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Soil organic carbon storage in forest restoration models and environmental conditions

Journal of Forestry Research 2022年第4期33卷 1123-1134页

作者： Ranieri Ribeiro Paula miguel calmon Maria Leonor Lopes-Assad Eduardo de SáMendonça Departamento de Agronomia Programa de Pós-Graduação em Produção VegetalUniversidade Federal do Espírito SantoAlto UniversitárioGuararemaAlegreEspírito Santo CEP 29500-000Brazil World Resources Institute SalvadorBahia CEP 40290-040Brazil Departamento de Recursos Naturais e Proteção Ambiental Universidade Federal de São CarlosArarasSão Paulo CEP 13600-970Brazil

The scale of forest and landscape restoration is expected to increase during the UN Decade on Ecosystem Restoration and its contribution to the provision of critical ecosystem services to *** models of forest restoration may improve ecosystem services,including soil organic carbon(SOc)storage.A review was carried out to access:(1)the variability of SOc storage between worldwide forest restoration models and,(2)the effects of climate,soil class,soil texture,and vegetation type on SOc *** reviewed 119 primary studies with information on SOc and soil texture for different forest restoration *** restoration models were grouped into four categories:natural regeneration,monocultures,agroforestry,and mixed *** data was extracted from these four restoration models,other land uses(cropland,bare land,grassland,and natural forest),climate regimes,and soil *** SOc storage in the forest restoration models and other land uses at a global scale ranged between 0.1 to 514 Mg ha^(-1).The overall mean value for SOc storage was higher for natural regeneration(112 Mg ha^(-1)),followed by agroforestry(74 Mg ha^(-1)),mixed forest(73 Mg ha^(-1)),and monocultures(68 Mg ha^(-1)).However,the average SOc storage was similar among the four restoration models in the moist warm climate *** SOc storage mean value in the moist cool zone was 23%higher than the dry cool zone(81 and 62 Mg ha^(-1),respectively),and 50%higher for the moist warm zone when compared to the dry warm climatic zone(74 and 38 Mg ha^(-1),respectively).The SOc storage of the restoration models was positively related to soil depth(0.59;pclay content(0.29;pc storage were 26,66,and 139 Mg ha^(-1) at zero-10,zero-30,and zero-100 cm depths,*** addition,sandy soils showed smaller mean values of SOc storage than medium to clay soils,especially in deeper soil ***,SOc storage was positively re

关键词： Forest restoration Land uses Soil type Soil texture climate

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Topological protection of partially coherent light

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Photonics Research 2022年第5期10卷 1223-1231页

作者： KONRAD TScHERNIG GABRIEL MARTINEZ-NIcONOFF KURT BUScH miguel A.BANDRES ARMANDO PEREZ-LEIJA Max-Born-lnstitut 12489 BerlinGermany Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin Institut fur PhysikAG Theoretische Optik&Photonik12489 BerlinGermany coordinacidn deÓptica Instituto Nacional de AstrofisicaÓpticay Electronica72840 TonantzintlaPueblaMexico cREOL The College of Optics and PhotonicsUniversity of Central FloridaOrlandoFlorida 32816USA

Topological physics exploits concepts from geometry and topology to implement systems capable of guiding waves in an unprecedented *** ideas have led to the development of photonic topological insulators,which are optical systems whose eigenspectral topology allows the creation of light states that propagate along the edge of the system without any coupling into the bulk or backscattering even in the presence of ***,topological protection is a fully coherent effect,and it is not clear to what extent topological effects endure when the wavefronts become partially ***,we study the interplay of topological protection and the degree of spatial coherence of classical light propagating in disordered photonic topological *** results reveal the existence of a well-defined spectral window in which partially coherent light is topologically *** opens up the design space to a wider selection of light sources,possibly yielding smaller,cheaper,and more robust devices based on the topological transport of light.

