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Suppression of fibrosis in human pterygium fibroblasts by butyrate and phenylbutyrate

International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2017年第9期10卷 1337-1343页

作者： Yuka Koga Noriaki Maeshige Hiroto Tabuchi Mikiko Uemura michiko aoyama-ishikawa Makoto Miyoshi Chikako Katakami Makoto Usami Division of Nutrition and Metabolism Department ofBiophysicsKobe University Graduate School of Health SciencesTomogaoka 7-10-2Suma-kuKobeJapan Department of Rehabilitation Science Kobe University Graduate School of Health SciencesTomogaoka 7-10-2Suma-kuKobeJapan Department of Ophthalmology Saneikai Tsukazaki HospitalWaku 68-1Aboshi-kuHimejiJapan Department of Nutrition Kobe University HospitalKobe University School of MedicineKusunoki-cho 7-5-2Chuo-kuKobeJapan

AIM：To evaluate the antifibrogenic effects of butyrate or phenylbutyrate,a chemical derivative of butyrate,in human pterygium ***：Human pterygium fibroblasts obtained from patient pterygium tissue were treated with butyrate or phenylbutyrate for *** ofα-smooth muscle actin,collagen I,collagen III and matrix metalloproteinase-1m RNA was measured by quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction,and acetylated histone was evaluated by Western ***：Butyrate inhibitedα-smooth muscle actin,type III collagen and matrix metalloproteinase-1 expressions,and phenylbutyrate inhibited types I and III collagen and matrix metalloproteinase-1 expressions without changing cell viability as well as both of these increased histone *** results suggested that butyrate and phenylbutyrate suppress fibrosis through a mechanism involving histone deacetylase ***：This indicates that butyrate or phenylbutyrate have antifibrogenic effects in human pterygium fibroblasts and could be novel types of prophylactic and/or therapeutic drugs for pterygium,especially phenylbutyrate,which does not have the unpleasant smell associated with butyrate.

关键词： butyrate phenylbutymte pterygium fibroblasts antifibrogenic effect

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Pathogenic contribution of cholesteryl ester accumulation in the brain to neurodegenerative disorders

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第10期19卷 2099-2100页

作者： michiko Shirane Department of Molecular Biology Graduate School of Pharmaceutical SciencesNagoya City UniversityNagoyaJapan

Cholesteryl esters(CEs) have been increasingly implicated in neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease(AD).Alois Alzheimer noted three prominent neuropathologic features in his original analysis of the AD brain:senile plaques,neurofibrillary tangles,and lipid granule *** plaques,which are aggregates of amyloid-beta(Aβ),and neurofibrillary tangles,which are aggregates of phosphorylated tau,have been regarded as more consistent characteristics of the AD brain compared with lipid granule accumulation and thus have been studied more intensively(Foley,2010).

关键词： esters ester cholesteryl

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Pathways for Epidermal Cell Differentiation via the Homeobox Gene GLABRA2:Update on the Roles of the Classic Regulator

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2012年第10期54卷 729-737页

作者： Lin Qing Takashi aoyama State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research College of Life Sciences Peking University Beijing 100871 China Institute for Chemical Research Kyoto University Uji Kyoto 611-0011 Japan

Recent plant development studies have identified regulatory pathways for epidermal cell differentiation in Arabidopsis thafiana. Interestingly, some of such pathways contain transcriptional networks with a common structure in which the homeobox gene GLABLA2 （GL2） is downstream of the transactivation complex consisting of MYB, bHLH, and WD40 proteins. Here, we review the role of GL2 as an output device of the conserved network, and update the knowledge of epidermal cell differentiation pathways downstream of GL2. Despite the consistent position of GL2 within the network, its role in epidermal tissues varies; in the root epidermis, GL2 promotes non-hair cell differentiation after cell pattern formation, whereas inthe leaf epidermis, it is likely to be involved in both pattern formation and differentiation of trichomes. GL2 expression levels act as quantitative factors for initiation of cell differentiation in the root and leaf epidermis; the quantity of hairless cells in non-root hair cell files is reduced by g12 mutations in a semi-dominant manner, and entopically additive expression of GL2 and a heterozygous g12 mutation increase and decrease the number of trichomes, respectively. Although few direct target genes have been identified, evidence from genetic and expression analyses suggests that GL2 directly regulates genes with various hierarchies in epidermal cell differentiation pathways.

