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Subacute ruminal acidosis in dairy herds:Microbiological and nutritional causes,consequences,and prevention strategies

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Animal Nutrition 2022年第3期10卷 148-155页

作者： Mawda e.elmhadi Darien K.Ali Mawahib K.Khogali Hongrong Wang Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition College of Animal Science and TechnologyYangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009China Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine and Public Health Faculty of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of KhartoumKhartoum NorthSudan College of Animal Science and Technology Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou225009China

Dairy cattle are frequently fed high-concentrate(HC)diets in modern intensive feeding systems,especially in the transition *** this period,cows face many alterations that include hormonal changes and shifting to a lactating *** to a HC diet that may disrupt the ruminal microbiota balance can lead to subacute ruminal acidosis(SARA).Moreover,the main factor shaping the rumen microbiota is dietary composition,especially the ratio of starch to fibrous *** highly fermentable carbohydrate diets after adaptation to forage diets leads to a rumen fermentation rate that exceeds rumen absorption and buffering rates,resulting in a reduction in ruminal *** a result of Gram-negative bacterial cell lysis,an increase in harmful ruminal bacterial metabolites,including lipopolysaccharide,lactic acid,and histamine,is *** interactions between the host immune system and the ruminal microbiota play an essential role in many physiological processes and the development of the *** in DNA sequencing and bioinformatics platforms provides new opportunities to investigate the composition of ruminal microbes and yields unique advances in understanding ecology of the *** ruminal acidosis is linked with a change in the ruminal microbiota structure and richness and with other metabolic disorders;such as rumenitis,milk fat depression,laminitis,and liver ***,this review aims to explore a better understanding of the crosstalk between diet and microbiota in the prevalence of rumen acidosis and its consequences,which is crucial for control strategies such as feeding management,and supplementation with thiamine,prebiotics,and probiotics.

关键词： Subacute ruminal acidosis High-concentrate diet Microbial diversity Inflammatory and immune response Prevention

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DeHP exposure destroys blood-testis barrier (BTB) integrity of immature testes through excessive ROS-mediated autophagy

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Genes & Diseases 2018年第3期5卷 263-274页

作者： W.e.I.Yi Tang Xiang-Liang Zhou Yu Liu Bin Shen Lian-Ju Long Chun-lan L.I.N.Tao H.e.Da-wei W.U.Sheng-de W.e.I.Guang-hui Department of Urology Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityZhongshan 2RDYuzhong DistrictChongqing400014China Chongqing Key Laboratory of Children Urogenital Development and Tissue engineering China Ministry of education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders China China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders China Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics Chongqing China

Di-(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate(DeHP),is known to impair testicular functions and ***,its effects on immature testis Blood-testis barrier(BTB)and the underlying mechanisms remain *** constructed a rat model to investigate the roles of autophagy in BTB toxicity induced by *** rats were developmentally exposed to 0,250 and 500 mg/kg DeHP via intragastric administration from postnatal day(PND)1 to PND *** morphology,expressions of BTB junction proteins and autophagy related proteins were *** addition,expressions of oxidative stress markers were also *** results demonstrated that developmental DeHP exposure induced decreasing organ coefficients of immature testes and severe testicular damage in *** expressions of junctional proteins were down-regulated significantly after DeHP ***,DeHP simultaneously increased the number of autophagosomes and the levels of autophagy marker LC3-II and p62,suggesting that the accumulated autophagosomes resulted from impaired autophagy ***,the expressions of HO-1 and SOD levels remarkably decreased after DeHP *** e and C could alleviate the DeHP-induced oxidative stress,reverse the autophagy defect and restore the BTB *** together,DeHP exposure destroys immature testis blood-testis barrier(BTB)integrity through excessive ROSmediated autophagy.

关键词： Autophagy BTB DeHP Immature testis Oxidative stress

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AIAA航天器导航、制导和控制接口标准倡议:综述

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控制工程（北京） 2000年第2期 58-63,45页

作者： George e.Sevaston Frederic Agardy john Allen 关澂

美国航天航空协会(AIAA)已经拟定了一项航天器制导、导航和控制(GN&C)分系统接口新标准的重要倡议。此项工作的中心目标是建立新的标准以改进GN&C主要设备的接插件及其功能的兼容性,从而使航天器的开发成本大大降低。标准化的目标仅限... 详细信息

