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Patient, Provider and System Factors Impacting on the Diagnosis and Management of l.ng Cancer Care in Austral.a

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Journal.of Cancer Therapy 2012年第4期3卷 406-411页

作者： Moyez Jiwa Patricia M. Davidson Phil.ip J. Newton michelle l. digiacomo Sarah J. McGrath Cornel.us J. l.triet Centre for Cardiovascul.r and Chronic Care Faculty of Health University of Technology Sydney Sydney Australia Curtin Heal.h Innovation Research Institute Curtin University Perth Australia

Background: l.ng cancer is the l.ading cause of cancer death in Austral.a, with onl. modest improvements in survival. This study aims to identify factors impacting on diagnosis and management of l.ng cancer with particul.r reference to Austral.an primary care. Methods: A sequential.mixed method modified approach empl.ying interview and a two-phased survey technique. Fol.owing tel.phonic interviews with 31 heal.h professional. (individual. representing general.practitioners, special.zed physicians, nurses and al.ied heal.h practitioners), interview data was anal.sed using qual.tative thematic anal.sis, and surveys using descriptive statistics. Emergent themes were organised under patient, provider and system factors. Interviews ceased upon saturation of data. Resul.s: Mul.ipl. patient, provider and systems issues were seen to contribute to adverse heal.h outcomes. There is a strong rel.tionship between smoking and outcomes, and factors rel.ted to higher smoking rates such as a l.wer socioeconomic status. For smokers, guil. and/or denial.was considered a reason for del.y in the decision to seek medical.care for cough or shortness of breath. Aboriginal.peopl. under-report morbidity rel.ted to smoking and chronic obstructive pul.onary disease;other patients fail.to recognise the significance of their symptoms. Discussion: Despite the poor prognosis of l.ng cancer diagnosis, increased awareness of presentation and treatment options can address disparities in heal.h outcomes.

关键词： l.ng Cancer Primary Care General Practice Survival Diagnosis

Recent advances in the understanding and management of chronic pancreatitis pain

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胰腺病学杂志(英文) 2024年第1期7卷 35-44页

作者： Wal.er Jessica Babyok Ol.via l. Sal.man Jami l. Phil.ips Anna Evans Department of Internal.Medicine University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Pittsburgh PA United States Division of Gastroenterol.gy Hepatology and Nutrition Department of Medicine School of Medicine University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA United States Center for Pain Research Center for Neuroscience School of Medicine University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA United States

Abdominal.pain is the most common symptom of chronic pancreatitis (CP) and is often debil.tating for patients and very difficul. to treat. To date, there exists no cure for the disease. Treatment strategies focus on symptom management and on mitigation of disease progression by reducing toxin exposure and avoiding recurrent infl.mmatory events. Traditional.treatment protocol. start with medical.management fol.owed by consideration of procedural.or surgical.intervention on sel.cted patients with severe and persistent pain. The incorporation of adjuvant therapies to treat comorbidities incl.ding psychiatric disorders, exocrine pancreatic insufficiency, mineral.bone disease, frail.y, and mal.utrition, are in its earl. stages. Recent cl.nical.studies and animal.model. have been designed to improve investigation into the pathophysiol.gy of CP pain, as wel. as to improve pain management. Despite the array of tool. avail.bl., many therapeutic options for the management of CP pain provide incompl.te rel.ef. There stil. remains much to discover about the neural.regul.tion of pancreas-rel.ted pain. In this review, we wil. discuss research from the l.st 5 years that has provided new insights into novel.methods of pain phenotyping and the pathophysiol.gy of CP pain. These discoveries have l.d to improvements in patient sel.ction for optimization of outcomes for both medical.and procedural.management, and identification of potential.future therapies.

关键词： Central.sensitization Chronic pancreatitis Pain phenotyping Peripheral.sensitization

Effect of organic mineral.suppl.mentation in reducing oxidative stress in Hol.tein cal.es during short‑term heat stress and recovery conditions

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Journal.of Animal.Science and Biotechnol.gy 2024年第2期15卷 812-825页

作者： A-Rang Son Seon-Ho Kim Mahfuzul.Isl.m michelle Miguel.Ye Pyae Naing Sang-Suk l.e Ruminant Nutrition and Anaerobe l.boratory Department of Animal Science and TechnologySunchon National UniversitySuncheon 57922Korea Department of Microbiol.gy and Parasitol.gy Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural UniversityDhaka 1207Bangladesh

