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Effects of improved amino acid balance diet on lysine mammary utilization, whole body protein turnover and muscle protein breakdown on lactating sows

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第05期 2031-2043页

作者： Sai Zhang Juan C.Marini Vengai Mavangira Andrew Claude Julie Moore Mahmoud A.Mohammad Nathalie L.trottier Department of Animal Science Michigan State University State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South ChinaMinistry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition Institute of Animal Science Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center and Pediatric Critical Care Medicine Department of Pediatrics Baylor College of Medicine Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences Michigan State University

Background The study objective was to test the hypothesis that low crude protein(CP) diet with crystalline amino acids(CAA) supplementation improves Lys utilization efficiency for milk production and reduces protein turnover and muscle protein breakdown. Eighteen lactating multiparous Yorkshire sows were allotted to 1 of 2 isocaloric diets(10.80 MJ/kg net energy): control(CON; 19.24% CP) and reduced CP with “optimal” AA profile(OPT; 14.00% CP). Sow body weight and backfat were recorded on d 1 and 21 of lactation and piglets were weighed on d 1, 14, 18, and 21 of lactation. Between d 14 and 18, a subset of 9 sows(CON = 4, OPT = 5) was infused with a mixed solution of 3-[methyl-2H3]histidine(bolus injection) and [13C]bicarbonate(priming dose) first, then a constant 2-h [13C]bicarbonate infusion followed by a 6-h primed constant [1-13C]lysine infusion. Serial blood and milk sampling were performed to determine plasma and milk Lys enrichment, Lys oxidation rate, whole body protein turnover, and muscle protein *** Over the 21-d lactation period, compared to CON, sows fed OPT had greater litter growth rate(P < 0.05). Compared to CON, sows fed OPT had greater efficiency of Lys(P < 0.05), Lys mammary flux(P < 0.01) and whole-body protein turnover efficiency(P < 0.05). Compared to CON, sows fed OPT tended to have lower whole body protein breakdown rate(P = 0.069). Muscle protein breakdown rate did not differ between OPT and CON(P = 0.197).Conclusion Feeding an improved AA balance diet increased efficiency of Lys and reduced whole-body protein turnover and protein breakdown. These results imply that the lower maternal N retention observed in lactating sows fed improved AA balance diets in previous studies may be a result of greater partitioning of AA towards milk rather than greater body protein breakdown.

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Effect of dietary near ideal amino acid profile on heat production of lactating sows exposed to thermal neutral and heat stress conditions

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2021年第2期12卷 739-754页

作者： S.Zhang J.S.Johnson N.L.trottier Department of Animal Science Michigan State UniversityEast Lansing 48824USA USDA-ARS Livestock Behavior Research Unit West Lafayette 47907USA

Background:Reduced protein diet manifested potential to mitigate heat production based on the concept of ideal amino acid *** hypothesis of this study was that lactating sows fed a low crude protein(LCP)diet with supplemental amino acid produce less heat compared to those fed a high crude protein(HCP)diet under both thermal neutral(TN)and heat stress(HS)***:Thirty-two lactating sows were allotted to HCP(193 g CP/kg)and LCP(140 g CP/kg)diets under thermal neutral(TN,21±1.5°C)or cycling heat stress(HS,32±1.5°C daytime and 24±1.5°C nighttime)*** contained 0.90%SID lysine and 10.8 MJ/kg net *** pressure indirect calorimeters were used to measure gas exchange in individual sows with litters,and individual piglets on days 4,8,14 and *** and litter weights were recorded on days 1,10 and ***:Sow total heat production(THP)was calculated by subtracting litter THP from sow+litter THP based on *** BW and body protein(BP)loss was greater for LCP diet compared to HCP diet in peak lactation(P<0.05 and P<0.01,respectively)and throughout the entire lactation period(P<0.05 and P=0.056,respectively)under HS ***-stressed sows fed HCP diet had higher(P<0.05)rectal temperature at 13:00(P<0.05)and 19:00(P<0.01),and higher respiration rate at 07:00(P<0.05),13:00(P<0.05)and 19:00(P<0.05)compared to TN sows fed HCP *** sows fed LCP diet,those under HS tended to have higher(P=0.098)rectal temperature at 13:00 and had higher(P<0.05)respiration rate at 07:00,13:00 and 19:00 compared to TN *** relationship between daily THP and days in lactation of sows fed LCP diet was quadratic(P<0.05),with an ascending trend until day 14 and a descending trend from days 14 to *** fed LCP diet had lower daily THP at day 18(P<0.001)compared to those fed the HCP diet under HS ***:Reduction in THP in sows fed LCP diet was largely associated with THP on day 18 of lactation under HS *** LCP die

