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The tri-band high spectral resolution spectrometer with gratings in tandem for the charge-exchange recombination spectroscopy diagnostic system on HL-2A tokamak

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Plasma Science and Technology 2024年第6期26卷 103-110页

作者：刘亮余德良马倩何小斐 Maarten DE BOCK Manfred von HELLERMANN michael walsh 陈文锦何小雪魏彦玲张能李栋魏会领 the HL-2A Team Southwestern Institute of Physics Chengdu 610041People’s Republic of China College of Physics and Optoelectronic Technology Baoji University of Arts and SciencesBaoji 721000People’s Republic of China ITER Organization Route de Vinon-sur-VerdonCS 90046St.Paul Lez Durance Cedex 13067France Fusion Spectroscopy Markgraf-Albrecht Str.14Berlin 10711Germany

Charge-exchange(CX) recombination spectroscopy is a powerful tool monitoring ion temperature and plasma rotation with good temporal and spatial resolutions. A compact, new design for a high-throughput, tri-band high spectral resolution spectrometer has been developed for the charge-exchange recombination spectroscopy measurement on the HL-2A tokamak. The simultaneous measurements of He II(468.57 nm), C VI(529.1 nm), and Dα(656.1 nm accompanied by beam emission spectra) with an acquisition frequency up to 400 Hz are achieved by vertically binning the spectrum from each fiber in experiments. Initial results indicate that the system can provide radial profiles of not only ion temperature and rotation velocity,but also concentration of carbon. For the case of helium, the measurements for the ion temperature and rotation velocity are straightforward but the apparent concentration associated with the observed CX intensity is obviously too high. Modeling of the active He II CX feature including plume contributions needs to be carried out to extract the true helium *** spectrometer could become a prototype for the ITER charge-exchange recombination spectroscopy diagnostic and the pilot experiments, as presented here, demonstrate the possibility of impurity concentrations measurements based on the combined measurement of local beam emission and charge-exchange recombination spectroscopy spectra.

关键词： CXRS ion temperature plasma rotation impurity concentration

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PM2.5： global progress in controlling the motor vehicle contribution

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2014年第1期8卷 1-17页

作者： michael Patrick walsh International Consultant Arlington VA 22207 USA

It is well established that ambient particles in the size range of 2.5 microns or less case a wide variety of adverse health effects. According to a recent study from the World Health Organization, in 2010 these effects resulted in approximately 3.2million premature deaths with vehicles being one of the significant contributors. Diesel vehicle particulate emissions which are virtually all smaller than 2.5 microns raise additional special concerns due to their carcinogenicity and high ratio of black carbon （BC） to organic carbon; black carbon has recently been found to be the second most important contributor to climate change after carbon dioxide. Other pollutants emitted by diesels and other vehicles such as the oxides of nitrogen and volatile organic compounds also contribute to ambient particulate matter smaller than 2.5 microns in size （PM2.5） after undergoing secondary transformations in the atrno- sphere. Technologies have dramatically reduce vehicle been developed that can emissions when clean, low sulfur fuels are available and these technologies are being phased in throughout the industrialized world resulting in a global decrease in particulate matter （PM） and BC emissions from vehicles. However the vehicle population is growing rapidly in the developing world, leading to increases in emissions in many countries. Unless these rapidly industrializing countries move to state of the art vehicles and clean fuels, global PM, BC and NOx emissions from road vehicles will start to turn up over the next 10 to 15 years.

关键词： particulate black carbon climate change,diesels

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An Overview of Forensic Linguistics:Language and the Law

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当代外语研究 2011年第12期 32-44页

作者： michael walsh University of Sydney

In this paper I want to give some idea of the scope of Forensic linguistics and then provide some illustrative examples that result from the curious discursive encounters found in Australian Aboriginal land claims and Native Title *** is more usual in a courtroom or other legal context to have the particular discourse of lawyers coming into contact with that of *** Australian Aboriginal land claims and Native Title cases,however,there is a wider range of discursive *** include the discourse of Australian Aborigines some of whom are non-literate which is unused to non-Aboriginal people of any *** one would expect,there is the discourse of the law which purports to be on an inquiry to uncover the *** as we shall see,this ideology must be questioned when we look more closely at the practice of the law. There are then the discourses of various kinds of expert witnesses,including anthropologists,archaeologists,historians and *** further complicate matters,a crucial part of these cases is for Aboriginal claimants to establish a spiritual connection to the tracts of land they are seeking to *** effect religious beliefs of a kind quite foreign to most of the nonAboriginal participants in the case must be examined,debated and evaluated,so this will require a search for other kinds of truth.