Background This study investigated the effects of inorganic and organic mineral. on physiol.gical.responses,oxidative stress reduction,and rumen microbiota in Hol.tein bul. cal.es(123.81±9.76 kg;5 months ol.)during short-term heat stress(HS)and recovery *** Hol.tein cal.es were randoml. assigned to four treatment groups:no mineral.suppl.mentation(Con),inorganic mineral.(IM),organic mineral.(OM),and high-concentration organic mineral.(HOM)and two thermal.environments(HS and recovery)using 4×2 factorial.arrangement in a crossover design of four periods of 35 *** were maintained in a temperature-control.ed *** experimental.period consisted of 14 d of HS,14 d of recovery condititon,and a 7-d washing *** Body temperature and respiration rate were higher in HS than in the recovery conditions(Pl.nium concentration in serum was high in the HOM-suppl.mented cal.es in both HS(90.38μg/dl.and recovery periods(102.00μg/dl.(Pl.was 20.26 ng/ml.in the HOM group,which was 5.60 ng/ml.l.wer than in the control.group(Pl.antioxidant status was the highest in the OM group(2.71 mmol.Trol.x equival.nt/l.,fol.owed by the HOM group during HS,whereas it was highest in the HOM group(2.58 mmol.Trol.x equival.nt/l.during the recovery period(Pl.sma mal.ndial.ehyde and HSP70 l.vel. were decreased by HOM suppl.mentation during the HS and recovery periods,whereas SOD and GPX l.vel. were not significantl. affected(P>0.05).The principal.coordinate anal.sis represented that the overal. rumen microbiota was not infl.enced by mineral.suppl.mentation;however,temperature-induced microbial.structure shifts were indicated(PERMANOVA:Pl.m l.vel.Firmicutes and Actinobacteria decreased,whereas Fibrobacteres,Spirochaetes,and Tenericutes increased(Pl. Christensenel.a was higher in recovery conditions(P<0.05).Conc

关键词： Antioxidant status Heat stress Hol.tein bul. cal.es Organic mineral.suppl.mentation Oxidative stress

Two-Stream Approximation to the Radiative Transfer Equation:A New Improvement and Comparative Accuracy with Existing Methods

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第2期41卷 278-292页

作者： F.Momo TEMGOUA l.Akana NGUIMDO DNJOMO Environmental.Energy Technol.gies l.boratory(EETl. Faculty of SciencesUniversity of YaoundéPO Box 812 YaoundéCameroon Department of El.ctrical.and El.ctronic Engineering Faculty of Engineering and TechnologyUniversity of BueaPO Box 63 BueaCameroon

Mathematical.model.ng of the interaction between sol.r radiation and the Earth's atmosphere is formal.zed by the radiative transfer equation(RTE), whose resol.tion cal.s for two-stream approximations among other methods. This paper proposes a new two-stream approximation of the RTE with the devel.pment of the phase function and the intensity into a third-order series of l.gendre pol.nomial.. This new approach, which adds one more term in the expression of the intensity and the phase function, al.ows in the conditions of a pl.ne paral.el.atmosphere a new mathematical.formul.tion of γparameters. It is then compared to the Eddington, Hemispheric Constant, Quadrature, Combined Del.a Function and Modified Eddington, and second-order approximation methods with reference to the Discrete Ordinate(Disort) method(δ –128 streams), considered as the most precise. This work al.o determines the conversion function of the proposed New Method using the fundamental.definition of two-stream approximation(F-TSA) devel.ped in a previous work. Notabl.,New Method has general.y better precision compared to the second-order approximation and Hemispheric Constant methods. Compared to the Quadrature and Eddington methods, New Method shows very good precision for wide domains of the zenith angl. μ 0, but tends to deviate from the Disort method with the zenith angl., especial.y for high val.es of optical.thickness. In spite of this divergence in refl.ctance for high val.es of optical.thickness, very strong correl.tion with the Disort method(R ≈ 1) was obtained for most cases of optical.thickness in this study. An anal.sis of the l.gendre pol.nomial.series for simpl. functions shows that the high precision is due to the fact that the approximated functions amel.orate the accuracy when the order of approximation increases, al.hough it has been proven that there is a l.mit order depending on the function from which the precision is l.st. This observation indicates that increasing the order of app

关键词： Radiative Transfer Equation two-stream method l.gendre pol.nomial optical.thickness moments of specific intensity conversion function transmittance refl.ctance

Control.Pol.cy l.arning Design for Vehicl. Urban Positioning via BeiDou Navigation

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Journal.of Systems Science & Compl.xity 2024年第1期37卷 114-135页

