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Distinct profiles of systemic biomarkers of oxidative stress in chronic human pathologies:Cardiovascular,psychiatric,neurodegenerative,rheumatic,infectious,neoplasmic and endocrinological diseases

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Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology 2013年第3期4卷 331-339页

作者： michel brack Olivier brack Yves Menezo Dominique Bonnefont Rousselot Gerard Dreyfus MJohn Chapman Anatol Kontush Ge Sante et Retraite ParisFrance Consultant en Statistiques EschesFrance Procrelys Maison Medicale Ambroise PareLyonFrance Laboratoire Clement ParisFrance London Fertlity Associates LondonUK Department of Metabolic Biochemistry La Pitie Salpetriere-Charles Foix(AP-HP)ParisFrance Department of Biochemistry Faculty of PharmacyParis Descartes UniversityParisFrance Ecole Superieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles ESPCIParisFrance (CNRS UMR 7084) Laboratoire d’electroniqueParisFrance Universite Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6 ParisFrance UMR 939“Dyslipoproteinemia Inflammation and Atherosclerosis”INSERMParisFrance AP-HP Groupe hospitalier Pitie-SalpetriereParisFrance

Oxidative stress is involved in chronic and acute pathologies: cardiovascular, neurodegenerative, neoplastic, inflammatory and infectious diseases. Clinical trials focused on prevention of cardiovascular and neoplastic diseases involving antioxidant supplementation have however provided predominantly negative obserations in large-scale studies. Screening of patient cohorts to assess baseline oxidative stress on the basis of a biomarker profile is decisive but lacking. For the first time, we evaluated the level of oxidative stress, testing more than 10 established biomarkers, in a comprehensive initial survey of 617 patients displaying chronic human pathologies. Multiple diseasespecific abnormalities were identified in plasma, whole blood and/or urine. This is the case for vitamins and oligo elements, vitamin C, vitamin E, β-carotene, selenium, zinc and copper;endogenous antioxidants such as reduced and oxidised glutathione, thiols, urate, and glutathione peroxidase activity, and a biomarker of oxidative DNA damage (8-hydroxy-2’-deoxy guanosine). The distinct biomarker profiles suggest the involvment of multiple forms of oxidative insults which arein some way partially specific to each pathological condition. This finding is in favor of the determination of an integrated score to combine contributions of distinct biomarkers, in order to screen patients presenting elevated levels of oxidative stress.

关键词： Vitamin C Vitamin E β-Carotene Glutathione Thiols Urate 8-Hydroxy-2’-Deoxyguanosine

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On the study of hydrodynamic instabilities in the presence of background magnetic fields in high-energy-density plasmas

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2021年第2期6卷 37-45页

作者： M.J.-E.Manuel B.Khiar G.Rigon B.Albertazzi S.R.Klein F.Kroll F.-E.brack T.michel P.Mabey S.Pikuz J.C.Williams M.Koenig A.Casner C.C.Kuranz General Atomics San DiegoCalifornia 92121USA University of Chicago ChicagoIllinois 60637USA Laboratoire pour l’utilisation des lasers intenses 91128 Palaiseau CedexFrance University of Michigan Ann ArborMichigan 48109USA Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf 01328 DresdenGermany Technische Universitat Dresden 01062 DresdenGermany National Research Nuclear University Moscow 115409Russia Centre lasers intenses et applications 33405 Talence CedexFrance

Blast-wave-driven hydrodynamic instabilities are studied in the presence of a background B-field through experiments and simulations in the high-energy-density(HED)physics *** experiments conducted at the Laboratoire pour l’utilisation des lasers intenses(LULI),a laserdriven shock-tube platform was used to generate a hydrodynamically unstable interface with a prescribed sinusoidal surface perturbation,and short-pulse x-ray radiography was used to characterize the instability growth with and without a 10-T *** LULI experiments were modeled in FLASH using resistive and ideal magnetohydrodynamics(MHD),and comparing the experiments and simulations suggests that the Spitzer model implemented in FLASH is necessary and sufficient for modeling these planar *** results suggest insufficient amplification of the seed B-field,due to resistive diffusion,to alter the hydrodynamic *** the ideal-MHD simulations did not represent the experiments accurately,they suggest that similar HED systems with dynamic plasma-β(=2μ_(0)ρv^(2)/B^(2))values of less than∼100 can reduce the growth of blast-wave-driven Rayleigh–Taylor *** findings validate the resistive-MHD FLASH modeling that is being used to design future experiments for studying B-field effects in HED plasmas.

关键词： field. hydrodynamic instabilities

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