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Assessment of cerebral oxygenation response to hemodialysis using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS):Challenges and solutions

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Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences 2021年第6期4卷 55-70页

作者： Ardy Wong Lucy robinson Seena Soroush Aditi Suresh Dia Yang Kelechi Madu Meera N.Harhay Kambiz Pourrezaei Drexel University School of Bioengineering Philadelphia Pennsylvania Department of Epidemiology&Biostatistics Drexel University Dornsife School of Public Health Philadelphia Pennsylvania Drexel University College of Arts and Sciences Philadelphia Pennsylvania Department of Medicine Drexel University College of Medicine Philadelphia Pennsylvania Tower Health Transplant Institute Tower Health System West Reading Pennsylvania

To date,the clinical use of functional near-infrared spectroscopy(NIRS)to detect cerebral ischemia has been largely limited to surgical settings,where motion artifacts are *** this study,we present novel techniques to address the challenges of using NIRS to monitor ambu-latory patients with kidney disease during approximately eight hours of hemodialysis(HD)*** with end-stage kidney disease who require HD are at higher risk for cognitive impairment and dementia than age-matched *** studies have suggested that HD-related declines in cerebral blood flow might explain some of the adverse outcomes of HD ***,there are currently no established paradigms for monitoring cerebral per-fusion in real-time during HD *** this study,we used NIRS to assess cerebral hemo-dynamic responses among 95 prevalent HD patients during two consecutive HD *** observed substantial signal attenuation in our predominantly Black patient cohort that required probe *** also observed consistent motion artifacts that we addressed by devel-oping a novel NIRS methodology,called the HD cerebral oxygen demand algorithm(HD-CODA),to identify episodes when cerebral oxygen demand might be outpacing supply during HD *** then examined the association between a summary measure of time spent in cerebral deoxygenation,derived using the HD-CODA,and hemodynamic and treatment-related *** found that this summary measure was associated with intradialytic mean arterial pressure,heart rate,and volume *** studies should use the HD-CODA to implement studies of real-time NIRS monitoring for incident dialysis patients,over longer time frames,and in other dialysis modalities.

关键词： Motion artifact removal cerebral oxygenation end-stage kidney disease near-infrared spectroscopy

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Current and future applications of in vitro magnetic resonance spectroscopy in hepatobiliary disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第30期12卷 4773-4783页

作者： I Jane Cox Amar Sharif Jeremy FL Cobbold Howard C Thomas Simon D Taylor-robinson Imaging Sciences Department Division of Clinical Sciences Imperial College London Hammersmith Hospital Campus Du Cane Road London W12 OHS United Kingdom Department of Medicine Division of Medi-cine Imperial College London St Mary's Campus London W2 United Kingdom

Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy allows the study of cellular biochemistry and metabolism, both in the whole body in vivo and at higher magnetic field strengths in vitro. Since the technique is non-invasive and non-selective, magnetic resonance spectroscopy methodologies have been widely applied in biochemistry and medicine. In vitro magnetic resonance spectroscopy studies of cells, body fluids and tissues have been used in medical biochemistry to investigate pathophysiologi- cal processes and more recently, the technique has been used by physicians to determine disease abnormalities in vivo. This highlighted topic illustrates the potential of in vitro magnetic resonance spectroscopy in studying the hepatobiliary system. The role of in vitro proton and phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy in the study of malignant and non-malignant liver disease and bile composition studies are discussed, particularly with reference to correlative in vivo whole-body magnetic resonance spectroscopy applications. In summary, magnetic resonance spectroscopy techniques can provide non-invasive biochemical information on disease severity and pointers to underlying pathophysiological processes. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy holds potential promise as a screening tool for disease biomarkers, as well as assessing therapeutic response.

