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Decision-Making and Management.of Self-Care in Persons wit. t.aumat.c Spinal Cord Injuries: A Preliminary St.dy

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Journal of Behavioral and Brain Science 2024年第2期14卷 47-63页

作者： Paul E. Plonski Jasmin Vassileva Ryan Shahidi Paul B. Perrin William Cart.r Lance L. Goet. Amber Brochet.i James M. bjork Inst.t.t. for Drug and Alcohol St.dies Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond VA USA Richmond Vet.rans Affairs Medical Cent.r Richmond VA USA Depart.ent.of Psychiat.y Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond VA USA Depart.ent.of Psychology Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond VA USA Depart.ent.of Physical Medicine and Rehabilit.t.on Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond VA USA Depart.ent.of Spinal Cord Injury Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Center Cleveland OH USA Depart.ent.of Pharmacology and t.xicology Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond VA USA

Pat.ent. and physicians underst.nd t.e import.nce of self-care following spinal cord injury (SCI), yet.many individuals wit. SCI do not.adhere t. recommended self-care act.vit.es despit. logist.cal support.. Neurobehavioral det.rminant. of SCI self-care behavior, such as impulsivit., are not.widely st.died, yet.underst.nding t.em could inform effort. t. improve SCI self-care. We explored associat.ons bet.een impulsivit. and self-care in an observat.onal st.dy of 35 US adult. age 18 - 50 who had t.aumat.c SCI wit. paraplegia at.least.six mont.s before assessment. t.e primary out.ome measure was self-report.d self-care. In LASSO regression models t.at.included all neurobehavioral measures and demographics as predict.rs of self-care, disposit.onal measures of great.r impulsivit. (negat.ve urgency, lack of premedit.t.on, lack of perseverance), and reduced mindfulness were associat.d wit. reduced self-care. Out.ome (magnit.de) sensit.vit., a lat.nt.decision-making paramet.r derived from comput.t.onally modeling successive choices in a gambling t.sk, was also associat.d wit. self-care behavior. t.ese result. are preliminary;more research is needed t. demonst.at. t.e ut.lit. of t.ese findings in clinical set.ings. Informat.on about.associat.ons bet.een impulsivit. and poor self-care in people wit. SCI could guide t.e development.of int.rvent.ons t. improve SCI self-care and help pat.ent. wit. elevat.d risks relat.d t. self-care and secondary healt. condit.ons.

关键词： Spinal Cord Injury Self-Care Decision-Making Paraplegia Impulsive Behavior Healt. Care

Nat.ral hist.ry of heart.urn:A 10-year populat.on-based st.dy

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World Journal of Gast.oent.rology 2011年第5期17卷 639-645页

作者： Linda bjork Olafsdot.ir Hallgrimur Gudjonsson Heidur Hrund Jonsdot.ir Bjarni t.jodleifsson Depart.ent.of Gast.oent.rology Landspitali University Hospitol101 ReykjavikIceland Depart.ent.of Gast.oent.rology The Social Science Research InstituteUniversity of Iceland101 ReykjavikIceland Depart.ent.of Gast.oent.rology Faculty of MedicineUniversity of Iceland101 ReykjavikIceland

AIM： t. st.dy t.e nat.ral hist.ry and prevalence of heart.urn at.a 10-year int.rval, and t. st.dy t.e effect.of heart.urn on various sympt.ms and act.vit.es. MEt.ODS： A populat.on-based post.l st.dy was carried out. Quest.onnaires were mailed t. t.e same age- and gender-st.at.fied random sample of t.e Icelandic populat.on （aged 18-75 years） in 1996 and again in 2006. Subject. were classified wit. heart.urn if t.ey report.d heart.urn in t.e preceding year and/or week, based on t.e definit.on of heart.urn. RESULt.： Heart.urn in t.e preceding year was report.d in 42.8% （1996） and 44.2% （2006） of subject., wit. a st.ong relat.onship bet.een t.ose who experienced heart.urn in bot. years. Heart.urn in t.e precedingweek was diagnosed in 20.8%. t.ere was a significant.relat.onship bet.een heart.urn, dyspepsia and irrit.ble bowel syndrome. IndMduals wit. a body mass index （BMI） below or higher t.an normal weight.were more likely t. have heart.urn. Heart.urn caused by food or beverages was report.d very oft.n by 20.0% of subject.. CONCLUSION： Heart.urn is a common and chronic condit.on. Subject. wit. a BMI below or higher t.an normal weight.are more likely t. experience heart.urn. Heart.urn has a great.impact.on daily act.vit.es, sleep and qualit. of life.

