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Rainfall Sensitivity to Microphysics and Planetary Boundary Layer Parameterizations in Convection-Permitting Simulations over northwestern South America

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journal of Meteorological Research 2024年第4期38卷 805-825页

作者： K.Santiago HERnAnDEZ Sebastian GOMEZ-RIOS juan j.HEnAO Vanessa ROBLEDO Alvaro RAMiREZ-CARDOnA Angela M.REnDOn Geolimna Escuela AmbientalFacultad de IngenieriaUniversidad de AntioquiaMedellin 050010Colombia Grupo de Ingenieria y Gestion Ambiental(GIGA) Escuela AmbientalFacultad de IngenieriaUniversidad de AntioquiaMedellin 050010Colombia Division of Atmospheric Sciences Desert Research InstituteRenoNV 89512USA

Convection-permitting modeling allows us to understand mechanisms that influence rainfall in specific ***,microphysics parameterization(MP) and planetary boundary layer(PBL) schemes remain an important source of uncertainty,affecting rainfall intensity,occurrence,duration,and ***,we study the sensitivity of rainfall to three MP [Weather Research and Forecasting(WRF) Single-Moment 6-class(WSM6),Thompson,and Morrison] and two PBL [the Yonsei University(YSU) and Mellor–Yamada nakanishi niino(MYnn)] schemes with a convection-permitting resolution(4 km) over northwestern South America(nWSA).Simulations were performed by using the WRF model and the results were evaluated against soundings,rain gauges,and satellite data,considering the spatio-temporal variability of rainfall over diverse regions prone to deep convection in *** and PBL schemes largely influenced simulated rainfall,with better results for the less computationally expensive WSM6 MP and YSU PBL *** rain gauges and satellite estimates,simulations with Morrison MP overestimated rainfall,especially westward of the Andes,whereas the MYnn PBL underestimated precipitation in the Amazon–Savannas *** found that the uncertainty in the rainfall representation is highly dependent on the region,with a higher influence of MP in the Colombian Pacific and PBL in the Amazon–Savannas *** analyzing rainfall-related processes,the selection of both MP and PBL parameterizations exerted a large influence on the simulated lower tropospheric moisture flux and moisture *** schemes significantly influenced the downward shortwave radiation,with MYnn simulating a greater amount of low clouds,which decreased the radiation ***,latent heat fluxes were greater for YSU,favoring moist convection and *** schemes had a marked impact on vertical ***,Morrison MP showed stronger convection and higher precipitation rates,which is assoc

关键词： sensitivity microphysics planetary boundary layer(PBL) Weather Research and Forecasting(WRF) processes

Subclinical abnormal glucose tolerance is a predictor of death in liver cirrhosis

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第22期20卷 7011-7018页

作者： Diego García-Compeán joel Omar jáquez-Quintana Fernando javier Lavalle-gonzález josé Alberto gonzález-gonzález Linda Elsa Mu?oz-Espinosa jesús Zacarías Villarreal-PérezEndocrinology Service and Department of Internal Medicine University Hospital "Dr. josé E. gonzález" and Medical School Universidad Autónoma de nuevo León Monterrey 64320 México Héctor j Maldonado-Garza Gastroenterology Service and Department of Internal Medicine University Hospital "Dr. José E. Gonzalez" and Medical SchoolUniversidad Autónoma de Nuevo LeónMonterrey 64320México Endocrinology Service and Department of Internal Medicine University Hospital "Dr. José E. González" and Medical SchoolUniversidad Autónoma de Nuevo LeónMonterrey 64320México Liver Unit University Hospital "Dr. José E. González" and Medical SchoolUniversidad Autónoma de Nuevo LeónMonterrey 64320México

AIM: To determine if subclinical abnormal glucose tolerance (SAGT) has influence on survival of non-diabetic patients with liver cirrhosis.