美国航天航空协会(AIAA)已经拟定了一项航天器制导、导航和控制(GN&C)分系统接口新标准的重要倡议。此项工作的中心目标是建立新的标准以改进GN&C主要设备的接插件及其功能的兼容性,从而使航天器的开发成本大大降低。标准化的目标仅限定在接口范围,包括不同GN&C设备之间以及GN&C分系统和其他分系统间的信息(如数据和信号)接口,电源、机械、热和环境接口。目前的重点是不同硬件间的信息接口(如星跟踪器和星栽计算机的接口)。本文首先将对此计划(包括计划和进度)进行详细论述。然后重点介绍迄今为止所取得的技术进展。

关键词：美国航天航空协会 AIAA GN&C

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温肾益心方辅助心脉隆注射液对老年冠心病合并心力衰竭患者的治疗效果

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实用心脑肺血管病杂志 2024年第10期32卷 100-104页

作者：徐雪梅李凤娥苏萍刘薇河北省唐山市中医医院心血管二科 063000

目的探究温肾益心方辅助心脉隆注射液对老年冠心病(CHD)合并心力衰竭(HF)患者的治疗效果。方法选取2021年7月—2023年7月于唐山市中医医院接受治疗的老年CHD合并HF患者112例,采用随机数字表法将其分为对照组和观察组,每组56例。所有患... 详细信息

目的探究温肾益心方辅助心脉隆注射液对老年冠心病(CHD)合并心力衰竭(HF)患者的治疗效果。方法选取2021年7月—2023年7月于唐山市中医医院接受治疗的老年CHD合并HF患者112例,采用随机数字表法将其分为对照组和观察组,每组56例。所有患者接受新四联方案治疗,对照组接受心脉隆注射液治疗,观察组在对照组基础上接受温肾益心方治疗。比较两组临床疗效和治疗前后中医证候积分、心功能指标〔包括心排血量(CO)、左心室射血分数(LVeF)、每搏输出量(SV)〕、6 min步行距离(6MWD)、血清心肌肌钙蛋白I(cTnI)、血清N末端脑钠肽前体(NT-proBNP)、血清可溶性肿瘤生成抑制因子2(sst2)及治疗期间不良反应发生率。结果对照组剔除3例患者,其中中途自行换药1例、未按要求服药2例。观察组剔除3例患者,其中中途自行换药1例、未按要求服药1例、失访1例。观察组临床疗效优于对照组(PeF、SV分别高于本组治疗前,6MWD分别长于本组治疗前,且观察组CO、LVeF、SV高于对照组,6MWD长于对照组(Pst2分别低于本组治疗前,且观察组血清cTnI、NT-proBNP、sst2低于对照组(P0.05)。结论温肾益心方辅助心脉隆注射液可提高老年CHD合并HF患者临床疗效,减轻患者症状,提高患者心功能及运动耐量,降低HF生物标志物水平,且用药安全性较高。

关键词：冠心病心力衰竭心脉隆注射液温肾益心方治疗结果

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垃圾填埋场地评估:以探讨的眼光看待制定中的法律

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经济资料译丛 2009年第2期 110-121页

作者： john e.Garippa Kenneth R.Kosco 周港纪益成 Garippa lotz&giannuario公司厦门大学评估研究中心邮政编码361005 国际服务公司不详

最近，拥有不同司法管辖权的法院被要求确定垃圾填埋场地的价值。然而，这却被证明是一项艰巨的任务。法院面临的最主要问题是垃圾填埋场地的独特性。事实上，宾夕法尼亚州的一家法院发现。对垃圾填埋场地的价值做出评估竟是如此之困难... 详细信息

最近，拥有不同司法管辖权的法院被要求确定垃圾填埋场地的价值。然而，这却被证明是一项艰巨的任务。法院面临的最主要问题是垃圾填埋场地的独特性。事实上，宾夕法尼亚州的一家法院发现。对垃圾填埋场地的价值做出评估竟是如此之困难，以致于只好推荐立法机关来解决这一问题。【参见：PineGrove，supraat9（“鉴于垃圾填埋场地的独特性质，立法机关最好能考虑一种评估方法，特别的用来适应评估垃圾填埋场地的市场价值时遇到的具体问题。”）】

关键词：评估方法场地垃圾法律眼光宾夕法尼亚州市场价值立法机关

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Monocyte/Macrophage-Mediated Innate Immunity in HIV-1 Infection:From early Response to Late Dysregulation and Links to Cardiovascular Diseases Onset

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Virologica Sinica 2021年第4期36卷 565-576页

作者： eman Teer Danzil e.Joseph Richard H.Glashoff M.Faadiel essop Centre for Cardio-metabolic Research in Africa(CARMA) Department of Physiological SciencesStellenbosch UniversityStellenbosch 7600South Africa Division of Medical Microbiology&Immunology Department of PathologyStellenbosch University and NHLSCape Town 7505South Africa

