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Electrobiocorrosion by microbes without outer-surface cytochromes

mLife 2024年第1期3卷 110-118页

作者： Dawn E.Holmes Trevor L.Woodard Jessica A.smith Florin Musat Derek r.Lovley Department of Microbiology University of Massachusetts AmherstAmherstMassachusettsUSA Department of Physical and Biological Science Western New England UniversitySpringfieldMassachusettsUSA Department of Biomolecular Sciences Central Connecticut State UniversityNew BritainConnecticutUSA Department of Biology Section for MicrobiologyAarhus UniversityAarhusDenmark Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Facuity of Biology and GeologyBabes-Bolyai UniversityCluj-NapocaRomania

Anaerobic microbial corrosion of iron-containing metals causes extensive economic *** microbes are capable of direct metal-to-microbe electron transfer(electrobiocorrosion),but the prevalence of electrobiocorrosion among diverse methanogens and acetogens is poorly understood because of a lack of tools for their genetic *** studies have suggested that respiration with 316L stainless steel as the electron donor is indicative of electrobiocorrosion,because,unlike pure Fe^(0),316L stainless steel does not abiotically generate H_(2) as an intermediary electron ***,we report that all of the methanogens(Methanosarcina vacuolata,Methanothrix soehngenii,and Methanobacterium strain IM1)and acetogens(Sporomusa ovata and Clostridium ljungdahli)evaluated respired with pure Fe^(0)as the electron donor,but only ***,***,and *** were capable of stainless steel *** electrobiocorrosive methanogens re-quired acetate as an additional energy source in order to produce methane from stainless *** of *** and *** demonstrated how acetogens can provide acetate to methanogens during *** only was Meth-anobacterium strain IM1 not capable of electrobiocorrosion,but it also did not accept electrons from Geobacter metal-lireducens,an effective electron-donating partner for direct interspecies electron transfer to all methanogens that can directly accept electrons from Fe^(0).The finding that ***,***,and *** are capable of electrobiocorrosion,despite a lack of the outer-surface c-type cytochromes previously found to be important in other electrobiocorrosive microbes,demonstrates that there are multiple microbial strategies for making electrical contact with Fe^(0).

关键词： acetogen corrosion Fe^(0) methanogen stainless steel

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Age and sex specific timing, frequency, and spatial distribution of horseshoe crab spawning in Delaware Bay:Insights from a large-scale radio telemetry array

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Current Zoology 2010年第5期56卷 563-574页

作者： David r.smith Lorne J.BrOUSSEAU Mary T. MANDT michael J.MILLArD USGS Leetown Science Center Cornell University Cooperative Extension U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service

To study horseshoe crab Limulus polyphemus spawning behavior and migration over a large-spatial extent （〉100 km）, we arrayed fixed station radio receivers throughout Delaware Bay and deployed radio transmitters and archival tags on adult horseshoe crabs prior to their spawning season. We tagged and released 160 females and 60 males in 2004 and 217 females in 2005. The array covered approximately 140 km of shoreline. recapture rates were 〉70% with multi-year recaptures. We categorized adult age by carapace wear. Older females tended to spawn earlier in the season and more frequently than young females, but those tendencies were more apparent in 2004 when spawning overall occurred earlier than in 2005 when spawning was delayed possibly due to decreased water temperatures. Timing of initial spawning within a year was correlated with water temperature. After adjusting for day of first spring tide, the day of In＇st spawning was 4 days earlier for every 1 degree （℃） rise in mean daily water temperature in May. Seventy nine % of spawning occurred during nighttime high tides. Fifty five % of spawning occurred within 3 d of a spring tide, which was slightly higher than the 47% expected if spawning was uniformly distributed regardless of tidal cycle. Within the same spawning season, males and females were observed spawning or intertidally resting at more than one beach separated by 〉5 kin. Between years, most （77%） did not return to spawn at the same beach. Probability of stranding was strongly age dependent for males and females with older adults experiencing higher stranding rates. Horseshoe crabs staging in the shallow waters east of the channel spawned exclusively along the eastern （N J） shoreline, but those staging west of the channel spawned throughout the bay. Overall, several insights emerged from the use of radio telemetry, which advances our understanding of horseshoe crab ecology and will be useful in conserving the Delaware Bay horseshoe crab population and habita

关键词： Spawning behavior Marine arthropod Xiphosurid Limulus polyphemus Delaware Bay radio telemetry

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Zika virus from a Southeast Asian perspective

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2017年第1期10卷 1-5页

作者： Nitwara Wikan Duncan r.smith Institute of Molecular Biosciences Mahidol UniversityThailand Center for Emerging and Neglected Infectious Diseases Mahidol UniversityThailand

Phylogenic evidence suggests that the strain of Zika virus causing an unprecedented outbreak of disease in the Americas had its origin in Southeast Asia,where reports of isolated cases of Zika virus infection have occurred since 2010,Why there has been no large outbreak of Zika infection in Southeast Asia remains unclear and whether such an outbreak will occur in the future is a question of significant concern,This review looks at Zika virus from a Southeast Asian perspective and highlights some of the possible scenarios with regards to Zika virus in this part of the world as well as highlighting some of the research questions that need to be urgently addressed.

