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Blocking the Metabolism of Starch Breakdown Products in Arabidopsis Leaves Triggers Chloroplast Degradation

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Molecular Plant 2009年第6期2卷 1233-1246页

作者： michaela Stettler Simona Eicke Tabea Mettler Gaelle Messerli Stefan Hortensteiner Samuel C. Zeeman Department of Biology ETH Zurich CH-8092 Zurich Switzerland Institute of Plant Biology University of Zurich CH-8008 Zurich Switzerland Present address: Max Planck Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology Potsdam-Golm 14476 Germany Present address: Johnson & Johnson Medical CH-8957 Spreitenbach Switzerland

In most plants, a large fraction of photo-assimilated carbon is stored in the chloroplasts during the day as starch and remobilized during the subsequent night to support metabolism. Mutations blocking either starch synthesis or starch breakdown in Arabidopsis thaliana reduce plant growth. Maltose is the major product of starch breakdown exported from the chloroplast at night. The maltose excess 1 mutant （mex1）, which lacks the chloroplast envelope maltose transporter, accumulates high levels of maltose and starch in chloroplasts and develops a distinctive but previously unexplained chlorotic phenotype as leaves mature. The introduction of additional mutations that prevent starch synthesis, or that block maltose production from starch, also prevent chlorosis of mex1. In contrast, introduction of mutations in disproportionating enzyme （DPE1） results in the accumulation of maltotriose in addition to maltose, and greatly increases chlorosis. These data suggest a link between maltose accumulation and chloroplast homeostasis. Microscopic analyses show that the mesophyll cells in chlorotic mex1 leaves have fewer than half the number of chloroplasts than wild-type cells. Transmission electron microscopy reveals autophagy-like chloroplast degradation in both mex1 and the dpe1/mex1 double mutant. Microarray analyses reveal substantial reprogramming of metabolic and cellular processes, suggesting that organellar protein turnover is increased in mex1, though leaf senescence and senescence-related chlorophyll catabolism are not induced. We propose that the accumulation of maltose and malto-oligosaccharides causes chloroplast dysfunction, which may by signaled via a form of retrograde signaling and trigger chloroplast degradation.

关键词： Carbohydrate metabolism photosynthesis senescence chloroplast biology Arabidopsis autophagy.

A quantum cascade laser infrared spectrometer for CO_2 stable isotope analysis：Field implementation at a hydrocarbon contaminated site under bio-remediation

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2016年第2期28卷 60-74页

作者： Christophe Guimbaud Cécile Noel Michel Chartier Valéry Catoire michaela Blessing Jean Christophe Gourry Claude Robert Laboratoire de Physique et de Chimie de l'Environnement et de l'Espace (LPC2E) CNRS et Universite d'Orleans (UMR 7328)45071 Orleans cedex 2 France Bureau de Recherches Geologiques et Minieres (BRGM) 45060 Orleans cedex 2 France

Real-time methods to monitor stable isotope ratios of CO_2 are needed to identify biogeochemical origins of CO_2 emissions from the soil–air interface. An isotope ratio infra-red spectrometer（IRIS） has been developed to measure CO_2 mixing ratio with δ~13C isotopic signature, in addition to mixing ratios of other greenhouse gases（CH_4, N2_O）. The original aspects of the instrument as well as its precision and accuracy for the determination of the isotopic signature δ~13C of CO_2 are discussed. A first application to biodegradation of hydrocarbons is presented, tested on a hydrocarbon contaminated site under aerobic bio-treatment. CO_2 flux measurements using closed chamber method is combined with the determination of the isotopic signature δ~13C of the CO_2 emission to propose a non-intrusive method to monitor in situ biodegradation of hydrocarbons. In the contaminated area, high CO_2 emissions have been measured with an isotopic signature δ~13C suggesting that CO_2 comes from petroleum hydrocarbon *** first field implementation shows that rapid and accurate measurement of isotopic signature of CO_2 emissions is particularly useful in assessing the contribution of contaminant degradation to the measured CO_2 efflux and is promising as a monitoring tool for aerobic bio-treatment.

