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Magnetic Resonance Imaging Characteristics of Tumefactive Demyelinating Lesions

Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering 2015年第5期8卷 321-326页

作者： Jiro Akimoto Tomohiro Suda Ryo Hashimoto Hirokazu Fukuhara michihiro kohno Department of Neurosurgery Tokyo Medical University Tokyo Japan

Tumefactive demyelinating lesions (TDLs) are often misdiagnosed as brain tumors. To identify imaging characteristics of TDLs for their proper diagnosis, their differences from malignant gliomas, etc., were investigated based on 3-Tesla magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and MR spectroscopy data that was obtained from 5 patients diagnosed with TDLs in our hospital. MfRI displayed a paraventricular lesion with a maximum diameter of ≥2 cm. Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) displayed a region of bright signal intensity at the margin of the lesion, and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) imaging displayed high signal intensity at the core of the lesion. The mass effect was mild relative to the size of the lesion, and the edema around the lesion was mild to moderate. Gadolinium-enhanced MRI displayed a characteristic open-ring sign, in which the ring of enhancement was incomplete (open towards the cortex), with the medullary vein running through the lesion, resulting in the enhancement of the surrounding area. MR spectroscopy displayed an increase in the choline peak, a decrease in the N-acetyl aspartate (NAA) peak, the presence of lactate/lipid peaks, and the presence of β, γ-glutamate-glutamine (GLX) peaks that are slightly shifted to a higher resonance frequency (2.1 - 2.4 ppm) from the NAA peak. Taken together, the following main characteristics were identified as imaging features of TDLs: bright rim on DWI, a high signal core on ADC imaging, an open-ring sign, and β, γ-GLX peaks on proton MR spectroscopy. We concluded that the key to the improvement of neurological symptoms of patients is the prompt initiation of steroid treatment following the accurate diagnosis of TDLs.

关键词： Tumefactive Demyelinating Lesions Open-Ring Sign MRI MR Spectroscopy

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The evolution of cancer genomic medicine in Japan and the role of the National Cancer Center Japan

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Cancer Biology & Medicine 2024年第1期21卷 29-44页

作者： Teruhiko Yoshida Yasushi Yatabe Ken Kato Genichiro Ishii Akinobu Hamada Hiroyuki Mano Kuniko Sunami Noboru Yamamoto Takashi kohno Department of Genetic Medicine and Services National Cancer Center HospitalTokyo 104-0045Japan Department of Diagnostic Pathology National Cancer Center HospitalTokyo 104-0045Japan Clinical Research Support Offce Clinical Research Coordinating SectionBiobank Translational Research Support SectionNational Cancer Center HospitalTokyo 104-0045Japan Department of Pathology and Clinical Laboratories National Cancer Center Hospital EastChiba 277-8577Japan Division of Molecular Pharmacology National Cancer Center Research InstituteTokyo 104-0045Japan National Cancer Center Research Institute Tokyo 104-0045Japan Department of Laboratory Medicine National Cancer Center HospitalTokyo 104-0045Japan Department of Experimental Therapeutics National Cancer Center HospitalTokyo 104-0045Japan Division of Genome Biology National Cancer Center Research InstituteTokyo 104-0045Japan

The journey to implement cancer genomic medicine(CGM)in oncology practice began in the 1980s,which is considered the dawn of genetic and genomic cancer *** the time,a variety of activating oncogenic alterations and their functional significance were unveiled in cancer cells,which led to the development of molecular targeted therapies in the 2000s and *** CGM is still a relatively new discipline and it is difficult to predict to what extent CGM will benefit the diverse pool of cancer patients,the National Cancer Center(NCC)of Japan has already contributed considerably to CGM advancement for the conquest of *** back at these past achievements of the NCC,we predict that the future of CGM will involve the following:1)A biobank of paired cancerous and non-cancerous tissues and cells from various cancer types and stages will be *** quantity and quality of these samples will be compatible with omics *** biobank samples will be linked to longitudinal clinical information.2)New technologies,such as whole-genome sequencing and artificial intelligence,will be introduced and new bioresources for functional and pharmacologic analyses(e.g.,a patient-derived xenograft library)will be systematically deployed.3)Fast and bidirectional translational research(bench-to-bedside and bedside-to-bench)performed by basic researchers and clinical investigators,preferably working alongside each other at the same institution,will be implemented;4)Close collaborations between academia,industry,regulatory bodies,and funding agencies will be established.5)There will be an investment in the other branch of CGM,personalized preventive medicine,based on the individual's genetic predisposition to cancer.

