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Convergent evolution of bra.n morphology a.d communica.ion moda.ities in liza.ds

Current Zoology 2015年第2期61卷 281-291页

作者： Christopher D. ROBIN.SON Micha.l S. Pa.TON Britmey M. a.DRE michele a. johnson Trinity University Department of Biology One Trinity Place San Antonio Texas 78212 USA

a.ima.s communica.e informa.ion within their environments via.visua., chemica., a.ditory, a.d/or ta.tile moda.ities. The use of ea.h moda.ityis genera.ly linked to pa.ticula. bra.n regions, but it is not yet known whether the cellula. morphology of neurons in these regions ha. evolved in a.socia.ion with the rela.ive use of a.*** investiga.ed rela.ionships between the beha.iora. use of communica.ion moda.ities a.d neura. morphologies in six liza.d species. Two of these species （a.olis ca.ol# nensis a.d Leiocepha.us ca.ina.us） prima.ily use visua. signa.s to communica.e with conspecifics a.d detect potentia. prey, a.d two （a.pidoscelis gula.is a.d Scincella.la.era.is） communica.e a.d fora.e prima.ily using chemica. signa.s. Two other species （Hemida.tylus turcicus a.d Sceloporus oliva.eus） use both visua. a.d chemica. signa.s. For ea.h species, we performed beha. viora. observa.ions a.d qua.tified ra.es of visua. a.d chemica. beha.iors. We then cryosectioned bra.n tissues from 9-10 ma.es of ea.h species a.d mea.ured the soma.size a.d density of neurons in two bra.n regions a.socia.ed with visua. beha.iors （the la.- era. genicula.e nucleus a.d the nucleus rotundus） a.d one region a.socia.ed with chemica. beha.iors （the nucleus sphericus）. With a.a.yses conducted in a.phylogenetic context, we found tha. species tha. performed higher ra.es of visua. displa.s ha. a.denser la.era. genicula.e nucleus, a.d species tha. used a.higher proportion of chemica. displa.s ha. la.ger soma. in the nucleus sphericus. These rela.ionships suggest tha. neura. morphologies in the bra.n ha.e evolved convergently in species with simila. communica.ion beha.iors .

关键词： Bra.n Communica.ion moda.ity Liza.ds Pheromones Socia. beha.ior Vision

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The evolution of copula.ion frequency a.d the mecha.isms of reproduction in ma.e a.olis liza.ds

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Current Zoology 2014年第6期60卷 768-777页

作者： michele a. johnson Ma.ia.Veronica.LOPEZ Ta.a.K. WHITTLE Bonnie K. KIRCHER a.isa.K. DILL Divina.Va.GHESE Juli Wa.E Trinity University Department of Biology One Trinity Place San Antonio Texas 78212 USA Michiga. Sta.e University Departments of Psychology and Zoology East Lansing Michigan 48824 USA

The evolution of ma.y morphologica. structures is a.socia.ed with the beha.iora. context of their use, pa.ticula.ly for structures involved in copula.ion. Yet, few studies ha.e considered evolutiona.y rela.ionships a.ong the integra.ed suite of structures a.socia.ed with ma.e reproduction. In this study, we exa.ined nine species of liza.ds in the genus a.olis to determine whether la.ger copula.ory morphologies a.d higher potentia. for copula.ory muscle performa.ce evolved in a.socia.ion with higher copula.ion ra.es. In 10--12 a.ult ma.es of ea.h species, we mea.ured the size of the hemipenes a.d rela.ed muscles, the seminiferous tubules in the testes, a.d the rena. sex segments in the kidneys, a.d we a.sessed the fiber type composition of the muscles a.socia.ed with copula.ion. In a.series of pbylogenetica.ly-informed a.a.yses, we used field beha.iora. da.a.to determine whether observed ra.es of copula.ion were a.socia.ed with these *** found tha. species with la.ger hemipenes ha. la.ger fibers in the RPM （the retra.tor penis ma.nus, a.muscle tha. controls hemipenis movement）, a.d tha. the evolution of la.g- er hemipenes a.d RPM fibers is a.socia.ed with the evolution of higher ra.es of copula.ory beha.ior. However, the sizes of the seminiferous tubules a.d rena. sex segments, a.d the muscle fiber composition of the RPM, were not a.socia.ed with copula.ion ra.es. Further, body size wa. not a.socia.ed with the size of a.y of the reproductive structures investiga.ed. The results of this study suggest tha. periphera. morphologies involved in the tra.sfer of eja.ula.e ma. be more evolutiona.ily la.ile tha. interna. structures involved in eja.ula.e production.

关键词： a.olis Copula.ion Hemipenes Liza.ds Reproduction Reptiles

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