关键词： topological coherent topology

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Phase separating Rho:a widespread regulatory function of disordered regions in proteins revealed in bacteria

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2023年第7期8卷 3203-3205页

作者： Eric Schumbera Pablo Mier miguel A.Andrade-Navarro Institute of Organismic and Molecular Evolution Faculty of BiologyJohannes Gutenberg University of Mainz55128 MainzGermany

A recent study published in Science by Krypotou et *** the role of an intrinsically disordered region(IDR)in the transcription termination Rho protein from Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron:in response to starvation Rho phase separated,which triggered an increase in Rho activity and expression changes.1 These results demonstrate that a highly conserved protein can acquire new regulatory properties in evolution by gaining an IDR that leads to protein phase separation.

关键词： al. disordered separating

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Litter buffet:On the use of trash bins by birds in six boreal urban settlements

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Avian Research 2023年第2期14卷 182-190页

作者： Michelle García-Arroyo miguel A.Gomez-Martínez Ian MacGregor-Fors Ecosystems and Environment Research Programme Faculty of Biological and Environmental SciencesUniversity of HelsinkiNiemenkatu 73Lahti15140Finland Instituto de Biotecnología y Ecología Aplicada(INBIOTEcA) Universidad VeracruzanaXalapa91090Mexico

Unintentional food resources in urban areas(street litter,food leftovers,overflowing trash bins)are dietary components of some urban-exploiter bird *** this study,we report on 13 bird species in six southern Finnish cities using urban trash bins and describe differences in their activity when provided with food resources(i.e.,bait)in different bin *** used generalized linear models(GLM)and classification and regression trees(cART)to test for associations between environmental variables and bird activity at the *** activity at the binscapes significantly differed among all cities and among types of bins and was significantly higher after placing bait in all *** with the largest opening had more activity as opposed to those with smaller openings or *** and gulls had the highest activity,with corvids usually being present before the bait was placed and gulls increasing their activity *** differences show that trash bin foraging is highly malleable and thus susceptible to management preventing its *** waste management measures could aid in reducing the number of species close to bins and their surroundings,benefiting both bird and human health.

关键词： Avian Behavior Binscape Food resources Urban ecology

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Tissue-specific melt electrowritten polymeric scaffolds for coordinated regeneration of soft and hard periodontal tissues

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Bioactive Materials 2023年第1期19卷 268-281页

作者： Arwa Daghrery Jessica A.Ferreira Jinping Xu Nasim Golafshan Darnell Kaigler Sarit B.Bhaduri Jos Malda miguel castilho Marco c.Bottino Department of cariology Restorative Sciencesand EndodonticsSchool of DentistryUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMIUnited States Department of Restorative Dental Sciences School of DentistryJazan UniversityJazanKingdom of Saudi Arabia Department of Orthopedics University Medical Center UtrechtUtrechtthe Netherlands Regenerative Medicine center Utrechtthe Netherlands Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine School of DentistryUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMIUnited States Department of Mechanical Industrial and Manufacturing EngineeringUniversity of ToledoToledoOHUnited States EEc Division Directorate of EngineeringThe National Science FoundationAlexandriaVAUnited States Department of clinical Sciences Faculty of Veterinary MedicineUtrecht UniversityUtrechtthe Netherlands Department of Biomedical Engineering Eindhoven University of TechnologyEindhoventhe Netherlands Institute for complex Molecular Systems Eindhoven University of TechnologyP.O.Box 5135600 MB Eindhoventhe Netherlands Department of Biomedical Engineering College of EngineeringUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMIUnited States

Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory condition that often causes serious damage to tooth-supporting *** limited successful outcomes of clinically available approaches underscore the need for therapeutics that cannot only provide structural guidance to cells but can also modulate the local immune ***,three-dimensional melt electrowritten(i.e.,poly(ε-caprolactone))scaffolds with tissue-specific attributes were engineered to guide differentiation of human-derived periodontal ligament stem cells(hPDLScs)and mediate macrophage *** investigated tissue-specific scaffold attributes comprised fiber morphology(aligned ***)and highly-ordered architectures with distinct strand spacings(small 250μm and large 500μm).Macrophages exhibited an elongated morphology in aligned and highly-ordered scaffolds,while maintaining their round-shape on randomly-oriented fibrous *** of periostin and IL-10 were more pronounced on the aligned and highly-ordered *** hPDLScs on the scaffolds with 500μm strand spacing show higher expression of osteogenic marker(Runx2)over 21 days,cells on randomly-oriented fibrous scaffolds showed upregulation of M1 *** an orthotopic mandibular fenestration defect model,findings revealed that the tissue-specific scaffolds(i.e.,aligned fibers for periodontal ligament and highly-ordered 500μm strand spacing fluorinated calcium phosphate[F/caP]-coated fibers for bone)could enhance the mimicking of regeneration of natural periodontal tissues.

