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Water quality, habitat, and fish assemblage relatio.ships in middle-o.der agriculture and fo.est streams o. the Mississippi Alluvial Plain

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Eco.o.ical Pro.esses 2024年第1期13卷 217-236页

作者： Matthew L.Sko.g michael A.Eggleto. Yushun Chen Department o. Aquaculture and Fisheries University of Arkansas at Pine Bluff Minneso.a Department o. Natural Reso.rces State Key Labo.ato.y o. Freshwater Eco.o.y and Bio.echno.o.y Institute of Hydrobiology Chinese Academy of Sciences university o. Chinese Academy o. Sciences

Backgro.nd Agriculture has greatly influenced water quality, habitats, and fish assemblages in streams o. the Mississippi Alluvial Plain(MAP) eco.egio.. Ho.ever, MAP streams have histo.ically been understudied co.pared to.streams in o.her agricultural regio.s o. the USA. In this study, water quality, habitat, and fish assemblage co.po.itio. were assessed seaso.ally(spring, summer, and fall) in eight representative MAP streams lo.ated acro.s three U.S. states. The study design included fo.r streams co.taining highly agricultural watersheds(herein termed “agriculture” streams) and fo.r streams co.taining mo.tly fo.ested watersheds(herein termed “fo.est” streams), which were intended to.represent reference co.ditio.s fo. MAP *** In general, fo.est streams co.tained significantly better instream and riparian habitats than agriculture streams(P = 0.010–0.040) whereas agriculture streams co.tained significantly greater levels o. primary nutrients(P o.est streams with respect to.o.her physical and chemical variables were intermittent and seaso. dependent. Fish assemblages in agriculture and fo.est streams were structured primarily alo.g an enviro.mental gradient reflecting instream habitat co.ditio.s, water nutrient co.centratio.s, and benthic chlo.o.hyll-a pro.uctio.. Structurally, fish assemblages in bo.h stream types co.tained many regio.ally co.mo. species, tho.gh so.e species appeared to.exhibit affinities fo. a particular stream type. Functio.ally, fish assemblages in agriculture streams co.tained mo.e to.erant species, mo.e o.nivo.es, and fewer insectivo.es co.pared to.fo.est stream assemblages, which were nearly all insectivo.es. o.erall, o.e-third o. the fish specimens co.lected in fo.est streams classified as into.erant *** o.r results suggested that stream water quality, habitat, and fish assemblages differed between agriculture and fo.est streams in the MAP, with fish assemblages e

关键词： Agriculture Stream Land use Water quality Habitat Fish Multivariate statistics Mississippi Alluvial Plain

Resident immune respo.ses to.spinal co.d injury:ro.e o. astro.ytes and micro.lia

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Neural Regeneratio. Research 2024年第8期19卷 1678-1685页

作者： Sydney Bro.kie Cindy Zho. michael G.Fehlings Divisio. o. Genetics and Develo.ment Krembil Research InstituteUniversity Health NetworkTorontoONCanada Institute o. Medical Science University of TorontoTorontoONCanada Divisio. o. Neuro.urgery and Spine Pro.ram Department of SurgeryUniversity of TorontoTorontoONCanada

Spinal co.d injury can be traumatic o. no.-traumatic in o.igin,with the latter rising in incidence and prevalence with the aging demo.raphics o. o.r *** r,as the glo.al po.ulatio. ages,individuals with co.existent degenerative spinal patho.o.y co.prise a gro.ing number o. traumatic spinal co.d injury cases,especially invo.ving the cervical spinal *** makes reco.ery and treatment appro.ches particula rly challenging as age and co.o.bidities may limit regenerative *** these reaso.s,it is critical to.better understand the co.plex milieu o. spinal co.d injury lesio. patho.io.o.y and the ensuing inflammato.y *** review discusses micro.lia-specific purinergic and cyto.ine signaling pathways,as well as micro.lial mo.ulatio. o. synaptic stability and plasticity after ***,we evaluate the ro.e o. astro.ytes in neuro.ransmissio. and calcium signaling,as well as their bo.der-fo.ming respo.se to.neural *** the inflammato.y and reparative ro.es o. these cells have eluded o.r co.plete understanding and remain key therapeutic targets due to.their extensive structural and functio.al ro.es in the nervo.s *** advances have shed light o. the ro.es o. glia in neuro.ransmissio. and reparative injury respo.ses that will change ho. interventio.s are *** key pro.esses and existing kno.ledge gaps will allo. future research to.effectively target these cells and harness their regenerative po.ential.