关键词： Amino acid Heat stress Lactating sows Low protein diet Total heat production

Reduced protein diet with near ideal amino acid profile improves energy efficiency and mitigate heat production associated with lactation in sows

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2020年第2期11卷 587-601页

作者： Sai Zhang Jay S.Johnson Mu Qiao Nathalie L.trottier Department of Animal Science Michigan State UniversityEast Lansing 48824USA USDA-ARS Livestock Behavior Research Unit West Lafayette 47907USA Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Hubei Academy of Agricultural SciencesWuhan 430064China

Background:The study objective was to test the hypothesis that 1)lowering dietary crude protein(CP)increases dietary energetic efficiency and reduces metabolic heat associated with lactation,and 2)excessive dietary leucine(Leu)supplementation in a low CP diet decreases dietary energetic efficiency and increases metabolic heat associated with ***:Fifty-four lactating multiparous Yorkshire sows were allotted to 1 of 3 isocaloric diets(10.80 MJ/kg net energy):1)control(CON;18.75%CP),2)reduced CP with a near ideal or optimal AA profile(OPT;13.75%CP)and 3)diet OPT with excessive Leu(OPTLEU;14.25%CP).Sow body weight and backfat were recorded on day 1 and 21 of lactation and piglets were weighed on day 1,4,8,14,18,and 21 of *** balance was measured on sows during early(day 4 to 8)and peak(day 14 to18)lactation,and milk was sampled on day 8 and ***:Over 21-day lactation,sows fed OPT lost body weight and body lipid(P<0.05).In peak lactation,sows fed OPT had higher milk energy output(P<0.05)than *** fed OPTLEU tended(P=0.07)to have less milk energy output than OPT and did not differ from *** energy retention was lower(P<0.05)in OPT and OPTLEU compared to CON sows,and did not differ between OPTLEU and OPT *** fed OPT had higher(P<0.05)apparent energy efficiency for milk production compared to *** production associated with lactation was lower(P<0.05)or tended to be lower(P=0.082),respectively,in OPT and OPTLEU compared to CON ***:The OPT diet,in peak lactation,improved dietary energy utilization for lactation due to less urinary energy and metabolic heat loss,and triggered dietary energy deposition into milk at the expense of maternal lipid *** supplementation above requirement may reduce dietary energy utilization for lactation by decreasing the energy partitioning towards milk,partially explaining the effectiveness of OPT diet over CON diets.

关键词： Amino acid Energy balance Heat production Lactating sows Leucine Reduced protein diet

Hamiltonian Characterization for Dipolar Coupled Spin Systems

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Journal of Physical Science and Application 2014年第6期4卷 358-368页

作者： Denis-Alexandre trottier Virginia Jauregui-Villanueva Jingfu Zhang Institute for Quantum Computing and Department of Physics University of Waterloo Waterloo Ontario Canada N2L 3G1 Institute of Nuclear Sciences National Autonomus University of Mexico Apdo. Postal 70-543 04510 Mexico City

