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Clean air captures attention whereas pollution distracts:evidence from brain activities

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2024年第4期18卷 5-15页

作者： jianxun Yang Yunqi Liu Berry van den Berg Susie Wang Lele Chen Miaomiao Liu jun Bi State Key Laboratory of pollution Control and Resource Reuse School of the EnvironmentNanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology(CICAEET) Nanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing 210044China Nanjing Foreign Language School Nanjing 210008China Department of Experimental psychology University of GroningenGrote Kruisstraat 2/19712 TSGroningenThe Netherlands Department of Social psychology University of GroningenGrote Kruisstraat 2/19712 TSGroningenThe Netherlands School of Education Science Nantong UniversityNantong 226019China

Awareness of the adverse impact of air pollution on attention-related performance such as learning and driving is rapidly ***,there is still little known about the underlying neurocognitive *** an adapted dot-probe task paradigm and event-related potential(ERp)technique,we investigated how visual stimuli of air pollution influence the attentional allocation *** were required to make responses to the onset of a target presented at the left or right visual *** probable location of the target was forewarned by a cue(pollution or clean air images),appearing at either the target location(attention-holding trials)or the opposite location(attention-shifting trials).Behavioral measures showed that when cued by pollution images,subjects had higher response accuracy in attention-shifting *** analysis results revealed that after the cue onset,pollution images evoked lower N300 amplitudes,indicating less attentioncapturing effects of dirty *** the target onset,pollution cues were correlated with the higher p300 amplitudes in attention-holding trials but lower amplitudes in attention-shifting *** indicates that after visual exposure to air pollution,people need more neurocognitive resources to maintain attention but less effort to shift attention *** findings provide the first neuroscientific evidence for the distracting effect of air *** conclude with several practical implications and suggest the ERp technique as a promising tool to understand human responses to environmental stressors.

关键词： Air pollution Attention Disengagement performance Event-related potential

Supramolecular polymerization of Hydrogen-Bonded Trimers in Bulk and Aqueous Medium

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CCS Chemistry 2024年第6期6卷 1458-1465页

作者： Freek V.de Graaf Stef A.H.jansen Sandra M.C.Schoenmakers Bas van Genabeek Marle E.j.Vleugels Bart W.L.van den Bersselaar E.W.Meijer Ghislaine vantomme Institute for Complex Molecular Systems Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic ChemistryEindhoven University of Technology5600 MBEindhoven School of Chemistry and RNA Institute University of New South WalesSydneyNew South Wales 2052

Synthetic molecules that form functional noncovalent assemblies in water have received much attention for their potential applications as *** this work,we introduce a novel water-compatible monomer based on the phthalhydrazide moiety that assembles into hydrogen-bonded trimeric *** bulk,the material exhibits a cylindrical nanostructure in the liquid-crystalline phase at elevated temperatures,morphologically distinct from the crystalline lamellar *** water,these molecules effectively form cylinders in a one-dimensional fashion,yielding fibrous *** formation of these supramolecular polymers follows a cooperative mechanism,as evidenced by denaturation *** trimerized pattern represents a new category of aqueous su pramolecular polymers with future prospects for functional complex molecular systems.

关键词： noncovalent chemistry supramolecular polymers hydrogen bonding cooperativity nanostructure

Best approach for the repair of distal biceps tendon ruptures

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World journal of Orthopedics 2013年第2期4卷 98-99页

作者： Iza?k F Kodde michel p j van den bekerom denise Eygendaal Department of Orthopaedics Upper Limb Unit Amphia Hospital 4800 RK Breda The Netherlands

The preferred treatment of distal biceps tendon ruptures is by operative repair. However, the best approach for repair(single vs double incision) is still subject of debate. Grewal and colleagues recently presented the results of a randomized clinical trial evaluating two different surgical approaches for the repair of distal biceps tendon ruptures. Despite the fact that this article currently presents the highest level of evidence for the surgical repair of distal biceps tendon ruptures, we have some comments on the study that might be interesting to discuss. We think that some of the results and conclusions presented in this study need to be interpreted in the light of these comments.

