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中文版五条目杜克大学宗教指数量表的内部一致性和重测信度(英文)

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上海精神医学 2014年第5期26卷 300-309页

作者：陈晗晖王志忠费立鹏孙艳丽程辉 Shanghai Mental Health Center Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Ningxia Medical University

背景:杜克大学宗教指数量表(DUREL)是一个应用广泛的宗教性评估量表,包含五个条目。目的:评估DUREL中文修订版的内部一致性、信度和因子结构。方法:宁夏回族自治区是中国西北部的一个省,其人口的34%是信奉伊斯兰教的回族。我们利用概率... 详细信息

背景:杜克大学宗教指数量表(DUREL)是一个应用广泛的宗教性评估量表,包含五个条目。目的:评估DUREL中文修订版的内部一致性、信度和因子结构。方法:宁夏回族自治区是中国西北部的一个省,其人口的34%是信奉伊斯兰教的回族。我们利用概率比例规模的抽样方法,在20个基本抽样单位中随机选出了有合适居民的3981户。3054户完成了筛查访谈并随机选出了一名成年家庭成员;2425名受访者完成了调查(包括DUREL),平均在2.5天后,188名随机选中的被试再次完成了该调查。结果:全体样本中五个条目的内部一致性(Cronbach'sα)为0.90;在依据民族、城市与农村居住地、和文化程度中位数之上下分层的被试亚组中,其值为0.70到0.90。全样本中总分的重测信度(组内相关系数)为0.87;其值在不同被试亚组中为0.63到0.90。在随机的一半样本中,探索性因子分析确定为单一因子(特征根=4.21),解释总变异的84%。在另外一半的样本中,验证性因子分析证实了单维模型;使用五条目计分的一个因子模型的模型拟合指标是可以接受的(比较拟合指数[CFI]和塔克-刘易斯指数[TLI]>0.99;近似误差均方根[RMSEA]=0.105;χ2=70.49,df=5),但是将条目1和条目2(分别评估组织和个体的宗教活动)的相关作为第六个观察变量添加后,模型拟合度有改善(CFI和TLI>0.99;RMSEA=0.046;χ2=14.32,df=4)。结论:中文版DUREL是一个评估宗教性的可信有效措施,可以用于评估中国受访者的宗教性/信仰与身心健康之间的关系。正如其他研究者建议,我们的因子分析结果表明总分是该量表提取的最好指标,而不是原作者建议的三个维度的评分。

关键词：宗教性信度效度探索性因子分析验证性因子分析回族中国

Steatotic livers are susceptible to normothermic ischemiareperfusion injury from mitochondrial Complex-Ⅰ?dysfunction

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第19期22卷 4673-4684页

作者： michael JJ Chu Rakesh Premkumar Anthony JR Hickey Yannan Jiang Brett Delahunt Anthony RJ phillips Adam SJR Bartlett Department of Surgery University of Auckland School of Biological Sciences University of Auckland Maurice Wilkins Centre for Biodiscovery University of Auckland Department of Statistics University of Auckland Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine Wellington School of Medicine University of Otago New Zealand Liver Transplant Unit Auckland City Hospital