关键词： Isotope ratio infrared spectrometry Isotopic signature δ^(13)C of CO_2 Biodegradation monitoring Hydrocarbons BTEX

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Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells migrate to healthy and damaged salivary glands following stem cell infusion

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International Journal of Oral Science 2014年第3期6卷 154-161页

作者： Silke Schwarz Ralf Huss michaela Schulz-Siegmund Breda Vogel Sven Brandau Stephan Lang Nicole Rotter Department of Otorhinolaryngology Ulm University Medical Center Apceth Munich Germany Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology University of Leipzig Department of Otorhinolaryngology University of Duisburg–Essen

Xerostomia is a severe side effect of radiation therapy in head and neck cancer patients. To date, no satisfactory treatment option has been established. Because mesenchymal stem cells（MSCs） have been identified as a potential treatment modality, we aimed to evaluate stem cell distribution following intravenous and intraglandular injections using a surgical model of salivary gland damage and to analyse the effects of MSC injections on the recruitment of immune cells. The submandibular gland ducts of rats were surgically ligated. Syngeneic adult MSCs were isolated, immortalised by simian virus 40（SV40） large T antigen and characterized by flow cytometry. MSCs were injected intravenously and intraglandularly. After 1, 3 and 7 days, the organs of interest were analysed for stem cell recruitment. Inflammation was analysed by immunohistochemical staining. We were able to demonstrate that, after intravenous injection, MSCs were recruited to normal and damaged submandibular glands on days 1, 3 and 7. Unexpectedly, stem cells were recruited to ligated and non-ligated glands in a comparable manner. After intraglandular injection of MSCs into ligated glands, the presence of MSCs, leucocytes and macrophages was enhanced, compared to intravenous injection of stem cells. Our data suggest that injected MSCs were retained within the inflamed glands, could become activated and subsequently recruited leucocytes to the sites of tissue damage.

关键词： duct ligation mesenchymal stem cells submandibular gland injury xerostomia

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Endoscopic findings in patients with Schatzki rings:Evidence for an association with eosinophilic esophagitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第47期18卷 6960-6966页

作者： michaela Müller Alexander J Eckardt Annette Fisseler-Eckhoff Susanne Haas Ines Gockel Till Wehrmann Department of Gastroenterology German Diagnostic ClinicD-65191 WiesbadenGermany Department of Pathology Dr.Horst-Schmidt-Kliniken65199 WiesbadenGermany Department of General and Abdominal Surgery University Medical CenterThe Johannes Gutenberg University55131 MainzGermany

AIM:To investigate endoscopic findings in patients with Schatzki rings(SRs) with a focus on evidence for eosinophilic esophagitis(EoE).METHODS:We consecutively approached all adult patients scheduled for elective outpatient upper endoscopy for a variety of indications at the German Diagnostic Clinic,Wiesbaden,Germany between July 2007 and July *** patients with endoscopically diagnosed SRs,defined as thin,symmetrical,mucosal structures located at the esophagogastric junction,were prospectively *** endoscopic findings,clinical information and histopathological findings with a focus on esophageal eosinophilia(≥ 20 eosinophils/high power field) were *** criteria for active EoE were defined as:(1) eosinophilic tissue infiltration ≥ 20 eosinophils/hpf;(2) symptoms of esophageal dysfunction;and(3) exclusion of other causes of esophageal *** reflux disease was excluded by proton pump inhibitor treatment prior to *** presence of ≥ 20 eosinophils/hpf in esophageal biopsies in patients that did not fulfil the criteria of EoE was defined as esophageal ***:A SR was diagnosed in 171(3.3%;128 males,43 females,mean age 66 ± 12.9 years) of the 5163 patients that underwent upper *** of the 116 patients(17%) from whom esophageal biopsies were obtained showed histological hypereosinophilia(≥ 20 eosinophils/hpf).Nine of these patients(8 males,1 female,mean age 49 ± 10 years) did not fulfill all diagnostic criteria of EoE,whereas in 11(9%) patients with ≥ 20 eosinophils/hpf,a definite diagnosis of EoE was *** of the 11 patients(27%) with definite EoE had no suspicious endoscopic features of *** contrast,in the 25 patients in whom EoE was suspected by endoscopic features,EoE was only confirmed in 7(28%) *** with EoE were younger(mean age 41.5 ± 6.5 vs 50.5 ± 11.5 years,P = 0.012),were more likely to have a history of allergies(73% vs 29%,P = 0.007