关键词： Distal biceps tendon Elbow Operation technique Repair Rupture

Staying home or leaving for a party:tissue-dependent choices of tissue-resident memory T cells

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2022年第6期19卷 651-652页

作者： Klaas p.j.M.van Gisbergen joke M.M.den Haan Department of Hematopoiesis Sanquin Research and Landsteiner LaboratoryAmsterdam UMCUniversity of Amsterdam1066CXAmsterdamThe Netherlands Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology Cancer Center AmsterdamAmsterdam Institute for Infection and ImmunityAmsterdam UMCVrije Universiteit AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands

CD8+T cells differentiate into different types of memory T cells after priming in the lymphoid *** memory T cells selectively express lymph node homing markers and recirculate between the blood and the secondary lymphoid *** memory T cells lack lymph node homing capacity,mainly circulate in the blood,and may enter peripheral *** third subset consists of tissue-resident memory T(Trm)cells that express CD69 and adhesion molecules such as CD11a,CD103,and CD49a that prevent tissue egress.

关键词： organs lymphoid CD69

Impact of black cherry on pedunculate oak vitality in mixed forests:Balancing benefits and concerns

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Forest Ecosystems 2023年第6期10卷 690-699页

作者： Ellen Desie Bart Muys jan den Ouden Bart Nyssen Rita Sousa-Silva Leon van den Berg Arnold van den Burg Gert-jan van Duinen Koenraad van Meerbeek Maaike Weijters Karen vancampenhout Division Forest Nature and LandscapeKU Leuven Campus GeelKleinhoefstraat 4B-2240 GeelBelgium Division Forest Nature and LandscapeKU LeuvenCelestijnenlaan 200EBox 2411B-3001 LeuvenBelgium KU Leuven plant Institute B-3001 LeuvenBelgium Forest Ecology and Management Group Wageningen UniversityP.O.Box 47Wageningenthe Netherlands Bosgroep Zuid-Nederland Huisvenseweg 145591 VD Heezethe Netherlands Young Academy for Sustainability Research University of Freiburg79104 Freiburg im BreisgauGermany Aquatic Ecology&Environmental Biology Radboud University NijmegenHeyendaalseweg 1356525 AJ Nijmegenthe Netherlands Biosphere/Zoological Museum Netherlands Onderlangs 176731 BK Otterlothe Netherlands Stichting Bargerveen Toernooiveld 16525 ED Nijmegenthe Netherlands B-WARE Research Centre/Radboud University Nijmegen Toernooiveld 16525 ED Nijmegenthe Netherlands

The vitality of European forests continues to decline due to new pests and diseases,climate-change related disturbances and high loads of atmospheric nitrogen *** soil health is a major factor underpinning the low vitality of West-European *** tree species with soil ameliorative traits is proposed as an avenue to counteract soil acidification and improve overall forest *** we evaluate the impact of black cherry(prunus serotina Ehrh.),a known rich litter species,on the vitality of neighboring pedunculate oak(Quercus robur L.)in ten mixed forests on sand in Germany,Belgium and the *** found that black cherry admixture increases foliar N and p to a surplus whereas it causes deficiencies in foliar Mg,thereby resulting in an overall negative effect on oak foliar nutrient ***,defoliation of oak leaves by herbivory decreases with the proximity of black *** structural equation modelling(SEM),we tested the hypothesized‘improved soil health’*** analyses showed that black cherry admixture leads to lower accumulation in the humus layer,resulting in higher soil base saturation which has a positive effect on foliar Ca yet a negative effect on total ***,the SEM illustrated that herbivory of oak leaves decreases when black cherry is admixed,both via dilution and improved soil *** effects of black cherry on oak vitality via“improved soil health”in our SEM are however small in comparison to direct ***,our study showed that the combined positive and negative impacts of black cherry on oak vitality are limited,which tempers the potential benefits of using the rich litter species to counteract oak decline via improved soil health–yet,the concern of black cherry as an invasive alien species negatively affecting the vitality of mature pedunculate oak trees may also be exaggerated.