关键词： Diabetes mellitus Liver cirrhosis Oral glucose tolerance test Survival Glucose metabolism disorders

Effect of airflow on biodrying of gardening wastes in reactors

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journal of Environmental Sciences 2013年第5期25卷 865-872页

作者： F.j.Colomer-Mendoza L.Herrera-Prats F.Robles-martínez A.Gallardo-Izquierdo A.B.Pia-Guzmn Department of Mechanical Engineering and Construction (Universidad Jaume I)Jaume 1st University.Ave.Sos Baynat s/nCastellón 12071Spain Biotechnology Multidisciplinary Professional Unit (Instituto Politcnico Nacional)National Politechnic Institute.Ave.Acueduct of Guadalupe s/n Barrio la Laguna TicomnGustavo A.Madero 07340Mxico DF.Mxico

Biodrying consists of reducing moisture by using the heat from aerobic *** parameters that control the process are：aeration,temperature during the process,initial moisture of biowaste,and temperature and relative humidity of the input *** mowing and garden waste from the gardens of the University jaume I,Castellón（Spain）were used as a *** was performed in 10 reactors with known air volumes from 0.88 to 6.42 L/（min·kg dry weight）.To promote aeration,5 of the reactors had 15% of a bulking agent *** experiment lasted 20 *** the experiments it was found that the bulking agent led to greater weight ***,the increased airflow rate was not linearly proportional to the weight loss.

关键词： biodrying biowaste stabilization aerobic fermentation bulking agent

Generation of polarized electron beams through self-injection in the interaction of a laser with a pre-polarized plasma

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2024年第3期12卷 62-68页

作者： L.R.Yin X.F.Li Y.j.Gu n.Cao Q.Kong M.Büscher S.M.Weng M.Chen Z.M.Sheng Key Laboratory of nuclear Physics and Ion-beam Application(MoE) Institute of Modern PhysicsDepartment of Nuclear Science and TechnologyFudan UniversityShanghaiChina State Key Laboratory of High Field Laser Physics Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine MechanicsChinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina SAnKEn(Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research) Osaka UniversityOsakaJapan Sichuan Research Institute Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityChengduChina Peter Grünberg Institut(PGI-6) Forschungszentrum JülichJülichGermany Institut für Laser-und Plasmaphysik Heinrich-Heine-Universität DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany Key Laboratory for Laser Plasmas(MoE) School of Physics and AstronomyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina Collaborative Innovation Center of IFSA Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina Tsung-Dao Lee Institute Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina

Polarized electron beam production via laser wakefield acceleration in pre-polarized plasma is investigated by particlein-cell *** evolution of the electron beam polarization is studied based on the Thomas±Bargmann±Michel±Telegdi equation for the transverse and longitudinal self-injection,and the depolarization process is found to be influenced by the injection *** the case of transverse self-injection,as found typically in the bubble regime,the spin precession of the accelerated electrons is mainly influenced by the ***,in the case of longitudinal injection in the quasi-1D regime(for example,*** et al.,***.110,135002(2013)),the direction of electron spin oscillates in the laser *** the electrons move around the laser axis,the net influence of the laser field is nearly zero and the contribution of the wakefield can be ***,an ultra-short electron beam with polarization of 99%can be obtained using longitudinal self-injection.

关键词： laser wakefield acceleration longitudinal self-injection particle-in-cell simulation polarized electron beam

Hepatic angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 expression in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and in patients with fatal COVID-19

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第31期30卷 3705-3716页

作者： Angus K jacobs Steven D Morley Kay Samuel Katie Morgan Lyndsey Boswell Timothy j Kendall David A Dorward jonathan A Fallowfield Peter C Hayes john n Plevris Hepatology Laboratory University of EdinburghEdinburgh EH164SBUnited Kingdom Scottish national Blood Transfusion Service Jack Copland CentreEdinburgh EH144BEUnited Kingdom Institute for Regeneration and Repair University of EdinburghEdinburgh EH164UUUnited Kingdom Edinburgh Pathology University of EdinburghEdinburgh EH164SBUnited Kingdom

BACKGROUnD Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease(MASLD),characterised by hepatic lipid accumulation,causes inflammation and oxidative stress accompanied by cell damage and *** injury(LI)is also frequently reported in patients hospitalised with coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),while preexisting MASLD increases the risk of LI and the development of COVID-19-associated *** of injury at the cellular level remain unclear,but it may be significant that severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)which causes COVID-19,uses angiotensin-converting expression enzyme 2(ACE2),a key regulator of the‘anti-inflammatory’arm of the renin-angiotensin system,for viral attachment and host cell *** To determine if hepatic ACE2 levels are altered during progression of MASLD and in patients who died with severe *** ACE2 protein levels and localisation,and histological fibrosis and lipid droplet accumulation as markers of MASLD were determined in formalin-fixed liver tissue sections across the MASLD pathological spectrum(isolated hepatocellular steatosis,metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis(MASH)+/-fibrosis,end-stage cirrhosis)and in post-mortem tissues from patients who had died with severe COVID-19,using ACE2 immunohistochemistry and haematoxylin and eosin and picrosirius red staining of total collagen and lipid droplet areas,followed by quantification using machine learning-based image pixel *** ACE2 staining is primarily intracellular and concentrated in the cytoplasm of centrilobular hepatocytes and apical membranes of bile duct ***,ACE2 protein levels are elevated in non-fibrotic MASH compared to healthy controls but not in the progression to MASH with fibrosis and in ***2 protein levels and histological fibrosis are not associated,but ACE2 and liver lipid droplet content are significantly correlated across the MASLD *** A

