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Cultivation of halophilic archaea(class Halobacteria)from thalassohaline and athalassohaline environments

Marine Life Science & Technology 2021年第2期3卷 243-251页

作者： Heng-Lin Cui mike L.Dyall-Smith School of Food and Biological Engineering Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang212013China Veterinary Biosciences Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural SciencesUniversity of MelbourneParkville3010Australia Computational Biology Group Max-Planck-Institute of Biochemistry82152MartinsriedGermany

As a group,the halophilic archaea(class Halobacteria)are the most salt-requiring and salt-resistant microorganisms within the domain *** archaea flourish in thalassohaline and athalassohaline environments and require over 100–150 g/L NaCl for growth and structural *** hypersaline environments vary in salt concentration,chemical composition and pH,and occur in climates ranging from tropical to polar and even ***,their resident haloarchaeal species vary enormously,as do their individual population compositions and community *** diverse halophilic archaeal strains are precious resources for theoretical and applied research but assessing their taxonomic and metabolic novelty and diversity in natural environments has been technically difficult up until *** DNA-based high-throughput sequencing technology has now matured sufficiently to allow inexpensive recovery of massive amounts of sequence data,revealing the distribution and community composition of halophilic archaea in different hypersaline *** cultivation of haloarchaea is slow and tedious,and only recovers a fraction of the natural diversity,it is the conventional means of describing new species,and provides strains for detailed *** of the end of May 2020,the class Halobacteria contains 71 genera and 275 species,49.8%of which were first isolated from the marine salt environment and 50.2%from the inland salt environment,indicating that both thalassohaline and athalassohaline environments contain diverse halophilic ***,there remain taxa that have not yet been isolated in pure culture,such as the nanohaloarchaea,which are widespread in the salt environment and may be one of the hot spots in the field of halophilic archaea research in the *** this review,we focus on the cultivation strategies that have been used to isolate extremely halophilic archaea and point out some of the pitfalls and challenges.

关键词： Halobacteria Growth Culture Cultivation Large-scale isolation Medium formulation

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Nonlinear roll damping of a barge with and without liquid cargo in spherical tanks

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Journal of Ocean Engineering and Science 2016年第1期1卷 84-91页

作者： Wenhua Zhao mike Efthymiou Finlay McPhail Sjoerd Wille Faculty of Engineering Computing and MathematicsThe University of Western Australia35 Stirling HighwayCrawleyWA 6009Australia Shell Global Solutions BV(Shell) Kessler Park 12280 ABRijswijkThe Netherlands

Damping plays a significant role on the maximum amplitude of a vessel’s roll motion,in particular near the resonant *** is a common practice to predict roll damping using a linear radiation-diffraction code and add that to a linearized viscous damping component,which can be obtained through empirical,semi-empirical equations or free decay tests in calm ***,it is evident that the viscous roll damping is nonlinear with roll velocity and *** liquid cargo motions inside cargo tanks also contribute to roll damping,which when ignored impedes the accurate prediction of maximum roll *** this study,a series of free decay model tests is conducted on a barge-like vessel with two spherical tanks,which allows a better understanding of the nonlinear roll damping components considering the effects of the liquid cargo *** examine the effects of the cargo motion on the damping levels,a nonlinear model is adopted to calculate the damping *** liquid cargo motion is observed to affect both the linear and the quadratic components of the roll *** flow memory effect on the roll damping is also *** nonlinear damping coefficients of the vessel with liquid cargo motions in spherical tanks are obtained,which are expected to contribute in configurations involving spherical tanks.

关键词： LNG carrier Nonlinear roll damping Liquid cargo motion Spherical tanks Model test.

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Gesture recognition for transhumeral prosthesis control using EMG and NIR

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IET Cyber-Systems and Robotics 2020年第3期2卷 122-131页

作者： Ejay Nsugbe Carol Phillips mike Fraser Jess McIntosh University of Bristol Queen's BuildingUniversity WalkBristol BS81TRUK Department of Radiology University Hospitals BristolNHS Foundation TrustBristolUK

A key challenge associated with myoelectric prosthesis limbs is the acquisition of a good quality gesture intent signal from the residual anatomy of an *** this study,the authors aim to overcome this limitation by observing the classification accuracy of the fusion of wearable electromyography(EMG)and near-infrared(NIR)to classify eight hand gesture motions across 12 able-bodied *** part of the study,they investigate the classification accuracy across a multi-layer perceptron neural network,linear discriminant analysis and quadratic discriminant analysis for different sensing configurations,***-only,NIR-only and EMG-NIR.A separate offline ultrasound scan was conducted as part of the study and served as a ground truth and contrastive basis for the results picked up from the wearable sensors,and allowed for a closer study of the anatomy along the humerus during gesture *** and findings from the work suggest that it could be possible to further develop transhumeral prosthesis using affordable,ergonomic and wearable EMG and NIR sensing,without the need for invasive neuromuscular sensors or further hardware complexity.