Measuring the Hamiltonian of dipolar coupled spin systems is usually a difficult task due to the high complexity of their spectra. Currently, molecules with unknown geometrical structure and low symmetry are extremely tedious or impossible to analyze by sheer spectral fitting. We present a novel method that addresses the problem of spectral analysis and report experimental results of extracting, by spectral fitting, the parameters of an oriented 6-spin system with very low symmetry in structure, without using apriori knowledge or assumptions on the molecular geometry or order parameters. The advantages of our method are achieved with the use of a new spectral analysis algorithm non-assigned frequency optimization of NMR spectra （NAFONS） and by the use of simplified spectra obtained by transition selective pulses. This new method goes beyond the limit of spectral analysis for dipolar coupled spin systems and is helpful for related fields, such as quantum computation and molecular structure analysis.

关键词： Quantum computing Internal Hamiltonian liquid crystal solvent 6-qubit molecule NAFONS NMR simulation dipolar couplings.

Verbal Assistance within the Context of an IADL Evaluation

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Open Journal of Therapy and Rehabilitation 2014年第4期2卷 182-198页

作者： Guylaine Le Dorze Judith Villeneuve Anna Zumbansen Michèle Masson-trottier Carolina Bottari School of Speech-Language Therapy and Audiology Faculty of Medicine Université de Montréal Montreal Canada Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation of Greater Montreal Montreal Canada Occupational Therapy Program School of Rehabilitation Faculty of Medicine Université de Montréal Montreal Canada

Objective: The aim of this study was to identify the types of verbal assistance that facilitate task progression in individuals with cognitive deficits secondary to traumatic brain injury (TBI). Methods: Two individuals with moderate-to-severe TBI needing verbal assistance to complete the “Obtaining Information task” of the Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Profile were selected. A qualitative conversational analysis was conducted on the complete verbatim of the interactions that occurred between the evaluator and each participant while planning how they would find the information. The evaluator provided the least possible assistance to observe the maximal levels of independence of each individual. Results and Outcomes: Six types of verbal assistance, offered in response to each participant’s specific problems, facilitated goal formulation for finding information: restarting, scaffolding, cueing, action priming, offer of a strategy, and explicit advice. Explicit advice that involved the therapist thinking for the person was only provided after numerous other types of more implicit assistance had failed to facilitate task progression. Conclusions: Therapists can facilitate task-related goal formulation and attainment in individuals with cognitive limitations using several types of well-adjusted verbal assistance.

关键词： Traumatic Brain Injury Verbal Assistance Qualitative Analysis IADL

Chronic Immune Activation and Sexual Exposure among HIV Serodiscordant Couples in Senegal

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Advances in Infectious Diseases 2019年第2期9卷 122-136页

作者： Assane Diouf Helen trottier Moustapha Mbow Abdoulaye Seck Khadim Dramé Cheikh Tidiane Ndour Moussa Seydi Souleymane Mboup Vinh-Kim Nguyen Assan Jaye Department of Infectious Diseases/Regional Research and Training Center on HIV and Associated Diseases Fann’s University Hospital Center Dakar Senegal School of Public Health Department of Social and Preventive Medicine Université de Montréal Montreal Canada Sainte-Justine University Hospital Research Center Montreal Canada Department of Immunology FMPO Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar Senegal Pasteur Institute Dakar Senegal Division of Fight against Aids (DLSI) Dakar Senegal IRESSEF: Institut de Recherche en Santé de Surveillance épidémiologique et de Formation Dakar Sénégal Research Center of the Montreal University Hospital Center (CRCHUM) Montreal Canada Medical Research Council Unit The Gambia London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine Fajara The Gambia