关键词： Rich litter species Black cherry Nutrient cycling Insect herbivory Dilution effect Humus type pedunculate oak plant-soil interaction

Corticosteroid injection alone vs additional physiotherapy treatment in early stage frozen shoulders

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World journal of Orthopedics 2018年第9期9卷 165-172页

作者： Tim Kraal Inger Sierevelt Derek van Deurzen michel pj van den bekerom Lijkele Beimers Department of Orthopedic Surgery Slotervaart Center of Orthopedic Research and Education Department of Orthopedic Surgery Shoulder and Elbow Unit OLVG Hospital

AIM To investigate the additional value of physiotherapy after a corticosteroid injection in stage one or two idiopathic frozen shoulders(FSs).METHODS A two center, randomized controlled trial was done. patients with a painful early stage idiopathic FS were eligible for inclusion. After written consent, patients were randomly allocated into two groups. All patients received an ultrasound-guided intra-articular corticosteroid injection. One group underwent additional physiotherapy treatment(pT) and the other group did not(non-pT). The primary outcome measure was the Shoulder painand Disability Index(SpADI). Secondary outcomes were pain(numeric pain rating scale), range of motion(ROM), quality of life(RAND-36 score), and patient satisfaction. Follow-up was scheduled after 6, 12 and 26 *** Twenty-one patients were included, 11 patients in the non-pT and ten in the pT group, with a mean age of 52 years. Both treatment groups showed a significant improvement at 26 wk for SpADI score(non-pT: p = 0.05, pT: p = 0.03). At the 6 wk follow-up, median SpADI score was significant decreased in the pT group(14 IQR: 6-38) vs the non-pT group(63 IQR: 45-76)(p = 0.01). pain decreased significantly in both groups but no differences were observed between both treatment groups at any time point, except for night pain at 6 wk in favor of the pT group(p = 0.02). Significant differences in all three ROM directions were observed after 6 wk in favor of the pT group(p ≤ 0.02 for all directions). A significantly greater improvement in abduction(p = 0.03) and external rotation(p = 0.04) was also present in favor of the pT group after 12 wk. RAND-36 scores showed no significant differences in health-related quality of life at all follow-up moments. At 26 wk, both groups did not differ significantly with respect to any of the outcome parameters. No complications were reported in both *** Additional physiotherapy after corticosteroid injection improves ROM and functional limit

关键词： Corticosteroid Frozen shoulder Adhesive capsulitis physiotherapy

Supplementing oat hulls to the diet of suckling piglets altered their intestinal tract and colonic microbiota development

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Animal Nutrition 2023年第1期12卷 284-296页

作者： Hubèrt M.j.van Hees Koen Chiers Leo A.den Hartog Theo A.T.G.van Kempen Dominiek Maes Sam Millet Geert p.j.janssens Department of Veterinary and Biosciences Ghent UniversityMerelbekeBelgium Trouw Nutrition Research and Development Amersfoortthe Netherlands Department of pathology Ghent UniversityMerelbekeBelgium Animal Nutrition Wageningen University and ResearchWageningenthe Netherlands Department of Animal Science North Carolina State UniversityRaleighNCUSA Department of Reproduction Obstetrics and Herd HealthGhent UniversityMerelbekeBelgium ILVO(Flanders Research Institute for Agriculture Fisheries and Food)MelleBelgium