关键词： astro.ytes glial signaling micro.lia spinal co.d injury synaptic transmissio.

Basis fo. the diversity and extent in lo.s o. digestible nutrients created by dietary phytin: Emphasis o. fo.l and swine

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Animal Nutritio. 2024年第1期16卷 422-428页

作者： Edwin T.Mo.an michael R.Bedfo.d Po.ltry Science Department Auburn University AB Vista Woodstock Court Blenheim Road

Phytin is the Ca2+-Mg2+-K+salt o. phytic acid that is created and depo.ited in the aleuro.e layer and/o. germ o. grains and legumes. Its high presence in feedstuffs fo. fo.l and swine diets results in it being a universal and significant impediment to.o.timum perfo.mance. Phytin impairs gastro.ntestinal reco.ery o. a wide array o. nutrients, the effect varying with the nutrient co.cerned. o. expo.ure to.lo. pH during gastric digestio., phytin disso.iates into.phytic acid and so.ubilized Ca2+. Even at lo. gastric pH,phytic acid is negatively charged which fo.ms the basis o. its anti-nutritive behavio.. Pepsino.en has extensive basic amino.acids o. its activatio. peptide that are presented as catio.s at lo. pH which are targeted by pepsin fo. activatio.. Partially crystalized Ca2+near the enzyme?s active site further stabilizes its newly fo.med structure. Thus, phytic acid appears to.interfere with gastric digestio. by several mechanisms; interfering with pepsino.en activatio. by binding to.the po.ypeptide?s basic amino.acids;co.rdinating free Ca2+, destabilizing pepsin; binding so.e dietary pro.eins directly, further co.pro.ising gastric pro.eo.ysis. Upo. digesta attaining neutrality in the duo.enum, Ca2+and o.her catio.s rebind with accessible anio.s, phytic acid being a significant co.tender. Phytate no. o.ly binds free catio.s but can also.strip them fro. enzymes(e.g. Ca2+, Zn2+) which reduces their structural resistance to.auto.ysis and ability as co.facto.s(e.g. Zn2+) to.increase enzyme activity. Go.let cells initially emplo. Ca2+as an electro.ic shield between mucin layers enabling granule fo.matio. and cell sto.age. After mucin granule release, Ca2+is pro.ressively displaced by Na+to.free the visco.s mucins enabling its translo.atio.. Mucin entangles with the glyco.alyx o. adjacent entero.ytes thereby co.structing the unstirred water layer（USWL）. Excessive remo.al o. Ca2+fro. mucin by phytic acid increases its fluidity facilitating its lo.s fro. the USWL with

关键词： Digestive enzyme Calcium Endo.eno.s pro.ein Mucin Phytin

Centennial Analysis o. Human Activity Intensity and Asso.iated Histo.ical Events in Heilo.gjiang River Sino.Russo.Watershed

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Chinese Geo.raphical Science 2024年第2期34卷 280-293页

作者： So.G Chao.ue LI Xiao.ing HE Ho.gshi michael SunDE Scho.l o. Geo.raphical Sciences Northeast Normal UniversityChangchun 130024China Scho.l o. Natural Reso.rces University of MissouriColumbia 65211USA

Human activities in a transbo.der watershed are co.plex under the influence o. do.estic po.icies,internatio.al relatio.s,and glo.al *** the fo.ces driving human activity change is impo.tant fo. the develo.ment o. transbo.der *** this study,we used glo.al histo.ical land co.er data,the hemero.y index mo.el,and synthesized majo. histo.ical events to.analyze ho. human activity intensity changed in the Heilo.gjiang River(Amur River in Russia)watershed(HLRW).The results sho.ed that there was a stro.g spatial hetero.eneity in the variatio. o. human activity intensity in the HLRW o.er the past century(1900-2016).o. the Chinese side,the human activity intensity change shifted fro. the plain areas fo. agricultural reclamatio. to.the mo.ntaino.s areas fo. timber *** the Russian side,human activity intensity changes mo.tly co.centrated alo.g the Trans-Siberian Railway and the Baikal-Amur *** variatio. o. human activity intensity tended to.respo.d to.regio.al events while regio.alized variatio. tends to.reflect natio.al po.icy change o. bro.d internatio.al *** similarities and differences between China and Russia in po.icies and po.itio.s in internatio.al events resulted in synchro.o.s and asynchro.o.s changes in human activity ***,po.icy shifts were o.ten co.fined by the natural features o. the *** results reveal the histo.ical o.igins and fundamental co.no.atio.s o. watershed develo.ment and co.tribute to.fo.mulating regio.al management po.icies that co.rdinate po.ulatio.,eco.no.ic,so.ial,and enviro.mental activities.

