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<sup>11</sup>C-Labeled Capsaicin and Its <i>in Vivo</i>Molecular Imaging in Rats by Positron Emission Tomography

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2015年第2期6卷 216-220页

作者： miki goto Hiroshi Mizuma Yasuhiro Wada Masaaki Suzuki Yasuyoshi Watanabe Hirotaka Onoe Hisashi Doi Division of Bio-Function Dynamics Imaging RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies (CLST) Kobe Japan National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology Obu Japan

Synthesis of 11C-labeled capsaicin ([11C]-2) was accomplished by O-[11C]methylation with [11C]-methyl iodide to a corresponding catechol precursor (1). In Vivo whole-body distribution of [11C]-2 in rats was investigated by positron emission tomography after intravenous injection. The results showed that [11C]-2 accumulated in the brain and body surface, which was closely associated with the expression of transient receptor potential vanilloid 1.

关键词： PET Capsaicin 11C-Labeling TRPV1 Blood-Brain Barrier

Quest towards ultimate performance in superconducting nanowire single photon detectors

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2018年第2期61卷 80-81页

作者： Shigehito miki Advanced ICT Research Institute National Institute of Information and Communications Technology

In 2007, superconducting nanowire single photon detectors （SSPD or SNSPD） [ 1 ] made an outstanding impact in the field of quantum information technology by demonstrating quan- tum key distribution （QKD） over a 200-kin optical fiber with a 42-dB optical loss using a practical SNSPD system [2]. This successful demonstration was realized thanks to its extremely low dark count rate （DCR） of a few Hz and short timing jitter of 60 ps, while the system detection efficiency （SDE） showed a poor value of 0.7% at a wavelength of 1550 nm.

关键词： Quest towards ultimate performance superconducting nanowire single photon detectors

Activity coefficients of NiO and CoO in CaO–Al_2O_3–SiO_2 slag and their application to the recycling of Ni–Co–Fe-based end-of-life superalloys via remelting

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2017年第1期24卷 25-36页

作者： Xin Lu Takahiro miki Tetsuya Nagasaka Graduate School of Engineering Tohoku University

To design optimal pyrometallurgical processes for nickel and cobalt recycling, and more particularly for the end-of-life process of Ni-Co-Fe-based end-of-life（EoL） superalloys, knowledge of their activity coefficients in slags is essential. In this study, the activity coefficients of NiO and CoO in CaO-Al_2O_3-SiO_2 slag, a candidate slag used for the EoL superalloy remelting process, were measured using gas/slag/metal equilibrium experiments. These activity coefficients were then used to consider the recycling efficiency of nickel and cobalt by remelting EoL superalloys using CaO-Al_2O_3-SiO_2 slag. The activity coefficients of NiO and CoO in CaO-Al_2O_3-SiO_2 slag both show a positive deviation from Raoult＇s law, with values that vary from 1 to 5 depending on the change in basicity. The activity coefficients of NiO and CoO peak in the slag with a composition near B =（%CaO）/（%SiO_2） = 1, where B is the basicity. We observed that controlling the slag composition at approximately B = 1 effectively reduces the cobalt and nickel oxidation losses and promotes the oxidation removal of iron during the remelting process of EoL superalloys.

关键词： recycling nickel cobalt end-of-life superalloys activity coefficients remelting slag

Intranasal administration of stem cell-derived exosomes for central nervous system diseases

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第6期19卷 1249-1255页

作者： Shuho gotoh Masahito Kawabori miki Fujimura Department of Neurosurgery Hokkaido University Graduate School of MedicineHokkaidoJapan

Exosomes,lipid bilayer-enclosed small cellular vesicles,are actively secreted by various cells and play crucial roles in intercellular *** nanosized vesicles transport internalized proteins,mRNA,miRNA,and other bioactive *** findings have provided compelling evidence that exosomes derived from stem cells hold great promise as a therapeutic modality for central nervous system *** exosomes exhibit multifaceted properties including antiapoptotic,anti-inflammatory,neurogenic,and vasculogenic ***,exosomes offer several advantages over stem cell therapy,such as high preservation capacity,low immunogenicity,the ability to traverse the blood-brain barrier,and the potential for drug ***,researchers have turned their attention to exosomes as a novel therapeutic ***,akin to the limitations of stem cell treatment,the limited accumulation of exosomes in the injured brain poses a challenge to their clinical *** overcome this hurdle,intranasal administration has emerged as a non-invasive and efficacious route for delivering drugs to the central nervous *** exploiting the olfactory and trigeminal nerve axons,this approach enables the direct transport of therapeutics to the brain while bypassing the blood-brain ***,exosomes,owing to their small size,can readily access the nerve pathways using this *** a result,intranasal administration has gained increasing recognition as an optimal therapeutic strategy for exosomebased *** this comprehensive review,we aim to provide an overview of both basic and clinical research studies investigating the intranasal administration of exosomes for the treatment of central nervous system ***,we elucidate the underlying therapeutic mechanisms and offer insights into the prospect of this approach.