AIM: To assess the effects of ischemic preconditioning(IPC, 10-min ischemia/10-min reperfusion) on steatotic liver mitochondrial function after normothermic ischemia-reperfusion injury(IRI).METHODS: Sixty male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed8-wk with either control chow or high-fat/high-sucrose diet inducing > 60% mixed steatosis. Three groups(n = 10/group) for each dietary state were tested:(1) the IRI group underwent 60 min partial hepatic ischemia and 4 h reperfusion;(2) the IPC group underwent IPC prior to same standard IRI; and(3) sham underwent t h e s a m e s u r g e r y w i t h o u t I R I o r I P C. H e p a t i c mitochondrial function was analyzed by oxygraphs. Mitochondrial Complex-Ⅰ, Complex-Ⅱ enzyme activity, serum alanine aminotransferase(ALT), and histological injury were ***: Steatotic-IRI livers had a greater increase in ALT(2476 ± 166 vs 1457 ± 103 IU/L, P < 0.01) and histological injury following IRI compared to the lean liver group. Steatotic-IRI demonstrated lower Complex-Ⅰ?activity at baseline [78.4 ± 2.5 vs 116.4 ± 6.0 nmol/(*** protein), P < 0.001] and following IRI [28.0 ± 6.2 vs 104.3 ± 12.6 nmol/(*** protein), P < 0.001]. Steatotic-IRI also demonstrated impaired Complex-Ⅰ?function post-IRI compared to the lean liver IRI group. Complex-Ⅱ activity was unaffected by hepatic steatosis or IRI. Lean liver mitochondrial function was unchanged following IRI. IPC normalized ALT and histological injury in steatotic livers but had no effect on overall steatotic liver mitochondrial function or individual mitochondrial complex enzyme activities. CONCLUSION: Warm IRI impairs steatotic liver Complex-Ⅰ?activity and function. The protective effects of IPC in steatotic livers may not be mediated through mitochondria.

关键词： Mitochondrial respiration Fatty liver Liver ischemia Oxidative phosphorylation Liver injury Hepatic steatosis Ischemic preconditioning

Repeat endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreaticography after failed initial precut sphincterotomy for biliary cannulation

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第36期20卷 13153-13158页

作者： michael Pavlides Ashley Barnabas Nilesh Fernandopulle Adam A Bailey Jane Collier Jane phillips-Hughes Anthony Ellis Roger Chapman Barbara Braden Translational Gastroenterology Unit Oxford University Hospitals Oxford OX3 9DU United Kingdom Department of Radiology Oxford Uni-versity Hospitals Oxford OX3 9DU United Kingdom

AIM: To investigate the outcome of repeating endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreaticography (ERCP) after initially failed precut sphincterotomy to achieve biliary cannulation.

关键词： Mortality Post-endoscopic retrograde cholangio-pancreaticography pancreatitis Precut sphincterotomy Endoscopic retrograde cholangio-pancreaticography Choledocholithiasis

Circular smooth muscle contributes to esophageal shortening during peristalsis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第32期18卷 4317-4322页

作者： Anil K Vegesna Keng-Yu Chuang Ramashesai Besetty Steven J phillips Alan S Braverman Mary F Barbe michael R Ruggieri Larry S Miller Department of Medicine Section of GastroenterologyHofstra Northshore Long Island Jewish HospitalHofstra University School of MedicineManhassetNY 11030United States Department of Medicine Section of GastroenterologyTemple University School of MedicinePhiladelphiaPA 19140United States Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology Temple University School of MedicinePhiladelphiaPA 19140United States Department of Urology Temple University School of MedicinePhiladelphiaPA 19140United States Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology and Department of Urology Temple University School of MedicinePhiladelphiaPA 19140United States

