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Treatment, residual chlorine and season as factors affecting variability of trihalomethanes in small drinking water systems

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2015年第1期9卷 171-179页

作者： Roberta DYCK Genevieve COOL Manuel rodriguez Rehan SADIQ School of Engineering University of British Columbia Okanagan Kelowna V1V 1V7 Canada Ecole superieure d'amenagement du territoire Universite Laval Quebec G1V 0A6 Canada

Seasonal variability in source water can lead to challenges for drinking water providers related to operational optimization and process control in treatment facilities. The objective of this study is to investigate seasonal variability of water quality in municipal small water systems （〈 3000 residents） supplied by surface waters. Residual chlorine and trihalomethanes （THM） were measured over seven years （2003-2009）. Comparisons are made within each system over time, as well as between systems according to the type of their treatment technologies. THM concentrations are generally higher in the summer and autumn. The seasonal variability was generally more pronounced in systems using chlorination plus additional treatment. Chloroform, total THM （TTHM） and residual chlorine concentrations were generally lower in systems using chlorination plus additional treatment. Conversely, brominated THM concentrations were higher in systems using additional treatment. Residual chlorine was highest in the winter and lowest in the spring and summer. Seasonal variations were most pronounced for residual chlorine in systems with additional treatment. There was generally poor correlation between THM concentrations and concentrations of residual chlorine. Further study with these data will be beneficial in finding determinants and indicators for both quantity and variability of disinfection byproducts and other water quality parameters.

关键词： drinking water residual chlorine seasonal variability small municipal systems treatment technologies trihalomethanes

Integration of a Didactic Manufacturing Cell with Different Robot Configurations

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Journal of Mechanics Engineering and Automation 2018年第3期8卷 118-126页

作者： Martin Eduardo rodriguez-Franco Santos miguel Orozco-Soto Yadira Fabiola Loez-Alvarea Mechatronics Division Technological University of North Aguascalientes Rincdn de Romos Aguascalientes 20400 Mexico Advanced Technology Center CIATEQ Aguascalientes Aguascalientes Valley Industrial Park San Francisco de los Romo Aguascalientes 20358 Mexico Automatic Control Department Center for Research and Advanced Studies of National Polytechnic Institute Zacatenco Unit Gustavo A. Madero Mexico City 07360 Mexico University Center of Lagos University of Guadalajara Lagos de Moreno Jalisco 47460 Mexico

The present work makes the exhibition of a manfacturing cell for didactic pulposes, implemented as part of evaluation in the last cycle of mechatronics engineering formation within Technological University of North Aguascalientes. It includes the motivation that led to plnning and subsequent implementation of manufacturing system described, the characteristics of particular processing operations that it was decided to include, methodology to achieve joint work and synchronization of each operation performed, the results of operation obtained and their comparison with initial expectations, as well as the conclusions derived from process, which lead to considering such a project as an ideal model to verify the formation of the future mechatroonics engineers, when faced with applications of their area of exercise, reviewing operating principle of mechanical, electronic, control and computing systems to achieve their synergy in a mechatronic system.

关键词： Manufacturing cell robot configuration didactic prototype mechatronics engineering.

Influence of metal support in-plane symmetry on the corrugation of hexagonal boron nitride and graphene monolayers

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Nano Research 2018年第9期11卷 4643-4653页

作者： Antonio d. Martinez-Galera Jose M. Gomez-rodriguez Departamento de Fisica de la Matefia Condensada Universidad Autonoma de Madrid Madrid E-28049 Spain Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC) UniversidadAutdnoma de Madrid Madrid E-28049 Spain Instituto Nicolds Cabrera Universidad Autonoma de Madrid Madrid E-28049 Spain

