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Relationship between Nonexercise Activity Thermogenesis and Calf Circumference in Older Women

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Open Journal of Therapy and Rehabilitation 2024年第3期12卷 213-223页

作者： michio Wachi Takumi Jiroumaru Mika Suzuki Shinichi Noguchi Ayako Satonaka Department of Physical Therapy Bukkyo University Kyoto City Japan Department of Physical Therapy Biwako Professional University of Rehabilitation Higashiomi City Japan Graduate School of Medicine Nagoya University Nagoya City Japan Faculty of Health and Medical Science Aichi Syukutoku University Nagakute City Japan

Purpose: Frailty is a state of declined vitality of the body and mind with age in which life functions are impaired. In addition, there is a difference in the susceptibility of older women to frailty compared with that of older men. Therefore, assessing and encouraging physical activity in older adults before they become frail is essential. We aimed to clarify the relationship between calf circumference and body composition and assess the potential association between calf circumference and physical activity indices in older women. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 18 healthy older adults (age 69.0 ± 5.7 years). The physical characteristics, calf circumference, body composition, calf muscle thickness, and physical activity questionnaire that included items on exercise-related activity thermogenesis (EAT) and nonexercise activity thermogenesis (NEAT) were assessed. The association between calf circumference and these additional measures was examined. Results: Positive and significant correlations were found between the calf circumference and body weight, body mass index (BMI), skeletal muscle mass, skeletal muscle mass index, calf muscle thickness, total questionnaire score, and NEAT score (r = 0.66 - 0.87). However, no significant correlations were observed between the calf circumference and EAT scores. Conclusion: Calf circumference in older women may reflect NEAT activity. Improving NEAT activity is an important health-promoting factor in older women.

关键词： Nonexercise Activity Thermogenesis Frailty Calf Circumference Older Women

Fundamental study on mixing layer and horizontal circulation in open-channel flows with rectangular embayment zone

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2017年第1期29卷 75-88页

作者： michio Sanjou Iehisa Nezu Department of Civil and Earth Resources Engineering Kyoto UniversityKyotoJapan

A part of mean kinetic energy in a main-channel is used for production of a large-scale horizontal circulation in the side cavity. However, the details of the mechanism such as energy transport are poorly understood. Therefore, we conducted PIV mea- surements in a laboratory flume and compared space distributions of mean velocity components and Reynolds stress by varying a cavity geometry. In particular, a practical calculation method of Reynolds stress was also developed and its accuracy was examined by comparison with the measured data. Furthermore, contributions of components in an energy transport equation were revealed quantitatively.

关键词： Embayment open-channel turbulence mixing layer Reynolds stress mean kinetic energy

Numerical prediction of colloidal phase separation by direct computation of Navier–Stokes equation

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npj Computational Materials 2019年第1期5卷 806-814页

作者： michio Tateno Hajime Tanaka Department of Fundamental Engineering Institute of Industrial ScienceUniversity of Tokyo4-6-1 KomabaMeguro-kuTokyo 153-8505Japan

Numerical prediction of out-of-equilibrium processes in soft and bio matter containing liquids is highly ***,it is quite challenging primarily because the motions of the components at different hierarchical levels(e.g.,large colloids and small solvent molecules)are spatio-temporally coupled in a complicated manner via momentum *** we critically examine the predictability of numerical simulations for colloidal phase separation as a prototype example of self-organization of soft materials containing a *** use coarse-grained hydrodynamic simulations to tackle this problem,and succeed in almost perfectly reproducing the structural and topological evolution experimentally observed by three-dimensional confocal microscopy without any adjustable ***,comparison with non-hydrodynamic simulations shows the fundamental importance of many-body hydrodynamic interactions in colloidal phase *** predictive power of our computational approach may significantly contribute to not only the basic understanding of the dynamical behavior and self-organization of soft,bio and active matter but also the computer-aided design of colloidal materials.

