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Genetic diversity and occult hepatitis B infection in Africa: A comprehensive review

World Journal of Hepatology 2024年第5期16卷 843-859页

作者： michee m ba.ie mahamoudou Sanou Florencia Wendkuuni Djigma Tegwinde Rebeca Compaore Dorcas Obiri-Yeboah Benoît Kabamba Bolni marius Nagalo Jacques Simpore Rasmata Ouédraogo Department of medicine Transmissible Diseases LaboratoryUniversitéJoseph KI-ZERBOOuagadougou 0000Burkina Faso Department of Biochemistry and microbiology Molecular Biology and Genetics LaboratoryUniversity Joseph KI-ZERBOOuagadougou 0000Burkina Faso Infectious and parasitic disease Laboratory Health Sciences Research InstituteIRSS/CNRSTNational Center for Scientific and Technological ResearchOuagadougou 0000Burkina Faso Department of microbiology and Immunology School of Medical SciencesUniversity of Cape CoastPMBCape Coast 0000Ghana Department of Clinical Biology Virology LaboratoryCliniques Universitaires Saint LucUniversitéCatholique de LouvainBruxelles 0000Belgium Division of Hematology and Oncology Mayo ClinicAZ 0000United States

baCKGROUND Occult hepatitis B infection(OBI)is a globally prevalent infection,with its frequency being influenced by the prevalence of hepatitis B virus(HBV)infection in a particular geographic region,including *** can be transmitted th-rough blood transfusions and organ transplants and has been linked to the development of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).The associated HBV genotype influences the *** To highlight the genetic diversity and prevalence of OBI in *** This systematic review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and meta-Analyses guidelines and involved a comprehensive search on Pubmed,Google Scholar,Science Direct,and African Journals Online for published studies on the prevalence and genetic diversity of OBI in *** The synthesis included 83 articles,revealing that the prevalence of OBI varied between countries and population groups,with the highest prevalence being 90.9%in patients with hepatitis C virus infection and 38%in blood donors,indicating an increased risk of HBV transmission through blood *** of OBI reactivation have been reported following *** D is the predominant,followed by genotypes A and *** This review highlights the prevalence of OBI in Africa,which varies across countries and population *** study also demonstrates that genotype D is the most prevalent.

关键词： Occult hepatitis B infection Blood transfusion Genetic diversity

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Recent progress in the research on magnesium and magnesium alloy foils:A short review

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International Journal of minerals,metallurgy and materials 2024年第5期31卷 842-854页

作者： Qiuyan Shen Yongxing ba Peng Zhang Jiangfeng Song Bin Jiang Fusheng Pan National Engineering Research Center for magnesium Alloys Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China College of materials Science and Engineering Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China National Key Laboratory of Advanced Casting Technologies Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China

magnesium and magnesium alloy foils have great potential for application in battery anodes,electromagnetic shielding,optics and acoustics,and biology because of their excellent specific damping,internal dissipation coefficients,magnetic and electrical conductivities,as well as high theoretical specific ***,magnesium alloys exhibit poor deformation ability due to their hexagonal close-packed crystal *** magnesium and magnesium alloy foils with thicknesses of less than 0.1 mm is difficult because of surface oxidation and grain growth at high temperatures or severe anisotropy after cold rolling that leads to *** methods have been applied to prepare magnesium alloy *** include warm rolling,cold rolling,accumulative roll bonding,electric plastic rolling,and on-line heating *** of magnesium and magnesium alloy foils during preparation,such as edge cracks and breakage,are important factors for ***,the current status of the research on magnesium and magnesium alloy foils is summarized from the aspects of foil preparation,defect control,performance characterization,and application *** advantages and disadvantages of different preparation methods and defect(edge cracks and breakage)mechanisms in the preparation of foils are identified.