Predicting the properties of two-dimensional （2D） materials as graphene and hexagonal boron nitride （h-BN） monolayers after their growth on any given substrate is a major challenge. While the influence of the electron configuration of the atoms of the underlying surface is well-understood, the effect of substrate geometry still remains unclear. The structural properties of h-BN monolayers grown on a rectangularly packed Rh（110） surface were characterized in situ by ultrahigh vacuum scanning tunneling microscopy and were compared to those that this material exhibits when grown on substrates showing different crystallographic orientations. Although the h-BN monolayer grown on Rh（110） was dominated by a unique quasiunidimensional moir6 pattern, suggesting considerable interface interaction, the moir6 corrugation was unexpectedly smaller than those reported for strongly interacting interfaces with hexagonal-terminated substrates, owing to differences in the possible binding landscapes at interfaces with differently oriented substrates. Moreover, a rule was derived for predicting how interface corrugation and the existence and extent of subregions within moir6 supercells containing favorable sites for orbital mixing between h-BN monolayers and their supports depend on substrate symmetry. These general symmetry considerations can be applied to numerous 2D materials, including graphene, thereby enabling the prediction of how substrate choice determines the properties of these materials. Furthermore, they could also provide new routes for tuning 2D material properties and for developing nanotemplates showing different geometries for Krowing adsorbate superlattices.

关键词： hexagonal boron nitride graphene two-dimensional materials scanning tunneling microscopy moire superstructures nanotemplates

Symmetry in optics and photonics:a group theory approach

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Science Bulletin 2018年第4期63卷 244-251页

作者： B.M.rodriguez-Lara Ramy EI-Ganainy Julio Guerrero Tecnologico de Monterrey.Escuela de Ingenieria y Ciencias Monterrey 64849Mexico Instituto Nacional de Astrofisica Optica y Electr6nicaPueblaCP 72840Mexico Department of Physics and Hexes Center for Quantum Phenomena Michigan Technological UniversityHoughton.MI 49931USA Departamento de Matematicas Facultad de Ciendas Experimentales y de la SaludCampus Las LagunillasUniversidad de Jaen23071JaenSpain Departamento de Ingenierfa y Tecnologia de Computadores Facultad de lnformdticaCampus EspinardoUnivesidad de Murcia30100 MurciaSpain

Group theory(GT) provides a rigorous framework for studying symmetries in various disciplines in physics ranging from quantum field theories and the standard model to fluid mechanics and chaos theory. To date, the application of such a powerful tool in optical physics remains limited. Over the past few years however, several quantum-inspired symmetry principles(such as parity-time invariance and supersymmetry) have been introduced in optics and photonics for the first time. Despite the intense activities in these new research directions, only few works utilized the power of group theory. Motivated by this status quo, here we present a brief overview of the application of GT in optics, deliberately choosing examples that illustrate the power of this tool in both continuous and discrete setups. We hope that this review will stimulate further research that exploits the full potential of GT for investigating various symmetry paradigms in optics, eventually leading to new photonic devices.

关键词： Group theoryHelmholtz equationDiscrete opticsParity-time (PT) symmetry

Astrocytes and retrograde degeneration of nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons in Parkinson’s disease:removing axonal debris

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Translational Neurodegeneration 2021年第4期10卷 554-572页

作者： Ingrid Morales Ricardo Puertas-Avendaño Alberto Sanchez Adrian Perez-Barreto Clara.rodriguez-Sabate Manuel rodriguez Laboratory of Neurobiology and Experimental Neurology Department of Basic Medical SciencesFaculty of MedicineLa Laguna UniversityLa LagunaTenerifeCanary IslandsSpain Center for Networked Biomedical Research on Neurodegenerative Diseases(CIBERNED) MadridSpain