关键词： Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 Immunohistochemistry COVID-19 COVID-19-associated cholangiopathy

Gas-phase electrocatalytic conversion of CO_2 to chemicals on sputtered Cu and Cu–C catalysts electrodes

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journal of Energy Chemistry 2019年第4期28卷 46-53页

作者： n.Gutiérrez-Guerra j.A.gonzález j.C.Serrano-Ruiz E.López-Fernández j.L.Valverde A.de Lucas-Consuegra Departamento de Ingeniería Química Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha Instituto Regional de Investigación Científica Aplicada (IRICA) and Departamento de Física Aplicada Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha Departamento de Ingeniería Universidad Loyola Andalucía

A novel gas-phase electrocatalytic cell containing a low-temperature proton exchange membrane(PEM)was developed to electrochemically convert CO_2into organic *** different Cu-based cathode catalysts(Cu and Cu–C)were prepared by physical vapor deposition method(sputtering)and subsequently employed for the gas-phase electroreduction of CO_2at different temperatures(70–90°C).The prepared electrodes Cu and Cu–C were characterized by X-ray diffraction(XRD),X-ray photoemission spectroscopy(XPS)and scanning electron microscopy(SEM).As revealed,Cu is partially oxidized on the surface of the samples and the Cu and Cu–C cathodic catalysts were comprised of a porous,continuous,and homogeneous film with nanocrystalline Cu with a grain size of 16 and 8 nm,*** influence of the applied current and temperature on the electro-catalytic activity and selectivity of these materials was *** the two investigated electrodes,the pure Cu catalyst film showed the highest CO_2specific electrocatalytic reduction rates and higher selectivity to methanol formation compared to the Cu–C electrode,which was attributed to the higher particle size of the former and lower Cu O/Cu *** obtained results show potential interest for the possible use of electrical renewable energy for the transformation of CO_2into valuable products using low metal loading Cu based electrodes(0.5 mg Cu cm^(-2))prepared by sputtering.

关键词： CO_2 valorization Electro-reduction Cu catalyst PEM Selectivity Methanol production

Soil Conservation Measures in Rainfed Olive Orchards in South-Eastern Spain: Impacts of Plant Strips on Soil Water Dynamics

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Pedosphere 2009年第4期19卷 453-464页

作者： V. H. DURn ZUAZO C. R. RODRíGUEZ PLEGUEZUELO L. ARROYO PAnADERO A. martínez RAYA j. R. FRAnCIA martínez B. CRCELES RODRíGUEZ Instituto de Investigación y Formación Agraria y Pesquera IFAPA Centro Camino de Purchil

Sloping and mountainous olive production systems are widespread, occupying large parts of the Mediterranean landscape prone to water erosion. Soil erosion, runoff, and soil water content patterns over a three-year period were monitored in erosion plots on a mountainside with rainfed olive （Olea europaea cv. Picual） trees under： 1） non-tillage with barley strips of 4 m width （BS）; 2） non-tillage with native vegetation strips of 4 m width （nVS）; and 3） non-tillage without plant strips （nT）. The erosion plots, located in Lanjaron （Granada, south-eastern Spain）, on a 30% slope, were 192 m2 in area. For assessing soil water dynamics in real-time and near-continuous soil water content measurements, multisensor capacitance probes were installed in the middle of plant strips and beneath the olive tree at five soil depths （10, 20, 30, 50, and 100 cm）. The highest erosion and runoff rates were measured under nT, with a mean of 17.3 Mg ha-1 year-1 and 140.0 mm year-1, respectively, over the entire study period. The BS and nVS with respect to the nT reduced erosion by 71% and 59% and runoff by 95% and 94%, respectively. In general, greater available soil water content was found under BS than nVS and nT, especially beneath the olive tree canopies. These results supported the recommendation of non-tillage with barley strips in order to reduce erosion and to preserve soil water for trees in traditional mountainous olive-producing areas, where orchards cover vast tracts of land.