AIM:To study the angle between the circular smooth muscle(CSM) and longitudinal smooth muscle(LSM) fibers in the distal ***:In order to identify possible mechanisms for greater shortening in the distal compared to proximal esophagus during peristalsis,the angles between the LSM and CSM layers were measured in 9 *** outer longitudinal layer of the muscularis propria was exposed after stripping the outer *** inner circular layer of the muscularis propria was then revealed after dissection of the esophageal mucosa and the underlying muscularis *** of each specimen were taken with half of the open esophagus folded back showing both the outer longitudinal and inner circular muscle *** were measured every one cm for 10 cm proximal to the squamocolumnar junction(SCJ) by two independent *** human esophagi were obtained from organ transplant donors and the angles between the circular and longitudinal smooth muscle layers were measured using micro-computed tomography(micro CT) and Image J ***:All data are presented as mean ± *** CSM to LSM angle at the SCJ and 1 cm proximal to SCJ on the autopsy specimens was 69.3 ± 4.62 degrees vs 74.9 ± 3.09 degrees,P = *** CSM to LSM angle at SCJ were statistically significantly lower than at 2,3,4 and 5 cm proximal to the SCJ,69.3 ± 4.62 degrees vs 82.58 ± 1.34 degrees,84.04 ± 1.64 degrees,84.87 ± 1.04 degrees and 83.72 ± 1.42 degrees,P = 0.013,P = 0.008,P = 0.004,P = 0.009 *** CSM to LSM angle at SCJ was also statistically significantly lower than the angles at 6,7 and 8 cm proximal to the SCJ,69.3 ± 4.62 degrees vs 80.18 ± 2.09 degrees,81.81 ± 1.75 degrees and 80.96 ± 2.04 degrees,P = 0.05,P = 0.02,P = 0.03 *** CSM to LSM angle at 1 cm proximal to SCJ was statistically significantly lower than at 3,4 and 5 cm proximal to the SCJ,74.94 ± 3.09 degrees vs 84.04 ± 1.64 degrees,84.87 ± 1.04 degrees and 83.72 ± 1.42 degrees,P =

关键词： Esophageal shortening Gastroesophageal junction Circular smooth muscle Gastroesophageal reflux disease Esophageal contraction

Effect of Stress-Adaptation on Antibiotic Sensitivity Profiles of <i>Campylobacter jejuni</i>

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Advances in Microbiology 2013年第1期3卷 76-82页

作者： Geetha S. Kumar-phillips Irene Hanning michael Slavik Department of Food Science and Technology University of Tennessee Knoxville USA Department of Poultry Science University of Arkansas Fayetteville USA

Campylobacter jejuni is one of the leading causes of human gastroenteritis. Campylobacter jejuni requires special conditions and media in the laboratory for its growth. In nature, however, this organism is able to survive in very diverse and hostile environments and produce disease in humans and animals. The different mechanisms by which C. jejuni survives stressful conditions in the environment still remain unclear. Stress-adaptation may be one of the factors helping this organism to survive stresses. Some C. jejuni strains have been found to have increased antibiotic resistance in last several years. To determine the effect of acid adaptation on the antibiotic sensitivity profile of C. jejuni, 4 different isolates of C. jejuni (a human isolate and 3 poultry isolates) were exposed to an acid pH of 5.5 and then rechallenged with different stresses. The antibiotic sensitivity profiles of C. jejuni after stress-adaptation were compared with antibiotic sensitivity profiles of non-stressed C. jejuni using the Kirby Bauer agar disc diffusion assay. The antibiotic sensitivity profiles of the C. jejuni isolates used in this study were found to change when the acidadapted bacteria were subjected to further stresses such as an acidic pH of 4.5, aerobic atmosphere and starvation. In the majority of the cases, antibiotic-resistant C. jejuni isolates were found to be more sensitive to antibiotics after stress-adaptation, but in a few cases C. jejuni showed increased resistance. These results indicate that increasing various stresses in a sequential pattern may, in some cases, reduce antibiotic resistance of C. jejuni isolates.

关键词： Campylobacter jejuni Stress Stress-Adaptation Antibiotic Resistance Antibiotics

Mental health and quality of life burden in Buruli ulcer disease patients in Ghana

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2021年第4期10卷 93-94页

作者： Yaw Ampem Amoako Nancy Ackam John-Paul Omuojine michael Ntiamoah Oppong Abena Gyawu Owusu-Ansah Harriet Boateng Mohammed Kabiru Abass George Amofa Elizabeth Ofori Portia Boakye Okyere michael Frimpong Freddie Bailey David Hurst Molyneux Richard Odame phillips Kumasi Centre for Collaborative Research in Tropical Medicine Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and TechnologyKumasiGhana 不详