关键词：嗜酸性粒细胞食管癌患者证据平均年龄组织病理学关联质子泵抑制剂

Pilot Study on the Intercalibration of a Categorisation System for FAIRer Digital Objects Related to Sensitive Data in the Life Sciences

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Data Intelligence 2022年第2期4卷 196-211页

作者： Christian Ohmann Romain David Mónica Cano Abadia Florence Bietrix Jan-Willem Boiten Steve Canham Maria Luisa Chiusano Walter Dastrù Arnaud Laroquette Dario Longo michaela Theresia Mayrhofer Maria Panagiotopoulou Audrey Richard Pablo Emilio Verde Coordination Centre for Clinical Trials Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf Ringgold standard institution European Clinical Research Infrastructure Network (ECRIN) 2. European Research Infrastructure on Highly Pathogenic Agents (ERINHA AISBL) 3. Biobanking and Biomolecular Resources Research Infrastructure (BBMRI) 4. European Infrastructure for Translational Medicine (EATRIS) 5. European Advanced Translational Research Infrastructure (EATRIS)/Lygature European Marine Biological Resource Centre (EMBRC)—Department of Agricultural Sciences University Federico II of Naples via Università Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences Molecular Imaging Center University of Torino European Marine Biological Resource Centre (EMBRC) 9. European Research Infrastructure for Biological and Biomedical Imaging (Euro-Bio Imaging)

Sharing sensitive data is a specific challenge for research infrastructures in the field of life sciences. For that reason a toolbox has been developed, providing resources for researchers who wish to share and use sensitive data, to support the workflows for handling these kinds of digital objects. Common and community approved annotations are required to be compliant with FAIR principles(Findability, Accessibility,Interoperability, Reusability). The toolbox makes use of a tagging(categorisation) system, allowing consistent labelling and categorisation of digital objects, in terms relevant to data sharing tasks and activities. A pilot study was performed within the Horizon 2020 project EOSC-Life, in which 2 experts from 6 life sciences research infrastructures were recruited to independently assign tags to the same set of 10 to 25 resources related to sensitive data management and data sharing(in total 110). Summary statistics of agreement and observer variation per research infrastructure are provided. The pilot study has shown that experts were able to attribute tags but in most cases with a considerable observer variation between experts. In the context of CWFR(Canonical Workflow Frameworks for Research), this indicates the necessity for careful definition,evaluation and validation of parameters and processes related to workflow descriptions. The results from this pilot study were used to tackle this issue by revising the categorisation system and providing an updated version.

关键词： Categorisation system CWFR EOSC-Life FAIR Life sciences Sensitive data Tagging Toolbox

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“危机”解除,数字广告引领乐观未来

国际品牌观察 2022年第2期 33-36页

作者： michaela Jefferson 骆佳不详

近几年以来,行业关于“投放广告的ROI越来越低”的言论不绝于耳,但新的数据显示,在过去的五年中,ROI一直在上升。计量经济学公司Magic Numbers的一份新报告显示,网络广告的发展是广告营销支出的投资回报率增长之背后驱动因素。在《神秘... 详细信息