关键词： anatomy prosthesis EMG

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China＇s Sponge City construction： A discussion on technical approaches

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2017年第4期11卷 39-49页

作者： Haifeng Jia Zheng Wang Xiaoyue Zhen mike Clar Shaw L. Yu School of Environment Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China Beijing Orient Tetra Tech Ecological Technology Ltd. Beijing 100051 China Tetra Tech Fairfax VA 22030 USA Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering University of Virginia Charlottesville VA 22904 USA

Since 2014, China has been implementing the Sponge City Construction initiative, which represents an enormous and unprecedented effort by any government in the world for achieving urban sustainability. According to preliminary estimates, the total investment on the Sponge City Plan is roughly 100 to 150 million Yuan （RMB）（$15 to $22.5 million） average per square kilometer or 10 Trillion Yuan （RMB）（$1.5 Trillion） for the 657 cities nationwide. The Sponge City Plan （SCP） calls for the use of natural processes such as soil and vegetation as part of the urban runoff control strategy, which is similar to that of low impact development （LID） and green infrastructure （G1） practices being promoted in many parts of the world. The SCP includes as its goals not only effective urban flood control, but also rainwater harvest, water quality improvement and ecological restoration. So far, the SCP implementation has encountered-some barriers and challenges due to many factors. The present paper presents a review of those barriers and challenges, oftizrs discussions and recommendations on several technical aspects such as control goals and objectives; planning/design and construction of LID/GI practices; performance evaluation. Several key recommendations are proposed on Sponge City implementation strategy, Site-specific regulatory fi＇amework and technical gmdance, Product innovation and certification, LID/GI Project financing, LID/G1 profcssional training and certification, public outreach and education. It is expected that the successful implemen!atiun of the. SCP not only will bring about a sustainable, eco-friendly urbanization process in China, but also contribute enormously to the LID/Gl research and development with the vast amount of relevant data and experiences generated from the Sponge City construction projects.

关键词： Low impact development Green infrastructure (GI) Sponge City Barriers Construction strategies

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Biofilm structure and its influence on clogging in drip irrigation emitters distributing reclaimed wastewater

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2009年第6期21卷 834-841页

作者： YAN Dazhuang BAI Zhihui mike Rowan GU Likun Ren Shumei YANG Peiling College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering China Agricultural University Beijing 100083 China Research Centre for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085 China Department of Food Agricultural and Biological Engineering the Ohio State University Columbus Ohio 43210 USA Qingdao Institute of Biomass Energy and Bioprocess Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Qingdao 266071 China

Using reclaimed wastewater for crop irrigation is a practical alternative to discharge wastewater treatment plant effluents into surface ***,biofouling has been identified as a major contributor to emitter clogging in drip irrigation systems distributing reclaimed *** is known about the biofilm structure and its influence on clogging in the drip emitter flow *** study was first to investigate the microbial characteristics of mature biofilms present in the emitters and the effect of flow path structures on the biofilm microbial *** analysis of biofilm matrix structure using a scanning electron microscopy（SEM） revealed that particles in the matrix of the biofilm coupled extracellular polysaccharides（EPS） and formed sediment in the emitter flow *** of biofilm mass including protein,polysaccharide,and phospholipid fatty acids（PLFAs） showed that emitter flow path style influenced biofilm community structure and *** correlations of biofilm biomass and discharge reduction after 360 h irrigation were computed and suggest that PFLAs provide the best correlation ***,the emitter with the unsymmetrical dentate structure and shorter flow path（Emitter C） had the best anti-clogging *** optimizing the dentate structure,the internal flow pattern within the flow path could be enhanced as an important method to control the biofilm within emitter flow *** study established electron microscope techniques and biochemical microbial analysis methods that may provide a framework for future emitter biofilm studies.

关键词： emitter clogging, drip irrigation biofilm microbial community phospholipid fatty acid reclaimed wastewater scanningelectron microscopy

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It is Time for a Change： oPetri Dishes Weaken Cells

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2012年第3期9卷 353-357页

作者： Andrei P. Sommer mike Kh. Haddad Hans-Joerg Fecht Institute of Micro and Nanomaterials University of Ulm 89081 Ulm Germany Institute for Nanotechnology Karlsruhe Institute for Technology 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany

We wish to draw the attention to a potential deficiency in the biocompatibility of polystyrene cell culture dishes which is caused by a softening of the material under relevant culture conditions. The finding confirms the central hypothesis of our previous model study. In it we assumed a local increase in pH at the interface between the hydrophilic polymer and liquid. The finding is of considerable biological interest. Polystyrene tissue culture dishes are now in use for 50 years. To the best of our knowledge their biocompatibility has never been challenged. Here we report the first experimental proof that exposure to water softens the surface of polystyrene Petri dishes. We expect that our results will stimulate the development of a new generation of cell culture devices, including Petri dishes and culture flasks, and the establishment of improved biomimetic settings for tissue engineering and stem cell research. New non-swelling biomaterials or nanocoatings designed to reduce the swelling of polymer ct, lture dishes could improve cell performance. The need for further study is clear.