Background Buruli ulcer disease(BUD)is a necrotic skin neglected tropical disease(NTD)that has both a mental and physical health impact on affected *** there is increasing evidence suggesting a strong association between neglected tropical diseases(NTDs)and mental illness,there is a relative lack of information on BUD’s impact on the mental health and quality of life(QoL)of affected individuals in *** study is to assess the impact of BUD on mental health and quality of life of patients with active and past BUD infection,and their *** We conducted a case control study in 3 BUD endemic districts in Ghana between August and November ***-to-face structured questionnaire-based interviews were conducted on BUD patients with active and past infection,as well as caregivers of BUD patients using WHO Quality of Life scale,WHO Disability Assessment Schedule,Self-Reporting Questionnaire,Buruli Ulcer Functional Limitation Score and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale data *** statistics were used to summarize the characteristics of the study *** groups were compared using student t test and chi-square(χ2)or Fisher’s exact *** quality of life scores are reported with their respective 95%confidence *** was analysed using STATA statistical *** Our results show that BUD patients with active and past infection,along with their caregivers,face significant levels of distress and mental health sequelae compared to ***(P=0.003)was more common in participants with active(27%)and past BU infection(17%),compared to controls(0%).Anxiety was found in 42%(11/26)and 20%(6/29)of participants with active and past BUD infection compared to 14%(5/36)of *** of life was also significantly diminished in active BUD infection,compared to *** the physical health domain,mean QoL scores were 54±11.1 and 56±11.0(95%CI:49.5‒58.5 and 52.2‒59.7)respectively for p

关键词： Mental health Depression Anxiety Quality of life Buruli ulcer disease Neglected tropical disease

甘肃省天水市18岁及以上人群精神障碍流行病学调查

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中国心理卫生杂志 2010年第3期24卷 183-190页

作者：丁志杰王刚平裴根祥管让成何蕊芳费立鹏李献云张永录汪东明洪贵子杜鹤宇白爱萍李刚王小全魏长礼李宏王军甘肃省天水市精神病医院甘肃天水741000 北京回龙观医院北京心理危机研究与干预中心北京100096

目的:了解甘肃省天水市成年人群精神障碍的患病率及分布特点。方法:采用多阶段分层整群抽样方法随机抽取甘肃省天水市≥18岁人群11359人为调查对象,用扩展的一般健康问卷(GHQ-12)进行筛查,将调查对象分为精神障碍高、中、低危险3组,然... 详细信息

目的:了解甘肃省天水市成年人群精神障碍的患病率及分布特点。方法:采用多阶段分层整群抽样方法随机抽取甘肃省天水市≥18岁人群11359人为调查对象,用扩展的一般健康问卷(GHQ-12)进行筛查,将调查对象分为精神障碍高、中、低危险3组,然后用美国精神障碍诊断与统计手册(DSM-IV)轴Ⅰ障碍定式临床检查患者版对3组人群进行诊断检查。将计算出的患病率进行调整并推广至天水230万成年人口。结果:10249人完成调查,调整后精神障碍总的现患率(最近1个月)为17.90%(95%CI为15.72%～20.32%);患病率前三位分别是酒精使用障碍(3.16%)、重性抑郁障碍(2.73%)和未特定焦虑障碍(2.67%)。男性精神障碍总的现患率为15.85%,女性为20.08%;农村为17.33%,城市为20.59%;男女、农村与城市之间精神障碍总的现患率差异无统计学意义[OR(95%CI)分别为0.75(0.52～1.07)和0.81(0.57～1.15)],但酒精使用障碍男性的现患率高于女性(6.00%vs.0.14%,OR=45.59,95%CI:17.98～115.57),农村居民低于城市居民(2.43%vs.6.57%,OR=0.35,95%CI:0.15～0.85)。在有精神障碍的人群中,功能损害程度为中等到严重者占37.10%,但仅8.58%的患者曾经因心理问题在医疗机构就诊,并且仅5.29%曾经就诊于精神科。结论:甘肃省天水市精神障碍的患病率较高。酒精使用障碍和重性抑郁是特别需要关注的问题。