关键词： Periodontitis Melt electrowriting 3D printing Inflammation Periodontal regeneration Scaffold

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computational screening of materials with extreme gap deformation potentials

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npj computational Materials 2022年第1期8卷 1482-1491页

作者： Pedro Borlido Jonathan Schmidt Hai-chen Wang Silvana Botti miguel A.L.Marques Institut für Festkörpertheorie und-optik Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena and European Theoretical Spectroscopy FacilityMax-Wien-Platz 107743JenaGermany cFisUc Department of PhysicsUniversity of CoimbraRua Larga3004-516CoimbraPortugal Institut für Physik Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-WittenbergD-06099HalleGermany

In this work,we present a large-scale study of gap deformation potentials based on density-functional theory calculations for over 5000 *** expected,in most cases the band gap decreases for increasing volume with deformation potentials that can reach values of almost−15 *** find,however,also a sizeable number of materials with positive deformation *** members of this group are halide perovskites,known for their applications in *** then focus on understanding the physical reasons for so different values of the deformation potentials by investigating the correlations between this property and a large number of other material and compositional *** also train explainable machine learning models as well as graph convolutional networks to predict deformation potentials and establish simple rules to understand predicted ***,we analyze in more detail a series of materials that have record positive and negative deformation potentials.

关键词： deformation properties. extreme

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The elphbolt ab initio solver for the coupled electron-phonon Boltzmann transport equations

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npj computational Materials 2022年第1期8卷 236-244页

作者： Nakib H.Protik chunhua Li miguel Pruneda David Broido Pablo Ordejón catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology(IcN2) CSIC and BISTCampus Bellaterra8193BarcelonaSpain Department of Physics Boston CollegeChestnut HillBostonMA02467USA

elphbolt is a modern Fortran (2018 standard) code for efficiently solving the coupled electron–phonon Boltzmann transport equations from first *** results from density functional and density functional perturbation theory as inputs,it can calculate the effect of the non-equilibrium phonons on the electronic transport (phonon drag) and non-equilibrium electrons on the phononic transport (electron drag) in a fully self-consistent manner and obeying the constraints mandated by *** can calculate the lattice,charge,and thermoelectric transport coefficients for the temperature gradient and electric fields,and the effect of the mutual electron–phonon drag on these transport *** code fully exploits the symmetries of the crystal and the transport-active window to allow the sampling of extremely fine electron and phonon wave vector meshes required for accurately capturing the drag *** coarray feature of modern Fortran,which offers native and convenient support for parallelization,is *** code is compact,readable,well-documented,and extensible by design.

关键词： properties phonon equations

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Exploring the configuration space of elemental carbon with empirical and machine learned interatomic potentials

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npj computational Materials 2023年第1期9卷 987-998页

作者： George A.Marchant miguel A.caro Bora Karasulu Livia B.Pártay Department of chemistry University of WarwickCoventry CV47ALUK Department of chemistry and Materials Science Aalto University02150 EspooFinland

We demonstrate how the many-body potential energy landscape of carbon can be explored with the nested sampling algorithm,allowing for the calculation of its pressure-temperature phase *** compare four interatomic potential models:Tersoff,EDIP,GAP-20 and its recently updated version,*** evaluation is focused on their macroscopic properties,melting transitions,and identifying thermodynamically stable solid structures up to at least 100 *** phase diagrams of the GAP models show good agreement with experimental ***,we find that the models’description of graphite includes thermodynamically stable phases with incorrect layer *** adding a suitable selection of structures to the database and re-training the potential,we have derived an improved model—GAP-20U+gr—that suppresses erroneous local minima in the graphitic energy *** extreme high pressure nested sampling identifies two novel stable structures in the GAP-20 model,however,the stability of these is not confirmed by electronic structure calculations,highlighting routes to further extend the applicability of the GAP models.

