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An approach of the internal friction-dependent temperature changes for conventional and pure biogenic lubricating greases

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Friction 2024年第4期12卷 780-795页

作者： Leif AHME Erik KUHN miguelÁngel DELGADO Department of Mechanical Engineering and Production Management Hamburg University of Applied SciencesHamburg 20099Germany Department of Chemical Engineering Research in Product Technology and Chemical Processes(Pro2TecS)University of HuelvaHuelva 21071Spain

This work investigated the temperature changes inside the bulk of lubricating greases under controlled high-shear stress conditions(250-500 s-1).For this purpose,a newly developed temperature-measuring cell called Calidus was successfully *** temperature changes(ΔT)have been related to the greases'components(thickener,base oil-type,and composition)and the structural degradation of the lubricating ***,a theoretical approach was proposed for calculating the internal temperature change of lubricating greases during shear *** greases showed an internal temperature profile characterised by a sudden rise inΔT within the first 4 h from starting the test and subsequentΔT decay until it reaches the steady state ***,it was found that greases C1 and C5,formulated with lithium and calcium soap,respectively,with different soap content(16.1 wt%and 9.7 wt%,respectively),but the same base castor oil,showed the highest value of the maximumΔT,c.a.3.2 K,and the most drastic drop ofΔ*** greases showed both the highest specific densities and heat *** addition,they showed the lowest ratio of expended energies(Rtee),which means more structural degradation in the stressed *** the contrary,the grease C3,with 13 wt%of Li-soap but the lowest base oil's viscosity,showed the lowest maximumΔT and the temperature profile was characterised by a moderate variation ofΔT along the *** biogenic grease B3 developed a low-temperature change in the group of pure bio-genic greases close to grease C3.

关键词： shear-induced structural degradation rheology temperature measurements lubricating greases density lubricating greases specific heat capacities

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Corneal and intraocular pressure changes associated to the circadian rhythms:a narrative review

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第10期17卷 1921-1928页

作者： Laura Barberán-Bernardos miguelÁngel Ariza-Gracia David P Piñero Department of Optics Pharmacology and AnatomyUniversity of AlicanteSan Vicente del Raspeig 03690AlicanteSpain ARTORG Center for Biomedical Engineering Research University of BernBern 3008Switzerland Department of Ophthalmology(IMQO-Oftalmar) Vithas Medimar International HospitalAlicante 03016Spain

AIM:To synthesize the current body of research regarding the diurnal variations in intraocular pressure(IOP)and corneal biomechanical and morphological parameters,highlighting their significance in various eye ***:A comprehensive review of studies on the diurnal variations of IOP and corneal parameters was *** findings from various studies were assessed,including the Goldmann applanation tonometry(GAT)and non-contact *** on the variations in central corneal thickness(CCT),corneal curvature,and corneal biomechanics measured by the Ocular Response Analyzer system across different population groups was extracted and ***:In both healthy subjects and those with Fuchs dystrophy,IOP and CCT demonstrate marked diurnal *** remains the gold standard for tonometry,with the highest ***,its measurements are influenced by *** patients and those with pseudoexfoliation showed significant diurnal variations in *** biomechanical parameters,especially corneal hysteresis(CH)and the corneal resistance factor(CRF),largely remain stable throughout the day for most of eye conditions,with some ***,the corneal morphology diurnal variation,particularly curvature,yielded mixed conclusions across ***:Circadian rhythms significantly influence various corneal parameters,most notably IOP and *** studies should emphasize standardized approaches larger sample sizes,and delve deeper into less-explored areas,such as the effects of orthokeratology lenses on diurnal biomechanical shifts.

关键词： circadian rhythms intraocular pressure corneal thickness corneal biomechanics corneal curvature

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Pollen analysis reveals the effects of uncovered interactions,pollen-carrying structures,and pollinator sex on the structure of wild bee-plant networks

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Insect science 2024年第3期31卷 971-988页

作者： Clément Tourbez Carmelo Gómez-Martínez miguelÁngel Gonzalez-Estévez Amparo Lazaro Mediterranean Institute for Advanced studies(UIB-CsIC) Global Change Research GroupEsporlesBalearic IslandsSpain Department of Biology Ecology AreaUniversity of the Balearic/slandsPalmaSpain

