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China Foundry 2011年第1期8卷 101-106页

作者： J.Lelito p.Zak J.S.Suchy W.Krajewski A.L.Greer p.Darlak Department of Foundry Engineering processes AGH University of Science and Technology Department of Materials Science & Metallurgy University of Cambridge Foundry Institute

The grain density,Nv,in the solid state after solidification of AZ91/SiC composite is a function of maximum undercooling,ΔT,of a liquid *** type of function depends on the characteristics of heterogeneous nucleation sites and number of SiC present in the *** aim of this paper was selection of parameters for the model describing the relationship between the grain density of primary phase and *** model in connection with model of crystallisation,which is based on chemical elements diffusion and grain interface kinetics,can be used to predict casting quality and its *** models have parameters,which exact values are usually not known and sometimes even their physical meaning is under *** parameters can be obtained after mathematical analysis of the experimental *** composites with 0,1,2,3 and 4wt.% of SiC particles were *** AZ91 alloy was a matrix of the composite reinforcement SiC *** composite was cast to prepare four different thickness *** were taken from the region near to the thermocouple,to analyze the undercooling for different composites and thickness plates and its influence on the grain *** microstructure and thermal analysis gave set of values that connect mass fraction of SiC particles,and undercooling with grain *** values were used to approximate nucleation model adjustment *** model can be very useful in modelling composites microstructure.

关键词： heterogeneous nucleation mass fraction of SiC particles AZ91/SiC composite grain density mathematical modelling

The effect of social context and social scale on the perception of relationships in monk parakeets

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Current Zoology 2015年第1期61卷 55-69页

作者： Elizabeth A. HOBSON Darlene J. JOHN Tiffany L. MCINTOSH michael L. AVERY Timothy F. WRIGHT National Institute for Mathematical and Biological Synthesis University of Tennessee Knoxville TN 37996-3410 USA Department of Biology New Mexico State University Las Cruces NM 88003USA USDA Wildlife Services National Wildlife Research Center Gainesville FL 32641USA

Social relationships formed within a network of interacting group members can have a profound impact on an indi- vidual＇s behavior and fitness. However, we have little understanding of how individuals perceive their relationships and how this perception relates to our external measures of interactions. We investigated the perception of affiliative and agonistic relation- ships at both the dyadic and emergent social levels in two captive groups of monk parakeets （Myiopsitta monachus, n = 21 and 19） using social network analysis and playback experiments. At the dyadic social scale, individuals directed less aggression to- wards their strong affiliative partners and more aggression towards non-partner *** the emergent social scale, there was no association between relationships in different social contexts and an individual＇s dominance rank did not correlate with its popularity rank. playback response pattems were mainly driven by relationships in affiliative social contexts at the dyadic scale. In both groups, individual responses to playback experiments were significantly affected by strong affiliative relationships at the dyadic social scale, albeit in different directions in the two groups. Response pattems were also affected by affiliative relation- ships at the emergent social scale, but only in one of the two groups. Within affiliative relationships, those at the dyadic social scale were perceived by individuals in both groups, but those at the emergent social scale only affected responses in one group. These results provide preliminary evidence that relationships in affiliative social contexts may be perceived as more important than agonistic relationships in captive monk parakeet groups. Our approach could be used in a wide range of social species and comparative analyses could provide important insight into how individuals perceive relationships across social contexts and social scales [Current Zoology 61 （1）： 55-69, 2015].

关键词： Affiliative Agonistic Dominance Eigenvector centrality Emergent social property Myiopsitta monachus parrot popularity Rank Social network analysis

In vitro antibacterial activity of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis flower extract against human pathogens

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Asian pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2012年第5期2卷 399-403页

作者： Ruban p Gajalakshmi K School of Marine Sciences Department of Oceanography and Coastal Area StudiesAlagappa University Department of plant Biology and plant Biotechnology PSGR Krishnammal College for Women