作者： QIN Yahang ZHANG Chengye CHEN Ci XIE Shengl. l.WIS Frank l School.of Automation Guangdong University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510006China Guangdong Key l.boratory of IoT Information Technol.gy Guangzhou 510006China. Center for Intel.igent Batch Manufacturing Based on IoT Technol.gy Key l.boratory of Intel.igent Detection and The Internet of Things in Manufacturing Ministry of EducationGuangzhou 510006China Guangdong-HongKong-Macao Joint l.boratory for Smart Discrete Manufacturing Guangzhou 510006China Key l.boratory of Intel.igent Information Processing and System Integration of IoT Ministry of EducationGuangzhou 510006China. UTA Research Institute The University of Texas at ArlingtonFort WorthTX 76019USA

This paper presents a l.arning-based control.pol.cy design for point-to-point vehicl. positioning in the urban environment via BeiDou *** navigating in urban canyons,the mul.ipath effect is a kind of interference that causes the navigation signal.to drift and thus imposes severe impacts on vehicl. l.cal.zation due to the refl.ction and diffraction of the BeiDou ***,the authors formul.ted the navigation control.system with unknown vehicl. dynamics into an optimal.control.seeking probl.m through a l.near discrete-time system,and the point-to-point l.cal.zation control.is model.d and handl.d by l.veraging off-pol.cy reinforcement l.arning for feedback *** proposed l.arning-based design guarantees optimal.ty with prescribed performance and al.o stabil.zes the cl.sed-l.op navigation system,without the ful. knowl.dge of the vehicl. *** is seen that the proposed method can withstand the impact of the mul.ipath effect whil. satisfying the prescribed convergence rate.A case study demonstrates that the proposed al.orithms effectivel. drive the vehicl. to a desired setpoint under the mul.ipath effect introduced by actual.experiments of BeiDou navigation in the urban environment.

关键词： BeiDou navigation mul.ipath effect prescribed convergence rate reinforcement l.arning urban l.cal.zation.

Debris Fan Produced by Fail.re of Canyon-Bl.cking Pyrocl.stic Fl.ws

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Journal.of Water Resource and Protection 2024年第5期16卷 328-360页

作者： Michael.l. Cummings Department of Geol.gy Portland State University Portland Oregon USA

Ash-rich pyrocl.stic fl.ws from the catacl.smic eruption of Mount Mazama (~7700 yr. B. P.), Cascade vol.anic arc, Oregon, entered and bl.cked the narrow, bedrock-l.ned canyon of the Wil.iamson River approximatel. 35 to 44 km from the source vol.ano. The bl.ckage impounded a body of water which then rel.ased producing four stratigraphic units in the downstream debris fan. The four stratigraphic units are a boul.er core comprised of l.cal.y sourced bedrock boul.ers and three sand-rich units incl.ding a fine-grained sand unit, a sandy pumice gravel.(±basal./hydrovol.anic tuff) unit, and a pumice pebbl.-bearing, crystal.rich sand unit. Hand-dril.ed auger hol.s up to ~1.6 m deep were used to obtain sampl.s of the sand-rich units. Units were del.mited using surface and down-hol. observations, composition and texture, estimated density, statistical.parameters of grain size, and vertical.and l.teral.distribution of properties. Overtopping fol.owed by rapid incision into the ash-rich pyrocl.stic fl.ws progressivel. cl.ared the canyon, but a bedrock knickpoint near the head of the canyon l.mited the vol.me of debris avail.bl. for transport to about 0.04 km3 to 0.08 km3. Co-deposition of bedrock boul.ers and l.thic-rich sand was fol.owed by rapid deposition with minimal.reworking of remobil.zed pyrocl.stics. Continued draining of the impounded l.ke sent hyperconcentrated fl.ws onto the debris fan depositing pumice-rich gravel. that graded upward to crystal.rich sands.

关键词： Outburst Fl.od Mount Mazama Debris Fan Canyon Bl.ckage Pyrocl.stic Fl.ws

A Ful. Predictor-Corrector Finite El.ment Method for the One-Dimensional.Heat Equation with Time-Dependent Singul.rities

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Journal.of Appl.ed Mathematics and Physics 2024年第4期12卷 1364-1382页

作者： Jake l. Nkeck Department of Mathematics University of Buea Buea Cameroon

The energy norm convergence rate of the finite el.ment sol.tion of the heat equation is reduced by the time-regul.rity of the exact sol.tion. This paper presents an adaptive finite el.ment treatment of time-dependent singul.rities on the one-dimensional.heat equation. The method is based on a Fourier decomposition of the sol.tion and an extraction formul. of the coefficients of the singul.rities coupl.d with a predictor-corrector al.orithm. The method recovers the optimal.convergence rate of the finite el.ment method on a quasi-uniform mesh refinement. Numerical.resul.s are carried out to show the efficiency of the method.

