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An Experimental Study on the Effects of Platelet Rich Plasma on the Wound Healing of Tooth Extraction-Related Bone Defects

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Open Journal of Stomatology 2017年第8期7卷 327-335页

作者： Kanae Niimi michiko yoshizawa Takahiro Koyama Akinori Funayama Toshihiko Mikami Tadaharu Kobayashi Division of Reconstructive Surgery for Oral and Maxillofacial Region Department of Tissue Regeneration and Reconstruction Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences Niigata University Niigata Japan Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery School of Dentistry Matsumoto Dental University Shiojiri Japan Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department of Oral Health Course of Science Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences Niigata University Niigata Japan

Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has been used as a therapeutic tool to promote wound healing, in orthopedics, dermatology, oral surgery, etc. However, the mechanisms underlying the wound healing effects of PRP remain unclear. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of applying PRP, particularly in the management of tooth extraction sockets. Three upper molars of Fischer rats were extracted, and blood was drawn from the hearts of other rats to prepare PRP. The PRP was activated and applied to the bone defects of the experimental group, and nothing was applied to the bone defects of the control group. On day 3, fibrin network and granulation tissue, which are abundant in blood capillaries, were seen under the PRP layer in the experimental group. On the other hand, only inflammatory cells and a fibrin network were observed in the bone defects of the control group. On day 7, granulation tissue was seen in the bone defects in both the control group and experimental group, although excavation of granulation tissue was noted in the control group. The results demonstrated the presence of a rich fibrin network and early inflammatory reactions in the experimental group, which may lead to rise of thick, vessel-rich granulation tissue. The application of PRP may stimulate wound healing in tooth extraction bone defects, and PRP may confer some beneficial effects on the outcomes.

关键词： Platelet Rich Plasma Wound Healing Bone Defect

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Application of Hypoxic Exposure Combined with Osteogenic Induction for the Enhancement of Multiple Osteoinductive Capabilities in Rat Mesenchymal Cells

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Open Journal of Stomatology 2018年第2期8卷 53-69页

作者： Naoaki Saito Hiroko Kato Yosuke Akiba Yuko Hara Taku Kojima michiko yoshizawa Atsushi Ohazama Takeyasu Maeda Tadaharu Kobayashi Kenji Izumi Division of Reconstructive Surgery for Oral and Maxillofacial Region Department of Tissue Regeneration and Reconstruction Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences Niigata Japan Division of Biomimetics Department of Oral Health Science Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences Niigata Japan Division of Oral Anatomy Department of Oral Biological Science Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences Niigata Japan Research Center for Advanced Oral Science Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences Niigata Japan Division of Bio-Prosthodontics Department of Oral Health Science Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences Niigata Japan

Objective: The enhancement of multiple functions, including osteogenesis, angiogenesis, and cell recruitment, is required for efficient bone regeneration therapy. Recently, special attention has been focused on the microenvironment of stem cells to facilitate bone regeneration. Herein, we examined the effects of various combinations of hypoxic conditions and osteogenic induction on rat mesenchymal cells, to develop a specific protocol for enhancing the multiple cellular functions beneficial to bone regeneration. Methods: Rat mesenchymal cells, isolated from bone marrow, adipose tissue, and periodontal ligament, were examined. The cells were cultured under varied conditions of O2 tension (hypoxia) and duration and timing of hypoxic exposure, with or without osteogenic induction. Consequently, four different protocols were examined by measuring the gene expression levels of Runx2, Vegfa, and Cxcl12, indicating a capability for osteogenesis, angiogenesis, and cell recruitment, respectively. Finally, the mineralization ability of the rat mesenchymal cells was assessed by quantitating their calcified nodule formation. Results: The simultaneous application of hypoxic exposure and osteogenic induction promoted Vegfa expression in all types of cells, but suppressed Runx2. In contrast, hypoxic preconditioning, followed by osteogenic induction, did not increase the expression of these genes;in fact, Vegfa expression decreased significantly. Among the various protocols, 0.5% O2 exposure for 12 h after osteogenic induction exhibited the largest fold changes of gene expression level, especially of Vegfa. Hypoxic post-conditioning enhanced the formation of calcified nodules in periodontal ligament-derived cells. Conclusion: Short-term hypoxic exposure after osteogenic induction could be used to improve the efficiency of mesenchymal cells for bone regeneration.

关键词： Osteogenesis Hypoxia Angiogenesis Cell Recruitment Mesenchymal Stem Cells

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