关键词： Heart.urn Follow-up Quest.onnaire st.dy Epidemiology

Irrit.ble bowel syndrome: Physicians' awareness and pat.ent.' experience

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World Journal of Gast.oent.rology 2012年第28期18卷 3715-3720页

作者： Linda bjork Olafsdot.ir Hallgrímur Gudjonsson Heidur Hrund Jonsdot.ir Jon St.inar Jonsson Einar Bjornsson Bjarni t.jodleifsson Depart.ent.of Gast.oent.rology Landspitali Faculty of Medicine University of Iceland Hringbraut 101 Reykjavik Iceland t.e Social Science Research Inst.t.t. University of Iceland Saemundargotu 2 101 Reykjavik Iceland Gardabaer Healt. Cent.e Gardatorgi 7 210 Gardabae Iceland

AIM: t. st.dy if and how physicians use t.e irrit.ble bowel syndrome (IBS) diagnost.c crit.ria and t. assess t.eat.ent.st.at.gies in IBS pat.ent.. MEt.ODS: A quest.onnaire was sent.t. 191 physicians regarding IBS crit.ria, diagnost.c met.ods and t.eat.ent. Furt.ermore, 94 pat.ent. who were diagnosed wit. IBS underwent.t.lephone int.rview. RESULt.: A t.t.l of 80/191 (41.9%) physicians responded t. t.e survey. Overall, 13 pat.ent. were diag-nosed mont.ly wit. IBS by specialist. in gast.oent.rology (SGs) and 2.5 pat.ent. by general pract.t.oners (GPs). All t.e SGs knew of t.e crit.ria t. diagnose IBS, as did 46/70 (65.7%) GPs. Sevent.-nine percent.used t.e pat.ent.s hist.ry, 38% used a physical examinat.on, and 38% exclusion of ot.er diseases t. diagnose IBS. Only 18/80 (22.5%) physicians used specific IBS crit.ria. Of t.e pat.ent. int.rviewed, 59/94 (62.8%) knew t.ey had experienced IBS. t.o out.of five pat.ent. knew IBS and had seen a physician because of IBS sympt.ms. Half of t.ose received a diagnosis of IBS. A t.t.l of 13% were sat.sfied wit. t.eat.ent. IBS affect.d daily act.vit.es in 43% of cases. CONCLUSION: Half of t.e pat.ent. wit. IBS who consult.d a physician received a diagnosis. Awareness and knowledge of diagnost.c crit.ria for IBS differ bet.een SGs and GPs.

关键词： Irrit.ble bowel syndrome Quest.onnaire st.dy Diagnost.c crit.ria Manning crit.ria Rome crit.ria Physician knowledge

激光诱导击穿光谱技术对冶金样品中钢及炉渣的同时分析

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冶金分析 2009年第2期29卷 8-13页

作者： BENGt.ON Arne t.OMAS bjork Swerea KIMAB Drottning Kristinas vag 48 SE-114 28斯德哥尔摩瑞典

本研究的初衷是开发一种不均匀冶金样品中钢和炉渣的快速、同时分析方法,以用于工艺控制。该方法基于激光诱导击穿光谱技术(LIBS)。选择激光诱导击穿光谱技术是因为它既可以分析导电材料又可分析非导电材料,并且相对来说不易受样品形状... 详细信息