Objective:The dopaminergic nigrostriatal neurons(DA cells)in healthy people present a slow degeneration with aging,which produces cellular debris throughout *** 2%-5%of people present rapid cell degeneration of more than 50%of DA cells,which produces Parkinson's disease(PD).Neuroinflammation accelerates the cell degeneration and may be critical for the transition between the slow physiological and the rapid pathological degeneration of DA cells,particularly when it activates microglial cells of the medial forebrain bundle near dopaminergic *** synaptic debris produced by DA cell degeneration may trigger the parkinsonian neuroinflammation,this study investigated the removal of axonal debris produced by retrograde degeneration of DA cells,paying particular attention to the relative roles of astrocytes and ***:Rats and mice were injected in the lateral ventricles with 6-hydroxydopamine,inducing a degeneration of dopaminergic synapses in the striatum which was not accompanied by non-selective tissue damage,microgliosis or *** possible retrograde degeneration of dopaminergic axons,and the production and metabolization of DA-cell debris were studied with immunohistochemical methods and analyzed in confocal and electron microscopy ***:The selective degeneration of dopaminergic synapses in the striatum was followed by a retrograde degeneration of dopaminergic axons whose debris was found within spheroids of the medial forebrain *** spheroids retained mitochondria and most(e.g.,tyrosine hydroxylase,the dopamine transporter protein,and amyloid precursor protein)but not all(e.g.,α-synuclein)proteins of the degenerating dopaminergic *** showed initial(autophagosomes)but not late(lysosomes)components of autophagy(incomplete autophagy).These spheroids were penetrated by astrocytic processes of the medial forebrain bundle,which provided the lysosomes needed to continue the degradation of dopaminergic debri

关键词： Astrocyte Phagocytosis Parkinson's disease Dying-back degeneration Medial forebrain bundle Spheroid

The impact of graphene on neural regenerative medicine

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Neural Regeneration Research 2017年第7期12卷 1071-1072页

作者： Noela.rodriguez-Losada Jose A.Aguirre Department of Human Physiology Faculty of MedicineUniversity of Malaga and Biomedicine Biomedical ResearchInstitute of Malaga (IBIMA) Campus de Teatinos Malaga Spain

There is increasing interest in studying carbon-based nanomaterials（CBNs）for use in regenerative *** carbon crystalline structures,such as graphene,carbon nanotubes/nanofibers,boron nitride nanosheets/nanotubes and fullerenes,as well as disordered structures,such as diamond-like carbon,glasslike carbon,and amorphous carbon,are now being considered as promising scaffolds（Ferreira et al.,2015;Kabiri et al.,2015）,

关键词： of as or et The impact of graphene on neural regenerative medicine that been form is into on

Sweat-Based in Vitro Diagnostics(IVD):From Sample Collection to Point-of-Care Testing(POCT)

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Journal of Analysis and Testing 2019年第1期3卷 80-88页

作者： Mehenur Sarwar Pablo rodriguez Chen-zhong Li Nanobioengineering/Bioelectronics Laboratory and Department of Biomedical EngineeringFlorida International UniversityMiami 33174USA

Sweat-based diagnostics offer an exciting avenue to noninvasively monitor analytes which had previously only been avail-able through painful blood *** is enriched with physiologically valuable information,and recent proteomic studies have identified numerous critical analytes which have highly correlated levels in blood,interstitial fluid and ***-ever,usage of sweat for health monitoring has not been studied extensively due to the substantial challenge of assembling a composite clinic-ready *** advances in soft electronics have made this goal realizable,as these devices can perform electronic or optical monitoring on a flexible substrate using small volumes of *** this field is still in its infancy,this review examines the physiological composition of sweat,various improvements in material science that improve sensor design,existing FDA approvals,methods of extracting sweat and comparisons to blood-based ***,this review assesses the critical challenges which must be overcome for this type of technology to make it out of research laboratories and into continuous clinical *** believe that once properly harnessed,sweat-based diagnostics can provide patients a painless monitoring tool which can be customized to track a wide variety of medical conditions from the comfort of a patient’s own home.

关键词： Wearable sensors Sweat tests In vitro diagnostics Biomarkers POCTs Sweat collection

Geometrical Evaluation of Cervical Cells. Fractal and Euclidean Diagnostic Methodology of Clinical Application

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2018年第3期6卷 111-122页

作者： Javier rodriguez Velasquez miguel Sanchez Cardenas Freddy Andres Barrios Arroyave Yolanda Soracipa Munoz Insight Group Research Center of the Clinica del CountryBogotaColombia Research and Social Projection.the Health Sexual and Reproductive Research GroupUniversidad el BosqueBogotaColombia Sexual and Reproductive Health Universidad el Bosque BogotaColombia Epidemiology and Biostatistics CES UniversityMedellinColombia Epidemiology and Biostatistics Research Group CES University and GISCO(Health and Community Research Group)Fundacion Universitaria Autonoma de las AmericasPereiraColombia