Objective:To access the in vitro antibacterial activity of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis(***-sinensis) flower extract against human ***:Antibacterial activity was evaluated by using disc and agar diffusion *** protein was run through poly acrylmide gel electrophoresis to view their protein ***:The results showed that the cold extraction illustrates a maximum zone of inhibition against Bacillus suhtillis(***),Escherichia coli(***) viz.,(17.00±2.91),(14.50±1.71)*** by hot extraction *** ***(11.66 ±3.14),(10.60±3.09)*** methanol extraction showed a highest zone of inhibition recorded against ***,*** as(18.86±0.18),(18.00±1.63) mm pursued by ethanol extraction shower) utmost zone of inhibition recorded against Salmonella ***(20.40±1.54) *** crude protein from flower showed a maximum inhibitory zone observed against Salmonella sp.,*** viz.,(16.55±1.16),(14.30±2.86)*** flower material can be taken as an alternative source of antibacterial agent against the human ***:The extracts of the *** art;proved to have potential antibacterial activity,further studies arc highly need for the drug development.

关键词： in-vitro Antibacterial activity Hibiscus rosa-sinensis protein Human pathogen

Aberrant cholesterol metabolism in colorectal cancer represents a targetable vulnerability

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Genes & Diseases 2023年第4期10卷 1172-1174页

作者： Jingwu Xie Chi Mai Nguyen Anita Turk Hongmei Nan Thomas F.Imperiale michael House Kun Huang Jing Su Wells Center for pediatric Research Department of PediatricsIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIN 46202USA Department of Statistics and Data Science Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIN 46202USA Division of Medical Oncology Department of MedicineIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIN 46202USA Department of Global Health Richard M.Fairbanks School of Public HealthIndiana UniversityIndianapolisIN 46202USA Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of MedicineIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIN 46202USA Department of Surgery Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIN 46202USA

Colorectal cancer(CRC)is the second most deadly adult cancer in men and women combined,accountable 9.2%of all cancer deaths.^(1)Drug resistance to chemotherapies,such as 5-FU-related regimens,remains a major cause of cancer recurrence and death in patients with *** metabolic changes in cancer cells are a significant cancer hallmark.

关键词： metabolism cancer colorectal

美国疾病预防和控制中心报告：医院内获得性感染在减少

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英国医学杂志中文版 2015年第5期18卷 249-250页

作者： michael McCarthy 陈丽西雅图中华预防医学杂志编辑部

据美国疾病预防和控制中心（CDC）1月14日发布的报告称，2013年美国几乎所有与感染性疾病相关的国家级医院中，中央导管相关血流感染率有了明显下降，降幅达46％。但是，医院感染控制的努力并未达到国家卫生和人类服务部于2009年提出的... 详细信息

据美国疾病预防和控制中心（CDC）1月14日发布的报告称，2013年美国几乎所有与感染性疾病相关的国家级医院中，中央导管相关血流感染率有了明显下降，降幅达46％。但是，医院感染控制的努力并未达到国家卫生和人类服务部于2009年提出的五年工作目标。

关键词：疾病预防控制中心感染医院

Surgical or medical treatment of obesity-associated type 2 diabetesan increasing clinical conundrum

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第10期15卷 2036-2040页

作者： Ryan J Jalleh Karen L Jones Md Shahidul Islam Lu Cai michael Horowitz Adelaide Medical School and Centre of Research Excellence in Translating Nutritional Science to Good Health University of Adelaide Endocrine and Metabolic Unit Royal Adelaide HospitalAdelaide 5000South AustraliaAustralia Department of Biochemistry School of Life SciencesUniversity of KwaZulu-NatalDurban 4000KwaZulu-NatalSouth Africa pediatric Research Institute Departments of PediatricsRadiation OncologyPharmacology and ToxicologyUniversity of LouisvilleWendy Novak Diabetes InstituteNorton Children’s HospitalLouisvilleKY 40202United States

In this editorial,we comment on the article by He et al,specifically in relation to the efficacy of bariatric surgery vs glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist(GLp-1RA)therapy in the management of type 2 diabetes(T2D)associated with *** surgery has now also been shown to be safe and effective in pre-teens and teenagers with obesity and T2D,but information on newer GLp-1RAs in these groups is predictably *** older individuals(age>65 years),both bariatric surgery and GLp-1RA therapy improve cardiovascular ***-tric surgery is not infrequently associated with post-operative postprandial hypoglycemia,which is not the case with GLp-1RAs and,paradoxically,there is evidence that GLp-1RAs may reduce both the frequency and severity of postprandial *** trials of the long-term efficacy of bariatric surgery and GLp-1RAs are indicated.