关键词： Morphogenesis pattern formation root hair trichome transcription factor.

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Important amino acid in the hemagglutinin glycoprotein of measles virus(MV)that governs hemadsorption

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Chinese Science Bulletin 1999年第7期44卷 612-617页

作者： michiko Watanabe Shigeharu Ueda Institute of Microbial Diseases Osaka University Osaka 565Institute of Microbial Diseases Osaka University Osaka 565 JapanJapan

Two strains of measles virus IMA and SMD that were isolated using B95a cell line show hemadsorption negative. After adaptation to Vero cells, these strains gain the ability to agglutinate AGM-RBC and show hemadsorption positive. Sequence analysis of these two kinds of virus reveals that the two strains all have a Ser (HAD negative) to Gly (HAD positive) mutation at position 546 in the H protein. Site-directed mutagenesis and expression in COS cells were used to confirm that the mutation Ser→Gly is responsible for hemadsorption alteration. Then the monoclonal antibody against CD46 was used to identify that this mutation also governs the binding function of MV H protein to CD46 receptor. The data provide a new important amino acid of MV H protein that governs the hemadsorption and binding to CD46 receptor.

关键词： H protein CD46 receptor hemadsorption site-directed mutagenesis.

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Intelligent throughput stabilizer for UDP-based rate-control communication system

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Intelligent and Converged Networks 2021年第3期2卷 205-212页

作者： michiko Harayama Noboru Miyagawa Department of Electric Electronics and Informatics Faculty of EngineeringGifu UniversityGifu 501-1193Japan Department of Intelligence Science and Engineering Graduate School of Natural Science and TechnologyGifu UniversityGifu 501-1193Japan

michiko Harayama*and Noboru Miyagawa Abstract:In view of the successful application of deep learning,mainly in the field of image recognition,deep learning applications are now being explored in the fields of communication and computer *** these fields,systems have been developed by use of proper theoretical calculations and ***,due to the large amount of data to be processed,proper processing takes time and deviations from the theory sometimes occur due to the inclusion of uncertain ***,deep learning or nonlinear approximation by neural networks may be useful in some *** have studied a user datagram protocol(UDP)based rate-control communication system called the simultaneous multipath communication system(SMPC),which measures throughput by a group of packets at the destination node and feeds it back to the source node *** comparing the throughput with the recorded transmission rate,the source node detects congestion on the transmission route and adjusts the packet transmission ***,the throughput fluctuates as packets pass through the route,and if it is fed back directly,the transmission rate fluctuates greatly,causing the fluctuation of the throughput to become even *** addition,the average throughput becomes even *** this study,we tried to stabilize the transmission rate by incorporating prediction and learning performed by a neural *** prediction is performed using the throughput measured by the destination node,and the result is learned so as to generate a stabilizer.A simple moving average method and a stabilizer using three types of neural networks,namely multilayer perceptrons,recurrent neural networks,and long short-term memory,were built into the transmission controller of the *** results showed that not only fluctuation reduced but also the average throughput ***,the results demonstrated that deep learning can be used to predict and output stable v

关键词： throughput stabilizer rate control communication congestion control neural network

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Saccharomyces cerevisiae in neuroscience:how unicellular organism helps to better understand prion protein?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第3期16卷 489-495页

作者： Takao ishikawa Department of Molecular Biology Institute of BiochemistryFaculty of BiologyUniversity of WarsawWarsawPoland