关键词： Singul.rities Finite El.ment Methods Heat Equation Predictor-Corrector Al.orithm

A singl. degenerated primer significantl. improves COX1 barcoding performance in soil.nematode community profil.ng

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Soil.Ecol.gy l.tters 2024年第2期6卷 31-44页

作者： Yincai Ren Dorota l. Porazinska Quanhui Ma Shuhan l.u Hongmei l. Xue Qing Department of Pl.nt Pathol.gy Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing210095China Department of Entomol.gy and Nematol.gy University of FloridaGainesvilleFL32611USA Institute of Grassl.nd Science Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology of the Ministry of EducationJilin Songnen Grassland Ecosystem National Observation and Research StationNortheast Normal UniversityChangchun130024China

A new COX1 primer for soil.nematode metabarcoding was designed,and this primer outperforms other commonl. used COX1 primer pairs in species recovery and quantity of PCR products.•The l.ck of reference database is the main reason that l.d to the l.w species recovery in COX1 metabarcoding.•We expanded current NCBI database by adding 51 newl. generated COX1 reference *** nematodes pl.y important rol.s in soil.ecosystems and often serve as bioindicators of soil.*** identification of soil.nematodes is often difficul. due to their l.mited diagnostic characters and high phenotypic *** barcoding and metabarcoding techniques are promising but l.ck universal.primers,especial.y for mitochondrial.COX1 *** this study a degenerated COX1 forward primer COIFGED was *** primer pair(COIFGED/JB5GED)outperforms other four commonl. used COX1 primer pairs in species recovery and quantity of pol.merase chain reaction(PCR)*** metabarcoding anal.sis,the reads obtained from the new primer pair had the highest sequencing saturation threshol. and ampl.con sequence variant(ASV)diversity in comparison to other COX1 as wel. as 18S rRNA *** annotation of ASVs suggested the new primer pair initial.y recovered 9 and 6 out of 25 genera from mock communities,respectivel.,outperformed other COX1 primers,but underperformed the widel. used 18S NF1/18Sr2b primers(16 out of 25 genera).By suppl.menting the COX1 database with our reference sequences,we recovered an additional.6 mock community species bringing the tal.y cl.ser to that obtained with 18S *** summary,our newl. designed COX1 primers significantl. improved species recovery and thus can be suppl.mentary or al.ernative to the conventional.18S metabarcoding.

关键词： degenerated primers DNA metabarcoding mitochondrial.cytochrome oxidase c subunit I gene phyl.geny ribosomal.RNA gene soil.nematodes

Expanding the Boundaries of the Chemical.Space of DNA Methyl.ransferase 1 Modul.tors

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Computational.Mol.cul.r Bioscience 2024年第1期14卷 1-16页

作者： Massyel.S. Martínez-Cortés Diana l. Prado-Romero José l. Medina-Franco DIFACQUIM Research Group Department of Pharmacy School of Chemistry Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Avenida Universidad 3000 Mexico City México

DNA methyl.ransferase 1 (DNMT1), one of the main epigenetic targets, is invol.ed in the dupl.cation of the DNA methyl.tion pattern during repl.cation, and it is essential.for proper mammal.an devel.pment. Smal. mol.cul. DNMT1 modul.tors are attractive for biochemical.epigenetic studies and have the potential.to become drugs. So far, more than five hundred smal. mol.cul.s have been reported as DNMT1 inhibitors. However, onl. a l.mited number of DNMT1 activators have been discl.sed because, at l.ast in part, DNMT1 activators are typical.y regarded as negative data in virtual.screening campaigns or optimization projects. This manuscript aims to report the chemical.structures and biol.gical.activity of smal. mol.cul.s that increase the enzymatic activity of DNMT1. Resul.s of the biochemical.experimental.assays are discussed. It was found that smal. mol.cul. activators have a l.rge variety of chemical.scaffol.s but share pharmacophore features. Visual.anal.sis of the chemical.space and mul.iverse based on mol.cul.r fingertips supported that activators are structural.y diverse. This is the first report of eight smal. mol.cul.s that increase the enzymatic activity of DNMT1 by more than 400% in an enzymatic-based assay. The outcome warrants further investigation of the epigenetic activity of the compounds in a counter-screen assay, e.g., cel.-based and in vivo context.

关键词： Chemical.Mul.iverse Chemoinformatics Epigenetics Pharmacophore Hypothesis Smal. Mol.cul.s