关键词： central nervous system disease exosome extracellular vesicle intranasal administration stem cell

A facile method for preparation of uniformly decorated-spherical SnO2 by CuO nanoparticles for highly responsive toluene detection at high temperature

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2020年第16期47卷 119-129页

作者： Angga Hermawan Yusuke Asakura miki Inada Shu Yin Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials(IMRAM) Tohoku University2-1-1 KatahiraAoba-kuSendaiMiyagi980-857乙Japan Center of Advanced Instrumental Analysis Kyushu University6-1 Kasuga-Koen Kasuga-ShiFukuoka816-8580Japan

We reported a facile preparation of a uniform decoration of spherical n-type SnO2 by p-type CuO nanopa rticles as well as their utilization for enhanced performance on toluene gas *** nanoparticles and spherical SnO2 were synthesized by a facile non-hydrolytic solvothermal reaction,which could easily control their morphology.A uniform CuO nanoparticles decoration onto spherical SnO2 was achieved by a simple sonication and vigorous stirring at room tempe *** revealed orga nic solvents used in the oxide synthesis had a considerable influence on its surface charge that was beneficial for a uniformly electrostatic self-decoration between positively charged p-type CuO nanoparticles and negatively charged n-type spherical ***,CuO was partially reduced to Cu metal during high concentration of toluene exposure destroying p-n contact and developing new metal-semiconductor contact so-called ohmic junction,resulting in extraordinarily responsive and selective to toluene gas at 400℃as compared to a single p-CuO and *** was also found that the amount of particle decoration had an influence on sensor response and *** optimum amount of CuO nanoparticle decoration was0.1 mmol on 0.5 mmol *** re s ponse(S=Ra/Rg)and selectivity of CuO/S nO2 based material toward the exposure of 75 ppm toluene had reached to such high as 540 and 5,*** effect of p-n heterojunction and metal-semiconductor contact on the gas sensing mechanism of p-type CuO/n-type SnO2 was ***,by decorating with CuO nanoparticles,CuO/SnO2 morphology was well-maintained after gas sensing evaluation demonstrated its excellency for high temperature toluene gas sensor application.

关键词： CuO SnO2 p-n heterojunction Toluene gas sensor

Protein and non-protein sulfhydryls and disulfides in gastric mucosa and liver after gastrotoxic chemicals and sucralfate: Possible new targets of pharmacologic agents

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第14期13卷 2053-2060页

作者： Lajos Nagy miki Nagata Sandor Szabo Departments of Pathology Brigham & Women's Hospital Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusetts 02115and Pathology and Laboratory Medicine ServiceDiagnostic & Molecular Medicine HCGVA Medical Center9901 East 7th St. Long BeachCA 90822United States Depts. of 3rd Internal Medicine and Family MedicineFaculty of MedicineUniversity of PecsH-7632 PecsHungary Departments of Pathology Brigham & Women's Hospital Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusetts 02115and Pathology and Laboratory Medicine ServiceDiagnostic & Molecular Medicine HCGVA Medical Center9901 East 7th St. Long BeachCA 90822United States

AIM： To investigate the role of major non-protein and protein sulfhydryls and disulfides in chemically induced gastric hemorrhagic mucosal lesions （HML） and the mechanism of gastroprotective effect of sucralfate.METHODS： Rats were given 1 mL of 75% ethanol, 25%NaCl, 0.6 mol/L HCI, 0.2 mol/L NaOH or 1% ammonia solutions intragastrically （i.g.） and sacrificed 1, 3, 6 or 12 min later. Total （reduced and oxidized） glutathione （GSH ＋ GSSG）, glutathione disulfide （GSSG）, protein free sulfhydryls （PSH）, protein-glutathione mixed disulfides （PSSG） and protein cystine disulfides （PSSP） were measured in gastric mucosa and liver.RESULTS： Reduced glutathione （GSH） was depleted in the gastric mucosa after ethanol, HCI or NaCl exposure,while oxidized glutathione （GSSG） concentrations increased, except by HCI and NaOH exposure. Decreased levels of PSH after exposure to ethanol were observed,NaCl or NaOH while the total protein disulfides were increased. Ratios of reduced to oxidized glutathione or sulfhydrils to disulfides were decreased by all *** changes in thiol homeostasis were detected in the liver after i.g. abbreviation should be spelled out the first time here administration of ethanol. Sucralfate increased the concentrations of GSH and PSH and prevented the ethanol-induced changes in gastric mucosal thiol concentrations.CONCLUSION： Our modified methods are now suitable for direct measurements of major protein and nonprotein thiols/disulfides in the gastric mucosa or liver.A common element in the pathogenesis of chemically induced HML and in the mechanism of gastroprotective drugs seems to be the decreased ratios of reduced and oxidized glutathione as well as protein sulfhydryls and disulfides.