The baker's yeast Saccharomyces(S.)cerevisiae is a single-celled eukaryotic model organism widely used in research on life *** a unicellular organism,*** has some evident limitations in application to ***,yeast prions are extensively studied and they are known to share some hallmarks with mammalian prion protein or other amyloidogenic proteins found in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's,Parkinson's,or Huntington's ***,the yeast *** has been widely used for basic research on aggregation properties of proteins in cellulo and on their ***,a yeast-based study revealed that some regions of mammalian prion protein and amyloidβ1–42 are capable of induction and propagation of yeast *** is one of the examples showing that evolutionarily distant organisms share common mechanisms underlying the structural conversion of prion proteins making yeast cells a useful system for studying mammalian prion *** has also been used to design novel screening systems for anti-prion compounds from chemical *** assays are cheap in maintenance and safe for the researcher,making them a very good choice to perform preliminary screening before further characterization in systems engaging mammalian cells infected with *** this review,not only classical red/white colony assay but also yeast-based screening assays developed during last year are *** analysis and research carried out using yeast prions force us to expect that prions are widely present in ***,the last few years brought us several examples indicating that the mammalian prion protein is no more peculiar protein–it seems that a better understanding of prion proteins nature-wide may aid us with the treatment of prion diseases and other amyloid-related medical conditions.

关键词： amyloid artificial prion baker's yeast budding yeast drug screening fusion protein neurodegenerative diseases prion protein yeast-based assay

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Insulin sensitivity and inhibition by forskolin,dipyridamole and pentobarbital of glucose transport in three L6 muscle cell lines

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2007年第6期50卷 739-747页

作者： Philip J BILAN michiko HAYASHI Programme in Cell Biology Hospital for Sick Children Toronto Canada M5G 1X8

L6 skeletal muscle myoblasts stably overexpressing glucose transporter GLUT1 or GLUT4 with exofa- cial myc-epitope tags were characterized for their response to insulin. In clonally selected cultures, 2-deoxyglucose uptake into L6-GLUT1myc myoblasts and myotubes was linear within the time of study. In L6-GLUT1myc and L6-GLUT4myc myoblasts, 100 nmol/L insulin treatment increased the GLUT1 content of the plasma membrane by 1.58±0.01 fold and the GLUT4 content 1.96±0.11 fold, as well as the 2-deoxyglucose uptake 1.53±0.09 and 1.86±0.17 fold respectively, all by a wortmannin-inhibitable manner. The phosphorylation of Akt in these two cell lines was increased by insulin. L6-GLUT1myc myoblasts showed a dose-dependent stimulation of glucose uptake by insulin, with unaltered sensitiv- ity and maximal responsiveness compared with wild type cells. By contrast, the improved insulin re- sponsiveness and sensitivity of glucose uptake were observed in L6-GLUT4myc myoblasts. Earlier studies indicated that forskolin might affect insulin-stimulated GLUT4 translocation. A 65% decrease of insulin-stimulated 2-deoxyglucose uptake in GLUT4myc cells was not due to an effect on GLUT4 mobi- lization to the plasma membrane, but instead on direct inhibition of GLUT4. Forskolin and dipyridamole are more potent inhibitors of GLUT4 than GLUT1. Alternatively, pentobarbital inhibits GLUT1 more than GLUT4. The use of these inhibitors confirmed that the overexpressed GLUT1 or GLUT4 are the major functional glucose transporters in unstimulated and insulin-stimulated L6 myoblasts. Therefore, L6-GLUT1myc and L6-GLUT4myc cells provide a platform to screen compounds that may have differ- ential effects on GLUT isoform activity or may influence GLUT isoform mobilization to the cell surface of muscle cells.