关键词： Cancer genomic medicine biobank patient-derived xenograft multi-gene panel test whole genome sequencing

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Genomic medicine in clinical practice:national genomic medicine program in Japan

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Cancer Biology & Medicine 2024年第1期21卷 4-9页

Cancer statistics in Japan Cancer is the most common cause of death in Japan based on Statistics 2021~*** statistics were first gathered,infectious diseases,such as tuberculosis,and cerebrovascular disease have been the main causes of death in *** surpassed cerebrovascular disease as the main cause of death in 1981,and the number of cancer deaths has *** 38,000 people died of cancer in *** National Cancer Center(NCC)reported that the 5-year survival rate for patients with cancer was improving(62%for males and 66.9%for females)in a population-based cancer registry.

关键词： Cancer cancer death

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Forecasting tropical cyclone coastal and marine hazards and impacts

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TROPICAL CYCLONE RESEARCH AND REVIEW 2024年第1期13卷 1-14页

作者： kohno, Nadao Fritz, Cody Sharma, Monica Berg, Robbie Greenslade, Diana Telford, Devon Rabitu, Sakeasi Mohapatra, M. Uson, Maria Cristina C. Japan Meteorol Agcy Tokyo Japan Natl Hurricane Ctr Miami FL USA Indian Meteorol Dept New Delhi India Bur Meteorol Melbourne Australia Environm & Climate Change Canada Quebec City PQ Canada Fiji Meteorol Serv Nadi Fiji Philippine Atmospher Geophys & Astron Serv Adm Quezon City Philippines

The report highlights the significant progress over various regions with respect to understanding of coastal hazards, numerical modeling techniques and the generation & dissemination of coastal hazard warnings and products. The developments over various regions in the globe during 2014-18 have been discussed in this report as presented during 10th Session of International Workshop on Tropical Cyclones (IWTC-X) at Bali, Indonesia. More specifically, various regions have started to confront the uncertainty that cannot be removed from TC analyses and forecasts and further communicate those hazards within the context of risk [probabilistic] based information. Progress also includes impact-based forecasts such as communicating coastal inundation information relative to total water level instead of storm surge, specifically (i.e., anomaly from astronomical tide and waves). Lastly, updates to model grid configuration, model resolution, and coupled dynamical systems continue to resolve the costal hazards more effectively. Those approaches have likely helped reduce loss of life relative to historical standards. However, regions agree that the generation and dissemination of coastal hazard information still need to be improved in view of growing population along the coast and thus increased exposure of life to coastal hazard. (c) 2024 The Shanghai Typhoon Institute of China Meteorological Administration. Publishing services by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of KeAi Communication Co. Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://***/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

关键词： Coastal inundation Storm surge Probabilistic forecast STORM-SURGE UNITED-STATES EAST-COAST INUNDATION BAY CANADA BENGAL MODEL

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High-grade pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia diagnosed based on changes in magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography findings:A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第8期12卷 1487-1496页

作者： Nao Furuya Atsushi Yamaguchi Naohiro Kato Syuhei Sugata Takuro Hamada Takeshi Mizumoto Yuzuru Tamaru Ryusaku Kusunoki Toshio Kuwai Hirotaka Kouno Kazuya Kuraoka Yoshiyuki Shibata Sho Tazuma Takeshi Sudo Hiroshi kohno Shiro Oka Department of Gastroenterology National Hospital Organization Kure Medical Center and Chugoku Cancer CenterKure 737-0023HiroshimaJapan Department of Gastroenterology Hiroshima University HospitalHiroshima 734-8551HiroshimaJapan Department of Pathology National Hospital Organization Kure Medical Center and Chugoku Cancer CenterKure 737-0023HiroshimaJapan Department of Surgery National Hospital Organization Kure Medical Center and Chugoku Cancer CenterKure 737-0023HiroshimaJapan