Current study evaluated the effect of a fine and coarsely ground insoluble dietary fibre source on the gastrointestinal development of suckling *** hulls(OH)were selected as a model feedstuff,rich in cellulose,lignin,and insoluble dietary *** experimental supplemental diets were formulated:a finely ground,low fibre and nutrient dense diet served as control(CON).For the 2 high fibre diets,15%heat-treated starch in CON was exchanged with OH,either finely(OH-f)or coarsely ground(OH-c).Litters of 10 primi-and multiparous sows(mean litter size 14.6±0.84)were *** a litter,experimental diets were allotted to triplets of 4 *** approximately 12 d of age,piglets’individual feed intakes were recorded 2 times per day when separated from their dam for 70 *** could suckle with their dam for the remainder of the *** d 24 and 25,from the total pool of 120 piglets,seven healthy well-eating piglets per treatment were selected for post-mortem evaluation,resulting in 14 replicates per *** of OH-c and OH-f did not impede clinical health and production performance of *** full stomach weights tended to be greater for OH-c compared to OH-f whereas CON was intermediate(p=0.083).Supplementing OH significantly increased ileal villus height and caecal dry matter concentration(pproteobacteria count and proportion(ppecifically increased full gastrointestinal tract weight and caecum contents weight compared to piglets fed CON and ***,OH-c reduced colonic crypt depth when compared to OH-f(p=0.018).In conclusion,supplementing OH to a diet for suckling piglets exerted subtle developmental effects on gastrointestinal morphology and colonic microbial *** effects were largely independent from the particle size of the OH.

关键词： Oat hull Insoluble fibre Gastrointestinal development Suckling piglet

Qualifying the suitability of living donor livers for pediatric liver transplantation:are we doing the right thing?

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2023年第3期12卷 462-464页

作者： Henkjan j.Verkade Frans C.j.Cuperus Aad p.van den Berg Division of pediatric Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of PediatricsUniversity of GroningenBeatrix Children’s HospitalUniversity Medical Center GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University of GroningenUniversity Medical Center GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands

Over the last decades,liver transplantation has become the standard care for many forms of end-stage liver disease,both in adults and in *** prognosis after pediatric liver transplantation(pLT)has steadily increased up to a patient survival at 5 years of 85%and an estimated graft half life of 31 years(1,2).In the early days of pLT,the transplanted organ originated from deceased *** 1990,adult-to-child living donor liver transplantation(LDLT)programs have developed,which rapidly gained popularity,particularly in Europe and Asia(2,3).A major stimulus for LDLT has been the limited availability of deceased *** indications for liver transplantation have expanded,particularly for adult patients,at a higher rate than the availability of donor ***,the quality of donor organs has steadily declined,resulting in a decreased utilization of livers from deceased donors for transplantation(4).The limited availability of qualified deceased donor livers has further stimulated LDLT:in Europe,for example,the percentage of living donor organs used for pLT increased from 7%before 2000 to 40%since 2010(1).

关键词： Steatosis graft survival pediatric liver transplantation(pLT) patient survival

Combining two-photon lithography with laser ablation of sacrificial layers:A route to isolated 3D magnetic nanostructures

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Nano Research 2023年第1期16卷 1441-1447页

作者： Arjen van den Berg Mylène Caruel Matthew Hunt Sam Ladak School of physics and Astronomy Cardiff UniversityCardiffCF243AAUK Institut National des Sciences Appliquées(INSA)of Toulouse 35 Avenue de Rangueil31400 ToulouseFrance

Three-dimensional(3D)nanostructured functional materials are important systems allowing new means for intricate control of electromagnetic properties.A key problem is realising a 3D printing methodology on the nanoscale that can yield a range of functional *** this article,it is shown that two-photon lithography,when combined with laser ablation of sacrificial layers,can be used to realise such a vision and produce 3D functional nanomaterials of complex ***-of-principle is first shown by fabricating planar magnetic nanowires raised above the substrate that exhibit controlled domain wall injection and ***,3D artificial spin-ice(3DASI)structures are fabricated,whose complex switching can be probed using optical *** show that by careful analysis of the magneto-optical Kerr effect signal and by comparison with micromagnetic simulations,depth dependent switching information can be obtained from the 3DASI *** work paves the way for new materials,which exploit additional physics provided by non-trivial 3D geometries.

关键词： three-dimensional(3D)nanomagnetism 3D lithography 3D artificial spin ice sacrificial layers magneto-optical Kerr effect