关键词：英语教学教学方法阅读教学阅读知识

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On localization with robust power control for safety critical wireless sensor networks

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控制理论与应用（英文版） 2011年第1期9卷 83-92页

作者： michael J. walsh Anthony FEE John BARTON Brendan O'FLYNN Martin J. HAYES Cian O'MATHUNA Clarity Center for Web Technologies Microsystems Centre-Tyndall National Institute Lee MaltingsUniversity College CorkCorkIreland Wireless Access Research Center University of LimerickLimerickIreland

A hybrid methodology is proposed for use in low power, safety critical wireless sensor network applications, where quality-of-service orientated transceiver output power control is required to operate in parallel with radio frequency-based localization. The practical implementation is framed in an experimental procedure designed to track a moving agent in a realistic indoor environment. An adaptive time synchronized approach is employed to ensure the positioning technique can operate effectively in the presence of dataloss and where the transmitter output power of the mobile agent is varying due to power control. A deterministic multilateration-based positioning approach is adopted and accuracy is improved by filtering signal strength measurements overtime to account for multipath fading. The location estimate is arrived at by employing least-squares estimation. Power control is implemented at two separate levels in the network topology. First, power control is applied to the uplink between the tracking reference nodes and the centralized access point. A number of algorithms are implemented highlighting the advantage associated with using additional feedback bandwidth, where available, and also the need for effective time delay compensation. The second layer of power control is implemented on the uplink between the mobile agent and the access point and here quantifiable improvements in quality of service and energy efficiency are observed. The hybrid paradigm is extensively tested experimentally on a fully compliant 802.15.4 testbed, where mobility is considered in the problem formulation using a team of fully autonomous robots.

关键词： Wireless sensor network Power control Localization

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玉米立茬与粉碎秸秆覆盖对生长季土壤呼吸的影响（英文）

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农业工程学报 2018年第8期34卷 146-155页

作者：贾洪雷李森森王刚张宇刘慧力 michael J.walsh 吉林大学生物与农业工程学院长春130022 吉林大学工程仿生教育部重点实验室长春130022 吉林大学电子科学与工程学院长春130012 康奈尔大学生物与环境工程系美国纽约伊萨卡14853

农田土壤呼吸(Rs)是全球CO_2循环的重要组成部分,生长季土壤呼吸对于作物的产量有巨大的影响,同时,作物残茬的覆盖模式会影响土壤呼吸。该文应用了粉碎秸秆覆盖地表(SH)和立茬覆盖地表(ST)是两种主流的作物残茬覆盖地表模式,自2000年起... 详细信息

农田土壤呼吸(Rs)是全球CO_2循环的重要组成部分,生长季土壤呼吸对于作物的产量有巨大的影响,同时,作物残茬的覆盖模式会影响土壤呼吸。该文应用了粉碎秸秆覆盖地表(SH)和立茬覆盖地表(ST)是两种主流的作物残茬覆盖地表模式,自2000年起,玉米收获之后,在试验地块施用这2种作物残茬覆盖地表的模式。自2013年开始,在试验地块测量每年冬季的土壤结冻深度,积雪的厚度与CO_2通量,土壤温度与湿度。总土壤呼吸分为异养呼吸(HR)和根际呼吸(RR),该文使用放射性碳标记技术和数学方程计算异养呼吸和根际呼吸的CO_2通量。试验结果显示,与SH处理相比,ST处理地表平均积雪厚度可以增加44%,最大土壤冻深降低18%,并且冻土完全融化的时间将提前10到27 d。ST与SH的平均CO_2通量分别为16.55和14.02 mmol/m^2h。对于整个生长季,SH与ST的土壤呼吸差别在生长季开始和结束时期较小,在生长季的中期较大。ST的平均Rs比SH多3.3 mmol/m^2h,在ST中,HR是Rs的主要构成部分,而RR只约占总土壤呼吸10%。冗余分析结果显示,Rs和HR与土壤温度和积雪厚度呈正相关,与冻土深度呈负相关。该文的研究结果显示相比较于粉碎秸秆残茬覆盖,立茬覆盖地表有利于提高生长季的土壤呼吸,可为玉米的光合作用提供较多CO_2,这将有利于作物增产。

关键词：土壤呼吸土壤水分立茬覆盖粉碎残茬覆盖生长季节异养呼吸根际呼吸

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Use of motor learning principles to improve motor adaptation in adult obesity

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Health 2012年第12期4卷 1428-1433页

作者： Simone V. Gill michael K. walsh Boston University Department of Occupational Therapy Boston USA College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences Sargent College Department of Occupational Therapy Boston USA

Obesity is an epidemic in the United States, and weight loss is key component to overcoming the problem. However, the risk of falling and injury in the obese population may hinder their engagement in the amount and intensity of physical activity needed to lose weight. The risks of falling and injury have been attributed to differences in temporospatial walking parameters, musculoskeletal structure, and cognitive processing: all of which affect the obese population’s ability to adapt while walking. We have proposed that an intervention using motor learning principles with an implicit learning task could improve the adaptive abilities of obese individuals during movement and thus, allow for safer participation in physical activity during weight loss interventions.