关键词： materials. separation hydrodynamic

Muscularis mucosae in desmoplastic stroma formation of early invasive rectal adenocarcinoma

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第39期15卷 4976-4979页

作者： Shinichi Ban michio Shimizu Department of Pathology Saiseikai Kawaguchi General Hospital Department of Pathology Saitama Medical University International Medical Center

The origin of myofibroblasts or myofibroblastic cells in the desmoplastic stroma associated with carcinoma invasion has been controversial. In the early invasive area of a rectal adenocarcinoma reported here, an obvious transition between the muscularis mucosa and the bundles of eosinophilic stromal cells observed in the carcinomatous stroma was demonstrated both in morphology and in their cytoskeletal phenotype, which conceivably suggests that the smooth muscle cells of the muscularis mucosa could convert to the eosinophilic stromal cells, namely myofibroblasts. Moreover, type I procollagen was demonstrated in both protein and mRNA levels in the areas of eosinophilic stromal cells with a lesser degree of differentiated smooth muscle phenotype that showed a transition from the muscularis mucosa, implying that the myofibroblastic cells converted from smooth muscle cells of the muscularis mucosa could be responsible for type I collagen production. These findings suggest that the muscularis mucosae may not be a passive barrier through which colorectal carcinomas infiltrate into the submucosa, but may play an active role in the formation and remodeling of tumor stroma.

关键词： Rectal adenocarcinoma Muscularis mucosa Myofibroblast Cytoskeletal phenotype Type I collagen

Importance of hepatitis C virus-associated insulin resistance:Therapeutic strategies for insulin sensitization

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第16期16卷 1943-1952页

作者： Takumi Kawaguchi michio Sata Department of Digestive Disease Information & Research and Department of Medicine Kurume University School of Medicine

Insulin resistance is one of the pathological features in patients with hepatitis C virus(HCV) ***,persistence of insulin resistance leads to an increase in the risk of life-threatening complications such as cardiovascular ***,these complications are not major causes of death in patients with HCV-associated insulin ***,insulin resistance plays a crucial role in the development of various complications and events associated with HCV *** evidence indicates that HCV-associated insulin resistance may cause(1) hepatic steatosis;(2) resistance to anti-viral treatment;(3) hepatic f ibrosis and esophageal varices;(4) hepatocarcinogenesis and proliferation of hepatocellular carcinoma;and(5) extrahepatic ***,HCV-associated insulin resistance is a therapeutic target at any stage of HCV *** the risk of insulin resistance in HCV-infected patients has been documented,therapeutic guidelines for preventing the distinctive complications of HCV-associated insulin resistance have not yet been *** addition,mechanisms for the development of HCV-associated insulin resistance differ from lifestyle-associated insulin *** order to ameliorate HCV-associated insulin resistance and its complications,the eff icacy of the following interventions is discussed:a late evening snack,coffee consumption,dietary iron restriction,phlebotomy,and zinc *** is known regarding the effect of anti-diabetic agents on HCV infection,however,a possible association between use of exogenous insulin or a sulfonylurea agent and the development of HCC has recently been *** the other hand,insulin-sensitizing agents are reported to improve sustained virologic response *** this review,we summarize distinctive complications of,and therapeutic strategies for,HCVassociated insulin ***,we discuss supplementation with branched-chain amino acids as a unique insulin-sensitiz

关键词： Hepatitis C virus Diabetes mellitus Insulin resistance Complications Treatments Branched-chain amino acid

Application of Brillouin Optical Correlation Domain Analysis for Crack Identification in Concrete Structure

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Photonic Sensors 2013年第4期3卷 377-384页

作者： michio IMAI Satoru MIURA Kajima Technical Research Institute Tokyo 1820036 Japan

This paper investigates the application of distributed optical fiber strain sensors to civil engineering structures, because no other tool can satisfactorily detect the location of the unpredictable phenomenon. In fact, the locations of cracks in the concrete structure are unknown a priori; therefore, a fully distributed sensor is necessary to detect them. The Brillouin optical correlation domain analysis （BOCDA）, which offers high spatial resolution by using stimulated Brillouin scattering along the whole length of the optical fiber, is used in a wide range of civil engineering applications, and the same has undergone significant development over the last decade. In this paper, it is demonstrated how a BOCDA-based strain sensor can be employed to monitor cracks in concrete. Crack monitoring on the surface of the concrete member provides useful information for evaluating stiffness and durability of the structure, particularly for early detection of tiny cracks, which is essential for preventing crack growth and dispersion. The crack-induced strain distribution was analytically investigated, and it was proved that BOCDA can identify even a small crack before its visual recognition by a beam test. Moreover, periodical crack monitoring was successfully executed on a pedestrian deck for five years.

