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Semantic Segmentation of Lumbar vertebrae Using Meijering U-Net(MU-Net)on Spine Magnetic Resonance images

Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2025年第1期142卷 733-757页

作者： Lakshmi S v v Shiloah Elizabeth Darmanayagam Sunil Retmin Raj Cyril Department of Computer Science and Engineering College of Engineering GuindyAnna UniversityChennai600025India Department of information Technology Madras Institute of TechnologyAnna UniversityChrompetChennai600044India

Lower back pain is one of the most common medical problems in the world and it is experienced by a huge percentage of people *** to its ability to produce a detailed view of the soft tissues,including the spinal cord,nerves,intervertebral discs,and vertebrae,Magnetic Resonance imaging is thought to be the most effective method for imaging the *** semantic segmentation of vertebrae plays a major role in the diagnostic process of lumbar *** is difficult to semantically partition the vertebrae in Magnetic Resonance images from the surrounding variety of tissues,including muscles,ligaments,and intervertebral discs.U-Net is a powerful deep-learning architecture to handle the challenges of medical image analysis tasks and achieves high segmentation *** work proposes a modified U-Net architecture namely MU-Net,consisting of the Meijering convolutional layer that incorporates the Meijering filter to perform the semantic segmentation of lumbar vertebrae L1 to L5 and sacral vertebra ***-colour mask images were generated and used as ground truth for training the *** work has been carried out on 1312 images expanded from T1-weighted mid-sagittal MRi images of 515 patients in the Lumbar Spine MRi Dataset publicly available from Mendeley *** proposed MU-Net model for the semantic segmentation of the lumbar vertebrae gives better performance with 98.79%of pixel accuracy(PA),98.66%of dice similarity coefficient(DSC),97.36%of Jaccard coefficient,and 92.55%mean intersection over Union(mean ioU)metrics using the mentioned dataset.

关键词： Computer aided diagnosis(CAD) magnetic resonance imaging(MRi) semantic segmentation lumbar vertebrae deep learning U-Net model

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An SPH Framework for Earthquake-induced Liquefaction Hazard Assessment of Geotechnical Structures

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2025年第1期142卷 251-277页

作者： Sourabh Mhaski G.v.Ramana Department of Civil Engineering Indian Institute of Technology DelhiNew Delhi110016India

Earthquake-induced soil liquefaction poses significant risks to the stability of geotechnical structures *** understanding of the liquefaction triggering,and the post-failure large deformation behaviour is essential for designing resilient *** present study develops a Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics(SPH)framework for earthquake-induced liquefaction hazard assessment of geotechnical *** coupled flowdeformation behaviour of soils subjected to cyclic loading is described using the PM4Sand model implemented in a three-phase,single-layer SPH framework.A staggered discretisation scheme based on the stress particle SPH approach is adopted to minimise numerical inaccuracies caused by zero-energy modes and tensile ***,non-reflecting boundary conditions for seismic analysis of semi-infinite soil domains using the SPH method are *** numerical framework is employed for the analysis of cyclic direct simple shear test,seismic analysis of a level ground site,and liquefaction-induced failure of the Lower San Fernando *** agreement for liquefaction triggering and post-failure behaviour demonstrates that the SPH framework can be utilised to assess the effect of seismic loading on field-scale geotechnical *** present study also serves as the basis for future advancements of the SPH method for applications related to earthquake geotechnical engineering.

关键词： Earthquake seismic liquefaction stress particle PM4Sand smoothed particle hydrodynamics(SPH)

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Autism spectrum disorder:difficulties in diagnosis and microRNA biomarkers

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第10期20卷 2776-2786页

作者： Bridget Martinez Philip v.Peplow Department of Pharmacology University of Nevada-RenoRenoNVUSA Department of Medicine University of Nevada-RenoRenoNVUSA Department of Anatomy University of OtagoDunedinNew Zealand