关键词： magnesium alloy foil rolling defect performance application

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Selective butyric acid production from CO_(2)and its upgrade to butanol in microbial electrosynthesis cells

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Environmental Science and Ecotechnology 2024年第1期17卷 119-127页

作者： meritxell Romans-Casas Laura Feliu-Paradeda michele Tedesco Hubertus V.m.Hamelers Lluis bañeras m.Dolors balaguer SebastiàPuig Paolo Dessì Institute of the Environment University of Girona.Campus MontiliviCarrer Maria Aurélia Capmany 69E-17003GironaSpain molecular microbial Ecology Group Institute of Aquatic EcologyUniversity of GironaMaria Aurelia Capmany 4017003GironaSpain Wetsus European Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water TechnologyOostergoweg 98911MALeeuwardenthe Netherlands

microbial electrosynthesis(mES)is a promising carbon utilization technology,but the low-value products(i.e.,acetate or methane)and the high electric power demand hinder its industrial *** this study,electrically efficient mES cells with a low ohmic resistance of 15.7 mU m^(2)were operated galvanostatically in fed-batch mode,alternating periods of high CO_(2)and H2 *** promoted acetic acid and ethanol production,ultimately triggering selective(78%on a carbon basis)butyric acid production via chain *** average production rate of 14.5 g m^(-2)d^(-1)was obtained at an applied current of 1.0 or 1.5 mA cm^(-2),being megasphaera *** key chain elongating *** a second cell with the catholyte containing the enriched community resulted in butyric acid production at the same rate as the previous cell,but the lag phase was reduced by 82%.Furthermore,interrupting the CO_(2)feeding and setting a constant pH2 of 1.7e1.8 atm in the cathode compartment triggered solventogenic butanol production at a pH below *** efficient cell design resulted in average cell voltages of 2.6e2.8 V and a remarkably low electric energy requirement of 34.6 kWhel kg1 of butyric acid produced,despite coulombic efficiencies being restricted to 45%due to the cross-over of O_(2)and H2 through the *** conclusion,this study revealed the optimal operating conditions to achieve energy-efficient butyric acid production from CO_(2)and suggested a strategy to further upgrade it to valuable butanol.

关键词： Biocathode Bioelectrochemical system Chain elongation Hydrogen partial pressure megasphaera

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Aggregation of CeAlO_(3) inclusions in heavy ingot of a steel containing 0.007% aluminum

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2024年第8期31卷 1960-1972页

作者： Qiu-yue Zhou Jun-tao ba Lun Zhang Wei Chen Ying Ren Li-feng Zhang School of metallurgical and Ecological Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China School of mechanical Engineering Yanshan UniversityQinhuangdao 066004HebeiChina School of mechanical and materials Engineering North China University of TechnologyBeijing 100144China

The distribution of inclusions at the bottom of a Ce-treated heavy steel ingot was detected and *** three-dimensional morphology and spatial distribution of CeAlOs clusters were characterized using the electrolytic extraction and micro-CT detection.A model of inclusion collision to predict the aggregation of CeAlO_(3) inclusions in the ingot was established and validated by measured *** were mainly CeAlO_(3) and a small amount of Ce_(2)O_(2)S in the tundish after cerium *** collision and aggregation of inclusions led to the formation of large clusters in the ingot during the solidification *** slag entrainment inclusions,large CeAO_(3) clusters and small CeAlO_(3) particles were observed from the center to the edge of the ingot *** inclusions were mainly concentrated at the *** number density of inclusions larger than 200μm was 0.21 mm^(-3).The maximum diameter of CeA1O_(3) clusters was 1340μ*** the edge to the radial center and from the bottom to the top,the average diameter of inclusions gradually increased due to the longer solidification time of the ingot.

关键词： Inclusion Heavy ingot Cerium treatment Collision

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Changes in microstructure and properties of weld heat-affected zone of high-strength low-alloy steel

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2024年第8期31卷 2041-2052页

作者： Shu-jun Jia Qi-lin ma Yu Hou ba Li He-song Zhang Qing-you Liu Central Iron and Steel Research Institute Co. Ltd.Beijing 100081China Collaborative Innovation Center for Steel Commonality University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Construction Project management Branch of China National Petroleum Pipeline Network Group Co. Ltd.Langfang 065000HebeiChina

The evolution of the microstructure and toughness of APL5L X80 pipeline steel after thermal welding simulation was investigated by X-ray diffraction,electron backscatter diffraction,and transmission electron *** results indicated that primary heat-affected zones can be divided into weld,coarse-grained,fine-grained,intercritical,and sub-critical *** microstructure of the weld zone is mainly composed of bainitic ferrite and a small amount of granular bainite;however,the original austenite grains are distributed in the columnar *** structure of the coarse-grained zone is similar to that of the weld zone,but the original austenite grains are *** contrast,the microstructure in the fine-grained zone is dominated by fine granular bainite,and the effective grain size is only 8.15μm,thus providing the highest toughness in the entire heat-affected *** intercritical and subcritical zones were brittle valley regions,and the microstructure was dominated by granular ***,the martensite-austenite(m/A)constituents are present in island chains along the grain boundaries,and the coarse size of the m/A constituents seriously reduces the *** results of the crack propagation analyzes revealed that high-angle grain boundaries can significantly slow down crack growth and change the crack direction,thereby increasing the material *** impact toughness of the low-temperature tempering zone was equivalent to that of the columnar grain zone,and the impact toughness was between those of the critical and fine-grained zones.