关键词： Glucagon-like peptide-1 Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist Obesity Diabetes Weight loss Bariatric surgery Metabolic surgery Hypoglycemia

performance and uncertainty analysis of a short-term climate reconstruction based on multi-source data in the Tianshan Mountains region,China

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Journal of Arid Land 2020年第3期12卷 374-396页

作者： LI Xuemei Slobodan p SIMONOVIC LI Lanhai ZHANG Xueting QIN Qirui Faculty of Geomatics Lanzhou Jiaotong UniversityLanzhou 730070China National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Technologies and Applications for National Geographic State Monitoring Lanzhou 730070China Gansu provincial Engineering Laboratory for National Geographic State Monitoring Lanzhou 730070China Facility for Intelligent Decision Support Department of Civil and Environmental EngineeringWestern UniversityLondon N6A 3K7Canada State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and GeographyChinese Academy of SciencesUrumqi 830011China Qilian Alpine Ecology&Hydrology Research Station Key Laboratory of Ecohydrology of Inland River BasinNorthwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Short-term climate reconstruction,i.e.,the reproduction of short-term(several decades)historical climatic time series based on the relationship between observed data and available longer-term reference data in a certain area,can extend the length of climatic time series and offset the shortage of *** can be used to assess regional climate change over a much longer time *** on monthly grid climate data from a Coupled Model Inter-comparison project phase 5(CMIp5)dataset for the period of 1850–2000,the Climatic Research Unit(CRU)dataset for the period of 1901–2000 and the observed data from 53 meteorological stations located in the Tianshan Mountains region(TMR)of China during the period of 1961–2011,we calibrated and validated monthly average temperature(MAT)and monthly accumulated precipitation(MAp)in the TMR using the delta,physical scaling(Sp)and artificial neural network(ANN)*** and uncertainty during the calibration(1971–1999)and verification(1961–1970)periods were assessed and compared using traditional performance indices and a revised set pair analysis(RSpA)*** calibration and verification processes were subjected to various sources of uncertainty due to the influence of different reconstructed variables,different data sources,and/or different methods *** to traditional performance indices,both the CRU and CMIp5 datasets resulted in satisfactory calibrated and verified MAT time series at 53 meteorological stations and MAp time series at 20 meteorological stations using the delta and Sp methods for the period of 1961–***,the results differed from those obtained by the RSpA *** showed that the CRU dataset produced a low degree of uncertainty(positive connection degree)during the calibration and verification of MAT using the delta and Sp methods compared to the CMIp5 ***,the calibrated and verified MAp had a high degree of uncertainty(negative connection degree)regardless of the

关键词： climate reconstruction climate change delta method physical scaling method artificial neural network(ANN) CRU dataset CMIp5 dataset

RepDNet:A re-parameterization despeckling network for autonomous underwater side-scan sonar imaging with prior-knowledge customized convolution

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第5期35卷 259-274页

作者： Zhuoyi Li Zhisen Wang Deshan Chen Tsz Leung Yip Angelo p.Teixeira Department of Logistics and Maritime Studies The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityChina State Key Laboratory of Maritime Technology and Safety Wuhan University of TechnologyChina School of Transportation and Logistics Engineering Wuhan University of TechnologyChina National Engineering Research Center for Water Transport Safety Wuhan University of TechnologyChina Centre for Marine Technology and Ocean Engineering(CENTEC) Instituto Superior TecnicoUniversidade de LisboaPortugal

Side-scan sonar(SSS)is now a prevalent instrument for large-scale seafloor topography measurements,deployable on an autonomous underwater vehicle(AUV)to execute fully automated underwater acoustic scanning imaging along a predetermined ***,SSS images often suffer from speckle noise caused by mutual interference between echoes,and limited AUV computational resources further hinder noise *** approaches for SSS image processing and speckle noise reduction rely heavily on complex network structures and fail to combine the benefits of deep learning and domain *** address the problem,Rep DNet,a novel and effective despeckling convolutional neural network is *** DNet introduces two re-parameterized blocks:the pixel Smoothing Block(pSB)and Edge Enhancement Block(EEB),preserving edge information while attenuating speckle *** training,pSB and EEB manifest as double-layered multi-branch structures,integrating first-order and secondorder derivatives and smoothing *** inference,the branches are re-parameterized into a 3×3 convolution,enabling efficient inference without sacrificing *** DNet comprises three computational operations:3×3 convolution,element-wise summation and Rectified Linear Unit *** on benchmark datasets,a real SSS dataset and Data collected at Lake Mulan aestablish Rep DNet as a well-balanced network,meeting the AUV computational constraints in terms of performance and latency.

