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A Study of the Yesilirmak River Catchment in Northern Turkey: Spatial Patterns and Temporal Trends in Water Quality

Journal of Environmental Protection 2013年第7期4卷 104-120页

作者： Li Jin Paul Whitehead michalis hadjikakou 2School of Geography and the Environment University of Oxford Oxford UK 3Centre for Environmental Strategy University of Surrey Guildford UK. Department of Geology State University of New York College at Cortland Cortland USA School of Geography and the Environment University of Oxford Oxford UK

This paper presents a comprehensive study of spatial and temporal patterns of water chemistry (1995-2008) in the Yesilirmak River catchment in Northern Turkey. Biological oxygen demand (BOD), dissolved oxygen (DO) and nutrient concentrations (nitrogen and phosphorus) are variable across the catchment because the upland areas are relatively undisturbed, and the lower catchment is dominated by urban, industrial and agricultural inputs. Seasonally, high nutrient concentrations occur in winter possibly due to flushing from the soil zone. Low summer flow and reduced dilution lead to high orthophosphate concentrations. However, denitrification seems to be more significant than dilution processes and this generates low nitrate concentrations in summer. Nutrient levels since 1995 do not show a significant upward trend. The current water quality status indicates that the river system is in poor condition. The majority of sites fall in the Turkish water classification class II-III and more than half fail the EU standards because of high nutrient concentrations. In order to improve the status of water quality to achieve good chemical and ecological status, there is clearly a need to improve pollution control within the river system by installing waste water treatment plants, while keeping the agricultural pollution to a minimum in the system.

关键词： Nutrients Nitrate Orthophosphate Agriculture Wastewater Waste Water Treatment Plants

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Ancient European Lakes: Reservoirs of Hidden Microbial Diversity? The Case of Lake Pamvotis (NW Greece)

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Open Journal of Ecology 2018年第10期8卷 537-578页

作者： Anastasia Touka Katerina Vareli Maria Igglezou Nikolaos Monokrousos Dimitrios Alivertis John M. Halley Sotiris hadjikakou Stathis Frillingos Ioannis Sainis Interscience Molecular Oncology Laboratory (iMol) Cancer Biobank Center (UICBC) University of Ioannina Ioannina Greece Department of Biological Applications and Technology School of Health Sciences University of Ioannina Ioannina Greece Department of Chemistry Section of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry University of Ioannina Ioannina Greece Department of Medicine School of Health Sciences Laboratory of Biological Chemistry University of Ioannina Ioannina Greece

Ancient European lakes are clustered within a radius of 300 km around Lake Ohrid. Information concerning microbial diversity in these lakes is limited. We studied diversity of the dominant prokaryotic phylotypes in the sediments in one of these lakes, known as Lake Pamvotis. The analysis was performed in samples from two stations for four seasons of the same year. DNA extraction followed by PCR amplification (16S rDNA), Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis, cloning and sequencing was applied in order to reveal the sequence signatures of the dominant bacterial and archaeal phylotypes. Bacterial and archaeal cell numbers were quantified by real-time PCR. Several environmental variables measured in parallel, including pH, Nickel, Chromium, Arsenic, Calcium, Total Nitrogen and Total Carbon, were found to affect strongly the prokaryotic abundances. Most of the identified sequences of Bacteria belong to Proteobacteria and most of the sequences of Archaea belong to Euryarchaeota. The great majority of these bacterial (84.21%) and archaeal sequences (95.65%) have no cultivated counterparts in the databases. In addition, many of these bacterial (50.88%) and archaeal sequences (20.65%) correspond to potentially new species. Six of the bacterial sequences constitute a new class of Cyanobacteria which we have named “Lake Pamvotis cluster” (LPC). Our findings highlight Lake Pamvotis as a habitat for several previously unidentified species of Bacteria and Archaea.

关键词： Ancient Lakes Lake Pamvotis Bacteria Archaea

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