We performed a PubMed search for microRNAs in autism spectrum disorder that could serve as diagnostic biomarkers in patients and selected 17 articles published from January 2008 to December 2023,of which 4 studies were performed with whole blood,4 with blood plasma,5 with blood serum,1 with serum neural cell adhesion molecule L1-captured extracellular vesicles,1 with blood cells,and 2 with peripheral blood mononuclear *** of the studies involved children and the study cohorts were largely *** of the studies had performed microRNA sequencing or quantitative polymerase chain reaction assays to measure microRNA *** five studies had used real-time polymerase chain reaction assay to validate microRNA expression in autism spectrum disorder subjects compared to *** microRNAs that were validated in these studies may be considered as potential candidate biomarkers for autism spectrum disorder and include miR-500a-5p,-197-5p,-424-5p,-664a-3p,-365a-3p,-619-5p,-664a-3p,-3135a,-328-3p,and-500a-5p in blood plasma and miR-151a-3p,-181b-5p,-320a,-328,-433,-489,-572,-663a,-101-3p,-106b-5p,-19b-3p,-195-5p,and-130a-3p in blood serum of children,and miR-15b-5p and-6126 in whole blood of *** important limitations were identified in the studies reviewed,and need to be taken into account in future *** studies are warranted with children and adults having different levels of autism spectrum disorder severity and consideration should be given to using animal models of autism spectrum disorder to investigate the effects of suppressing or overexpressing specific microRNAs as a novel therapy.

关键词： autism spectrum disorder biomarker blood cells blood plasma blood serum diagnosis microRNA peripheral blood mononuclear cells serum neural cell adhesion molecule L1-captured extracellular vesicles whole blood

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MicroRNAs as potential diagnostic biomarkers for bipolar disorder

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1681-1695页

Abnormal expression of microRNAs is connected to brain development and disease and could provide novel biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of bipolar disorder. We performed a PubMed search for microRNA biomarkers in bipolar disorder and found 18 original research articles on studies performed with human patients and published from January 2011 to June 2023. These studies included microRNA profiling in bloodand brain-based materials. From the studies that had validated the preliminary findings,potential candidate biomarkers for bipolar disorder in adults could be miR-140-3p,-30d-5p,-330-5p,-378a-5p,-21-3p,-330-3p,-345-5p in whole blood, miR-19b-3p,-1180-3p,-125a-5p, let-7e-5p in blood plasma, and miR-7-5p,-23b-5p,-142-3p,-221-5p,-370-3p in the blood serum. Two of the studies had investigated the changes in microRNA expression of patients with bipolar disorder receiving treatment. One showed a significant increase in plasma miR-134 compared to baseline after 4 weeks of treatment which included typical antipsychotics, atypical antipsychotics, and benzodiazepines. The other study had assessed the effects of prescribed medications which included neurotransmitter receptorsite binders(drug class B) and sedatives, hypnotics, anticonvulsants, and analgesics(drug class C) on microRNA results. The combined effects of the two drug classes increased the significance of the results for miR-219 and-29c with miR-30e-3p and-526b* acquiring significance. MicroRNAs were tested to see if they could serve as biomarkers of bipolar disorder at different clinical states of mania, depression, and euthymia. One study showed that upregulation in whole blood of miR-9-5p,-29a-3p,-106a-5p,-106b-5p,-107,-125a-3p,-125b-5p and of miR-107,-125a-3p occurred in manic and euthymic patients compared to controls, respectively, and that upregulation of miR-106a-5p,-107 was found for manic compared to euthymic patients. in two other studies using blood plasma,downregulation of miR-134 was observed i

关键词： biomarker bipolar disorder blood leukocytes blood plasma blood plasma extracellular vesicles/exosomes blood serum brain tissue brain tissue extracellular vesicles/exosomes lymphoblastoid cell lines microRNA neural progenitor cells whole blood

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MicroRNAs as potential biomarkers for diagnosis of post-traumatic stress disorder

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第7期20卷 1957-1970页

Post-traumatic stress disorder is a mental disorder caused by exposure to severe traumatic life ***,there are no validated biomarkers or laboratory tests that can distinguish between trauma survivors with and without post-traumatic stress *** addition,the heterogeneity of clinical presentations of post-traumatic stress disorder and the overlap of symptoms with other conditions can lead to misdiagnosis and inappropriate *** suggests that this condition is a multisystem disorder that affects many biological systems,raising the possibility that peripheral markers of disease may be used to diagnose post-traumatic stress *** performed a PubMed search for microRNAs(miRNAs)in post-traumatic stress disorder(PTSD)that could serve as diagnostic biomarkers and found 18 original research articles on studies performed with human patients and published January 2012 to December *** included four studies with whole blood,seven with peripheral blood mononuclear cells,four with plasma extracellular vesicles/exosomes,and one with serum *** of these studies had also used whole *** studies were excluded as they did not involve microRNA *** of the studies had collected samples from adult male veterans who had returned from deployment and been exposed to combat,and only two were from recently traumatized adult *** measuring miRNA expression levels,many of the studies had used microarray miRNA analysis,miRNA Seq analysis,or NanoString *** six studies had used real time polymerase chain reaction assay to determine/validate miRNA expression in PTSD subjects compared to *** miRNAs that were found/validated in these studies may be considered as potential candidate biomarkers for PTSD and include miR-3130-5p in whole blood;miR-193a-5p,-7113-5p,-125a,-181c,and-671-5p in peripheral blood mononuclear cells;miR-10b-5p,-203a-3p,-4488,-502-3p,-874-3p,-5100,and-7641 in plasma extracellular vesicles/