Although monocytes and macrophages are key mediators of the innate immune system,the focus has largely been on the role of the adaptive immune system in the context of human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)*** more attention and research work regarding the innate immune system-especially the role of monocytes and macrophages during early HIV-1 infection-is *** monocytes and tissue macrophages are both susceptible targets of HIV-1 infection,and the early host response can determine whether the nature of the infection becomes pathogenic or *** example,monocytes and macrophages can contribute to the HIV reservoir and viral persistence,and influence the initiation/extension of immune activation and chronic *** the expansion of monocyte subsets(classical,intermediate and non-classical)provide an increased understanding of the crucial role they play in terms of chronic inflammation and also by increasing the risk of coagulation during HIV-1 *** review discusses the role of monocytes and macrophages during HIV-1 pathogenesis,starting from the early response to late dysregulation that occurs as a result of persistent immune activation and chronic *** changes are also linked to downstream targets such as increased coagulation and the onset of cardiovascular diseases.

关键词： Monocytes Human immunodeficiency virus(HIV) Persistent immune activation Coagulation Cardiovascular diseases(CVD)

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Tanoak (Notholithocarpus densiflorus) Coarse Root Morphology: Prediction Models for Volume and Biomass of Individual Roots

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Open Journal of Forestry 2016年第1期6卷 1-13页

作者： Brandon H. Namm john-Pascal Berrill Department of Forestry and Wildland Resources Humboldt State University Arcata USA

Descriptions of tree root morphology inform design of belowground biomass and carbon inventories and sampling for research. We studied root morphology of tanoak (Notholithocarpus densiflorus), an important component in mixed evergreen forests of California and Oregon, USA. Tanoak re-sprouts from belowground lignotubers after disturbances, and stores an unknown amount of carbon in coarse roots underground. We sought to ascribe explanatory nomenclature to roots’ morphological features and to identify models describing tanoak root morphology. Twelve tanoak root systems were excavated, dissected, and measured. Roots tapered according to their circumference and location. Larger roots closer to the lignotuber (located at the base of the tree stem) tapered more rapidly per unit of length. Tanoak roots forked frequently. Root cross-sectional area was preserved after forking events (i.e., the sum of cross-sectional areas for smaller roots on one side of the fork correlated with the adjoining large root). Occurrence and quantity of root branches (small roots branching laterally from larger roots) was dependent upon length of the source root segment. Our models of tanoak root morphology are designed to be organized together to estimate biomass of any segment or collection of lateral roots (e.g., roots lost/missed during excavation, or in lieu of destructive sampling), given root diameter at a known distance from the lignotuber. The taper model gives distal- and proximal-end diameters for calculation of volume for segments of root tapering between forks. Frequency of forking and branching can also be predicted. Summing the predicted mass of each lateral root segment, branch, and forked segment would produce an estimate of mass for a contiguous network of lateral roots.

关键词： Belowground Biomass Carbon Root Taper Tree Root Architecture

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Prediction of residual tensile strength of glass fiber reinforced polymer bars in harsh alkaline concrete environment using fuzzy metaheuristic models

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Journal of Ocean engineering and Science 2023年第5期8卷 546-558页

作者： Mudassir Iqbal Khalid elbaz Daxu Zhang Lili Hu Fazal e.Jalal state Key Laboratory of Ocean engineering Shanghai Key Laboratory for Digital Maintenance of Buildings and InfrastructureSchool of Naval ArchitectureOcean&Civil EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Department of Civil engineering University of Engineering and Technology PeshawarPakistan MOe Key Laboratory of Intelligent Manufacturing Technology Department of Civil and Environmental EngineeringCollege of EngineeringShantou UniversityShantouGuangdong 515063China Department of Civil engineering Higher Future Institute of Engineering and TechnologyMansouraEgypt