关键词：精神障碍患病率甘肃省现况调查

Novel data-driven subtypes and stages of brain atrophy in the ALS-FTD spectrum

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Translational Neurodegeneration 2023年第1期12卷 50-69页

作者： Ting Shen Jacob W.Vogel Jeffrey Duda Jeffrey S.phillips Philip ACook James Gee Lauren Elman Colin Quinn Defne A.Amado michael Baer Lauren Massimo Murray Grossman David J.Irwin Corey T.McMillan Penn Frontotemporal Degeneration Center Department of NeurologyPerelman School of MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA 19104USA Department of Clinical Sciences SciLifeLabLund University22242 LundSweden Penn Image Computing and Science Lab(PICSL) Department of RadiologyPerelman School of MedicineUniversity of Penn-sylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA 19104USA Department of Neurology Perelman School of MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA 19104USA Digital Neuropathology Laboratory Department of NeurologyPerelman School of MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA 19104USA.

Background TDP-43 proteinopathies represent a spectrum of neurological disorders,anchored clinically on either end by amyotrophic lateral sclerosis(ALS)and frontotemporal degeneration(FTD).The ALS-FTD spectrum exhibits a diverse range of clinical presentations with overlapping phenotypes,highlighting its *** study was aimed to use disease progression modeling to identify novel data-driven spatial and temporal subtypes of brain atrophy and its progression in the ALS-FTD *** We used a data-driven procedure to identify 13 anatomic clusters of brain volume for 57 behavioral variant FTD(bvFTD;with either autopsy-confirmed TDP-43 or TDP-43 proteinopathy-associated genetic variants),103 ALS,and 47 ALS-FTD patients with likely TDP-43.A Subtype and Stage Inference(SuStaIn)model was trained to identify subtypes of individuals along the ALS-FTD spectrum with distinct brain atrophy patterns,and we related subtypes and stages to clinical,genetic,and neuropathological features of *** SuStaIn identified three novel subtypes:two disease subtypes with predominant brain atrophy in either prefrontal/somatomotor regions or limbic-related regions,and a normal-appearing group without obvious brain *** limbic-predominant subtype tended to present with more impaired cognition,higher frequencies of pathogenic variants in TBK1 and TARDBP genes,and a higher proportion of TDP-43 types B,E and *** contrast,the prefrontal/somatomotor-predominant subtype had higher frequencies of pathogenic variants in C9orf72 and GRN genes and higher proportion of TDP-43 type *** normal-appearing brain group showed higher frequency of ALS relative to ALS-FTD and bvFTD patients,higher cognitive capacity,higher proportion of lower motor neuron onset,milder motor symptoms,and lower frequencies of genetic pathogenic *** overall SuStaIn stages also correlated with evidence for clinical progression including longer disease duration,higher King’s stage,and cog

关键词： Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis Frontotemporal degeneration Disease heterogeneity SuStaIn model

On Multi-Level Thinking and Scientific Understanding

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2017年第10期34卷 1150-1158页

作者： michael Edgeworth McINTYRE Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics University of CambridgeCambridge CB3 0WAUnited Kingdom.

Professor Duzheng YE＇s name has been familiar to me ever since my postdoctoral years at MIT with Professors Jule CHARNEY and Norman phillips, back in the late 1960 s. I had the enormous pleasure of meeting Professor YE personally in 1992 in Beijing. His concern to promote the very best science and to use it well, and his thinking on multi-level orderly human activities, reminds me not only of the communication skills we need as scientists but also of the multi-level nature of science itself. Here I want to say something（a） about what science is;（b） about why multi-level thinking—and taking more than one viewpoint—is so important for scientific as well as for other forms of understanding; and（c） about what is meant, at a deep level, by ＂scientific understanding＂ and trying to communicate it, not only with lay persons but also across professional disciplines. I hope that Professor YE would approve.

关键词： communication skills cross-disciplinary communication scientific understanding unconscious assumptions multiple viewpoints brain hemispheres biological evolution