关键词： Magnetic resonance spectroscopy Liver Hepatobiliary disease Membrane metabolism

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Analyzing Tests for Curriculum and Materials Development

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Sino-US English Teaching 2011年第10期8卷 613-621页

作者： Mark robinson Shantou University Shantou China

ELP （English Language Proficiency） testing is both time-consuming and wasteful if the texts are used merely as tools for assessment. CDA （Critical Discourse Analysis） is an approach that allows for text, processing and social analyses. This paper focuses on the problem-solution discourse pattern in a text selected from the responses of 86 Chinese law school freshmen to a writing test prompt that addressed problems with learning English. The text was compared and contrasted with the response of the same subject as a senior to the identical prompt. The objectives of the CDA were to investigate what constraints were placed on contents, relations and subjects in terms of discourse and to describe, interpret and explain formal features that function to elicit experiential, relational and expressive values simultaneously in the texts. Further analyses of such texts may contribute to ESP （English for Specific Purposes） curriculum and materials development for non-English majors

关键词： CDA (Critical Discourse Analysis) ESP (English for Specific Purposes) ELP (English Language Proficiency) problem-solution pattern

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PC Based Optical Salinity Sensor for Different Temperatures

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Photonic Sensors 2012年第2期2卷 187-192页

作者： Savarimuthu robinson Rangaswamy NAKKEERAN Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Pondicherry Engineering College Puducherry-605 014India

Abstract： The homogeneous, intensity modulated salinity sensor using the photonic crystal ring resonator （PCRR） is proposed and designed for monitoring the salinity of the seawater from 0% to 100% （0 g/L to 100 g/L） at 25℃. The concentration of the salinity in the seawater changes the refractive index of the seawater. The change in the refractive index of the seawater brings the change in the output signal intensity of the sensor as the output power and mapping the salinity level, the seawater flows inside the sensor. By detecting the salinity can be evaluated. The proposed sensor is composed of periodic Si rods embedded in an air host with a circular PCRR placed between the inline quasi waveguides. Approximately, 2.69% of output power reduction is observed for every 5% （5 g/L） increase in the salinity as the seawater has a unique refractive index for each salt level. With this underlying principle, the performance of the sensor is analyzed for different temperatures.

关键词： Optical sensor salinity measurement photonic crystal refractive index

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Can Chinese Medicine Be Used for Prevention of Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)? A Review of Historical Classics, Research Evidence and Current Prevention Programs

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2020年第4期26卷 243-250页

作者： LUO Hui TANG Qiao-ling SHANG Ya-xi LIANG Shi-bing YANG Ming Nicola robinson LIU Jian-ping Institute for Tibetan Medicine China Tibetology Research CenterBeijing(100101)China Centre for Evidence-Based Chinese Medicine Beijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijing(100029)China School of Traditional Chinese Medicine Beijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijing(100029)China School of Health and Social Care London South Bank Un iversityLon don(SE10AA)UK In stitute of Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhou(510120)China

Objective:Since December 2019,an outbreak of corona virus disease 2019(COVID-19)occurred in Wuhan,and rapidly spread to almost all parts of *** was followed by prevention programs recommending Chinese medicine(CM)for the *** order to provide evidenee for CM recommendations,we reviewed ancient classics and human ***:Historical records on prevention and treatment of infections in CM classics,clinical evidence of CM on the prevention of severe acute respiratory syndrome(SARS)and H1N1 in flue nza,and CM preve ntion programs issued by health authorities in China since the COVID-19 outbreak were retrieved from differe nt databases and websites till 12 February,*** evide nee in eluded data from clinical trials,cohort or other population studies using CM for preventing contagious respiratory virus ***:The use of CM to prevent epidemics of infectious diseases was traced back to ancient Chinese practice cited in Huangdi's Internal Classic(Huang Di Nei Jing)where preventive effects were *** were 3 studies using CM for prevention of SARS and 4 studies for H1N1 *** of the participants who took CM contracted SARS in the 3 *** infection rate of H1N1 in flue nza in the CM group was significantly lower than the non-CM group(relative risk 0.36,95%confidence interval 0.24-0.52;n=4).For prevention of COVID-19,23 provinces in China issued CM *** main principles of CM use were to tonify qi to protect from external pathoge ns,disperse wind and discharge heat,and resolve damp *** most frequently used herbs in eluded Radix astragali(Huangqi),Radix glycyrrhizae(Gancao),Radix saposhnikoviae(Fangfeng),Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae(Baizhu),Lonicerae Japonicae Flos(Jinyinhua),and Fructus forsythia(Lianqiao).Conclusions:Based on historical records and human evidenee of SARS and H1N1 influenza prevention,Chinese herbal formula could be an alternative approach for prevention of COVID-19 in high-risk