关键词： L6 muscle cells, glucose transporter (GLUT), insulin, 2-deoxyglucose uptake

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A study on particle breakage behavior during pile penetration process using acoustic emission source location

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Geoscience Frontiers 2020年第2期11卷 413-427页

作者： Wuwei Mao Shogo aoyama Ikuo Towhata Department of Geotechnical Engineering College of Civil EngineeringTongji UniversityShanghai 200092China Key Laboratory of Geotechnical and Underground Engineering Ministry of EducationTongji UniversityShanghai 200092China Kiso-Jiban Consultants Co. Ltd.TokyoJapan Department of Civil Engineering University of TokyoTokyoJapan

Particle breakage is a common occurrence in granular systems when the external stress exceeds the individual particle strength.A large number of experimental evidences suggested that particle breakage may significantly influence the soil *** the case of pile foundations,the subsoil below the pile tip experiences considerable high stress and consequently prone to *** to the lack of sufficient understanding on particle breakage mechanism,there is currently no consentaneous theoretical background for particle breakage analysis during the pile penetration *** study aims to clarify the location of particle breakage and its evolving characteristics with the aid of acoustic emission(AE)source location *** spatial distribution of AE hypocenters is interpreted to be associated with the mechanism of particle *** showed that the AE sources were not uniformly distributed,but concentrated within certain zones below the pile *** AE concentration zone was pushed downward with the advancing pile tip,and its distance from the real time pile tip position decreased after certain depth of pile *** location of particle breakage interpreted from AE source location was verified with posttest excavations and the insights on the particle breakage evolution zone were further discussed.

关键词： Acoustic emission Source location Sand Particle breakage Pile

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Estimating camera parameters from starry night photographs

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Computational Visual Media 2020年第4期6卷 445-454页

作者： Naoto ishikawa Yoshinori Dobashi Graduate School of Information Science and Technology Hokkaido UniversitySapporoJapan

We propose an efficient, specific method for estimating camera parameters from a single starry night image. Such an image consists of a collection of disks representing stars, so traditional estimation methods for common pictures do not work. Our method uses a database, a star catalog, that stores the positions of stars on the celestial sphere. Our method computes magnitudes(i.e., brightnesses) of stars in the input image and uses them to find the corresponding stars in the star catalog. Camera parameters can then be estimated by a simple geometric calculation. Our method is over ten times faster and more accurate than a previous method.

关键词： astrophotography constellation star identification pattern matching

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Surgical recovery of sperm in non-obstructive azoospermia

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2012年第1期14卷 109-115,178页

作者： Tomomoto ishikawa Department of Urology Ishikawa Hospital Himeji 6710221 Japan

The development of intracytoplasmic sperm injection （ICSI） opened a new era in the field of assisted reproduction and revolutionized the assisted reproductive technology protocols for couples with male factor infertility. Fertilisation and pregnancies can be achieved with spermatozoa recovered not only from the ejaculate but also from the seminiferous tubules. The most common methods for retrieving testicular sperm in non-obstructive azoospermia （NOA） are testicular sperm aspiration （TESA： needle/fine needle aspiration） and open testicular biopsy （testicular sperm extraction： TESE）. The optimal technique for sperm extraction should be minimally invasive and avoid destruction of testicular function, without compromising the chance to retrieve adequate numbers of spermatozoa to perform ICSh Microdissection TESE （micro-TESE）, performed with an operative microscope, is widely considered to be the best method for sperm retrieval in NOA, as larger and opaque tubules, presumably with active spermatogenesis, can be directly identified, resulting in higher spermatozoa retrieval rates with minimal tissue loss and low postoperative complications. Micro-TESE, in combination with ICSI, is applicable in all cases of NOA, including Klinefelter syndrome （KS）. The outcomes of surgical sperm retrieval, primarily in NOA patients with elevated serum follicle-stimulating hormone （FSH）（NOA including KS patients）, are reviewed along with the phenotypic features. The predictive factors for surgical sperm retrieval and outcomes of treatment were analysed. Finally, the short- and long-term complications in micro-TESE in both 46XY males with NOA and KS patients are considered.

关键词： azoospermia micro-TESE sperm retrieval TESE

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