关键词： Petri dish polystyrene biomimetic triangle nanoindentation stem cells diamond

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Impacts of climate change on seasonal extreme waves in the Northwest Atlantic using a Spatial Neural Gas clustering method

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Journal of Ocean Engineering and Science 2023年第4期8卷 367-385页

作者： Hamid Goharnejad Will Perrie Bash Toulany mike Casey Minghong Zhang Fisheries and Oceans Canada Bedford Institute of OceanographyDartmouthNova ScotiaCanada

Having estimates of wave climate parameters and extreme values play important roles for a variety of different societal activities,such as coastal management,design of inshore and offshore structures,marine transport,coastal recreational activities,fisheries,*** study investigates the efficiency of a state-of-the-art spatial neutral gas clustering method in the classification of wind/wave data and the evaluation of extreme values of significant wave heights(Hs),mean wave direction(MWD)and mean wave periods(T0)for two 39-year time periods;from 1979 to 2017 for the present climate,and from 2060 to 2098,for a future climate change scenario in the Northwest *** data were constructed by application of a numerical model,WAVEWATCHIII TM(hereafter,WW3),to simulate the wave climate for the study area for both present and future *** from the model was extracted for the wave climate,in terms of the wave parameters,specifically Hs,MWD and T0,which were analyzed and compared for winter and summer seasons,for present and future *** order to estimate extreme values in the study area,a Natural Gas(hereafter,NG)clustering method was applied,separate clusters were identified,and corresponding centroid points were *** analyze data at each centroid point,time series of wave parameters were extracted,and using standard stochastic models,such as Gumbel,exponential and Weibull distribution functions,the extreme values for 50 and 100-year return periods were ***,the impacts of climate change on wave regimes and extreme values can be specified.

关键词： Extreme wave parameters WW3 RCP8.5 Spatial neural gas clustering method

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Inhomogeneity,dynamical symmetry,and complexity in high-temperature superconductors:Reconciling a universal phase diagram with rich local disorder

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2011年第4期56卷 367-371页

作者： GUIDRY mike SUN Yang WU ChengLi Department of Physics Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Tennessee Knoxville Tennessee 37996-1200 USA physics Department Chung Yuan Christian University ChungLi Taiwan 32023 China

A model for high-temperature superconductors incorporating antiferromagnetism,d-wave superconductivity,and no double lattice-site occupancy can give energy surfaces delicately balanced between antiferromagnetic and superconducting order for specific ranges of doping and temperature. The resulting properties can reconcile a universal cuprate phase diagram with rich inhomogeneity,relate that inhomogeneity to pseudogaps,give a fundamental rationale for giant proximity eects and other emergent behavior,and provide an objective framework to separate essential from peripheral in the superconducting mechanism.

关键词：高温超导体不均匀性相图调和复杂性对称性反铁磁性 d波超导

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World Society for Pediatric Infectious Diseases declaration on combating antimicrobial resistance in children

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2018年第6期14卷 523-524页

作者： Jim Buttery Yonghong Yang mike Sharland Department of Infection and Immunity Monash Children’s Hospital246 Clayton RoadClaytonMelbourneVIC 3168Australia Monash University MelbourneVICAustralia Beijing Children’s Hospital Affi liated to Capital Medical University BeijingPeople’s R epublic of China Shenzhen Children’s Hospital ShenzhenPeople’s R epublic of China Pediatric Infectious Diseases Research Group St George’sUniversity of LondonLondonUK

Preface The rise of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is recognised as a major threat to global health. The United Nations' Sustain-able Development Goals (SDG) do not explicitly address AMR, but many of the targets within the goals depend on effective therapy for infectious diseases. Notably, these include targets 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, and 3.8, relating to the reduc-tion of early life mortality, eradicating ongoing epidemics including AIDS, tuberculosis and malaria, and achieving universal health coverage, as well as targets relating to pov-erty, malnourishment, and education (1)The World Health Organization (WHO) recognised the outstanding importance of AMR by passing a Global Action Plan in 2015 and declar-ing AMR a global priority (2)However, the WHO Global Action Plan on AMR mentions children only twice and to date includes no specific objectives or action points focusing on child health.

关键词： Diseases World Society children

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Global collaboration on Biomaterials is starting with Binational WorkshopseSino-German Workshop on Biomaterials in Beijing 2016

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Bioactive Materials 2017年第1期2卷 51-52页

作者： Frank Witte mike Barbeck Yufeng Zheng Julius Wolff Institute and Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative TherapiesCharité-Universitätsmedizin BerlinAugustenburger Platz 113353 BerlinGermany Botiss GmbH Ullsteinstrasse 10812109 BerlinGermany Department of Materials Science and Engineering College of EngineeringPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China

Bioactive Materials is reporting about international events which may promote biomaterial research beyond national *** this regard,both countries,Germany and China have become global players in the field of health economy in the last decades.A sino-german platform for life sciences has already been founded in the field of health economy that enables for more cooperative projects between both research and economy from both ***,many different research projects have already been conducted between both ***,cooperation between researchers,clinicians and industry of different disciplines and fields is especially essential for the progress in biomaterial research and related ***,material scientists,biologists and physicians amongst many others are participating in this research field and are ambitious to find mutual solutions for the regeneration of various *** collaborative research and the markets for biomedical products become more and more global and,thus,programs to sustained established cooperative research are desirable.

关键词： sustained starting mutual

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