关键词： Chinese medicine corona virus disease 2019(COVID-19) prevention program clinical evidence review

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Impact of androgen deprivation therapy on sexua function： a response

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2012年第5期14卷 793-794页

作者： Erik Wibowo Richard Wassersug Karen Warkentin Lauren Walker John robinson Lori Brotto Thomas Johnson Department of Anatomy&Neurobiology Dalhousie UniversityHalifaxNS B3H 4R2Canada Men's Health Initiative of B.C. Department of Urologic SciencesUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBC V5Z 1M9Canada Department of Biology Boston UniversityBostonMA 02215USA Department of Psychology University of CalgaryCalgaryAB T2N 1N4Canada Department of Psychosocial Resources Tom Baker Cancer CentreCalgaryAB T2S 3C1Canada UBC Sexual Health Lab Gordon&Leslie Diamond Health Care CentreDepartment of Obstetrics/GynecologyDivision of Gynecologic OncologyVancouverBC V5Z 1M9Canada Department of Anthropology California State UniversityFultonCA 95439-0050USA

Dear Editors, We appreciate the growing patients and survivors. Mazzola interest in sexual health for cancer and Mulhall＇s recent paper,a however, creates the impression that rewarding sex is not possible for prostate cancer patients on androgen deprivation therapy （ADT）. This impression, we believe, is not scientifically justified,

关键词： androgen therapy estosterone

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Nano-Graphene Oxide for Cellular Imaging and Drug Delivery

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Nano Research 2008年第3期1卷 203-212页

作者： Xiaoming Sun Zhuang Liu Kevin Welsher Joshua Tucker robinson Andrew Goodwin Sasa Zaric Hongjie Dai Department of Chemistry and Laboratory for Advanced Materials Stanford UniversityStanfordCA 94305USA

Two-dimensional graphene offers interesting electronic,thermal,and mechanical properties that are currently being explored for advanced electronics,membranes,and *** we synthesize and explore the biological applications of nano-graphene oxide(NGO),i.e.,single-layer graphene oxide sheets down to a few nanometers in lateral *** develop functionalization chemistry in order to impart solubility and compatibility of NGO in biological *** obtain size separated pegylated NGO sheets that are soluble in buffers and serum without *** NGO sheets are found to be photoluminescent in the visible and infrared *** intrinsic photoluminescence(PL)of NGO is used for live cell imaging in the near-infrared(NIR)with little *** found that simple physisorption viaπ-stacking can be used for loading doxorubicin,a widely used cancer drug onto NGO functionalized with antibody for selective killing of cancer cells in *** to its small size,intrinsic optical properties,large specifi c surface area,low cost,and useful non-covalent interactions with aromatic drug molecules,NGO is a promising new material for biological and medical applications.

关键词： Graphene oxide pegylation size separation cellular imaging drug delivery

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基于压缩薄膜效应的混凝土桥面板承载力算法

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哈尔滨工业大学学报 2010年第4期42卷 644-651页

作者：郑愚 Su.E.Taylor Des.robinson 英国贝尔法斯特女王大学建筑规划与土木工程学院东莞理工学院建筑工程系广东东莞523808

为研究混凝土桥梁面板的真实承载能力,结合混凝土板内的压缩薄膜效应对结构进分析.通过结构试验的方法分析了一套典型的钢混桥梁结构,试验过程中对配筋率、支撑梁尺寸和混凝土强度进行调整并分析其对承载能力的影响.结果表明,由于压缩... 详细信息

为研究混凝土桥梁面板的真实承载能力,结合混凝土板内的压缩薄膜效应对结构进分析.通过结构试验的方法分析了一套典型的钢混桥梁结构,试验过程中对配筋率、支撑梁尺寸和混凝土强度进行调整并分析其对承载能力的影响.结果表明,由于压缩薄膜效应的作用,结构的真实承载能力大于现行设计方法的计算结果.根据过去的研究,基于塑性极限理论,建立一套考虑压缩薄膜效应的混凝土桥梁面板的承载力计算方法.在该方法中,对混凝土桥梁面板所承受的侧向约束刚度进行定义.通过与多桥梁面板的试验结果进行对比后发现,该理论模型能够准确地计算出此结构类型的承载能力.

