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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第7期19卷 1417-1418页

作者： Jonathan Witton Erica S.brady michael T.Craig Department of Clinical and biomedical Sciences Faculty of Health and Life SciencesUniversity of ExeterExeterEnglandUK Gladstone Institute for Neurological Disease San FranciscoCAUSA School of Psychology and Neuroscience College of MedicalVeterinary and Life SciencesUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowScotlandUK

Dementia is a devastating syndrome characterized by memory problems,confusion,and behavior changes that prevent people from performing everyday *** is the leading cause of dependency and disability amongst older people,resulting in a global economic cost of ~$1.3 *** 58 million people are currently afflicted by dementia worldwide,with Alzheimer s disease(AD) causing most(60-70%) of these cases.

关键词： Alzheimer everyday performing

Application of a simplified ADM1 for full-scale anaerobic co-digestion of cattle slurry and grass silage:assessment of input variability

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2024年第4期18卷 125-139页

作者： Sofia Tisocco Sören Weinrich Gary Lyons michael Wills Xinmin Zhan Paul Crosson Civil Engineering College of Science and EngineeringUniversity of GalwayGalwayH91 TK33Ireland Teagasc Animal and bioscience Research Department Animal and Grassland Research and Innovation CentreDunsanyC15 PW93Ireland biochemical Conversion Department Deutsches Biomasseforschungszentrum gemeinnützige GmbHLeipzig 04347Germany Faculty of Energy·building Services·Environmental Engineering Münster University of Applied SciencesSteinfurt 48565Germany Agri-Food and biosciences Institute HillsboroughBT266DRUK Ryan Institute University of GalwayGalwayH91 TK33Ireland MaREI Research Centre for Energy Climate and MarineRyan InstituteUniversity of GalwayGalwayH91 TK33Ireland

Mathematical modeling of anaerobic digestion is a powerful tool to predict gas yields and optimize the *** Anaerobic Digestion Model No.1(ADM1)is a widely implemented model for this ***,modeling full-scale biogas plants is challenging due to the extensive substrate and parameter characterization *** study describes the modification of the ADM1 through a simplification of individual process phases,characteristic components and required ***,the ability of the simplified model to simulate the co-digestion of grass silage and cattle slurry was evaluated using data from a full-scale biogas *** impacts of substrate composition(crude carbohydrate,protein and lipid concentration)and variability of carbohydrate degradability on simulation results were assessed to identify the most influential *** indicated that the simplified version was able to depict biogas and biomethane production with average model efficiencies,according to the Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency(NSE)coefficient,of 0.70 and 0.67,respectively,and was comparable to the original ADM1(average model efficiencies of 0.71 and 0.63,respectively).The variability of crude carbohydrate,protein and lipid concentration did not significantly impact biogas and biomethane output for the data sets *** contrast,carbohydrate degradability seemed to explain much more of the variability in the biogas and methane ***,the application of simplified models provides a reliable basis for the process simulation and optimization of full-scale agricultural biogas plants.

关键词： ADM1 Agricultural feedstocks biogas technology Input variability Parameter estimation

black hole shadows in Einstein-bel-Robinson gravity

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第5期48卷 272-283页

作者： b.Hamil b.C.Lütfüoğlu Laboratoire de Physique Mathématique et Subatomique Facultédes Sciences ExactesUniversitéConstantine 1ConstantineAlgeria Department of Physics University of Hradec KrálovéRokitanského 6250003 Hradec KrálovéCzechia

Gravity models given by higher-order scalar curvature corrections are believed to bear important consequences. Einstein-bel-Robinson (EbR) gravity with quartic curvature modification motivated Sajadi et al. to explore static spherically symmetric black hole solutions using perturbative methods. In this study, inspired by their work, we investigate AdS black hole shadows in EbR gravity and demonstrate how the gravity parameter alters the energy emission rate. Finally, we address the same problem in the presence of plasma, because the black holes are thought to be surrounded by a medium that changes the geodesic of photons.

关键词： black hole shadows Einstein-bel-Robinson gravity plasma

Portal vein pulsatility:An important sonographic tool assessment of systemic congestion for critical ill patients

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World Journal of Cardiology 2024年第5期16卷 221-225页

作者： Stavros Dimopoulos michael Antonopoulos Cardiac Surgery ICU Onassis Cardiac Surgery CenterKallithea 17674Greece

In this editorial we comment on the article by Kuwahara et al,published in the recent issue of the World Journal of *** this interesting paper,the authors showed a correlation between portal vein pulsatility ratio,examined by bedside ultrasonography,and prognosis of hospitalized patients with acute heart *** congestion is being notoriously underdetected in the acutely ill population with conventional methods like clinical examination,biomarkers,central venous pressure estimation and ***,congestion should be a key therapeutic target due to its deleterious effects to end organ function and subsequently patient *** flow assessment of the abdominal veins is gaining popularity worldwide,as a valuable tool in estimating comprehensively congestion and giving a further insight into hemodynamics and patient management.