关键词： human activity intensity changes hemero.y index centennial scale Heilo.gjiang River(Amur River in Russia)watershed China Russia

A Quasi-Linear Relatio.ship between Planetary o.tgo.ng Lo.gwave Radiatio. and Surface Temperature in a Radiative-Co.vective-Transpo.tive Climate Mo.el o. a Gray Atmo.phere

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Advances in Atmo.pheric Sciences 2024年第1期41卷 8-18页

作者： Jie Sun michael SECo. Ming CAI Xiao.ing HU Department o. Earth Oceanand Atmospheric ScienceFlorida State UniversityTallahasseeFlorida 32304USA Scho.l o. Atmo.pheric Sciences Sun Yat-sen University and Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai)Zhuhai 519082China Guangdo.g Pro.ince Key Labo.ato.y fo. Climate Change and Natural Disaster Studies Zhuhai 519082China

In this study,we put fo.ward a radiative-co.vective-transpo.tive energy balance mo.el o. a gray atmo.phere to.examine individual ro.es o. the greenho.se effect o. water vapo.,vertical co.vectio.,and atmo.pheric po.eward energy transpo.t as well as their co.bined effects fo. a quasi-linear relatio.ship between the o.tgo.ng lo.gwave radiatio.(o.R)and surface temperature(T_(S)).The greenho.se effect o. water vapo. enhances the meridio.al gradient o. surface temperature,thereby directly co.tributing to.a quasi-linear o.R-T_(S) *** atmo.pheric po.eward energy transpo.t decreases the meridio.al gradient o. surface *** a result o. the po.eward energy transpo.t,tro.ical(high-latitude)atmo.phere-surface co.umns emit less(mo.e)o.R than the so.ar energy input at their respective lo.atio.s,causing a substantial reductio. o. the meridio.al gradient o. the *** co.bined effect o. reducing the meridio.al gradients o. bo.h o.R and surface temperature by the po.eward energy transpo.t also.co.tributes to.the quasi-linear o.R-T_(S) *** co.vective energy transpo.t reduces the meridio.al gradient o. surface temperature witho.t affecting the meridio.al gradient o. o.R,thereby suppressing part o. the reductio. to.the increasing rate o. o.R with surface temperature by the greenho.se effect o. water vapo. and po.eward energy *** o. the nature o. the energy balance in the climate system,such a quasi-linear relatio.ship is also.a go.d appro.imatio. fo. the relatio.ship between the annual-mean net do.nward so.ar energy flux at the to. o. the atmo.phere and surface temperature.

关键词： o.tgo.ng lo.gwave radiatio. greenho.se effect po.eward energy transpo.t

Generatio. o. meaningful synthetic senso. data—Evaluated with a reliable transferability metho.o.o.y

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Energy and AI 2024年第1期15卷 248-264页

作者： michael Meiser Benjamin Duppe Ingo.Zinnikus Deutsches Fo.schungszentrum für künstliche Intelligenz(DFKI) Stuhlsatzenhausweg 3Saarbrücken66123SaarlandGermany

As ho.seho.ds are equipped with smart meters,supervised Machine Learning(ML)mo.els and especially No.-Intrusive Lo.d Mo.ito.ing(NILM)disaggregatio. algo.ithms are beco.ing increasingly *** be ro.ust,these mo.els require a large amo.nt o. data,which is difficult to.***,the generatio. o. meaningful synthetic data is beco.ing mo.e *** use a simulatio. framewo.k to.generate multiple datasets using different techniques and evaluate their quality statistically by measuring the perfo.mance o. NILM mo.els fo. *** demo.strate that the metho. o. data generatio. is crucial to.train ML mo.els in a meaningful *** experiments co.ducted reveal that adding no.se to.the synthetic smart meter data is essential to.train ro.ust NILM mo.els fo. *** best results are o.tained when this no.se is derived fro. unkno.n appliances fo. which no.gro.nd truth data is *** we o.served that NILM mo.els can pro.ide unstable results,we develo. a reliable evaluatio. metho.o.o.y,based o. Co.hran’s sample ***,we co.pare the quality o. the generated synthetic data with real data and o.serve that multiple NILM mo.els trained o. synthetic data perfo.m significantly better than tho.e trained o. real data.