The long-term durability of glass fiber reinforced polymer(GFRP)bars in harsh alkaline environments is of great importance in engineering,which is reflected by the environmental reduction factor in vari-ous structural *** calculation of this factor requires robust models to predict the residual tensile strength of GFRP ***,three robust metaheuristic algorithms,namely particle swarm optimiza-tion(PSO),genetic algorithm(GA),and support vector machine(SVM),were deployed in this study for achieving the best hyperparameters in the adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system(ANFIS)in order to obtain more accurate prediction *** optimized models were developed to predict the tensile strength retention(TSR)of degraded GFRP rebars in typical alkaline environments(e.g.,seawater sea sand concrete(SWSSC)environment in this study).The study also proposed more reliable model to predict the TSR of GFRP bars exposed to alkaline environmental conditions under accelerating laboratory aging.A to-tal number of 715 experimental laboratory samples were collected in a form of extensive database to be trained.K-fold cross-validation was used to assess the reliability of the developed models by dividing the dataset into five equal *** order to analyze the efficiency of the metaheuristic algorithms,multiple statistical tests were *** was concluded that the ANFIS-SVM-based model is robust and accu-rate in predicting the TSR of conditioned GFRP *** the meantime,the ANFIS-PSO model also yielded reasonable results concerning the prediction of the tensile strength of GFRP bars in alkaline concrete *** sensitivity analysis revealed GFRP bar size,volume fraction of fibers,and pH of solution were the most influential parameters of TSR.

关键词： Gfrp Seawater sea sand concrete Durability Metaheuristic Anfis-pso,anfis-ga ANFIS-SVM

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全蛋粉发酵工艺优化及其在仔猪上的有效能值和回肠末端氨基酸消化率测定

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饲料工业 2024年第12期45卷 105-113页

作者：黄蕊沈海波肖晴睿唐黎姿张琛马晓康谭碧娥王婧湖南农业大学动物科学技术学院动物营养基因组与种质创新中心湖南长沙410128 岳麓山实验室湖南长沙410128

研究选用枯草芽孢杆菌、德氏乳酸杆菌、酵母菌、木瓜蛋白酶和脂肪酶为菌接种剂和酶添加剂,利用菌酶协同发酵技术对全蛋粉进行发酵,以增加发酵蛋粉中小肽含量为优化目标,通过响应面优化发酵参数;并检测发酵蛋粉在仔猪中的有效能值(消化... 详细信息

研究选用枯草芽孢杆菌、德氏乳酸杆菌、酵母菌、木瓜蛋白酶和脂肪酶为菌接种剂和酶添加剂,利用菌酶协同发酵技术对全蛋粉进行发酵,以增加发酵蛋粉中小肽含量为优化目标,通过响应面优化发酵参数;并检测发酵蛋粉在仔猪中的有效能值(消化能、代谢能)和回肠末端氨基酸消化率(表观回肠末端消化率和标准回肠末端消化率)。结果表明:经过响应面优化,发酵全蛋粉的最优条件为含水量65%,菌酶比例为5∶1,温度为38℃,时间为62h,此条件下发酵蛋粉小肽含量为15.09%。在仔猪中,发酵全蛋粉的消化能和代谢能分别为24.64 MJ/kg和23.88 MJ/kg,总能表观消化率为88.58%;表观和标准回肠末端粗蛋白消化率分别为75.87%和80.75%。综上所述,利用响应面优化全蛋粉菌酶协同发酵技术后,全蛋粉中的小肽含量有所提高,为发酵蛋粉在仔猪饲养中的应用提供了理论参考。

关键词：全蛋粉菌酶协同发酵小肽有效能值氨基酸消化率

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基于烧结工序的半干法烧结废气脱硫脱硝工艺节能减排研究

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山西冶金 2024年第5期47卷 167-169页

作者：王艳丽张凤娥贾兆昌山西科润得生态环境科技有限公司山西太原030000

传统的烧结废气治理方法往往能耗较高,不仅增加了企业的生产成本,还加剧了能源资源的紧张局面。对此,基于传统半干法脱硫脱硝技术进行改进,提出一种半干法循环流化床脱硫除尘与中低温选择性催化还原技术结合的综合技术。经实验分析表明... 详细信息

传统的烧结废气治理方法往往能耗较高,不仅增加了企业的生产成本,还加剧了能源资源的紧张局面。对此,基于传统半干法脱硫脱硝技术进行改进,提出一种半干法循环流化床脱硫除尘与中低温选择性催化还原技术结合的综合技术。经实验分析表明:该研究技术下节约的电力约是改进前半干法工艺的2.47倍,是湿法脱硫+SCR脱硝技术的1.97倍;基于研究技术的烧结废气处理工艺耗气量最低,平均每天耗气量约为0.34 m^(3)/t,改进前的半干法工艺技术的平均每天耗气量为0.74 m^(3)/t,湿法脱硫+SCR脱硝技术下平均每天耗气量为0.72 m^(3)/t。由此得出,改进后的半干法工艺可以达到烧结废气处理中节约能耗的效果。

关键词：半干法烧结废气脱硫脱硝工艺烧结工序循环流化床技术

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