近几年以来,行业关于“投放广告的ROI越来越低”的言论不绝于耳,但新的数据显示,在过去的五年中,ROI一直在上升。计量经济学公司Magic Numbers的一份新报告显示,网络广告的发展是广告营销支出的投资回报率增长之背后驱动因素。在《神秘博士》《豪斯医生》或《24小时》这些周播剧集中,每一集都是一个小故事,但角色之间却串联起了整个情节。每周发生的事情形成了整体的起承转合:问题出现、结论推导和整个旅程。

关键词：计量经济学网络广告数据显示投资回报率起承转合 ROI 驱动因素数字广告

Efficacy and tolerability of a single-pill combination of telmisartan/ hydrochlorothiazide 80/25 mg in Chinese and Korean patients with moderate to severe hypertension： a subgroup analysis of a randomized, double-blind, active-controlled trial

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Chinese Medical Journal 2013年第21期126卷 4072-4077页

作者： Zhu Ding-liang Gao Ping-jin Liu Shao-wen Jeong, Myung Ho Mattheus, michaela Voelker, Birgit Shanghai Ruijin Hosp Shanghai Inst Hypertens Shanghai 200025 Peoples R China Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ Coll Med Shanghai Peoples Hosp 1 Dept Cardiol Shanghai 200080 Peoples R China Chonnam Natl Univ Hosp Heart Res Ctr Kwangju South Korea Boehringer Ingelheim Int GmbH Ingelheim Germany

Background Hypertension is an important issue in Asia, responsible for up to 66% of cardiovascular disease cases. This randomized controlled trial subgroup analysis compared telmisartan 80 mg （T80）/hydrochlorothiazi... 详细信息

关键词： Chinese hydrochlorothiazide hypertension Korean single-pill combination telmisartan

Humus-Rich Compost Increases Lettuce Growth, Nutrient Uptake, Mycorrhizal Colonisation, and Soil Fertility

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Pedosphere 2019年第2期29卷 170-179页

作者： Zakaria M.SOLAIMAN Hongjun YANG Deb ARCHDEACON Orna TIPPETT michaela TIBI Andrew S.WHITELEY SoilsWest UWA School of Agriculture and Environment and the UWA Institute of Agriculture Faculty of Science The University of Western Australia College of Resources and Environment Southwest University C-Wise

Sandy soils, typical of Australia's west, either have little or no habitat protection for microbes including arbuscular mycorrhizal(AM) fungi, which are essential for nutrient cycling. To minimize this problem, the application of organic matter, such as humus-rich composts, is necessary during vegetable crop production. This study aimed at determining the effects of humus-rich composts on either indigenous or inoculated AM fungal colonisation in roots, lettuce(Lactuca sativa L. var. Quechua) growth, and soil fertility improvement. Four different humus-rich composts with varying humus contents were applied at the same standard rate to lettuce grown under glasshouse conditions for 10 weeks after sowing and compared with two low-humus composts and non-amended soil(control). Humus-rich composts significantly increased lettuce shoot growth, root growth, and AM fungal colonisation in roots. Humus contents in the composts were also correlated with lettuce shoot and root growth. Soil dissolved organic carbon, microbial biomass carbon, and fertility were increased with the application of humus-rich composts. These humus-rich composts, especially the compost of higher humic acid with and without AM inoculation, might have a significant role in sustainable vegetable production, for example lettuce growth. Overall, the results indicate that supplementation with humus-rich compost is highly beneficial to enhance soil fertility and potentially maintain the sustainability of vegetable production.

关键词： arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi humus nitrogen phosphorus vegetable production

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广告,应以推动品牌长期增长为要义

国际品牌观察 2022年第21期 43-45页

作者： michaela Jefferson 骆佳

通过广告来拉近消费者与品牌的距离,建立亲近感,方能促进品牌获得长期业绩增长,这是System 1多年来的研究所揭示的结论,也是宝洁公司长期实践的结果,而创意作为推动品牌增长核心力量的地位再度被提及并被强化。

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