关键词： Welding thermal simulation Impact toughness Crack propagation martensite-austenite constituent High-strength low-alloy steel weld Heat-affected zone

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Carbon dots-derived three-dimensional-ordered macroporous host with high penetrability and catalytic activity for LSBs under lean electrolyte

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Rare metals 2024年第6期43卷 2560-2573页

作者： Jiao-Zi Duan Hua-Yu Pei Quan Yang Xue Li Xin ba Xue Yong Jun-Ling Guo Si-Yu Lu Green Catalysis Center College of ChemistryZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China Country State Center for International Cooperation On Designer Low-Carbon&Environmental materials School of Materials Science and EngineeringZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China Hubei Institute of Quality Supervision Inspection Wuhan 430061China Department of Chemistry University of SheffieldSheffeld S37HFUK

The practical energy density of lithium-sulfur batteries(LSBs)is seriously limited by the high electrolyte-to-sulfur ratios(E/S).The E/S can be reduced by employing hosts with easy-to-infiltrate structure that ensures the uniform distribution of a lean electrolyte and high catalytic activity that can suppress"shuttle effect"via accelerating the slow conversion of soluble poly sulfides to insoluble *** the easy-to-infiltrate structures,the three-dimensional-ordered macroporous(3DOm)structure is easier to scale preparation and more suitable for the existing industrial ***,it is difficult to obtain the 3DOm with(1)high penetrability due to the high viscosity of frequently-used organic polymer precursors and(2)high catalytic activity due to the low confinement effect,meaning that uniformly dispersed small-sized catalytic materials are difficult to load on ***,using carbon dots(CDs)with both organic and inorganic properties as a precursor and aggregation limiting agent,a 3DOm host with high penetrability and homodispersed Ni particles of small sizes(Ni-CDs-3DOm)was *** this host:(1)CDs precursor with suitable viscosity can improve the penetrability.(2)CDs can effectively inhibit the agglomeration of Ni particles.(3)Uniformly dispersed small-size Ni particles offer high-efficiency catalytic activity toward sulfur ***,the Ni-CDs-3DOm/sulfur cathode exhibits high sulfur utilization and stable cycling performance even under high sulfur loading(5.5 mg·cm^(-2))and low E/S(6.5μl·mg^(-1)).This work indicates the usefulness of CDs in constructing hosts for LSBs with high energy density.

关键词： Lithium-sulfur batteries Carbon dots Catalytic action Easy-to-infiltrate structure Lean electrolyte

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multi-aspect analysis of ureteral access sheath usage in retrograde intrarenal surgery: A RIRSearch group study

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Asian Journal of Urology 2024年第1期11卷 80-85页

作者： Oktay Özman Hacı m.Akgül Cem başataç Önder Çınar Eyüp B.Sancak Cenk m.Yazıcı Bülent Önal Haluk Akpınar Gaziosmanpasa Training and Research Hospital Urology ClinicİstanbulTurkey TekirdağNamık Kemal University School of MedicineDepartment of UrologyTekirdağTurkey Group Florence Nightingale Hospitals Department of UrologyİstanbulTurkey Zonguldak Bulent Ecevit University School of MedicineDepartment of UrologyZonguldakTurkey Çanakkale Onsekiz mart University School of MedicineDepartment of UrologyÇanakkaleTurkey İstanbul University-Cerrahpaşa Cerrahpaşa Medical FacultyDepartment of UrologyİstanbulTurkey