BACKGROUND High-grade pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia(PanIN)exhibits no mass and is not detected by any examination ***,it can be diagnosed by pancreatic juice cytology from indirect *** previous cases were diagnosed based on findings of a focal stricture of the main pancreatic duct(MPD)and caudal MPD dilatation and subsequent pancreatic juice cytology using endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP).We experienced a case of high-grade PanIN with an unclear MPD over a 20-mm range,but without caudal MPD dilatation on magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography(MRCP).CASE SUMMARY A 60-year-old female patient underwent computed tomography for a follow-up of uterine cancer post-excision,which revealed pancreatic *** revealed an unclear MPD of the pancreatic body at a 20-mm length without caudal MPD ***,course observation was *** 24 mo,MRCP revealed an increased caudal MPD caliber and a larger pancreatic *** performed ERCP and detected atypical cells suspected of adenocarcinoma by serial pancreatic juice aspiration cytology *** performed a distal pancreatectomy and obtained a histopathological diagnosis of high-grade *** parenchyma invasion was not observed,and curative resection was *** High-grade Pan-IN may cause MPD narrowing in a long range without caudal MPD dilatation.

关键词： Pancreatic cancer Pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasm High-grade pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasm Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography Carcinoma in situ Case report

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Salinity status of the 2011 Tohoku-oki tsunami affected agricultural lands in northeast Japan

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2014年第2期2卷 40-50页

作者： Kingshuk Roy Katsuhiro Sasada Eiichi kohno College of Bioresource Sciences Nihon UniversityJapan

As Japan has abundant annual rainfall(1,000 to 2,500 mm),soil salinity of agricultural lands has rarely been a major *** the 2011 earthquake in the Pacific,large stretches of land along the coast in northeast Japan were devastated by a powerful *** damage of agricultural lands was so severe that agricultural crops could not be grown on large parts of the tsunami-inundated farmlands even two years after the *** paper summarizes the status of agricultural lands in northeast Japan’s Tohoku region that were affected by the *** paper presents the results of a field study of agricultural lands in Miyagi Prefecture,where the extent of the seawater damage was the most severe,representing 67%of the total tsunami-affected agricultural *** samples from surface and underlying(undisturbed)soil were collected from 30 different locations in coastal and tsunami-inundated farmlands and from inland sites located beyond the limit of the tsunami *** analyses and measurements showed that the extent of soil salinity varied greatly across these sites,with the highest electrical conductivity(EC)value of 3.72 dS m^(-1) found in the surface soil of Minamisanriku *** addition,two study sites adjacent to each other,Watari cho and Yamamoto cho,had maximum and minimum EC values of 2.0 dS m^(-1) and 0.21 dS m^(-1),respectively,in their underlying soils.A comparison of the major soil properties revealed that the salinity status of the tsunami-inundated farmlands was dependent on particle size distribution and therefore on the infiltration rate of the soil,as well as the relative physical position(elevation)of the *** study led us to carry out further investigations and experiments(still on-going)related to restoration and mitigation work in the tsunami-inundated agricultural lands,giving the highest priority to the major soil properties of different field sites in Miyagi Prefecture.

关键词： Agricultural land Salinity Soil properties Tsunami Northeast Japan

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Gastric mixed adenoma-neuroendocrine tumor:A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2020年第22期8卷 5744-5750页

作者： Shuzo kohno Hiroaki Aoki Masayuki Kato Masaich Ogawa Kazuhiko Yoshida Department of Surgery The Jikei University Katsushika Medical CenterTokyo 125-8506Katsushika-kuJapan Department of Endoscopy The Jikei University Katsushika Medical CenterTokyo 125-8506Katsushika-kuJapan

BACKGROUND Gastric mixed adenoma-neuroendocrine tumors(NETs)are quite *** the 2019 world health organization classification of tumors of the digestive system,these were designated as a combination of grade 1 or grade 2 NETs and adenomas or tubular *** are no treatment guidelines for these tumors,and pathological and clinical studies are ***,we review previous case reports and present a case of gastric mixed *** SUMMARY A 66-year-old man underwent gastrointestinal endoscopy for the evaluation of upper abdominal *** examination of the biopsy specimen indicated the possibility of gastric cancer.A histopathological examination by endoscopic submucosal dissection showed a mixed adenoma-NET that was completely excised by endoscopic submucosal *** recurrence was observed on gastrointestinal endoscopy at the 6-mo *** Clinicians'awareness of this rare tumor is important for its timely diagnosis and treatment.