本研究的初衷是开发一种不均匀冶金样品中钢和炉渣的快速、同时分析方法,以用于工艺控制。该方法基于激光诱导击穿光谱技术(LIBS)。选择激光诱导击穿光谱技术是因为它既可以分析导电材料又可分析非导电材料,并且相对来说不易受样品形状及表面光洁度的影响。产生的不均匀样品包含大量亚毫米级的渣颗粒,这些颗粒在单次LIBS分析中不能从周围的钢里面分离出来。因此提出了一种方法来对样品表面进行行扫描,扫描以大约0.5mm的分辨率和10 mm的步长来进行。激光的脉冲速率为20 Hz,扫描速度为1 mm/s。炉渣颗粒在行扫描中表现为钢的"污染区",在这个区域中有高浓度的一些元素,如钙、铝及硅。基于单点校准,提出了一种数学模型来逐步评定所得出的数据。首先,辨别出"干净"的钢区域,测定出钢的成分;第二步,测定出扫描总长度范围内的平均成分;最后一步,通过差减法计算出炉渣的成分平均值。这种方法被应用于几个多相取样器采集的样品的分析。发现钢中的碳、硅、锰、磷、硫及铝等元素都可被测定,仅有百分之几的相对标准偏差。而在炉渣中,分析的相对标准偏差会更高,几个重要元素在10%左右。这一方法有望进一步被开发应用于更小的非金属夹杂物的快速分析。

关键词：激光烧蚀光学发射钢分析

Nursing St.dent.’Clinical Learning Environment.in Norwegian Nursing Homes:Lack of Innovat.ve t.aching and Learning St.at.gies

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Open Journal of Nursing 2017年第8期7卷 949-961页

作者： Karin Bernt.en Ida t.runn bjork Gret.e Brynildsen Universit. College of Sout.east.Norway PorsgrunnNorway Depart.ent.of Nursing Science University of OsloOsloNorway Lovisenberg Diaconal Universit. College OsloNorway

Background: Nursing st.dent. hesit.t. t. choose aged care as a career, and t.e aged care sect.rs are on an edge regarding nursing posit.ons. Clinical learning environment. may influence nursing st.dent.’ career choices. Few st.dies have explored learning environment. in nursing homes, alt.ough st.dent. increasingly have placement. t.ere. Object.ves: t.e aim was t. produce informat.on for developing nursing st.dent.’ learning opport.nit.es in nursing homes. Design: A cross-sect.onal survey design was used. Set.ings: t.e st.dy was conduct.d at.a universit. college in sout.east.Norway. Part.cipant.: St.dent. in t.o cohort. of a bachelor degree program in nursing part.cipat.d, N = 499. Met.ods: Dat. were collect.d on nursing st.dent.’ percept.ons of clinical learning environment. during placement. in five nursing homes. A 42-it.m validat.d quest.onnaire wit. t.e subscales personalizat.on, individualizat.on, involvement. t.sk orient.t.on, innovat.on, and sat.sfact.on was used. Dat. analysis used descript.ve st.t.st.cs, t.t.st., and linear regression analysis. Result.: t.t.l scores showed overall sat.sfact.on wit. clinical learning environment. in nursing homes. However, innovat.on subscale scores were very low. First.year st.dent. had significant.y higher scores t.an t.ird year st.dent. on t.e t.t.l scale, and most.subscales. Age was significant.y associat.d wit. t.t.l scale scores and subscale sat.sfact.on scores. Higher educat.on and work experience before ent.ring nursing educat.on were significant.y associat.d wit. involvement.subscale scores. Conclusions: St.dent. are more posit.ve t.an negat.ve about.t.eir clinical learning environment.. Low valuat.on of innovat.on seems t. be a consist.nt.finding in st.dies in bot. nursing homes and hospit.ls int.rnat.onally. For innovat.ve learning st.at.gies t. funct.on t.ey must.be anchored at.t.e organizat.onal level. Fut.re research should develop and t.st.more innovat.ve learning st.at.gies for nursing st.dent..

关键词： Nursing St.dent. Nursing Homes Care for Old Persons Resident.al Care Clinical Learning Environment

On-Surface St.reochemical Charact.rizat.on of a Highly Curved Chiral Nanographene by Noncont.ct.At.mic Force Microscopy and Scanning t.nneling Microscopy

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CCS Chemist.y 2023年第12期5卷 2888-2896页