关键词： Aedes Flavivirus Transmission Urban Sylvatic

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A randomized controlled trial of Promoting Physical Activity in regional and remote Cancer Survivors(PPArCS)

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第1期13卷 81-89页

作者： Sarah J.Hardcastle Chloe Maxwell-smith Vinicius Cavalheri Terry Boyle Marta Leyton román Cameron Platell michael Levitt Christobel Saunders Frank Sardelic Sophie Nightingale Jacob McCormick Craig Lynch Paul A.Cohen Max Bulsara Dana Hince Sport and Physical Activity research Centre Sheffield Hallam UniversitySheffieldS102BPUK Institute for Health research The University of Notre DameFremantleWA 6959Australia Curtin School of Population Health Curtin UniversityPerthWA 6845Australia Curtin School of Allied Health Curtin UniversityPerthWA 6845Australia Allied Health South Metropolitan Health ServiceMurdochWA 6150Australia Australian Centre for Precision Health University of South AustraliaAdelaideSA 5001Australia Department of Didactics of Musical Plastic and Body ExpressionUniversity of ExtremaduraCaceres 10071Spain St.John of God Subiaco Hospital PerthWA 6008Australia Department of Surgery University of MelbourneMelbourneVIC 3010Australia Tamara Private Hospital TamworthNSW 2340Australia Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre MelbourneVIC 3000Australia College of Health and Medicine Australian National UniversityCanberraACT 2600Australia Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Medical SchoolUniversity of Western AustraliaPerthWA 6009Australia

Background:Physical activity(PA)is important for cancer *** of remotely delivered interventions are needed to assist in reaching under-served non-metropolitan cancer *** objective of this study was to ascertain whether wearable technology,coupled with health coaching was effective in increasing PA in breast and colorectal cancer survivors living in regional and remote areas in ***:Cancer survivors from 5 states were randomized to intervention and control *** participants were given a Fitbit Charge 2TMand received up to 6 telephone health coaching *** participants received PA print *** assessments at baseline and 12 weeks measured moderate-to-vigorous PA(MVPA),light PA,and sedentary ***:Eighty-seven participants were recruited(age=63±11 years;74(85%)female).There was a significant net improvement in MVPA of 49.8 min/week,favoring the intervention group(95%confidence interval(95%CI):13.6-86.1,p=0.007).There was also a net increase in MVPA bouts of 39.5 min/week(95%CI:11.9-67.1,p=0.005),favoring the intervention *** groups improved light PA and sedentary behavior,but there were no between-group ***:This’s the first study to demonstrate that,when compared to standard practice(i.e.,PA education),a wearable technology intervention coupled with distance-based health coaching,improves MVPA in non-metropolitan cancer *** results display promise for the use of scalable interventions using smart wearable technology in conjunction with phone-based health coaching to foster increased PA in geographically disadvantaged cancer survivors.

关键词： Behavior change Exercise Health disparities Oncology Wearable technology

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Plasmonic-enhanced electrochemical detection of volatile biomarkers with gold functionalized TiO_2 nanotube arrays

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2018年第6期34卷 905-913页

作者： Dhiman Bhattacharyya Pankaj Kumar York r.smith Swomitra K.Mohanty Mano Misra Department of Metallurgical Engineering University of Utah Department of Chemical Engineering University of Utah

Titania nanotubular arrays （TNA） synthesized via electrochemical anodization is a stable and versatile material, widely studied for photocatalytic and sensing applications, whereas nano-sized gold particles are a known plasmonic material. Semiconductor-metal nanocomposites in isolated, embedded, or encapsulated form, when irradiated with proper light frequency can exhibit localized surface plasmon resonance （LSPr） effect. This effect can result in improved light adsorption and electrical properties of a material. In this study, we report the enhanced visible light photo-response of LSPr induced volatile organic biomarker vapor sensing at room temperature using a Au-embedded TNA electrochemical sensor. Two mechanisms are proposed. One based on classical physics （band theory）, which explains operation under non-irradiated conditions. The second mechanism is based on the coupling of classical and quantum physics （molecular orbitals）, and explains sensor operation under irradiated conditions.

