Brookhaven National Laboratory New York 11973 USA

We utilize a new framework, CUJET3.0, to deduce the energy and temperature dependence of the jet trans- port parameter, q （E 〉 10 GeV, T）, from a combined analysis of available data on nudear modification factor and azimuthal asymmetries from high energy nuclear collisions at RHIC/BNL and LHC/CERN. Extending a previous perturbative-QCD based jet energy loss model （known as CUJET2.0） with （2＋1）D viscous hydrody- namic bulk evolution, this new framework includes three novel features of nonperturbative physics origin; （i） the Polyakov loop suppression of color-electric scattering （aka ＇semi-QGP＇ of Pisarski et al.）, （ii） the enhancement of jet scattering due to emergent magnetic monopoles near Tc （aka ＇magnetic scenario＇ of Liao and Shuryak）, and Oii） thermodynamic properties constrained by lattice QCD data. CUJET3.0 reduces to v2.0 at high tem- peratures T 〉400 MeV, while greatly enhances ~ near the QCD deconfinement transition temperature range. This enhancement accounts well for the observed elliptic harmonics of jets with pT 〉10 GeV. Extrapolating our data-constrained q down to thermal energy scales, E-2 GeV, we find for the first time a remarkable consistency between high energy jet quenching and bulk perfect fluidity with η/s^T3/q^0.1 near To.

关键词： QGP QCD LHC

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Probing the color structure of the perfect QCD fluids via soft-hard-event-by-event azimuthal correlations

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Chinese Physics C 2018年第10期42卷 127-133页

作者： Shuzhe Shi Jinfeng Liao miklos Gyulassy Physics Department and Center for Exploration of Energy and Matter Indiana University Nuclear Science Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Pupin Lab MS-5202 Department of Physics Columbia University Institute of Particle Physics and Key Laboratory of Quark & Lepton Physics (MOE) Central China Normal University

We develop a comprehensive dynamical framework, CIBJET, to calculate on an event-by-event basis the dependence of correlations between soft （PT 〈2 GeV） and hard （PT 〉 10 GeV） azimuthal flow angle harmonics on the color composition of near-perfect QCD fluids produced in high energy nuclear collisions at RHIC and LHC. CIBJET combines consistently predictions of event-by-event VISHNU2＋I viscous hydrodynamic fluid fields with CUJET3.1 predictions of event-by-event jet quenching. We find that recent correlation data favor a temperature dependent color composition including bleached chromo-electric q（T）＋g（T） components and an emergent chromo-magnetic degrees of freedom re（T） consistent with non-perturbative lattice QCD information in the confinement/deconfinement temperature range.

关键词： quark-gluon plasma heavy ion collision jet quenching confinement

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Systemic phosphatidylcholine pretreatment protects canine esophageal mucosa during acute experimental biliary reflux

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第2期12卷 271-279页

作者： Gabor Eros Jozsef Kaszaki miklos Czobel Mihaly Boros Institute of Surgical Research University of SzegedHungary

AIM： To characterize the consequences of short-term exposure to luminal bile on mucosal mast cell reactions in a canine model, and to determine the effects of systemic phosphatidylcholine pretreatment in this condition. METHODS： Twenty mongrel dogs were used for experiments. Group 1 （n =5） served as a salinetreated control, while in group 2 （n = 5） the esophagus was exposed to bile for 3 h. In group 3 （n =5） the animals were pretreated with 7-nitroindazole to inhibit the neuronal isoform of nitric oxide synthase. In group 4 （n = 5） phosphatidylcholine solution （50 rng/kg） was administered iv before the biliary challenge. Mucosal microcirculation was observed by intravital videomicroscopy. Myeloperoxidase and nitric oxide synthase activities, the degrees of mast cell degranulation and mucosal damage were evaluated via tissue biopsies. RESULTS： Exposure to bile evoked significant mast cell degranulation and leukocyte accumulation. The red blood cell velocity and the diameter of the postcapillary venules increased significantly. The tissue ATP content and constitutive nitric oxide synthase activity decreased, while the inducible nitric oxide synthase activity increased significantly as compared to the control values. 7-nitroindazole treatment significantly exacerbated the mucosal mast cell degranulation and tissue damage. Tn contrast, phosphatidylcholine pretreatment prevented the bile-induced ATP depletion, the inducible nitric oxide synthase and myeloperoxidase activity and the mast cell degranulation increased. CONCLUSION： The neuronal nitric oxide synthasemast cell axis plays an important role in the esophageal mucosal defense system. Systemic phosphatidylcholine pretreatment affords effective protection through ameliorating the bile-induced ATP depletion and secondary inflammatory reaction.