关键词：混凝土桥面板极限承载力算法压缩薄膜效应弯曲冲切受剪冲切

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The Discovery of Diamonds in Chromitites of the Hegenshan Ophiolite,Inner Mongolia,China

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2015年第2期89卷 341-350页

作者： HUANG Zhu YANG Jingsui Paul T.robinson ZHU Yongwang XIONG Fahui LIU Zhao ZHANG Zhongming XU Wei CARMA State Key Laboratory of Continental Tectonics and DynamicsInstitute of GeologyChinese Academy of Geological Sciences China University of Geosciences Inner Mongolia No.9 Geology Mineral Exploration and Development Institute Institute of Mineral Resources Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences 101 Geological Team of Sichuan Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources

Diamond, moissanite and a variety of other minerals, similar to those reported from ophiolites in Tibet and northern Russia, have recently been discovered in chromitites of the Hegenshan ophiolite of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt, north China. The chromitites are small, podiform and vein-like bodies hosted in dunite, clinopyroxene-bearing peridotite, troctolite and gabbro. All of the analysed chromite grains are relatively Al-rich, with Cr^# [100Cr/（Cr＋Al）] of about 47-53. Preliminary studies of mainly disseminated chromitite from ore body No. 3756 have identified more than 30 mineral species in addition to diamond and moissanite. These include oxides （mostly hematite, magnetite, ruffle, anatase, cassiterite, and quartz）, sulfides （pyrite, marcasite and others）, silicates （magnesian olivine, enstatite, augite, diopside, uvarovite, pyrope, orthoclase, zircon, sphene, vesuvianite, chlorite and serpentine） and others （e.g., calcite, monazite, glauberite, iowaite and a range of metallic alloys）. This study demonstrates that diamond, moissanite and other exotic minerals can occur in high-Al, as well as high-Cr chromites, and significantly extends the geographic and age range of known diamond-bearing ophiolites.

关键词： diamond moissanite deep mantle minerals chromitites Hegenshan ophiolite InnerMongolia

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Diamonds and Other Exotic Minerals Recovered from Peridotites of the Dangqiong Ophiolite, Western Yarlung-Zangbo Suture Zone, Tibet

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2016年第2期90卷 425-439页

作者： XIONG Fahui YANG Jingsui robinson Paul T. XU Xiangzhen BA Dengzhu LI Yuan ZHANG Zhongming RONG He CARMA State Key Laboratory for Continental Tectonics and Dynamics Institute of Geology Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences

Various combinations of diamond, moissanite, zircon, quartz, corundum, rutile, titanite, almandine garnet, kyanite, and andalusite have been recovered from the Dangqiong peridotites. More than 80 grains of diamond have been recovered, most of which are pale yellow to reddish-orange to colorless. The grains are all 100-200 μm in size and mostly anhedral, but with a range of morphologies including elongated, octahedral and subhedral varieties. Their identification was confirmed by a characteristic shift in the Raman spectra between 1325 cm^-1 and 1333 cm^-1, mostly at 1331.51 cm^-1 or 1326.96 cm^-1. Integration of the mineralogical, petrological and geochemical data for the Dongqiong peridotites suggests a multi-stage formation for this body and similar ophiolites in the Yarlung-Zangbo suture zone. Chromian spinel grains and perhaps small bodies of chromitite crystallized at various depths in the upper mantle, and encapsulated the UHP, highly reduced and crustal minerals. Some oceanic crustal slabs containing the chromian spinel and their inclusion were later trapped in suprasubduction zones（SSZ）, where they were modified by island arc tholeiitic and boninitic magmas, thus changing the chromian spinel compositions and depositing chromitite ores in melt channels.

关键词： diamond Multi-stage formation Dangqiong ophiolite Yarlung-Zangbo suture zone

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