关键词： TiO2 nanotube arrays Au particles Surface plasmon resonance Electrochemical sensor

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Statistical evaluation of 571 GaAs quantum point contact transistors showing the 0.7 anomaly in quantized conductance using cryogenic on-chip multiplexing

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Chip 2024年第3期3卷 21-28页

作者： Pengcheng Ma Kaveh Delfanazari reuben K.Puddy Jiahui Li Moda Cao Teng Yi Jonathan P.Griffiths Harvey E.Beere David A.ritchie michael J.Kelly Charles G.smith Cavendish Laboratory Department of PhysicsUniversity of CambridgeCambridge CB30HEUK James Watt School of Engineering University of GlasgowGlasgow G128QQUK Electrical Engineering Division University of CambridgeCambridge CB30FAUK

Themass production and the practical number of cryogenic quantum devices producible in a single chip are limited to the number of electrical contact pads and wiring of the cryostat or dilution *** is,therefore,beneficial to contrast themeasurements of hundreds of devices fabricated in a single chip in one cooldown process to promote the scalability,integrability,reliability,and reproducibility of quantum devices and to save evaluation time,cost and ***,we used a cryogenic on-chip multiplexer architecture and investigated the statistics of the 0.7 anomaly observed on the first three plateaus of the quantized conductance of semiconductor quantum point contact(QPC)*** single chips contain 256 split gate field-effect QPC transistors(QFET)each,with two 16-branch multiplexed source-drain and gate pads,allowing individual transistors to be selected,addressed and controlled through an electrostatic gate voltage process.A total of 1280 quantum transistors with nano-scale dimensions are patterned in 5 different chips of GaAs *** the measurements of 571 functioning QFETs taken at temperatures T[1.4 K and T[40 mK,it is found that the spontaneous polarisation model and Kondo effect do not fit our ***,some of the features in our data largely agreed with van Hove model with short-range *** approach provides further insight into the quantum mechanical properties and microscopic origin of the 0.7 anomaly in QFETs,paving the way for the development of semiconducting quantum circuits and integrated cryogenic electronics,for scalable quantum logic control,readout,synthesis,and processing applications.

关键词： Cryogenic chip Cryogenic quantum multiplexer Semi-conductor quantum integrated circuit Quantumﬁeld effect transistors Quantum point contacts Chip-scale cryogenic electronics

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Ultra-broadband metamaterial absorbers from long to very long infrared regime

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Light(Science & Applications) 2021年第8期10卷 1462-1473页

作者： Yu Zhou Zheng Qin Zhongzhu Liang Dejia Meng Haiyang Xu David r.smith Yichun Liu State Key Laboratory of Applied Optics Changchun Institute of OpticsFine Mechanics and PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences130033 ChangchunJilinChina. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences 100049 BeijingChina. Center for Advanced Optoelectronic Functional Materials research and Key Laboratory of UV Light-Emitting Materials and Technology of Ministry of Education College of PhysicsNortheast Normal University130024 ChangchunChina. Center for Metamaterials and Integrated Plasmonics Duke UniversityP.O.Box 90291DurhamNC 27708USA

Broadband metamaterials absorbers with high absorption,ultrathin thickness and easy configurations are in great demand for many potential *** this paper,we first analyse the coupling resonances in a Ti/Ge/Ti three-layer absorber,which can realise broadband absorption from 8 to 12 *** we experimentally demonstrate two types of absorbers based on the Ti/Ge/Si_(3)N_(4)/Ti *** taking advantage of coupling surface plasmon resonances and intrinsic absorption of lossy material Si_(3)N_(4),the average absorptions of two types of absorbers achieve almost 95%from 8 to 14μm(experiment result:78%from 6.5 to 13.5μm).In order to expand the absorption bandwidth,we further propose two Ti/Si/SiO_(2)/Ti absorbers which can absorb 92%and 87%of ultra-broadband light in the 14-30μm and 8-30μm spectral range,*** findings establish general and systematic strategies for guiding the design of metamaterial absorbers with excellent broadband absorption and pave the way for enhancing the optical performance in applications of infrared thermal emitters,imaging and photodetectors.