关键词： Esophagus Bile Neuronal nitric oxide Mast cell Microcirculation Inflammation

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Studentized Increments of Partial Sums

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Science China Mathematics 1994年第3期37卷 265-276页

作者： Csorgomiklos 林正炎邵启满 Carleton University Ottawa kIS 5B6Canada Department of Mathematics Hangzhou'University hang zhou 31000PRC

Using suitable self-normalization for partial sums of *** variables,Griffin and Kuelbs established the law of the iterated logarithm for all distributions in the domain of attraction of a normal *** obtain the corresp... 详细信息

关键词： increments of partial sums self-normalization domain of attraction of a normal law

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Deliberation between PM1 and PM2.5 as air quality indicators based on comprehensive characterization of urban aerosols in Bangkok, Thailand

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Particuology 2017年第6期15卷 1-9页

作者： Issariya Vejpongsa Sirikalaya Suvachittanont Natsucla Klinklan Thunyapat Thongyen miklos Veres Wladyslaw W. Szymanski Department of Chemical Engineering Kasetsart University Bangkok Thailand Kasetsart University Bangkok Thailand Wigner Centre for Physics of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences Budapest Hungary Faculty of Physics University of Vienna Vienna Austria

Urban ambient aerosols in the size range below 10 μm were measured and sampled for further evalua- tion （by Raman and Thermal-Optical analysis） of the collected material. The presented data shows that monitoring number and/or surface area concentrations besides the mass concentration provides valu- able information for a meaningful assessment of the actual ambient air quality. The aim of the study was to characterize the urban aerosols using various instruments, methods, and sampling conditions, and to determine whether a split of the PMzs size fraction at PM1 may deliver a more sensible indication of the actual air quality than the current standard of monitoring PMzs. We found substantial differences relating to this split. PM2.5 data frequently include particles from both mechanical and combustion processes, PM1 measurements can be used to better distinguish particles derived from these two sources. We measured number concentrations of PM1 with PM2.5-1 concurrently with particle mass concentration and found that the typical average particle diameter by mass in the urban aerosols investigated was in the range of 120 nm; this corresponded well with the particle number size distributions measured in real time. Raman spectral analysis and thermal-optical evaluation of the sampled material also suggested that it would be sensible to split the measurement of the PM2.5 fraction into PM1 and PM2.s-1 size fractions, especially for analysis of carbonaceous aerosol components using the DRI thermal/optical reflectance carbon analysis system

关键词： Urban aerosol PM-ffactions Carbonaceous particles Raman spectroscopy Thermal-optical analysis

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Exact Algorithm to Solve the Minimum Cost Multi-Constrained Multicast Routing Problem

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Journal of Computer and Communications 2016年第14期4卷 57-79页

作者： miklos Molnar IUT Department of Computer Science University of Montpellier LIRMM Montpellier France

The optimal solution of the multi-constrained QoS multicast routing problem is a tree-like hierarchical structure in the topology graph. This multicast route contains a feasible path from the source node to each of the destinations with respect to a set of QoS constraints while minimizing a cost function. Often, it is a tree. In other cases, the hierarchies can return several times to nodes and links of the topology graph. Similarly to Steiner problem, finding such a structure is an NP-hard problem. The usual tree and topology enumeration algorithms applied for the Steiner problem cannot be used to solve the addressed problem. In this paper, we propose an exact algorithm based on the Branch and Bound principle and improved by the Lookahead technique. We show relevant properties of the optimum hierarchy permitting efficient pruning of the search space. To our knowledge, our paper is the first to propose an exact algorithm for this non-trivial multi-constrained optimal multicast route computation. Simulations illustrate the efficiency of the proposed pruning operations. The analysis of the execution time shows that in simple topologies and with tight QoS constraints the exact algorithm requires relatively little execution time. With loose constraints the computation time cannot be tolerated even for off-line route computation. In these cases, the solution is close to a Steiner tree and heuristics can be applied. These results can serve as basis for the design of efficient, polynomial-time routing algorithms.

关键词： Multicast Routing Quality of Service Multi-Constrained Steiner Problem Hierarchy Partial Minimum Spanning Hierarchy Branch and Bound

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