Background: The concomitant use of fractal and Euclidian measurements has led to the development of new methodologies of cell evaluation, including a diagnosis of cervical cells that set up differences between normality and various degrees of lesion, to carcinoma. Aim: To confirm the diagnostic capacity of the methodology based on fractal and Euclidian geometry for the mathematical diagnosis through a blind study of normal cells and with different types of lesion, as atypia of undetermined significance (ASCUS), low grade squamous intra-epithelial lesion (LGSIL) and high grade squamous intra-epithelial lesion (HGSIL). Methods: 100 cells of Papanicolaou tests were analyzed and divided into 4 groups according to conventional parameters: 25 normal, 25 ASCUS, 25 LGSIL and 25 HGSIL. By means of the Box-counting Fractal Space, we calculated the fractal dimension and occupying spaces of the border and surface in pixels of the cell nucleus and cytoplasm. The diagnostic parameters of the previously developed methodology were applied and compared with the conventional diagnosis, setting up sensibility, specificity, negative likelihood ratio and Kappa coefficient. Results: The values of the occupation of the border and surface of the cell nucleus and cytoplasm were consistent with the values found by the diagnostic methodology previously found. The subtraction of the nucleus and cytoplasm frontiers presented values between: 189 and 482 for normality;159 and 432 for ASCUS;126 to 401 for LGSIL and 39 to 122 for HGSIL. A sensitivity and specificity of 100%, and a Kappa coefficient of 1 were obtained. Conclusions: The capacity of the methodology to diagnose quantitatively the different stages in the evolution of the cervical cells observed in Papanicolaou tests was confirmed, from normality to HGSIL.

关键词： Fractals Cervical Cancer Cytology Mathematics

Effects of antibiotics on hydrogen production and gut symbionts in the Formosan subterranean termite Coptotermes formosanus （Isoptera： Rhinotermitidae）

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Insect Science 2012年第3期19卷 346-354页

作者： Yueqing Cao Jian-Zhong Sun Jose M.rodriguez College of Bioengineering Chongqing UniversityChongqingChina Coastal Research&Extension Center Mississippi State UniversityPoplarvilleMSUSA School of the Environment Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiangJiangsu ProvinceChina Mississippi State Chemical Laboratory Petroleum Production DivisionMississippi State UniversityStarkvilleMSUSA

Symbiotic microorganisms that inhabit the gut of Coptotermes formosanus enable this termite to degrade lignocelluloses and further produce hydrogen as an important intermediate to be recycled in its hindgut or as a byproduct to be emitted to the atmosphere. Both symbiotic protists and prokaryotes in the guts of termites demonstrated some different roles with respect to hydrogen production. In this study, the effects of two antibiotics, ampicillin and tetracycline, on hydrogen emission and the gut symbionts of C. formosanus were investigated. Hydrogen emission from termite guts was significantly enhanced when termites fed on wood diets treated with either ampicillin or tetracycline. The greatest H2 emission rates, 2 519 4- 74 and 2 080 ＋ 377 nmol/h/g body weight, were recorded with the treatments of ampicillin and tetracycline, respectively, which showed 6-7 times more H2 production than that of controls. Antibiotic-treated diets negatively affected the prokaryotic communities and reduced their abundances, particularly on those ectosymbionts inhabiting the gut walls or in the gut fluid of C. formosanus, such as spirochetes. However, no signif- icant reductions in the cotmts of gut cellulolytic protists, Pseudotrichonympha grassii and Holomastigotoids hartmanni, were recorded; and with a further observation by confocal laser scanning microscopy, the endosymbionts inhabiting P. grassii generally survived the antibiotic treatments. These results suggest that some prokaryotes may serve as the main hydrogen consumers, while P. grassii, together with its endosymbionts, may function as the main contributors for hydrogen production in the hindgut of C. formosanus.

关键词： antibiotics hydrogen symbiotic microorganisms wood-feeding termites