关键词： absorber absorption coupling

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Iron dysregulation in beta-thalassemia

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2016年第11期9卷 1013-1021页

作者： Kamonlak Leecharoenkiat Pathrapol Lithanatudom Wannapa Sornjai Duncan r.smith Department of Clinical Microscopy Faculty of Allied Health SciencesChulalongkorn University Department of Biology Faculty of ScienceChiang Mai University Molecular Pathology Laboratory.Institute of Molecular Biosciences Mahidol University

Iron deficiency anemia and iron overload conditions affect more than one billion people *** homeostasis involves the regulation of cells that export iron into the plasma and cells that utilize or store *** cellular iron balance in humans is primarily mediated by the hepcidin-ferroportin *** is the sole cellular iron export protein,and its expression is regulated transcriptionally,post-transcriptionally and ***,a hormone produced by liver cells,post-translationally regulates ferroportin expression on iron exporting cells by binding with ferroportin and promoting its internalization by endocytosis and subsequent degradation by *** of iron homeostasis leading to iron deposition in vital organs is the main cause of death in betathalassemia ***-thalassemia patients show marked hepcidin suppression,ineffective eiythropoiesis,anemia and iron ***-thalassemia is common in the Mediterranean region,Southeast Asia and the Indian subcontinent,and the focus of this review is to provide an update on the factors mediating hepcidin related iron dysregulation in beta-thalassemia *** this process may pave the way for new treatments to ameliorate iron overloading and improve the long term prognosis of these patients.

关键词： Beta-thalassemia Hepcidin Iron overload Ferroportin

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A stability evaluation method for deep-seated toppling in the upper Lancang river,Southwestern China

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Journal of rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2024年第7期16卷 2388-2410页

作者： Yibing Ning Huiming Tang Jianbing Peng Yanjun Shen John V.smith Bocheng Zhang College of Geological Engineering and Geomatics Chang’an UniversityXi’an710054China Academy of Yellow river Sciences of Shaanxi Province Chang’an UniversityXi’an710054China Badong National Observation and research Station of Geohazards China University of GeosciencesWuhan430074China School of Engineering RMIT UniversityMelbourne3001Australia

Deep-seated toppling in the upper reaches of the Lancang river,southwest China involves deformations exceeding 100 m in *** slope deformation is initiated by river downcutting and evolves distinctive characteristics with a depth of river *** this study,we propose a system for evaluating the stability of deep-seated toppled slopes in different evolutionary *** system contains identification criteria for each evolutionary stage and provides the corresponding stability evaluation *** on the mechanical and kinematic analysis of slope blocks,the specific stage of slope movement can be identified in the field through outcrop mapping,in situ tests,surface displacement monitoring,and adit and borehole *** stability evaluation methods are established based on the limiting equilibrium theory and the strain compatibility between the undisturbed zone and the toppled ***,several sample slopes in different evolution stages have been investigated to verify the applicability and accuracy of the proposed stability evaluation *** results indicate that intense tectonic activity and rapid river incision lead to a maximum principal stress ratio exceeding 10 near the slope surface,thus triggering widespread toppling deformations along the river *** considering the losses of joint cohesion during the further rotation process,the safety factor of the slope drops by 7%e28%.The self-stabilization of toppling deformation can be recognized by the layer symmetry configuration after the free rotation of the deflected *** toppled rock blocks mainly suffer sliding failures beyond the layer symmetry *** factor of safety of the K73 rockslide decreased from 1.17 to 0.87 by considering the development of the potential sliding surface and the toesaturated zone.

关键词： Stability evaluation Deep-seated toppling Evolutionary process reservoir impoundment rock slope

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Immunological evidence of Zika virus transmission in Thailand

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2016年第2期9卷 136-139页

作者： Nitwara Wikan Yupin Suputtamongkol Sutee Yoksan Duncan r.smith Prasert Auewarakul Institute of Molecular Biosciences Mahidol University Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital Mahidol University

Objective: To identify immunological evidence of Zika virus transmission in Thailand. Methods: To undertake a preliminary serosurvey of possible exposure to Zika virus, 21 serum samples from cohort of acute undifferentiated fever patients were examined for immunoreactivity to Zika, Dengue, Japanese encephalitis and Chikungunya envelope antigens by Western blot analysis. results: Twenty of the 21 serum samples showed immunoreactivity to at least one of the antigens, with seven samples showing immunoreactivity to all antigens. Of particular note, two serum samples showed immunoreactivity only to Zika envelope antigen, with no immunoreactivity to other envelope antigens. Conclusions: This study presents the first evidence of Zika virus transmission in Thailand, although as yet the relationship between transmission and possible cases of Zika fever in Thailand requires further investigation.

关键词： Emerging infectious diseases Serosurvey Thailand Zika virus

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