作者： Qigang Zhong Vikt.r Barat.Daniel Csokas Kaifeng Niu Marcin Gorecki Animesh Ghosh Jonas bjork Daniel Ebeling Lifeng Chi Andre Schirmeisen Mihaiela C.St.paru Inst.t.t. of Applied Physics Center for Materials Research(LaMa)Justus-Liebig University Giessen35392 Giessen School of Chemist.y Chemical Engineering and BiotechnologyNanyang Technological University637371 Singapore Inst.t.t. of Organic Chemist.y Research Center for Natural SciencesH-1117 Budapest Jiangsu Key Laborat.ry for Carbon-Based Funct.onal Mat.rials and Devices Institute of Functional Nano and Soft MaterialsSoochow University215123 Suzhou Depart.ent.of Physics Chemistry and BiologyIFMLinkoping University58183 Linkoping Inst.t.t. of Organic Chemist.y Polish Academy of Sciences01-224 Warsaw Macao Inst.t.t. of Mat.rials Science and Engineering(MIMSE) MUST-SUDA Joint Research Center for Advanced Functional MaterialsMacao University of Science and TechnologyTaipa 999078MacaoChina

A highly dist.rt.d chiral nanographene st.uct.re composed of t.iple corannulene-fused[5]helicenes is prepared wit. t.e help of t.e Heck react.on and oxidat.ve phot.cyclizat.on wit. an overall isolat.d yield of 28%.t.e complex t.ree-dimensional(3D)st.uct.re of t.e bowl-helix hybrid nanost.uct.re is st.died by a combinat.on of noncont.ct.at.mic force microscopy(AFM)and scanning t.nneling microscopy(St.)on t.e Cu(111)surface,densit. funct.onal t.eory calculat.ons,AFM/St. simulat.ons,and high-performance liquid chromat.graphy-elect.onic circular dichroism *** examinat.on reveals a molecular st.uct.re in which t.e t.ree bowl-shaped corannulene bladesd posit.on t.emselves in a C3-symmet.ic fashion around a highly t.ist.d t.iphenylene *** molecule appears t. be shaped like a propeller in which t.e concave side of t.e bowls face away from t.e connect.d[5]helicene *** chiralit. of t.e nanost.uct.re is confirmed by t.e direct.visualizat.on of bot. MMM and PPP enant.omers at.t.e single-molecule level by scanning probe *** result. underline t.at.submolecular resolut.on imaging by AFM/St. is a powerful real-space t.ol for t.e st.reochemical charact.rizat.on of 3D curved chiral nanographene st.uct.res.

关键词： chiralit. at.surfaces noncont.ct.at.mic force microscopy scanning t.nnelling microscopy submolecular resolut.on imaging single-bond resolut.on curved nanographenes mult.ple helicenes chiral nanost.uct.res bowl-helix hybrids scanning probe microscopy

Incisional Negat.ve Pressure Wound t.erapy in t.e Prevent.on of Surgical Sit. Infect.on aft.r Vascular Surgery wit. Inguinal Incisions: Rat.onale and Design of a Randomized Cont.olled t.ial (INVIPS-t.ial)

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Surgical Science 2015年第12期6卷 562-571页

作者： Julien Hasselmann t.bias Kühme Jonas bjork St.fan Acost. Vascular Cent.r Skane University HospitalMalmoSweden Division of Occupat.onal and Environment.l Medicine Lund UniversityLundSweden

Background/Aims: Inguinal incisions are a common rout. of access in vascular surgery. Due t. anat.mical challenges and a diverse bact.rial flora in t.is area, surgical sit. infect.ons (SSI) represent.a common, debilit.t.ng and somet.mes life-t.reat.ning complicat.on. t.e INVIPS-t.ial evaluat.s t.e role of Negat.ve Pressure Wound t.erapy (NPWt. on closed inguinal incisions in elect.ve vascular surgery t. prevent.SSI and ot.er wound complicat.ons. Met.ods: t.is randomized cont.olled t.ial (RCt. regist.red at.*** (Ident.fier: NCt.1913132) compares t.e effect. of a NPWt.dressing (PICO, Smit. & Nephew, UK) and t.e cent.r’s st.ndard wound dressing (Vit.i Pad, Vit.i Medical, Sweden) on post.perat.ve wound complicat.ons, especially SSI. t.e st.dy includes t.o dist.nct.vascular procedures wit. different.SSI risk profiles: endovascular aort.c repair (EVAR) and open surgical approaches involving t.e common femoral art.ry (OPEN). Result.: Four hundred ninet.-five groin incisions in bot. t.eat.ent.arms are ant.cipat.d t. be included in t.e EVAR group and 147 inguinal incisions in bot. t.eat.ent.arms in t.e OPEN group. Since a large percent.ge of inguinal vascular procedures in bot. groups but.especially in t.e EVAR group are performed bilat.rally, many pat.ent. can serve as t.eir own cont.ol by randomly receiving NPWt.on one and t.e st.ndard dressing on t.e cont.alat.ral inguinal incision. Conclusions: t.is ongoing RCt.at.empt. t. elucidat. t.e pot.nt.al benefit.of NPWt.on closed inguinal incisions aft.r different.vascular procedures. Out.ome and conclusions of t.is t.ial could have implicat.ons on post.perat.ve wound care of pat.ent. in bot. vascular surgery and ot.er surgical specialt.es.