关键词： Systemic congestion Organ perfusion Hemodynamics Central venous pressure Point of care ultrasound Venous excess ultrasound

bacteria colonization and gene expression related to immune function in colon mucosa is associated with growth in neonatal calves regardless of live yeast supplementation

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Journal of Animal Science and biotechnology 2024年第5期15卷 1980-1995页

作者： Koki Nishihara Clothilde Villot Lautaro Cangiano Le Luo Guan michael Steele Department of Animal biosciences Animal Science and NutritionUniversity of GuelphGuelphON N1G 1Y2Canada Department of Agricultural Food and Nutritional ScienceUniversity of AlbertaEdmonton T6G 2P5Canada Lallemand SAS Blagnac F‑31702France Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWIUSA Faculty of Land and Food Systems The University of British ColumbiaVancouverBC V6T 1Z4Canada Present Address:Department of Animal biosciences University of GuelphGuelphON N1G 2W1Canada

background As Holstein calves are susceptible to gastrointestinal disorders during the first week of life,understanding how intestinal immune function develops in neonatal calves is important to promote better intestinal *** probiotics in early life may contribute to host intestinal health by facilitating beneficial bacteria colonization and developing intestinal immune *** objective of this study was to characterize the impact of early life yeast supplementation and growth on colon mucosa-attached bacteria and host immune *** Twenty Holstein bull calves received no supplementation(CON)or Saccharomyces cerevisiae boulardii(SCb)from birth to 5 d of *** tissue biopsies were taken within 2 h of life(D0)before the first colostrum feeding and 3 h after the morning feeding at d 5 of age(D5)to analyze mucosa-attached bacteria and colon *** sequencing showed that there was no difference inαandβdiversity of mucosa-attached bacteria between day and treatment,but bacteria related to diarrhea were more abundant in the colon mucosa on D0 compared to *** addition,q PCR indicated that the absolute abundance of Escherichia coli(***)decreased in the colon mucosa on D5 compared to D0;however,that of bifidobacterium,Lactobacillus,and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii,which could competitively exclude ***,increased in the colon mucosa on D5 compared to ***-sequencing showed that there were no differentially expressed genes between CON and SCb,but suggested that pathways related to viral infection such as“Interferon Signaling”were activated in the colon mucosa of D5 compared to *** Growth affected mucosa-attached bacteria and host immune function in the colon mucosa during the first 5 d of life in dairy calves independently of SCb *** early life,opportunistic pathogens may decrease due to intestinal environmental changes by beneficial bacteria and/or host immune *** activation

关键词： Colon biopsy Dairy calves RNA-sequencing Saccharomyces cerevisiae boulardii 16S rRNA amplicon-sequencing

New perspectives on biology,disease progression,and therapy response of head and neck cancer gained from single cell RNA sequencing and spatial transcriptomics

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Oncology Research 2024年第1期32卷 1-17页

作者： GERWIN HELLER THORSTEN FUEREDER ALEXANDER michael GRANDITS ROTRAUD WIESER Division of Oncology Department of Medicine IMedical University of ViennaVienna1090Austria Ludwig boltzmann Institute for Hematology and Oncology Medical University of ViennaVienna1090Austria

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma(HNSCC)is one of the most frequent cancers *** main risk factors are consumption of tobacco products and alcohol,as well as infection with human papilloma *** therapeutic options comprise surgery,radiation,chemotherapy,targeted therapy through epidermal growth factor receptor inhibition,and immunotherapy,but outcome has remained unsatisfactory due to recurrence rates of~50%and the frequent occurrence of second *** availability of the human genome sequence at the beginning of the millennium heralded the omics era,in which rapid technological progress has advanced our knowledge of the molecular biology of malignant diseases,including HNSCC,at an unprecedented ***,microarray-based methods,followed by approaches based on next-generation sequencing,were applied to study the genetics,epigenetics,and gene expression patterns of bulk *** recently,the advent of single-cell RNA sequencing(scRNAseq)and spatial transcriptomics methods has facilitated the investigation of the heterogeneity between and within different cell populations in the tumor microenvironment(e.g.,cancer cells,fibroblasts,immune cells,endothelial cells),led to the discovery of novel cell types,and advanced the discovery of cell-cell communication within *** review provides an overview of scRNAseq,spatial transcriptomics,and the associated bioinformatics methods,and summarizes how their application has promoted our understanding of the emergence,composition,progression,and therapy responsiveness of,and intercellular signaling within,HNSCC.