关键词： Stimulated Brillouin scattering optical fiber sensor strain measurement distributed sensing

Krein space representation and Lorentz groups of analytic Hilbert modules

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Science China Mathematics 2018年第4期61卷 745-768页

作者： Yue Wu michio Seto Rongwei Yang School of Insurance Central University of Finance and EconomicsBeijing 100081China National Defense Academy Yokosuka 239-8686Japan Department of Mathematics State University of New York at AlbanyAlbanyNY 12222USA

This paper aims to introduce some new ideas into the study of submodules in Hilbert spaces of analytic functions. The effort is laid out in the Hardy space over the bidisk H^2(D^2). A closed subspace M in H^2(D^2) is called a submodule if ziM ? M(i = 1, 2). An associated integral operator(defect operator) CM captures much information about M. Using a Kre??n space indefinite metric on the range of CM, this paper gives a representation of M. Then it studies the group(called Lorentz group) of isometric self-maps of M with respect to the indefinite metric, and in finite rank case shows that the Lorentz group is a complete invariant for congruence relation. Furthermore, the Lorentz group contains an interesting abelian subgroup(called little Lorentz group) which turns out to be a finer invariant for M.

关键词： submodules Krein spaces reproducing kernels defect operators Lorentz group little Lorentz group

Motor vehicle accidents: How should cirrhotic patients be managed?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第21期18卷 2597-2599页

作者： Takumi Kawaguchi Eitaro Taniguchi michio Sata Division of Gastroenterology Department of Medicine Kurume University School of MedicineKurume 830-0011 Japan Department of Digestive Disease Information and Research Kurume University School of MedicineKurume 830-0011 Japan

Motor vehicle accidents (MVAs) are serious social issues worldwide and driver illness is an important cause of MVAs. Minimal hepatic encephalopathy (MHE) is a com- plex cognitive dysfunction with attention deficit, which frequently occurs in cirrhotic patients independent of severity of liver disease. Although MHE is known as a risk factor for MVAs, the impact of diagnosis and treatment of MHE on MVA-related societal costs is largely unknown. Recently, Bajaj et al demonstrated valuable findings that the diagnosis of MHE by rapid screening using the inhibitory control test (ICT), and subsequent treatment with lactulose could substantially reduce the societal costs by preventing MVAs. Besides the ICT and lactulose, there are various diagnostic tools and therapeutic strategies for MHE. In this commentary, we discussed a current issue of diagnostic tools for MHE, including neuropsychological tests. We also discussed the advantages of the other therapeutic strategies for MHE, such as intake of a regular breakfast and coffee, and supplementation with zinc and branched chain amino acids, on the MVA-related societal costs.

关键词： Traffic accident Subclinical hepatic encephalopathy Coffee Zinc Branched chain amino acids

Numerical and Experimental Studies of an Arc-heated Nonequilibrium Nozzle Flow

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Journal of Thermal Science 2003年第4期12卷 289-293页

作者： michio Nishida Ken-ichi Abe Hisashi Kihara Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics Kyushu University Fukuoka 812-8581 JapanDepartment of Aeronautics and Astronautics Kyushu University Fukuoka 812-8581 JapanDepartment of Aeronautics and Astronautics Kyushu University Fukuoka 812-8581 Japan

The arc-heated high-temperature gas is rotationally and vibrationally excited, and partially dissociated and ionized. When such gas flows inside a nozzle, energy transfers from rotational and vibrational energy modes to translational energy mode, and, in addition, recombination reactions occur. These processes are in thermal and chemical nonequilibrium. The present computations treat arc-heated nonequilibrium nozzle flows using a six temperature model (translational, rotational, N2 vibrational, O2 vibrational, NO vibrational and electron temperatures), and nonequilibrium chemical reactions of air. From the calculated flow properties, emission spectra at the nozzle exit were re-constructed by using the code for computing spectra of high temperature air. On the other hand, measurements of N2+(1-) emission spectra were conducted at the nozzle exit in the 20 kW arc-heated wind tunnel. Vibrational and rotational temperatures of N2 were determined using a curve fitting method on N2+(1-) emission spectra, with the vibrational and rotational temperatures for N2 and N2+ being assumed equal. Comparison of the measured and computed results elucidated that the experimental temperatures were larger than the computed ones. At present, we are trying to reveal the main reason for the discrepancy between the computed and measured N2 vibrational and rotational temperatures.

关键词： nozzle flow high temperature gas nonequilibrium flow arc-heated gas.