关键词： Incisional Negat.ve Pressure Wound t.erapy Vascular Surgery Inguinal Incisions Surgical Sit. Infect.on Randomized Cont.olled t.ial Research Design

Perspect.ves on Everyday Suffering among People wit. Adult.At.ent.on Deficit.Hyperact.vit. Disorder and Concurrent.Ment.l Disorders

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Open Journal of Nursing 2017年第5期7卷 583-598页

作者： Annet.e bjork Ylva Ronngren John Selander St.g Vinberg Ove Hellzen Depart.ent.of Healt. Sciences Mid Sweden UniversityOstersundSweden Depart.ent.of Nursing Sciences Mid Sweden UniversitySundsvallSweden

t.e aim of t.is st.dy was t. describe t.e percept.ons of everyday suffering among adult. wit. at.ent.on deficit.hyperact.vit. disorder (ADHD) and comorbid ment.l disease. Direct.d cont.nt.analysis guided by Eriksson’s t.eory on human suffering was performed on dat. from 20 individual int.rviews. Expressions of bot. suffering and well-being were ident.fied;t.e former cent.ed on loneliness and relat.d t. life, illness, and care, which support.d Eriksson’s t.eory, whereas expressions of well-being relat.d t. ADHD diagnosis and support.ve social relat.onships. Nevert.eless, result. indicat. t.e need t. expand t.ose expressions in order t. bet.er cont.ibut. t. developing a support.ve rehabilit.t.on regimen t.at.can provide more int.rpersonal care.

关键词： Adult.At.ent.on Deficit.Hyperact.vit. Disorder Direct.d Cont.nt.Analysis Suffering Support.ve Rehabilit.t.on

Brain Signaling in Psychiat.ic Disorders: What.Can t.ey t.ll Us in t.e Absence of Behavioral Differences?

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Journal of Behavioral and Brain Science 2015年第8期5卷 333-337页

作者： Jodi M. Gilman James M. bjork t.mot.y E. Wilens Cent.r for Addict.on Medicine Massachusetts General Hospital Boston MA USA Depart.ent.of Psychiat.y Harvard Medical School Boston MA USA Depart.ent.of Psychiat.y Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond VA USA Clinical and Research Programs in Pediat.ic Psychopharmacology Adult ADHD Massachusetts General Hospital Boston MA USA

t.is is a comment.ry on t.e oft.n-observed phenomenon of observing t.sk-based brain signaling differences bet.een clinical populat.ons and healt.y cont.ol part.cipant. in t.e absence of any behavioral decrement. in t.e clinical group. We offer several explanat.ons for why brain-based differences amid normat.ve performance may be of int.rest.t. researchers and clinicians. First. neural processing in t.e clinical group may not.be as efficient.as t.at.in t.e cont.ol group. Second, differences in act.vat.on could reveal import.nt.differences in t.e cognit.on behind t.e (normat.ve) behavior. t.ird, differences in act.vat.on may be prognost.c biomarkers of injury or decline. In addit.on, we cont.nd t.at.similar behavior bet.een groups is import.nt.in properly int.rpret.ng brain dat.. Finally, we offer caveat. and fut.re direct.ons t. furt.er clarify brain mechanisms underlying behavior in clinical populat.ons.

关键词： fMRI Neuroimaging Normat.ve Behavior Normat.ve Performance Neural Efficiency Prognost.c Biomarker