关键词： carbon potential configuration

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Prevalence of meeting 24-Hour Movement Guidelines from pre-school to adolescence: A systematic review and meta-analysis including 387,437 participants and 23 countries

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2022年第4期11卷 427-437页

作者： miguel Angel Tapia-Serrano Javier Sevil-Serrano Pedro Antonio Sanchez-miguel Jose Francisco Lopez-Gil Mark STremblay Antonio Garcıa-Hermoso Department of Didactics of Musical Plastic and Body ExpressionFaculty of Teaching TrainingUniversity of ExtremaduraAvenida de la UniversidadS/NCaceres 10071Spain Department of Physical Activity and Sport Faculty of Sport ScienceUniversity of Murcia(UM)San Javier 30720Spain Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario(CHEO)Research InstituteOttawaON K1H 8L1Canada Navarrabiomed Public University of Navarra(UPNA)Health Research Institute of Navarra(IdiSNA)Navarra Hospital Complex(CHN)Pamplona 310008Spaia

Background:Meeting the 24-Hour Movement Guidelines(physical activity,screen time,and sleep duration) has been associated with positive health ***,there are no previous meta-analyses that have examined the overall adherence to the 24-Hour Movement Guidelines from pre-school to adolescence across the ***,the main purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to examine the overall(non)adherence to the 24-Hour Movement Guidelines among preschoolers,children,and adolescents ***:Four electronic databases(MEDLINE,Scopus,Web of Science,and cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews) were searched for quantitative studies published in Spanish and English between January 2016 and May *** that were conducted with apparently healthy participants and reported the overall(non)adherence to the 24-Hour Movement Guidelines in preschoolers and/or children and/or adolescents were ***:Sixty-three studies comprising 387,437 individuals(51% girls) aged 3-18 years from 23 countries were ***,7.12%(95%confidence interval(95%cI):6.45%-7.78%) of youth met all three 24-Hour Movement Guidelines,and 19.21%(95%cI:16.73%-21.69%)met none of the 3 *** sex,adherence to all recommendations was significantly lower in girls(3.75%,95%cI:3.23%-4.27%) than in boys(6.89%,95%cI:5.89%-7.89%)(p ces regarding adherence to any of the 3 individual recommendations(girls,15.66%,95%cI:8.40%-22.92%;boys,12.95%,95%cI:6.57%-19.33%).In terms of age group,adherence to the 3 recommendations was 11.26%(95%cI:8.68%-13.84%),10.31%(95%cI:7.49%-13.12%),and 2.68%(95%cI:1.78%-3.58%) in preschoolers,children,and adolescents,***,8.81%(95%cI:5.97%-11.64%) of preschoolers,15.57%(95%cI:11.60%-19.54%) of children,and 28.59%(95%cI:22.42%-34.75%) of adolescents did not meet any of the *** America was the region with the lowest adherence(all:2.93%;none:3

关键词： Exercise Lifestyle Movement behaviors Sedentary behaviors Youth

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Superconductivity in antiperovskites

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npj computational Materials 2022年第1期8卷 1424-1433页

作者： Noah Hoffmann Tiago F.T.cerqueira Jonathan Schmidt miguel A.L.Marques Institut für Physik Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-WittenbergD-06099HalleGermany cFisUc Department of PhysicsUniversity of CoimbraRua Larga3004-516CoimbraPortugal

We present a comprehensive theoretical study of conventional superconductivity in cubic antiperovskites materials with composition XYZ_(3) where X and Z are metals,and Y is H,B,c,N,O,and *** starting point are electron–phonon calculations for 397 materials performed with density-functional perturbation *** 43%of the materials are dynamically unstable,we discovered 16 compounds close to thermodynamic stability and with T_(c) higher than 5 *** these results to train interpretable machine-learning models,leads us to predict a further 57(thermodynamically unstable)materials with superconducting transition temperatures above 5 K,reaching a maximum of 17.8 K for ***,the models give us an understanding of the mechanism of superconductivity in *** combination of traditional approaches with interpretable machine learning turns out to be a very efficient methodology to study and systematize whole classes of materials and is easily extendable to other families of compounds or physical properties.

关键词： properties theory perovskite

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