Pollination networks are increasingly used to model the complexity of interactions between pollinators and flowering plants in *** methods exist to sample these interactions,with direct observations of plant-pollinator contacts in the field being by far the most *** the identification of pollen carried by pollinators allows uncovering interactions and increasing sample sizes,the methods used to build pollen-transport networks are variable and their effect on network structure remains *** understand how interaction sampling influences the structure of networks,we analyzed the pollen found on wild bees from eight communities across Mallorca Island and investigated the differences in pollen loads between bee body parts(scopa ***)and *** then assessed how these differences,as well as the uncovered interactions not detected in the field,influenced the structure of wild bee-plant *** identified a higher quantity and diversity of pollen in the scopa than in the rest of the female body,but these differences did not lead to differences in structure between plant-pollination(excluding scopa pollen)and bee-feeding interaction(including scopa pollen)***,networks built with pollen data were richer in plant species and interactions and showed lower modularity and specialization(H2'),and higher nestedness than visitation networks based on field *** interactions with plants were stronger compared to those of males,although not ***,females were more generalist(low d')and tended to be more central in interaction networks,indicating their more key role structuring pollination networks in comparison to *** study highlights the importance of palynological data to increase the resolution of networks,as well as to understand important ecological questions such as the differences between plant-pollination and bee-feeding interaction networks,and the role of sexes in pollination.

关键词： palynology pollen-transport networks pollination role of bee sexes sampling methodology visitation networks

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Towards trustworthy multi-modal motion prediction:Holistic evaluation and interpretability of outputs

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CAAI Transactions on Intelligence Technology 2024年第3期9卷 557-572页

作者： sandra Carrasco Limeros sylwia Majchrowska Joakim Johnander Christoffer Petersson miguelángel s.telo David Fernández Llorca Computer Engineering Department Polytechnic SchoolUniversity of AlcalaMadridSpain AI sweden GothenburgSweden Zenseact AB GothenburgSweden Department of Electrical Engineering Linköping UniversityLinköpingSweden Chalmers University of Technology GothenburgSweden European Commission Joint Research CentreSevilleSpain

Predicting the motion of other road agents enables autonomous vehicles to perform safe and efficient path *** task is very complex,as the behaviour of road agents depends on many factors and the number of possible future trajectories can be consid-erable(multi-modal).Most prior approaches proposed to address multi-modal motion prediction are based on complex machine learning systems that have limited ***,the metrics used in current benchmarks do not evaluate all aspects of the problem,such as the diversity and admissibility of the *** authors aim to advance towards the design of trustworthy motion prediction systems,based on some of the re-quirements for the design of Trustworthy Artificial *** focus is on evaluation criteria,robustness,and interpretability of ***,the evaluation metrics are comprehensively analysed,the main gaps of current benchmarks are identified,and a new holistic evaluation framework is ***,a method for the assessment of spatial and temporal robustness is introduced by simulating noise in the perception *** enhance the interpretability of the outputs and generate more balanced results in the proposed evaluation framework,an intent prediction layer that can be attached to multi-modal motion prediction models is *** effectiveness of this approach is assessed through a survey that explores different elements in the visualisation of the multi-modal trajectories and *** proposed approach and findings make a significant contribution to the development of trustworthy motion prediction systems for autono-mous vehicles,advancing the field towards greater safety and reliability.

关键词： autonomous vehicles evaluation interpretability multi-modal motion prediction robustness trustworthy AI

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Comparison of Methods for Nitrate Interpolation in Wells in Aguascalientes, Mexico

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2024年第8期12卷 180-196页

作者： miguel Ángel González-Núñez Faculty of Engineering Autonomous University of Chihuahua (UACH) Chihuahua Mexico

The accuracy of interpolation models applied to groundwater depends, among other factors, on the interpolation method chosen. Therefore, it is necessary to compare different approaches. For this, different methods of interpolation of nitrate concentrations were contrasted in sixty-seven wells in an aquifer in Aguascalientes, Mexico. Four general interpolation methods were used in ArcGIs 10.5 to make the maps: IDW, Kriging, Natural Neighbor and spline. In the modeling, only method type was varied. The input parameters (location, temporality, and nitrate concentration) were the same in the four interpolations;despite this, different maximum and minimum values were obtained for each interpolation method: for IDW, 0.2 to 22.0 mg/l, for Kriging, 3.5 to 16.5 mg/l, for Natural Neighbor, 0.3 to 21.7 mg/l and for spline −30.8 to 37.2 mg/l. Finally, an assessment of the maps obtained was conducted by comparing them with the Official Mexican standard (OMs), where 24 of the 67 wells were found outside the 10 mg/l that the OMs establishes as maximum permissible limit for human consumption. Taking as a starting point the measured values of nitrates (0.25 to 22.12 mg/l), as well as the spatial distribution of the interpolated values, it was determined that the Krigging method best fitted the data measured in the wells within the studied aquifer.