Objective:To evaluate the effect of ureteral access sheath(UAS)use and calibration change on stone-free rate and complications of retrograde intrarenal surgery(RIRS).methods:Data from 568 patients undergoing RIRS for kidney or upper ureteral stones were retrospectively ***,patients were compared after 1:1 propensity score matching,according to UAS usage during RIRS(UAS used[+]87 and UAS non-used[−]87 patients).Then all UAS+patients(n=481)were subdivided according to UAS calibration:9.5-11.5 Fr,10-12 Fr,11-13 Fr,and 13-15 *** outcomes of the study were the success and complications of ***:Stone-free rate of UAS+patients(86.2%)was significantly higher than UAS−patients(70.1%)after propensity score matching(p=0.01).Stone-free rate increased with higher caliber UAS(9.5-11.5 Fr:66.7%;10-12 Fr:87.0%;11-13 Fr:90.6%;13-15 Fr:100%;pmplications of UAS+patients(11.5%)were significantly lower than UAS−patients(27.6%)(p=0.01).Complications(8.7%)with 9.5-11.5 Fr UAS was lower than thicker UAS(17.2%)but was not statistically significant(p=0.09).UAS usage was an independent factor predicting stone-free status or peri-and post-operative complications(odds ratio[OR]3.654,95%confidence interval[CI]1.314-10.162;OR 4.443,95%CI 1.350-14.552;OR 4.107,95%CI 1.366-12.344,respectively).Conclusion:Use of UAS in RIRS may increase stone-free rates,which also increase with higher caliber *** usage may reduce complications;however,complications seemingly increase with higher UAS calibration.

关键词： Stone Retrograde intrarenal surgery Ureteral access sheath Urolithiasis Kidney

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Phase Ib study of anti-EGFR antibody(SCT200)in combination with anti-PD-1 antibody(SCT-I10A)for patients with RAS/BRAF wild-type metastatic colorectal cancer

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Cancer Biology & medicine 2024年第7期21卷 636-650页

作者： ming bai Yao Lu Chunmei Shi Jianwei Yang Wei Li Xianli Yin Chenghui Huang Lin Shen Liangzhi Xie Yi ba Department of GI medical Oncology Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute&HospitalNational Clinical Research Center for CancerKey Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and TherapyTianjinTianjin's Clinical Research Center for CancerTianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive CancerTianjin 300060China Fujian medical University Union Hospital Fuzhou 350001China Fujian Provincial Cancer Hospital Fuzhou 350014China Cancer Center The First Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchun 130021China Department of medical Oncology Gastroenterology and Urology Hunan Cancer HospitalAffiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of MedicineCentral South UniversityChangsha 410013China Department of Oncology The Third Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangsha 410013China Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research(Ministry of Education/Bejing)Peking University Cancer Hospital and InstituteBeijing 100142China Beijing Engineering Research Center of Protein and Antibody Sinocelltech Ltd.Bejing 100176China Department of Cancer Center Peking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijing 100010China

Objective:This study evaluated the safety and efficacy of an anti-epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR)antibody(SCT200)and an anti-programmed cell death 1(PD-1)antibody(SCT-I10A)as third-line or subsequent therapies in patients with rat sarcoma viral oncogene(RAS)/v-raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B(BRAF)wild-type(wt)metastatic colorectal cancer(mCRC).methods:We conducted a multicenter,open-label,phase Ib clinical *** with histologically confirmed RAS/BRAF wt m CRC with more than two lines of treatment were enrolled and treated with SCT-I10A and *** primary endpoints were the objective response rate(ORR)and *** secondary endpoints included disease control rate(DCR),progression-free survival(PFS),and overall survival(OS).Results:Twenty-one patients were enrolled in the study through January 28,*** ORR was 28.57%and the DCR was 85.71%(18/21).The median PFS and OS were 4.14 and 12.84 months,*** treatment-related adverse events(TRAEs)were ***,compared with the monotherapy cohort from our previous phase I study evaluating SCT200 for RAS/BRAF wt m CRC in a third-line setting,no significant improvements in PFS and OS were observed in the combination ***:SCT200 combined with SCT-I10A demonstrated promising efficacy in previously treated RAS/BRAF wt m CRC patients with an acceptable safety *** head-to-head studies with larger sample sizes are needed to validate whether the efficacy and safety of combined anti-EGFR and anti-PD-1 therapy are superior to anti-EGFR monotherapy in the third-line setting.(Registration ***04229537).

