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Flow Electrification of Insulated Liquid in Metal Pipes

Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2012年第6期25卷 1115-1120页

作者： ZHU Shouxin LIU Lin takahashi Satoshi School of Information and Engineering Huzhou Teachers College Huzhou 313000 China Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology Okayama University Okayama Japan

When relative motion occurs between a liquid and a solid, the two phases carry electric charge with opposite signs. The created charge easily accumulates in the liquid, and the amount of the charge carried in an insulated liquid refers to many factors, such as contact area with the solid surface, the contact time, and so forth. However, current theories agree that the amount of charge created during flow electrification is proportional to the contact surface. In this paper, the classical wall current theory is applied to establish an interfacial electrical double-layer model of flow electrification phenomena when an insulated liquid passes over metal pipe surface. Meanwhile, in conjunction with charge relaxation function, the relation between the charge density and flow velocity, the contact time and the contact area is obtained during the liquid flowing process. The experimental result demonstrates that the flowing charge carried in the insulated liquid is not simply proportional to the contact area, but has a non-linear dependence on the contact area and the contact time. Moreover, down flow experimental equipment pipes of different length and diameter, and dielectric hydraulic oil VG46 are used in an experimental study of laminar flow, in order to understand electrification phenomena in dielectric liquid flowing over metal pipes of different length and aperture. If they both increase linearly, charge relaxation will increase exponentially. As a result, the test result verifies related theoretical analysis, and the method given provides a theoretical basis to analyze interracial electrical phenomena.

关键词： flow electrification metal pipes contact time relaxation

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Urban climate in the Tokyo metropolitan area in Japan

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2017年第9期29卷 54-62页

作者： Jun Matsumoto Fumiaki Fujibe Hideo takahashi Research Center for Climatology Department of Geography Tokyo Metropolitan University Department of Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere-Land Processes Research JAMSTEC

Long-term climate changes related with urbanization in Tokyo, Japan, and recent temperature and heavy rainfall distribution in the Tokyo metropolitan area are reviewed. A relatively high temperature increase in annual mean temperature at the rate of 3.0°C/century was detected in Tokyo for the period 1901–2015. Some observational evidence showed the existence of both thermal and mechanical effects of urbanization on recent heavy rainfall occurrences, and modeling studies also support precipitation enhancement. Urban influences were recognized in other climatological elements, such as number of fog days, relative humidity, and wind circulation.

关键词： Heat island Cool island Heavy rainfall Fog Humidity Sea breeze

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A sulfur–microporous carbon composite positive electrode for lithium/sulfur and silicon/sulfur rechargeble batteries

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2015年第6期25卷 612-621页

作者： Takuya takahashi Masaki Yamagata Masashi Ishikawa Department of Chemistry and Materials Engineering Faculty of ChemistryMaterials and BioengineeringKansai University

Sulfur is an advantageous material as a promising next-generation positive electrode material for high-energy lithium batteries due to a high theoretical capacity of 1672 m A h g 1although its discharge potential is somewhat modest:ca.2 V vs Li/***,a sulfur positive electrode has some crucial problems for practical use,which are mainly attributed to the dissolution of its intermediate products in charge–discharge *** order to resolve the dissolution problem of lithium polysulfide,we attempted to synthesize a sulfur–microporous activated carbon(AC) composite positive ***,we have systematically researched the battery performance of sulfur–microporous AC positive electrode with variations of electrolytes as well as negative electrodes,and found its promising positive electrode performance for a nextgeneration rechargeable battery.

关键词： Sulfur Micropore Ionic liquid Silicon Lithium-ion battery

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Hand-holding and releasing between the anion and cation to change their macroscopic behavior in water

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Green Energy & Environment 2019年第2期4卷 127-130页

作者： Kosuke Kuroda Yumiko Shimada Kenji takahashi Faculty of Biological Science and Technology Institute of Science and Engineering Kanazawa University

Despite the similarity of ionic liquid and zwitterion, their some properties such as conductivity and hydrophobicity are different. Here we developed a novel phosphonium salt having a dynamic covalent bond between anion and cation, enabling reversible structural shift between free ion pair and zwitterion. With the phosphonium salt, control of the macroscopic phase behavior in aqueous solution, i.e. forming mono-or biphasic systems, upon exposure to an acid or base was reversibly achieved, based on the structural shift of the phosphonium salt. CO_2/N_2 bubbling reversibly changed the phase behavior as well as acid/base, leading to green separation systems.