关键词： Obesity Walking Adaptation Motor Learning

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日本手游《旅行青蛙》蹿红中国

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新世纪智能 2018年第Z3期 4-9页

作者： michael walsh

一只爱旅行的青蛙,让一款仅有日语版的免费手游在中国一蹿而红。这款游戏名为《旅行青蛙》,主要人物就是一只青蛙,它喜欢在日本各地旅游,玩家收集青蛙院子里生长的三叶草,以此购买青蛙旅行所需的物品。作为回报,青蛙会送给玩家各种纪念... 详细信息

一只爱旅行的青蛙,让一款仅有日语版的免费手游在中国一蹿而红。这款游戏名为《旅行青蛙》,主要人物就是一只青蛙,它喜欢在日本各地旅游,玩家收集青蛙院子里生长的三叶草,以此购买青蛙旅行所需的物品。作为回报,青蛙会送给玩家各种纪念品,以及旅游时拍的照片。至于青蛙去哪里旅行,玩家则不能控制。游戏不会展现青蛙的旅行过程,玩家也看不到——你基本上只能往它们的背包里装上午餐和各种用品,然后它就会消失几个小时。有时候,你的青蛙也可能一去几天。

关键词：纪念品下载量

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治理机动车排放改善空气质量

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绿色中国 2013年第3期 14-15页

作者： michael walsh

最近,在恶劣的天气条件下,北京和中、东部地区很多城市都经历了严重的空气污染。数个空气质量监测点都出现PM2.5爆表的情况。这种前所未有的严重污染引发了国内外媒体的广泛关注和报道,很多市民也纷纷通过微博表达了对恶劣空气质量的不满。

关键词：空气质量机动车排放治理 PM2 5 天气条件空气污染东部地区严重污染

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让学生为进入各个行业做好准备--图书馆在虚拟合作世界的作用

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高校图书馆工作 2008年第1期28卷 9-10页

作者： michael walsh[美] 罗晓鸣(整理) 美国化学会销售总监不详

1为何工业企业（科学应用型）对员工和新雇候选者有高的期待和标准

关键词：虚拟合作图书馆核心竞争力工业企业世界行业学生生产技能

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Estimating the subsolar magnetopause position from soft X-ray images using a low-pass image filter

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第1期8卷 173-183页

作者： Hyangpyo Kim Hyunju K.Connor Jaewoong Jung Brian M.walsh David Sibeck Kip D.Kuntz Frederick S.Porter Catriana K.Paw U Rousseau A.Nutter Ramiz Qudsi Rumi Nakamura michael Collier Space Research Institute Austrian Academy of Sciences8042 GrazAustria Geophysical Institute University of Alaska FairbanksFairbanksAlaska 99775USA National Aeronautics and Space Administration(NASA)Goddard Space Flight Center GreenbeltMaryland 20771USA Astronomy Department University of Maryland College ParkCollege ParkMaryland 20742USA Center for Space Physics Boston UniversityBostonMassachusetts 02215USA Department of Physics and Astronomy Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMaryland 21218USA Howard University WashingtonDC 20059USA

The Lunar Environment heliospheric X-ray Imager(LEXI)and Solar wind Magnetosphere Ionosphere Link Explorer(SMILE)missions will image the Earth’s dayside magneto pause and cusps in soft X-rays after their respective launches in the near future,to specify glo bal magnetic reconnection modes for varying solar wind *** suppo rt the success of these scientific missions,it is critical to develop techniques that extract the magnetopause locations from the observed soft X-ray *** this research,we introduce a new geometric equation that calculates the subsolar magnetopause position(RS)from a satellite position,the look direction of the instrument,and the angle at which the X-ray emission is *** assumptions are used in this method:(1)The look direction where soft X-ray emissions are maximized lies tangent to the magnetopause,and(2)the magnetopause surface near the subsolar point is almost spherical and thus RSis nea rly equal to the radius of the magneto pause *** create synthetic soft X-ray images by using the Open Geospace General Circulation Model(OpenGGCM)global magnetohydrodynamic model,the galactic background,the instrument point spread function,and Poisson *** then apply the fast Fourier transform and Gaussian low-pass filte rs to the synthetic images to re move noise and obtain accurate look angles for the soft X-ray pea *** the filte red images,we calculate RS and its accuracy for different LEXI locations,look directions,and solar wind densities by using the OpenGGCM subsolar magnetopause location as ground *** method estimates RS with an accuracy of10 *** accuracy improves for greater solar wind densities and during southward interplanetary magnetic *** method ca ptures the magnetopause motion during southwa rd interplaneta ry magnetic field ***,the technique will enable quantitative analysis of the magnetopause motion and help reveal the daysi

关键词： soft X-ray magnetopause reconnection low-pass filter LEXI SMILE

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