关键词： farming systems native plants runoff soil erosion

Academic productivity correlates with industry earnings in foot and ankle fellowship programs in the United States:A retrospective analysis

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World journal of Orthopedics 2024年第2期15卷 129-138页

作者： Albert T Anastasio Anthony n Baumann Kempland C Walley Kyle j Hitchman Conor O’neill jonathan Kaplan Samuel B Adams Department of Orthopedic Surgery Duke University HospitalDurhamNC 27710United States College of Medicine Northeast Ohio Medical UniversityRootstownOH 44272United States Department of Orthopedic Surgery University of MichiganAnn ArborMI 48109United States School of Osteopathic Medicine Campbell UniversityLillingtonNC 27546United States

BACKGROUnD The study investigates the connection between academic productivity and industry earnings in foot and ankle orthopedic surgery *** metrics like the H-index and Open Payments Database(OPD)data,it addresses a gap in understanding the relationship between scholarly achievements and financial outcomes,providing a basis for further exploration in this specialized medical *** To elucidate the trends between academic productivity and industry earnings across foot and ankle orthopedic surgery fellowship programs in the United *** This study is a retrospective analysis of the relationship between academic productivity and industry earnings of foot and ankle orthopedic surgery fellowships at an individual faculty and fellowship *** productivity was defined via H-index and recorded from the Scopus *** earnings were recorded from the *** Forty-eight foot and ankle orthopedic surgery fellowships(100%of fellowships)in the United States with a combined total of 165 physicians(95.9%of physicians)were *** individual physician(n=165)total life-time earnings reported on the OPD website was United States Dollar(USD)451430.30±1851084.89(range:USD 25.16-21269249.85;median:USD 27839.80).Mean physician(n=165)H-index as reported on Scopus is 14.24±12.39(range:0-63;median:11).There was a significant but weak correlation between individual physician H-index and individual physician total life-time earnings(Pn’s rho=0.334)and a significant and moderate positive correlation between combined fellowship H-index and total life-time earnings per fellowship(P=0.004,Spearman’s rho=0.409).COnCLUSIOn There is a significant and positive correlation between academic productivity and industry earnings at foot and ankle orthopedic surgery fellowships in the United *** observation is true on an individual physician level as well as on a fellowship level.

关键词： Sunshine act Foot and ankle Orthopedic surgery Orthopedic fellowship Industry earnings

Paving the way towards an effective treatment for multiple sclerosis: advances in cell therapy

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2021年第6期18卷 1353-1374页

作者： M.j.Mansilla S.Presas-Rodríguez A.Teniente-Serra I.gonzález-Larreategui B.Quirant-Sánchez F.Fondelli n.Djedovic D.Iwaszkiewicz-Grześ K.Chwojnicki D.Miljković PTrzonkowski C.Ramo-Tello E.M.martínez-Cáceres Division of Immunology LCMNGermans Trias i Pujol University Hospital and Research InstituteBarcelonaSpain Department of Cellular Biology Physiology and ImmunologyUniversitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBellaterraSpain Multiple Sclerosis Unit Department of NeurosciencesGermans Trias i Pujol University HospitalBarcelonaSpain Department of Medicine Universitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBellaterraSpain View author publications Department of Immunology Institute for Biological Research“Siniša Stanković”-National Institute of Republic of SerbiaUniversity of BelgradeBelgradeSerbia Department of Medical Immunology Medical University of GdańskGdańskPoland Poltreg S.A. GdańskPoland Department of Anaesthesiology&Intensive Care Medical University of GdańskGdańskPoland

Multiple sclerosis(MS)is a leading cause of chronic neurological disability in young to middle-aged adults,affecting~2.5 million people ***,most therapeutics for MS are systemic immunosuppressive or immunomodulatory drugs,but these drugs are unable to halt or reverse the disease and have the potential to cause serious adverse ***,there is an urgent need for the development of next-generation treatments that,alone or in combination,stop the undesired autoimmune response and contribute to the restoration of *** review analyzes current MS treatments as well as different cell-based therapies that have been proposed to restore homeostasis in MS patients(tolerogenic dendritic cells,regulatory T cells,mesenchymal stem cells,and vaccination with T cells).Data collected from preclinical studies performed in the experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis(EAE)model of MS in animals,in vitro cultures of cells from MS patients and the initial results of phase I/II clinical trials are analyzed to better understand which parameters are relevant for obtaining an efficient cell-based therapy for MS.

关键词： multiple sclerosis cell-based therapy tolerance neuroprotection autoimmunity