关键词： Ionic liquid Zwitterion Phase separation Dynamic covalent bond

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Slip Flow on Graphene:Current Status and Perspective

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Journal of Thermal Science 2022年第4期31卷 1115-1134页

作者： CHEN Kuan-Ting LI Qin-Yi takahashi Koji Department ofAeronautics and Astronautics Kyushu UniversityFukuoka 819-0395Japan International Institute for Carbon-Neutral Energy Research(WPI-I2CNER) Kyushu UniversityFukuoka 819-0395Japan

Fast fluid transport on graphene has attracted a growing body of research due to a wide range of potential applications including thermal management,water desalination,energy harvesting,and ***,we critically review the theoretical,simulational,and experimental progress regarding the fluid slippage on *** on the summary of the past studies,we give perspectives on future research directions towards complete understanding and practical applications of slip flow on graphene.

关键词： slip flow graphene nanochannel simulation experiment

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Histopathology of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease/nonalcoholic steatohepatitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第42期20卷 15539-15548页

作者： Yoshihisa takahashi Toshio Fukusato Department of Pathology Teikyo University School of Medicine

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD), a hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome, is the most common chronic liver disease, and the prevalence is rapidly increasing worldwide. Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH), the severe form of NAFLD, can progress to liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC). Although noninvasive clinical scores and image-based diagnosis for NAFLD have improved, histopathological evaluation of biopsy specimens remains the gold standard for diagnosing NAFLD/NASH. Steatosis, lobular inflammation, and hepatocellular ballooning are all necessary components for the diagnosis of NASH; fibrosis is also typically observed. Other histopathological abnormalities commonly observed in NASH include hepatocellular glycogenated nuclei, lipogranulomas, and acidophil bodies. The characteristics of pediatric NAFLD/NASH differ from adult NAFLD/NASH. Specifically, steatosis and portal inflammation are more severe in pediatric NAFLD, while intralobular inflammation and perisinusoidal fibrosis are milder. Although interobserver agreement for evaluating the extent of steatosis and fibrosis is high, agreement is low for intralobular and portal inflammation. A recently reported histological variant of HCC, steatohepatitic HCC(SH-HCC), showsfeatures that resemble non-neoplastic steatohepatitis,and is thought to be strongly associated with underlying *** this report,we review the histopathological features of NAFLD/NASH.

关键词： Histopathology Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis Pediatric Interobserver variation

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日本长期护理保险的现状评估与未来展望

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国际老年医学杂志 2024年第3期45卷 257-260页

作者：高桥泰王丽香国际保健福祉大学东京107-8402

日本社会进入老龄化比中国早约30年,对照了1980-2035年期间日本65~74岁和75岁及以上人口的变化以及日本和中国老龄化率推移变化,作者对日本养老设施供需平衡的演变进行了研究,主要对2018年日本各地区每1 000人中75岁及以上人口拥有的养... 详细信息

日本社会进入老龄化比中国早约30年,对照了1980-2035年期间日本65~74岁和75岁及以上人口的变化以及日本和中国老龄化率推移变化,作者对日本养老设施供需平衡的演变进行了研究,主要对2018年日本各地区每1 000人中75岁及以上人口拥有的养老设施床位数水平进行了研究;同时,根据各年龄段的地区人口结构和各年龄段使用养老设施的比例,研究了从2014-2018年养老设施床位的供应数量。研究发现预计到2025年后需要长期护理的80岁及以上的老年人口将迅速增加,如果继续保持过去的养老设施需求增加趋势,日本社会将需要继续建设养老设施。在中国,此类养老设施供需预测对于养老设施的发展至关重要。鉴于老年人的健康水平和价值观会随着时间的推移而发生变化,在定期修正预测模型的同时,继续建立更高精度的模型非常重要。日本30年前的情况以及此后的变化对中国建立长期护理需求预测模型具有重要的参考价值。

关键词：老龄化社会养老设施供求关系长期护理保险

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CREB-binding proteins (CBP) as a transcriptional coactivator of GATA-2

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2008年第3期51卷 191-198页

作者： TOMOMI takahashi TORU Nakano Department of Pathology Medical School and Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences Osaka University Yamada-oka 2-2 Suita Osaka 565-0871 Japan