关键词： Adenoma Neuroendocrine tumor Diagnosis Pathology Stomach treatment Case report

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Impact of continuous positive airway pressure therapy for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in patients with obstructive sleep apnea

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2021年第19期9卷 5112-5125页

作者： Haruka Hirono Kazuhiko Watanabe Katsuhiko Hasegawa Masaki kohno Shuji Terai Shogo Ohkoshi Department of Internal Medicine The Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at NiigataNiigata 951-8580Japan The Center for Dental Sleep Medicine The Nippon Dental University Niigata HospitalNiigata 951-8580Japan Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesNiigata UniversityNiigata 951-8510Japan

BACKGROUND Obstructive sleep apnea(OSA)has been suggested as an independent risk factor for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD),and continuous positive airway pressure(CPAP)is the first-line therapy for *** To clarify the efficacy of effective CPAP therapy on NAFLD of OSA patients by serum markers and transient elastography(TE)using FibroScan®(Echosens,Paris,France).METHODS We prospectively enrolled 123 consecutive patients with OSA who met the indications for *** fibrosis and steatosis were assessed using *** and after 6 mo of CPAP therapy,serum markers and TE were assessed for all *** mean usage rate of CPAP therapy for 6 mo was arbitrarily calculated in each patient and expressed as“mean compliance index”(m-CI).RESULTS In 50 OSA patients with NAFLD,both aspartate aminotransferase(AST)and alanine aminotransferase(ALT)levels were significantly decreased after 6 mo of CPAP *** analysis showed that decreased body weight(BW),decreased body mass index(BMI),decreased AST level,decreased hemoglobin A1c,and high m-CI were significantly related with improved ALT *** multivariate regression model adjusted for quantities of BW change during 6 mo of CPAP therapy,high m-CI tended to improve ALT level(P=0.051).All 17 OSA patients with NAFLD,high m-CI and no BMI changes showed significant improvements in AST and ALT ***,no significant changes in TE data or serum fibrosis markers were *** Some NAFLD could be associated with chronic intermittent hypoxia due to OSA independent of BW *** those cases,adequate reoxygenation from effective CPAP therapy may improve NAFLD.

关键词： Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease Obstructive sleep apnea Continuous positive airway pressure Chronic intermittent hypoxia Transient elastography

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Three-dimensional imaging identified the accessory bile duct in a patient with cholangiocarcinoma

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第32期20卷 11451-11455页

作者： Ryoichi Miyamoto Yukio Oshiro Shinji Hashimoto Keisuke kohno Kiyoshi Fukunaga Tatsuya Oda Nobuhiro Ohkohchi Division of Gastroenterological and Hepatobiliary Surgery and Organ Transplantation Department of Surgery University of Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-8575 Japan

The development of diagnostic imaging technology, such as multidetector computed tomography(MDCT) and magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography(MRCP), has made it possible to obtain detailed images of the bile duct. Recent reports have indicated that a 3-dimensional(3D) reconstructed imaging system would be useful for understanding the liver anatomy before surgery. We have investigated a novel method that fuses MDCT and MRCP images. This novel system easily made it possible to detect the anatomical relationship between the vessels and bile duct in the portal hepatis. In this report, we describe a very rare case of extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma associated with an accessory bile duct from the caudate lobe connecting with the intrapancreatic bile duct. We were unable to preoperatively detect this accessory bile duct using MDCT and MRCP. However, prior to the second operation, we were able to clearly visualise the injured accessory bile duct using our novel 3D imaging modality. In thisreport, we suggest that this imaging technique can be considered a novel and useful modality for understanding the anatomy of the portal hepatis, including the hilar bile duct.

关键词： 3-dimensional imaging Hepatobiliary and pancreatic surgery Accessory bile duct Caudate lobe bile duct Cholangiocarcinoma

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Preconditioned Iterative Method for Regular Splitting

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Advances in Pure Mathematics 2017年第2期7卷 180-187页

作者： Toshiyuki kohno Department of Information Science Okayama University of Science Okayama Japan

Several preconditioners are proposed for improving the convergence rate of the iterative method derived from splitting. In this paper, the comparison theorem of preconditioned iterative method for regular splitting is proved. And the convergence and comparison theorem for any preconditioner are indicated. This comparison theorem indicates the possibility of finding new preconditioner and splitting. The purpose of this paper is to show that the preconditioned iterative method yields a new splitting satisfying the regular or weak regular splitting. And new combination preconditioners are proposed. In order to denote the validity of the comparison theorem, some numerical examples are shown.

关键词： Iterative Method Splitting Preconditioner M-Matrix

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