Purpose: In Sub-Saharan Africa, an important proportion of incident HIV cases occur among heterosexual serodiscordant couples (HSDC) but the majority of HIV negative partners can remain seronegative. These are called HIV-exposed seronegative (HESN). We aimed to compare immune activation (IA) levels between HESN, their HIV infected counterparts (HIV+ partners) and HIV unexposed uninfected individuals (HIV-neg Controls) and to evaluate the association between sexual exposure to HIV (SEHIV) and IA. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study in Dakar, Senegal on 148 participants recruited between November 2013 and February 2014: 40 HIV-neg Controls, 54 HESN and 54 HIV+ Partners. SEHIV was evaluated individually using questionnaires. IA level was measured by plasma level of β2-microglobulin (β2m). Logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the different associations. Results: The median levels of β2m were 1.57 mg/l (IQR: 1.37 - 1.77), 2.14 mg/l (IQR: 1.76 - 2.43) and 2.24 mg/l (IQR: 1.80 - 3.17) for HIV-neg Controls, HESN and HIV+ partners, respectively. After adjustment, HESN had similar levels of IA with HIV+ partners but significantly higher than that of HIV-neg Controls (adjusted OR = 6.28;95% CI: [2.19 - 18.00]). The association between IA and SEHIV was evaluated in the HIV negative individuals. High frequency of SEHIV was associated with a β2m > 2.2 mg/l (OR = 6.56;95% CI: [1.71 - 25.21]);significantly more than median cut off value of >1.81 mg/l. Conclusions: Our study shows that, despite being uninfected with HIV, HESN individuals show a high level of IA, which was depended on the level of SEHIV.

关键词： HIV Serodiscordant Couples Immune Activation Sexual Exposure

降低日粮蛋白质含量并补充氨基酸对泌乳母猪生产性能、乳腺吸收效率和转运体基因表达的影响

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中国饲料 2016年第15期 32-43页

作者： Manjarin R Zamora V Wu G Steibel J P Kirkwood R N Taylor N P Wils-Plotz E Trifilo K trottier N L 密歇根州立大学动物科学学院东兰辛48824 墨西哥州Montecillo研究生院墨西哥56230 德克萨斯州农工大学动物科学和营养学部学院站77843 密歇根州立大学渔业和野生动物系东兰辛48824 美国密歇根州立大学大型动物临床科学系东兰辛48824

为验证降低日粮蛋白质水平并补充晶体氨基酸是否可以提高氨基酸用于泌乳母猪产奶的使用效率,试验选用3种日粮,蛋白质含量分别为9.5%(不足型)、13.5%(理想型)和17.5%(标准型)饲喂泌乳母猪,各日粮氨基酸水平相同。检测乳腺氨基酸动静脉浓... 详细信息

为验证降低日粮蛋白质水平并补充晶体氨基酸是否可以提高氨基酸用于泌乳母猪产奶的使用效率,试验选用3种日粮,蛋白质含量分别为9.5%(不足型)、13.5%(理想型)和17.5%(标准型)饲喂泌乳母猪,各日粮氨基酸水平相同。检测乳腺氨基酸动静脉浓度差(A-V)、氨基酸运输效率(A-V/A×100)、氨基酸转运载体和乳蛋白基因的转录丰度。在第7和18天,收集采食后动脉、乳腺静脉血液和乳腺组织样品。使用定量PCR测定氨基酸转运载体b0,+AT(SLC7A9)、Y+LAT2(SLC7A6)、ATB0,+(SLC6A14)、CAT-1(SLC7A1)、CAT-2b(SLC7A2)以及β酪蛋白(CSN2)和α乳清蛋白(LALBA)的转录丰度。结果表明,随着蛋白质含量从不足型到标准型逐渐增加,仔猪日增重呈曲线上升(线性和二次方,P<0.03)。第7天,随粗蛋白质含量增加,赖氨酸和精氨酸A-V、运输效率呈二次方增加(P<0.05)。第18天,随粗蛋白质含量增加,赖氨酸A-V呈增加趋势(线性,P=0.08)。第7天,随着粗蛋白质含量增加,异亮氨酸和缬氨酸A-V增加(呈线性,分别为P=0.05和P=0.08)。第18天,异亮氨酸和缬氨酸浓度增加(呈线性,分别为P=0.04和P=0.07)。第7天,血液支链AA(BCAA):赖氨酸(Lys)比值呈二次方降低(P<0.05)。SLC7A9、SLC7A6、SLC6A14、SLC7A1、SLC7A2、CSN2和LALBA的基因表达不受日粮影响。总之,日粮蛋白质含量从17.5%下降到13.5%,并补充晶体氨基酸并不影响仔猪日增重,氨基酸转运载体或乳蛋白基因的表达,但可以增加泌乳第7天乳腺运输效率和赖氨酸与精氨酸动静脉浓度差。这种增加与血液BCAA∶Lys比值下降有关,表明氨基酸运输至乳腺细胞时,阳离子型AA和BCAA之间存在竞争机制。