The GATA family consists of six members, GATA 1-6. In this study, we focused on GATA-2, which is expressed predominantly in hematopoietic progenitor cells and plays the key role in keeping these cells in the undifferentiated status. CREB-binding proteins (CBP) are essential transcriptional coacti- vators for a large number of regulated DNA-binding transcription factors, including GATA-1. But there have been no reports on whether CBP is still a co-activator of GATA-2. Here, we used the immunopre- cipitation and pull-down experiments to show that the GATA-2 and CBP were physically binding to- gether, and clarified the binding sites CH1, CH3 , CH452 and CT1430 in CBP and N-finger, C-finger and N-C-finger in GATA-2. Luciferase assay results in our experiment indicated that CBP could increase GATA-2 transcriptional activity in the dose-dependent manner. GATA-1 is mainly expressed in differen- tiated hematopoietic cells, but still has overlap expression with GATA-2. CBP is a coactivator of GATA-2 and GATA-1. The investigation on the mechanism that could decide whether CBP binds to GATA-2 to keep hematopoietic cells in the progenitor status or to GATA-1 to start differentiation will be a very in- teresting and very meaningful project in the near future.

关键词： CBP TATA-2 coactivator hematopoietic cells

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Effects of leaf age,elevation and light conditions on photosynthesis and leaf traits in saplings of two evergreen conifers,Abies veitchii and ***

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2020年第4期13卷 460-469页

作者： Rina Suzuki Koichi takahashi Department of Science Graduate School of Science and TechnologyShinshu UniversityAsahi 3-1-1Matsumoto 390-8621Japan Department of Biology Faculty of ScienceShinshu UniversityMatsumoto 390-8621Japan Department of Mountain Ecosystem Institute for Mountain ScienceShinshu UniversityAsahi 3-1-1Matsumoto 390-8621Japan

Aims Subalpine coniferous species are distributed over a wide range of elevations in which they must contend with stressful conditions,such as high elevations and extended periods of *** evergreen coniferous species,Abies veitchii and Abies mariesii,dominate at low and high elevations,respectively,in the subalpine zone,central *** aim of this study is to examine the effects of leaf age,elevation and light conditions on photosynthetic rates through changes in morphological and physiological leaf traits in the two *** We here examined effects of leaf age,elevation and light conditions on photosynthesis,and leaf traits in *** and *** of the two conifers were sampled in the understory and canopy gaps at their lower(1600 m)and upper(2300 m)distribution *** Findings The two species showed similar responses to leaf age and different responses to elevation and light conditions in photosynthesis and leaf *** maximum photosynthetic rate of *** is correlated negatively with leaf mass per area(LMA)and non-structural carbohydrate(NSC)*** increased at high elevations in the two species,whereas NSC concentrations increased only in ***,the maximum photosynthetic rate of *** decreased at high ***,maximum photosynthetic rates correlate positively with nitrogen concentration in both *** the understory,leaf nitrogen concentrations decreased and increased in *** and ***,*** decreased and the chlorophyll-to-nitrogen ratio increased in understory conditions only for ***,suggesting it has a higher light-capture efficiency in dark conditions than does *** study concluded that *** has more shade-tolerant photosynthetic and leaf traits and its photosynthetic rate is less affected by elevation compared with ***,allowing *** to survive in the understory and to dominate at high elevations.

关键词： leaf chlorophyll leaf mass per area leaf nitrogen non-structural carbohydrate concentration stable carbon–isotope ratio

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On improving strigolactone mimics for induction of suicidal germination of the root parasitic plant Striga hermonthica

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aBIOTECH 2021年第1期2卷 1-13页

作者： Ikuo takahashi Kosuke Fukui Tadao Asami Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences The University of TokyoTokyo 113-8657Japan

Strigolactones(SLs)are plant hormones that regulate the branching of plants and seed germination stimulants of root parasitic *** root parasites are a great threat to agricultural production,the use of SL agonists could be anticipated to provide an efficient method for regulating root parasites as suicidal germination inducers.A series of phenoxyfuranone-type SL mimics,termed debranones,has been reported to show potent bioactivities,including reduction of the tiller number on rice,and stimulation of seed germination in the root parasite Striga *** exert both activities,two substituents on the phenyl ring of the molecules were important but at least a substituent at the 2-position must be an electron-withdrawing ***,little is known about the effect of the properties of the substituents at the 2-position on ***,we found that different substituents at the 2-position give different preferences for *** debranones were more effective than the others and SL agonist GR24 for inhibiting rice tiller but far less effective in the induction of *** ***,nitrile and methyl derivatives clearly stimulated the germination of *** *** their IC_(50) values were 100 times higher than that of GR24 in the receptor competitive binding assay,their physiological activities were approximately 1/10 of *** differences could be due to their uptake in plants and/or their physicochemical stability under our experimental *** findings could support the design of more potent and selective SL agonists that could contribute to solving big agricultural issues.

关键词： Agonist Rice Root parasitic weed Seed germination Strigolactone Tillering

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