关键词： Side-scan sonar Sonar image despeckling Domain knowledge Re-parameterization

Clones or no clones：genetic structure of riparian populus euphratica forests in Central Asia

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Journal of Arid Land 2018年第5期10卷 750-766页

作者： Katja KRAMp Thomas SCHMITT petra LANG michael JESCHKE philipp SCHAFERI Dustin KULANEK ZHANG Ximing YU Ruide Frank M THOMAS Senckenberg German Entomological Institute Eberswalder StraBe 90 Muncheberg 15374 Germany Department of Zoology Faculty Natural Sciences I Institute of Biology Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg Halle (SaMe) 06099 Germany Faculty of Regional and Environmental Sciences University of Trier Campus II BehringstraBe 21 Trier 54296 Germany Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography Chinese Academy of Sciences Urumqi 830011 China Sino-German Joint Research Center for the Management of Ecosystems and Environmental Changes in Arid Lands (MEECAL) Urumqi 830011 China

Many riparian（Tugai） forests growing along rivers in arid and hyper-arid regions of Central Asia are dominated by the Euphrates poplar（populus euphratica）. Besides generative reproduction, which is only possible upon flooding events and at a distance to the groundwater of less than 2 m, this phreatophytic tree species also reproduces vegetatively by forming clones that can cover land surface areas of several hectares. Along a gradient of groundwater distances, we investigated whether the fraction of clones in p. euphratica stands（1） increases with increasing distance to the water table;（2） is higher if supplied with water via river cut-offs; and（3） approaches 100% at a short distance to the groundwater, but at high salt concentrations in the upper soil layers, which would prevent germination and establishment of seedlings. AFLp（Amplified Fragment Length polymorphism） analyses were conducted on leaf samples taken from mature p. euphratica trees growing at the fringes of the Taklimakan Desert in stands with different distances（2–12 m） to the groundwater at two plots at the middle and the lower reaches of the Tarim River and in a stand close to Ebinur Lake, Xinjiang, China. Genetic diversity was large among plots, but considerably smaller within plots. We found the highest genetic diversity（caused by regeneration from seeds） at plots that have a short distance to the groundwater or are supplied with additional water. There was no significant relationship between groundwater distance and clonal fraction. All investigated trees at the saline Ebinur Lake site belonged to one single clone. Our results demonstrate that the genetic pattern of this widespread species is not easily predictable even over small distances as it is a result of a complex interplay of stand history and dispersal of propagules（pollen, seeds, and vegetative diaspores） by wind and water. In conservation and restoration schemes, p. euphratica stands with a high genetic diversity and stands that grow at

关键词： clonality floodplain forest ground water phreatophyte population genetics rejuvenation salinity

Single cells and transposable element heterogeneity in stem cells and development

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Cell Regeneration 2021年第1期10卷 251-254页

作者： Andrew p.Hutchins Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Gene Regulation and Systems Biology Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Department of Biology School of Life SciencesSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China

Recent innovations in single cell sequencing-based technologies are shining a light on the heterogeneity of cellular populations in unprecedented ***,several cellular aspects are currently underutilized in single cell *** aspect is the expression and activity of transposable elements(TEs).TEs are selfish sequences of DNA that can replicate,and have been wildly successful in colonizing ***,most TEs are mutated,fragmentary and incapable of transposition,yet they are actively bound by multiple transcription factors,host complex patterns of chromatin modifications,and are expressed in mRNAs as part of the transcriptome in both normal and diseased *** contribution of TEs to development and cellular function remains unclear,and the routine inclusion of TEs in single cell sequencing analyses will potentially lead to insight into stem cells,development and human disease.

关键词： element utilized routine