关键词： Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma Tumor microenvironment Immunotherapy Gene expression Omics

Water Vapor Information from Satellite and Its Applications

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第1期41卷 188-189页

作者： b.J.SOHN School of Earth and Environmental Sciences Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Korea

Water vapor is a critical component of the hydrological cycle because it plays a vital role in transporting water from one part of the cycle to *** vapor evaporated from surfaces such as oceans,lakes,and rivers conden... 详细信息

关键词： motion oceans lakes

Soils in extraterrestrial space: Need for studies under microgravity

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Pedosphere 2024年第1期34卷 13-14页

作者： M.b.KIRKHAM Department of Agronomy Kansas State UniversityManhattan KS 66506USA

With the increased interest of plants in space, gravity cannot be ignored when studying soil-plant-water relations. Therefore, it is important to understand the water relations of soils under zero gravity in space or under reduced gravity on the Moon or Mars. This paper outlines the problems of moving water in soils under zero gravity or microgravity, as well as growing plants in these soils. It is suggested that microgravity experiments could be done on Earth using both soils and plants. Results from such experiments could be used to grow plants when mankind establishes bases on the Moon and Mars.

关键词： soils soil bases

Oral administration of egg white ovotransferrin prevents osteoporosis in ovariectomized rats

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第5期13卷 2562-2572页

作者： Nan Shang Xiaoyu bao michael Doschak Jianping Wu Department of Agricultural Food and Nutritional ScienceUniversity of AlbertaEdmonton T6G 2P5Canada College of Engineering China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100083China Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality Department of Nutrition and HealthyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China Faculty of Pharmacy&Pharmaceutical Sciences University of AlbertaEdmonton T6G 2H5Canada

Ovotransferrin,an iron-binding glycoprotein,accounting for approximately 12%of egg white protein,is a member of transferrin fam *** previous studies showed that ovotransferrin stimulates the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts,while inhibits osteoclastogenesis and resorption *** work aims to study the efficacy of orally administered ovotransferrin on the prevention of osteoporosis using ovariectomized(OVX)Sprague-Dawley *** administration of ovotransferrin showed no negative effect on body weight,food intake and organ *** 12-week treatment,feeding ovotransferrin at a dose of 1%(1 g ovotransferrin/100 g diet)prevented OVX-induced bone loss and maintained relatively high bone mineral density and integrated bone *** serum concentration of biomarkers indicating bone formation was increased in ovotransferrin administration groups,while the bone resorption biomarkers were *** feeding also decreased the production of serum cytokine TNF-αand IL-6,which are two stimulators for osteoclast *** addition to its direct regulatory role on bone turnover,ovotransferrin supplementation might benefit osteoporosis prevention by inhibiting adipogenesis,and regulating immune *** results suggested the potential application of ovotransferrin as a functional food ingredient on the prevention of osteoporosis.

关键词： Ovotransferrin Ovariectomized(OVX)rats bone mineral density bone microarchitecture bone resorption Inflammation

Use of donepezil for neurocognitive recovery after brain injury in adult and pediatric populations:a scoping review

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第8期19卷 1686-1695页

作者： Avery L.Miller Nathan K.Evanson J.michael Taylor University of Cincinnati College of Medicine CincinnatiOHUSA Department of Pediatrics University of CincinnatiCincinnatiOHUSA Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine University of CincinnatiCincinnatiOHUSA Division of Pediatric Rehabilitation Medicine Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical CenterCincinnatiOHUSA Division of Neurology Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical CenterCincinnatiOHUSA

There are few pharmacologic options for the treatment of cognitive deficits associated with traumatic brain injury in pediatric *** inhibitors such as donepezil have been evaluated in adult patients after traumatic brain injury,but relatively less is known about the effect in pediatric *** goal of this review is to identify knowledge gaps in the efficacy and safety of acetylcholinesterase inhibito rs as a potential a djuvant treatment fo r neurocognitive decline in pediatric patients with traumatic brain *** queried PubMed to identify literature published from database inception thro ugh June 2023 desc ribing the use of donepezil in young adult traumatic brain injury and pediatric patients with predefined *** on preselected search criteria,340 unique papers we re selected for title and abstra ct ***-two reco rds were reviewed in full after eliminating preclinical studies and pape rs outside the scope of the *** adult traumatic brain injury,we review results from 14 papers detailing 227 subjects where evidence suggests donepezil is well tole rated and shows both objective and patient-reported efficacy for reducing cognitive *** children,3 pape rs report on 5 children recovering from traumatic brain injury,showing limited *** additional 15 pediatric studies conducted in populations at risk for cognitive dysfunction provide a broader look at safety and efficacy in 210 patients in the pediatric age *** its promise for efficacy in adults with traumatic brain injury and tole rability in pediatric patients,we believe further study of donepezil for children and adolescents with traumatic brain injury is warranted.

关键词： acetylcholinesterase inhibitor adult cognition donepezil pediatrics traumatic brain injury