关键词： Interpolation Nitrates Hydrogeology GIs Mexico

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A comprehensive look at the psychoneuroimmunoendocrinology of spinal cord injury and its progression: mechanisms and clinical opportunities

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Military Medical Research 2024年第2期11卷 228-267页

作者： miguel A.Ortega Oscar Fraile-Martinez Cielo García-Montero sergio Haro miguel Ángel Álvarez-Mon Diego De Leon-Oliva Ana M.Gomez-Lahoz Jorge Monserrat Mar Atienza-Pérez David Díaz Elisa Lopez-Dolado Melchor Álvarez-Mon Department of Medicine and Medical specialities University of Alcala28801 Alcala de HenaresSpain Ramón y Cajal Institute of sanitary Research(IRYCIs) 28034 MadridSpain Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health Hospital Universitario Infanta Leonor28031 MadridSpain service of Rehabilitation National Hospital for Paraplegic PatientsCarr.de la PeraledaS/N45004 ToledoSpain Immune system Diseases‑Rheumatology service and Internal Medicine University Hospital Príncipe de Asturias(CIBEREHD)28806 Alcala de HenaresSpain

spinal cord injury(sCI)is a devastating and disabling medical condition generally caused by a traumatic event(primary injury).This initial trauma is accompanied by a set of biological mechanisms directed to ameliorate neural damage but also exacerbate initial damage(secondary injury).The alterations that occur in the spinal cord have not only local but also systemic consequences and virtually all organs and tissues of the body incur important changes after sCI,explaining the progression and detrimental consequences related to this ***(PNIE)is a growing area of research aiming to integrate and explore the interactions among the different systems that compose the human organism,considering the mind and the body as a *** initial traumatic event and the consequent neurological disruption trigger immune,endocrine,and multisystem dysfunction,which in turn affect the patient's psyche and *** the present review,we will explore the most important local and systemic consequences of sCI from a PNIE perspective,defining the changes occurring in each system and how all these mechanisms are ***,potential clinical approaches derived from this knowledge will also be collectively presented with the aim to develop integrative therapies to maximize the clinical management of these patients.

关键词： spinal cord injury(sCI) Psychoneuroimmunoendocrinology(PNIE) secondary injury Immunoinflammatory dysfunction Gut microbiota Translational opportunities

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Towards efficient strain engineering of 2D materials:A four-points bending approach for compressive strain

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Nano Research 2024年第6期17卷 5317-5325页

作者： Hao Li Félix Carrascoso Ana Borrás Gloria P.Moreno Francisco J.Aparicio Ángel Barranco Andrés Castellanos Gómez Campus de Cantoblanco Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de MadridC.Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz328049 MadridSpain Nanotechnology on surfaces and Plasma Lab Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Sevilla(CSIC-Universidad de Sevilla).C/Americo Vespucio 49E-41092 SevilleSpain Departamento de Física Aplicada I Escuela Politécnica SuperiorUniversidad de Sevillac/Virgen deÁfrica 7E-41011 SevilleSpain

strain engineering,as a powerful strategy to tune the optical and electrical properties of two-dimensional(2D)materials by deforming their crystal lattice,has attracted significant interest in recent years.2D materials can sustain ultra-high strains,even up to 10%,due to the lack of dangling bonds on their surface,making them ideal brittle *** remarkable mechanical resilience,together with a strong strain-tunable band structure,endows 2D materials with a broad optical and electrical response upon ***,strain engineering based on 2D materials is restricted by their nanoscale and strain quantification *** this study,we have modified a homebuilt three-points bending apparatus to transform it into a four-points bending apparatus that allows for the application of both compressive and tensile strains on 2D *** approach allows for the efficient and reproducible construction of a strain system and minimizes the buckling effect caused by the van der Waals interaction by adamantane encapsulation *** results demonstrate the feasibility of introducing compressive strain on 2D materials and the potential for tuning their optical and physical properties through this approach.