关键词： biomarker diagnosis microRNA peripheral blood mononuclear cells plasma extracellular vesicles/exosomes post-traumatic stress disorder serum exosomes whole blood whole plasma

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Decline of Eulia ministrana(Lepidoptera:Tortricidae)in polluted habitats is not accompanied by phenotypic stress responses

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insect Science 2021年第5期28卷 1482-1490页

作者： vitali Zverev mikhail v.Kozlov Department of Biology University of TurkuTurkuFinland

Env ironmental pollution is currently identified as one of the major drivers of rapid decline of insect populations,and this finding has revitalized interest in insect responses to *** tested the hypothesis that the pollution-induced decline of insect populations can be predicted from phenotypic stress responses expressed as morphological differences between populations inhabiting polluted and unpolluted *** explored populations of the brassy tortrix Eulia ministrana in subarctic forests along an environmental disturbance gradient created by long-lasting severe impacts of aerial emissions of the copper-nickel smelter in Monchegorsk,northwestern *** used pheromone traps to measure the population densities of this leafrolling moth and to collect specimens for assessment of three morphological stress indices:size,forewing melanization,and fluctuating asymmetry in wing *** length of *** increased by 10%,and neither forewing melanization nor fluctuating asymmetry changed from the unpolluted forest to the heavily polluted industrial ***,the population density of *** decreased 5 to 10 fold in the same pollution ***,none of the studied potential morphological stress indicators signaled vulnerability of *** to environmental pollution and/or to pollution-induced environmental *** conclude that insect populations can decline without any visible signs of *** use of morphological proxies of insect fitness to predict the consequences of human impact on insect populations is therefore risky until causal relationships between these proxies and insect abundance are deciphered.

关键词： copper-nickel smelter fluctuating asymmetry industrial melanism Kola Peninsula moth size pheromone trapping

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incubation of PbSe Thin Films in a Tin(Ⅱ) Salt Aqueous Solution:Modification and ion-Exchange Reactions

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2015年第8期31卷 790-797页

作者： Zinaida i.Smirnova Larisa N.Maskaeva vyacheslav F.Markov vladimir i.voronin mikhail v.Kuznetsov Ural Federal University(named after the First President of Russia B.N.Yeltsin) ul.Mira 19Yekaterinburg620002Russia Ural institute of State Fire Service of EMERCOM of Russia Yekaterinburgul.Mira 22620062Russia institute of Metal Physics Ural BranchRussian Academy of Sciencesul.S.Kovalevskoy 18Yekaterinburg620041Russia institute of Solid State Chemistry Ural BranchRussian Academy of Sciencesul.Pervomaiskaya 91Yekaterinburg620990Russia

Topochemical ion-exchange reactions between solid micro- and nanostructured metal chalcogenides and aqueous salt solutions are generally used for formation of composite structures based on initial metal chalcogenides and products of their ion-exchange transformation. However, ion exchange has promises as a route to obtaining both composites and solid solutions based on the initial and the end chalcogenide phases. With the help of the ion-exchange technique, single-phase films of Phi xSnxSe substitutional solid solutions with a tin content up to -2 at.%, which are promising for mid- and long-wavelength infrared radiation （iR） optoelectronics, have been obtained at the interface between PbSe poly- crystalline thin films and SnCl2 aqueous solutions containing sodium citrate. it has been shown that the pH value and temperature of the reaction system play an important role in the ion-exchange process. incubation of lead selenide （PbSe） films in a tin（ii） salt aqueous solution also leads to their modification with oxygen-containing tin compounds to a depth of-3 nm. Differences in the film structure, such as changes in the coherent scattering region sizes and orientation of crystallites along the [220] direction, which arise during the contact with citrate-containing SnCl2 solutions, have also been revealed. For the first time, an idea of the existence of a relatively wide reaction zone of an intragranular topochemical ion-exchange reaction in an aqueous solution, within which substitutional solid solutions can form in micro- and nanostructured systems, has been set forth.