关键词： Non-protein and protein thiol Gastricmucosal injury Gastroprotection Sucralfate

A visible light-driven plasmonic photocatalyst

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Light(Science & Applications) 2014年第1期3卷 349-354页

作者： Francesca Pincella Katsuhiro Isozaki Kazushi miki Polymer Materials Unit National Institute for Materials ScienceIbaraki 305-0044Japan Department of Pure and Applied Sciences University of TsukubaIbaraki 305-8571Japan Current address:International Research Center for Elements Science Institute for Chemical ResearchKyoto UniversityKyoto 611-0011Japan

We demonstrate a bottom-up approach to fabricating a visible light-driven titania photocatalyst device bearing an embeddedtwo-dimensional (2D) array of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) as a near-field light-generating layer. The device is a layered structureprepared by depositing a 2D array of AuNPs on a transparent conductive substrate (10 nm indium tin oxide (ITO) layer on quartz),coating the 2D array of AuNPs with a monolayer of trimethoxyoctylsilane (TMOS), and depositing titania nanocrystals on the anchoringmolecule (TMOS) layer. The visible light activity of the device was tested using photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue (MB) byilluminating the device with visible light (700 nm light) and ultraviolet (UV) light (250–380 nm). The localized surface plasmonresonance peak of the 36 nm AuNP 2D array is around 700 nm with a full-width at half-maximum of 350 nm. In comparison with othercontrol samples, the device showed the highest photocatalytic activity with visible irradiation, which was 1.7 times higher than that oftitania with UV irradiation. The origin of the visible light activity was confirmed by both quadratic incident light power dependency andaction spectrum to be plasmon-induced (near-field enhancement by AuNPs) two-photon absorption.

关键词： gold nanoparticles near-field light plasmonics two-photon absorption visible photocatalysis

Computational Study on a Squid-Like Underwater Robot with Two Undulating Side Fins

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2011年第1期8卷 25-32页

作者： Md. Mahbubar Rahman Yasuyuki Toda Hiroshi miki Department of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering Graduate School of Engineering Osaka University 2-1 Yamadaoka Suita City Osaka 565-0871 Japan

The undulating fin propulsion system is an instance of the bio-inspired propulsion systems. In the current study, the swimming motion of a squid-like robot with two undulating side fins, mimicking those of a Stingray or a Cuttlefish, was investigated through flow computation around the body. We used the finite analytic method for space discretization and Euler implicit scheme for time discretization along with the PISO algorithm for velocity pressure coupling. A body-fitted moving grid was generated using the Poisson equation at each time step. Based on the computed results, we discussed the features of the flow field and hydrodynamic forces acting on the body and fin. A simple relationship among the fin＇s principal dimensions was established. Numerical computation was done for various aspect ratios, fin angles and frequencies in order to validate the proposed relationship among principal dimensions. Subsequently, the relationship was examined base on the distribution of pressure difference between upper and lower surfaces and the distribution of the thrust force. In efficiency calculations, the undulating fins showed promising results. Finally, for the fin, the open characteristics from computed data showed satisfactory conformity with the experimental results.

关键词： biomimetics squid robot undulating fin propulsion efficiency hydrodynamics CFD

Root pruning is effective in alleviating the inhibition of soybean growth caused by anaerobic stress for a short period

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2023年第4期22卷 1035-1044页

作者： Koji YAMANE miki MARIYAMA Yoshihiro HIROOKA Morio IIJIMA Graduate School of Agriculture Kindai UniversityNara 631-8505Japan

Soybean is an important upland crop,but its productivity is often limited by anaerobic stress caused by *** ability to adjust root growth under environmental constraints is an important physiological trait for adapting to an everchanging environment,and root pruning is an artificial technique for regenerating the root *** the present study,we investigated whether root pruning in soybean can effectively alleviate the inhibitory effects of anaerobic *** plants were affected by anaerobic stress at the germination,vegetative stage 1(V1),and reproductive stage 1(R1)stages,and then the plants were treated with root pruning just after the stress *** plants at the germination stage were treated with root cap and tip removals after hypoxia(N_(2)treatment).Root cap removal was more effective in suppressing the inhibitory effects of hypoxia than root tip removal(5 mm from the tip).The shoot dry weights of the soybean plants with and without root cap removal after hypoxia were 51.2 and 73.8%of the control,respectively,while the root dry weights of plants with and without root cap removal after hypoxia were 43.2 and 62.8%of the control,*** root cap removal effectively enhanced soybean growth after anaerobic stress,the root cap may be the candidate tissue for the stress memory *** soybean plants at the V1 stage of growth were affected by anaerobic stress,the branch number,pod weight in the main stem,root length,and root surface area of the soybean plants treated with anaerobic stress at the R1 stage significantly decreased compared with those of the *** contrast,root pruning(2 mm from the tip)immediately after the stress treatment enhanced root growth,branch number,and pod *** branch number,pod weight,root length,and root surface area of the plants treated with root pruning were 1.13,1.14,1.12,and 1.13 times higher than those of plants treated with anaerobic *** was observed in the roo

关键词： crack fertilization nodulation control root cap removal stress memory waterlogging