关键词：氨基酸效率基因哺乳期母猪转运载体

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二氧化氯制备、使用和安全性评述

二氧化氯制备、使用和安全性评述

饲粮蛋白质水平对泌乳母猪乳房动静脉血液中葡萄糖、胰岛素、催乳激素和IGF-1浓度的影响

二氧化氯研究与应用——2011二氧化氯与水处理技术研讨会

作者： C.Michael trottier Ray Ehrhart Scott Glynn 美国杜邦公司

单向和循环系统中,二氧化氯(ClO2)是微生物控制的氧化剂之一。本文重点阐述了二氧化氯在饮用水和冷却系统中的使用方法和安全性,对二氧化氯不同的反应和制备方法进行了评述,并分析了二氧化氯的使用性能和分析技术。

关键词：二氧化氯抗菌剂杀菌剂生物膜消毒饮用水冷却水现场制备

来源： cnki会议评论

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饲料与畜牧（新饲料） 2012年第11期 35-39页

作者： Chantal Farmer Xinfu Guanb Nathalie L trottier 詹黎明(译) 郭吉余(校) 不详广东海大集团股份有限公司畜牧水产研究中心

乳房中营养物质的吸收依赖于其养分在血液循环中的有效利用率,其中激素的作用机制尚不明确。本试验研究不同蛋白质水平对母猪乳腺动、静脉中葡萄糖、胰岛素、催乳激素和IGF-1浓度的影响。选取16头泌乳母猪,随机分为4组,每头母猪哺乳11... 详细信息

乳房中营养物质的吸收依赖于其养分在血液循环中的有效利用率,其中激素的作用机制尚不明确。本试验研究不同蛋白质水平对母猪乳腺动、静脉中葡萄糖、胰岛素、催乳激素和IGF-1浓度的影响。选取16头泌乳母猪,随机分为4组,每头母猪哺乳11头出生48h内的乳猪,在整个泌乳期分别饲喂粗蛋白含量为7.8%、13.0%、18.2%和23.5%的等能日粮。泌乳后的第4d在前部乳房静脉和颈动脉插管,分别在10d、14d、18d和22d每30min收集一次血样,检测血液中葡萄糖、胰岛素、IGF-I和催乳激素(PRL)浓度,通过测定母猪氨基酸含量确定代谢物的相互关系。23.5%和18.2%蛋白组对母猪胰岛素和PRL没有影响(P>0.1),仅在第18d动静脉IGF-I浓度前者影响较大(P=0.05)。与其他粗蛋白水平相比,在18d和22d,13%蛋白组母猪的动脉和静脉葡萄糖浓度较高(P0.1)。乳房动、静脉总差异(P<0.01)和(P<0.05)必需氨基酸也与乳房动静脉催乳素差异紧密相关。总之,日粮蛋白质水平不影响乳房动、静脉差异和催乳激素的循环浓度,但是乳腺对氨基酸的利用可能调节胰岛素循环浓度和乳腺细胞对催乳素的吸收利用。

关键词：激素泌乳乳房蛋白质摄入母猪