关键词： uniaxial compressive strain polymer encapsulation differential reflectance spectroscopy exciton tunability

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Analysis of a passive ankle exoskeleton for reduction of metabolic costs during walking

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第7期37卷 62-68页

作者： Luís Quinto Pedro Pinheiro sergio B.Goncalves Ivo Roupa Paula simoes miguel Tavares da silva CINAMIL Academia MilitarInstituto Universitario MilitarLisbonPortugal IDMEC Instituto Superior TecnicoUniversidade de LisboaLisbonPortugal

Modern conflicts demand substantial physical and psychological exertion,often resulting in fatigue and diminished combat or operational *** exoskeletons have been developed recently to address these challenges,presenting various limitations that affect their operational or everyday *** article evaluates the performance of a dual-purpose passive ankle exoskeleton developed for the reduction of metabolic costs during walking,seeking to identify a force element that could be applied to the target *** on the 6-min walk test,twenty-nine subjects participated in the study using three different force *** results indicate that it is possible to reduce metabolic expenditure while using the developed ***,the comfort and range of motion results verify the exoskeleton's suitability for use in uneven terrain and during extended ***,the choice of the force element should be tailored to each user,and the control system should be adjustable to optimise the exoskeleton's performance.

关键词： Ankle passive exoskeleton Metabolic cost reduction Dual-use exoskeleton Gait Biomechanics

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Auctions to reveal consumers’willingness to pay for low-carbon hydrogen projects:combining lessons from renewables and natural-gas industries

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Clean Energy 2024年第4期8卷 103-110页

作者： miguel Vazquez Michelle Hallack sDA school of Management Bocconi UniversityVia Roberto Sarfatti1020136 MilanMIItaly Florence school of Regulation EUIVia Giovanni Boccaccio12150133 FirenzeFIItaly

Low-carbon hydrogen is expected to play a key role in realizing net-zero and sustainable development ***,there is a gap between the cost of producing low-carbon hydrogen and its potential users’willingness to pay for such *** implement support for the development of the industry,we propose using low-carbon hydrogen long-term agreements allocated through auction *** objectives are 2-fold:(i)matching supply and demand volumes considering the time horizon and geographical delivery point specification and(ii)allocating the *** perspective article innovates by proposing a reference price indexed to liquid to natural-gas prices,which is the main product that low-carbon hydrogen aims to *** premium and the production cost are defined through a double-sided *** aims to minimize the public policy funds required to incentivize the low-carbon hydrogen market while facilitating long-term agreements and mitigating price risks that may hinder investment.

关键词： hydrogen auctions Renewable Eenergy systems support mechanisms natural gas

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Endotoxin-induced alterations of adipose tissue function:a pathway to bovine metabolic stress

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Journal of Animal science and Biotechnology 2024年第4期15卷 1391-1407页

作者： miguel Chirivi G.Andres Contreras Department of Large Animal Clinical sciences Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMIUSA

During the periparturient period, dairy cows exhibit negative energy balance due to limited appetite and increased energy requirements for lactogenesis. The delicate equilibrium between energy availability and expenditure puts cows in a state of metabolic stress characterized by excessive lipolysis in white adipose tissues(AT), increased production of reactive oxygen species, and immune cell dysfunction. Metabolic stress, especially in AT, increases the risk for metabolic and inflammatory diseases. Around parturition, cows are also susceptible to endotoxemia. Bacterial-derived toxins cause endotoxemia by promoting inflammatory processes and immune cell infiltration in different organs and systems while impacting metabolic function by altering lipolysis, mitochondrial activity, and insulin sensitivity. In dairy cows, endotoxins enter the bloodstream after overcoming the defense mechanisms of the epithelial barriers, particularly during common periparturient conditions such as mastitis, metritis, and pneumonia, or after abrupt changes in the gut microbiome. In the bovine AT, endotoxins induce a pro-inflammatory response and stimulate lipolysis in AT, leading to the release of free fatty acids into the bloodstream. When excessive and protracted, endotoxin-induced lipolysis can impair adipocyte's insulin signaling pathways and lipid synthesis. Endotoxin exposure can also induce oxidative stress in AT through the production of reactive oxygen species by inflammatory cells and other cellular components. This review provides insights into endotoxins' impact on AT function, highlighting the gaps in our knowledge of the mechanisms underlying AT dysfunction, its connection with periparturient cows' disease risk, and the need to develop effective interventions to prevent and treat endotoxemia-related inflammatory conditions in dairy cattle.

关键词： Adipose tissue dysfunction Endotoxin Inflammation Insulin resistance

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