关键词： ion-exchange synthesis Thin films Lead selenide Tin selenide Substitutional solid solutions Topochemical reaction

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Magnetic nanoparticles and concentrated magnetic nanofluids:Synthesis,properties and some applications

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China Particuology 2007年第1期5卷 43-49页

作者： Ladislau vks Doina Bica mikhail v. Avdeev Lab Magnetic Fluids CFATR Romanian Academy-Timisoara Division Timisoara Romania National Center for Engineering of Systems with Complex Fluids Univ. Politehnica Timisoara Timisoara Romania Lab Magnetic Fluids CFATR Romanian Academy-Timisoara Division Timisoara Romania Frank Laboratory of Neutron Physics Joint Institute for Nuclear Research Dubna Russia

This paper reviews some recent results concerning chemical synthesis of magnetic nanoparticles and preparation of various types of magnetic nanofluids. Structural properties and behaviour in external magnetic field of magnetic nanofluids will be emphasized with relation to their use in leakage-free rotating seals and in biomedical applications.

关键词： Magnetic nanoparticle Magnetic nanofluid Rotating seal Biomedical application Chemical co-precipitation Structural characterization

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Runaway electrons during subnanosecond breakdowns in high-pressure gases

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High voltage 2016年第4期1卷 181-191页

作者： victor F.Tarasenko mikhail i.Lomaev Dmitry v.Beloplotov Dmitry A.Sorokin institute of High Current Electronics Siberian Branch Russian Academy of Science2/3 Akademicheskii Ave.Tomsk 634055Russia

The parameters of runaway electrons produced in nanosecond high-voltage discharges in different gases(air,nitrogen,sulphur hexafluoride,krypton,argon,methane,neon,hydrogen,helium)at atmospheric and higher pressure were *** optical analysis was also performed to investigate the ionisation dynamics in diffuse discharges in nitrogen and nitrogen-containing *** breakdown of a point-to-plane gap by nanosecond(≃2 ns)high-voltage(≃200 kv)pulses of negative voltage polarity and gas pressure above 0.1 MPa,a supershort avalanche electron beam(SAEB)was detected by a collector behind the flat *** pressure>0.1 MPa of nitrogen and other gases it is shown that the maximum pressure for SAEB registration decreases with increasing the voltage pulse rise ***,to detect a SAEB at atmospheric and higher gas pressure,one should use voltage pulses with an amplitude of hundred kilovolts and rise time of∼1 ns and *** experimental research in the dynamics of optical radiation from the discharge plasma shows that the breakdown in which runaway electrons are produced develops as an ionisation wave.

关键词： wave. gases fluoride

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Post-seismic relaxation from geodetic and seismic data

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Geodesy and Geodynamics 2017年第1期8卷 13-16页

作者： mikhail v.Rodkin vladimir i.Kaftan institute of Earthquake Prediction Theory and Mathematical Geophysics Russian Academy of Sciences institute of Marine Geology and Geophysics FEB RAS Geophysical Center Russian Academy of Sciences(GC RAS) Peoples' Friendship University of Russia PFUR

We have examined the aftershock sequence and the post-seismic deformation process of the Parkfield earthquake （2004, M = 6, California, USA） source area using GPS data. This event was chosen because of the possibility of joint analysis of data from the rather dense local GPS network （from SOPAC internet archive） and of the availability of the rather detailed aftershock sequence data （http：]/***[ ncedc[***）. The relaxation process of post-seismic deformation prolongs about the same 400 days as the seismic aftershock process does. Thus, the aftershock process and the relaxation process in deformation could be the different sides of the same process. it should be noted that the ratio of the released seismic energy and of the GPS obtained deformation is quite different for the main shock and for the aftershock stage. The ratio of the released seismic energy to the deformation value decreases essentially for the post-shock process. The similar change in the seismic energy[deformation value ratio is valid in a few other strong earthquakes. Thus, this decrease seems typical of aftershock sequences testifying for decrease of ratio of elastic to inelastic deformation in the process of post-shock relaxation when the source area appears to be mostly fractured after the main shock occurs, but the healing process had no yet sufficient time to develop.

关键词： Post-seismic relaxationEarth's surface deformationGPSpost-shock fracturing

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