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Zika Virus Controversies: Epidemics as a Legacy of Mega Events?

Health 2016年第7期8卷 711-722页

作者： Alberto Krayyem Arbex Vagner Rosa Bizarro Mikele Torino Pa.etti Odirlei Joanir Brandt Ana Luísa Conceição de Jesus Ian Werner Luiggi Miguez Dantas Mirella Hansen de Almeida Post Graduation in Public Health and Bioethics Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz Rio de Janeiro Brazil Former Visiting Scholar Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health Boston USA Post Graduation in Endocrinology IPEMED Medical School Rio de Janeiro Brazil School of Medicine Federal University of Sergipe Aracaju Brazil Graduation in Chemistry Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil Division of Infectology Central Air Force Hospital Rio de Janeiro Brazil Division of Endocrinology Central Air Force Hospital Rio de Janeiro Brazil

The current knowledge of the Zika Virus epidemic clearly lacks a comprehensive understanding of its determinants and clinical outcomes. Until recently regarded as a “simple” dengue-like infection, it nowadays turned into a real challenge to Public Health around the world. The Zika Epidemic shows a quick spread, affects unprepared health systems, and presents with severe neurological complications of newborns—a concrete threat to pregnancies. This re-emerging infectious disease is a source of deep doubts and harsh debates regarding Public Health and even bioethical issues. Several doubts still remain on how to deal with the various possible transmission ways of the disease, the surge of a generation of thousands of microcephalic newborns (and questions on how to handle them within limited health systems), and severe malformations concentrated so far in Northeastern Brazil. Finally, a debate is raised about how the “Endemic State” of Brazil, deeply merged in a health care crisis for almost 40 years now, currently confronts 3 current epidemics of the arboviruses Dengue, Chikungunya and now Zika, all associated with a lack of basic sanitation. Brazil must deal with these biological threats in the context of the Rio 2016 Olympic Games, since Chikungunya has probably been brought to Brazil during the FIFA Soccer World Cup (2014) and Zika Virus spread is associated with the Soccer Confederations Cup (2013).

关键词： Zika Virus Epidemic Microcephaly Bioethics Public Health Guillain-Barré Syndrome Rio 2016 Chikungunya Dengue Olympic Games Legacy Basic Sanitation

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Health, Physical Activity and the Rio de Janeiro 2016 Olympic Games: Legacy or Fallacy?

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Health 2016年第1期8卷 9-17页

作者： Vagner Rosa Bizarro Tatiane Andreazza Lucchese Amanda Maia Breis Karine Rucker Minelli Salles Alves Fernandes Mikele Torino Pa.etti Ana Luísa Conceição de Jesus Raphael Calafange Marques Pereira Denise Rosso Tenório Wanderley Rocha Alberto Krayyem Arbex Division of Endocrinology IPEMED Medical School Rio de Janeiro Brazil Division of Rehabilitation Sciences UNISUAM Rio de Janeiro Brazil Harvard School of Public Health Harvard University Boston USA

It is generally expected that the Rio de Janeiro 2016 Olympic and paralympic Games will bring health and social benefits to their host city and to Brazil. This assumption comes from “common sense”, as a logical conclusion arising from the fact that host cities “inspire” and stimulate lifestyle changes. Benefits are also expected on tourism, self-image, architecture and the economy of the country as a whole. But are these expectations real and evidence-based? What parts of these “facts” are concrete and which ones are not? This paper suggests available ways of quantifying positive effects of hosting an Olympic Game, and puts the focus of this approach on the Rio de Janeiro 2016 Olympic Games and their true legacy, seeking scientific certainties.

关键词： Physical Activity Olympic Games paralympic Games Olympic Legacy Rio de Janeiro Rio 2016

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Diabetes, Obesity and the Nutrition Transition in the Mercosur

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Open Journal of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases 2016年第1期6卷 28-37页

作者： Tatiane Andreazza Lucchese Amanda Maia Breis Karine Rucker Vagner Rosa Bizarro Lis Marina Mesquita Araújo Alessandre Gomes Mikele Torino Pa.etti Ana Luísa Conceição de Jesus Marcella Garcez Duarte Denise Rosso Tenório Wanderley Rocha Alberto Krayyem Arbex Division of Endocrinology IPEMED Medical School (IPEMED) Sao Paulo Brazil Brazilian Association of Nutrology (ABRAN) Catanduva Sao Paulo Brazil Visiting Scholar Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health Harvard University Boston USA

Diabetes and obesity are major health hazards in Latin America nowadays. Their prevalence has steadily increased since the eighties. Today, more than 50% of the population are overweight, 15% has obesity and 6% to 15% has diabetes. The nutrition transition is a long-term process that brings chronic metabolic diseases as an undesired consequence, whilst ultra processed foods become increasingly part of daily food choices. These changes bring impacts in all fields of daily life, especially in the economic and legal fields—the “Right to Health”—and regarding autonomy of the individual and their choices, when confronted with an ideal of health and well-being. Governments and citizens struggle to propose new pathways and find effective solutions to control both epidemics and solve these issues. This article poses the evolution of diabetes and obesity in the Mercosur, seeking a better understanding of these chronic, non-communicable diseases, and looking for concrete, effective solutions towards health in South America.

关键词： Obesity Diabetes Mercosur Nutrition Transition Right to Health South America

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激光非稳性的二十五年(续)

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量子电子学 1987年第3期 189-201页

作者：高锦岳 L.M.Narducci J.R.Tredicce D.K.Bandy L.R.Lugiato 吉林大学物理系德累索大学物理系米兰那大学物理系美国费城意大利

3—A 多模非稳性到现在为止还没有一个清楚的关于监别振幅型多模非稳性的实验。1984年Hilman,Krasinski,Boyd与Stroud发现了一种有趣形式的多模非稳性,并使Stroud与Lawandy以及他们各自的合作者做出新的实验努力。在参考文献[28]里的... 详细信息

3—A 多模非稳性到现在为止还没有一个清楚的关于监别振幅型多模非稳性的实验。1984年Hilman,Krasinski,Boyd与Stroud发现了一种有趣形式的多模非稳性,并使Stroud与Lawandy以及他们各自的合作者做出新的实验努力。在参考文献[28]里的大部分实验的特

关键词：激光位相跃变泵浦功率非稳性激活介质

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