关键词： Colorectal cancer SCT-I10A SCT200 epidermal growth factor receptor programmed cell death 1

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circRNA3669 promotes goat endometrial epithelial cells proliferation via miR-26a/RCN2 to activate PI3K/AKT-mTOR and mAPK pathways

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第3期23卷 960-974页

作者： Xiaorui Liu Jiuzeng Cui mengyao Wei Xiaofei Wang Yuexia Liu Zhongshi Zhu min Zhou Gui ba Langda Suo Yuxuan Song Lei Zhang Division of Laboratory Safety and Services Northwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China College of Animal Science and Technology Northwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China Institute of Animal Sciences Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry SciencesLhasa 850009China

The development of receptive endometrium(RE) from pre-receptive endometrium(PE) for successful embryo implantation is a complex dynamic process in which the morphology and physiological states of the endometrial epithelium undergo a series of significant changes, including cell proliferation and apoptosis. However, the molecular mechanisms are not yet fully understood. In this study, a higher circRNA3669 level was observed in PE than in RE of goats. Functional assays revealed that this overexpression promoted the proliferation of goat endometrial epithelial cells(GEECs) by activating the expression of genes related to the PI3K/AKT-mTOR and mAPK pathways,thereby inhibiting apoptosis in vitro. Furthermore, circRNA3669 functioned as a competing endogenous RNA(ceRNA) to upregulate Reticulocalbin-2(RCN2) expression at the post-transcriptional level by interacting with and downregulating miR-26a in GEECs. In addition, RCN2, which is highly expressed in the PE of goats, was found to be regulated by β-estradiol(E2) and progesterone(P4). Our results demonstrated that RCN2 also affected the key proteins PI3K, AKT, mTOR, JNK, and P38 in the PI3K/AKT-mTOR and mAPK pathways, thereby facilitating GEECs proliferation and suppressing their apoptosis in vitro. Collectively, we constructed a new circRNA3669-miR-26aRCN2 regulatory network in GEECs, which further provides strong evidence that circRNA could potentially play a crucial regulatory role in the development of RE in goats.

关键词： circRNA3669 RCN2 miR-26a goat endometrial epithelial cells(GEECs) proliferation

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黏声波方程波场模拟的通用格式自适应系数频域有限差分方法

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地球物理学报 2024年第2期67卷 654-669页

作者：徐文豪巴晶 J.m.Carcione 朱鹤松河海大学地球科学与工程学院南京211100 National Institute of Oceanography and Applied Geophysics-OGS Borgo Grotta Gigante 42/cTriesteSgonico 34010Italy

黏声波方程常被用于描述地下介质的黏弹性及波的传播现象,频域有限差分(finite difference frequency domain,FDFD)方法是黏声波和黏弹性波波场模拟的常用工具.目前FDFD黏声波模拟常用的二阶五点方法和优化九点方法在一个波长内的网格... 详细信息

黏声波方程常被用于描述地下介质的黏弹性及波的传播现象,频域有限差分(finite difference frequency domain,FDFD)方法是黏声波和黏弹性波波场模拟的常用工具.目前FDFD黏声波模拟常用的二阶五点方法和优化九点方法在一个波长内的网格点数小于4时误差较大.通过令FDFD系数随一个波长内的网格点数自适应从而提高FDFD方法的精度,本文针对黏声波波场模拟发展了一种适用于不同空间采样间隔之比的通用格式自适应系数FDFD方法.同时,为了验证自适应系数FDFD方法对一般黏声波模型的有效性,本文针对三个典型的黏声波模型,分别采用解析解和基于高阶FDFD的参考解验证了所提出方法的有效性.本方法的FDFD格式通过在传统的二阶FDFD格式的基础上引入相关校正项得到,其中校正项按网格点与中心点的距离进行分类选取,同时校正项对应的自适应FDFD系数不仅和空间采样间隔之比相关,还和一个波长内的采样点数相关.所需的自适应FDFD系数可通过声波方程的数值频散关系和查找表高效给出.数值频散分析表明,在空间采样间隔相等或不等的情况下,以相速度误差不超过1%为标准,通用格式自适应系数FDFD方法所需的一个波长内的采样点数均小于2.5.数值模拟实验表明,对于不同的空间采样间隔之比,相对于常用的二阶五点FDFD方法和优化九点FDFD方法,通用格式自适应系数FDFD方法均可在相似的计算量和内存需求下,有效提高黏声波模拟的精度.

关键词：黏声波频域有限差分自适应系数波场模拟通用格式

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