关键词： Smart ho.e Synthetic senso. data Energy data Transfer learning Evaluatio. metho.o.o.y Machine learning Neural netwo.ks NILM Seq2po.nt Windo.GRU DAE Seq2seq RNN

Feasibility,efficacy,and safety o. animal-assisted activities with visiting do.s in inpatient pediatric o.co.o.y

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Wo.ld Jo.rnal o. Pediatrics 2024年第9期20卷 915-924页

作者： Katja Steff Maximilian Grasemann Kira o.termann Sarah Christina Go.etzki Peter-michael Rath Dirk Reinhardt michael M.Schündeln Pediatric Hemato.o.y and o.co.o.y Department of Pediatrics IIIUniversity of Duisburg-EssenHufelandstr.5545122EssenGermany Department o. Psycho.o.y Medical School HamburgHamburgGermany Pediatric Infectio.o.y Department of Pediatrics IUniversity of Duisburg-EssenEssenGermany Institute o. Medical Micro.io.o.y University of Duisburg-EssenEssenGermany

Backgro.nd Childho.d cancer entails a heavy burden fo. patients and their *** advances in o.erall survival rates have increasingly bro.ght lo.g-term quality o. life into.***-assisted activities(AAAs)have lo.g been hypo.hesized to.alleviate the burden o. pediatric patients and their peers in the ho.pital ***,their use in inpatient pediatric o.co.o.y has been a sensitive issue mainly due to.the fear o. infectio.s,resulting in a lack o. *** study presents data o. the feasibility,safety,and efficacy o. AAAs fro. a single German *** Between 2018 and 2022,60 patients(median age=10.3 years)diagno.ed with malignancy and undergo.ng treatment were visited by an interventio. do.(to.al visits=100).Patients were screened fo. infectio.s as per ho.pital po.icy,with additio.al micro.io.o.ical testing perfo.med based o. *** do. was screened fo. human patho.ens and *** data and ho.pitalizatio.s were analyzed fro. two.mo.ths prio. to.the first visit until two.mo.ths after the last *** o. being in the ho.pital,bo.h with and witho.t planned animal-assisted interventio.s and pre-and po.t-interventio. state stress,were measured using a validated visual analo.ue scale(0-10).Results Patients benefited fro. AAAs,sho.ing increased acceptance o. being in the ho.pital(median:7.25 vs.4.50,Po.e ho.r after the visit co.pared to.o.e ho.r befo.e the visit(1.00 vs.4.25,Po. did no. result in an increased number o. infectio.s o. unplanned ho.pitalizatio.s,and no.zo.no.es were *** micro.ial screening tests o. the do. were *** AAAs with visiting do.s in inpatient pediatric o.co.o.y are feasible and *** they ho.d pro.ise fo. enhancing patients’well-being,further pro.pective studies are needed.

关键词： Animal-assisted activities Animal-assisted interventio.s Animal-assisted therapy Feasibility Infectio. co.tro. Inpatient pediatric o.co.o.y Safety Stress respo.se Therapy do. Visiting do.

Evaluatio. o. disease burden and sympto. sco.es in patients with acute atrial fi brillatio. in the emergency department

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Wo.ld Jo.rnal o. Emergency Medicine 2024年第5期15卷 397-400页

作者： Niko.a Schütz Do.inik Ro.h michael Prinz Filippo.Cacio.po.Sebastian Schnaubelt Alexander o.Spiel Hans Do.ano.its Harald Herkner Department o. Emergency Medicine Medical University of ViennaVienna 1090Austria Department o. Emergency Medicine Clinic OttakringVienna 1160Austria

Atrial fibrillatio.(AF)is a majo. public health pro.lem and po.es a substantial eco.o.ic burden o. healthcare systems wo.ldwide.[1-4]The emergency department(ED)serves as the first po.nt o. co.tact with the healthcare system and plays a key ro.e in the management o. patients with AF,which acco.nts fo. 3%-10%o. all ho.pital admissio.s.[5]Treatment plans are o.ten discussed and initiated at the ED.

关键词： patients atrial acute

Explo.ing the asso.iatio.s between skeletal muscle echo.enicity and physical functio. in aging adults:A systematic review with meta-analyses

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Jo.rnal o. Spo.t and Health Science 2024年第6期13卷 820-840页

作者： Dustin J.o.anchuk Stephan G.Bo.kin Katie L.Bo.cella michael o.Harris-Lo.e Muscle Mo.pho.o.y Mechanicsand Performance LaboratoryDepartment of Physical Medicine and RehabilitationUniversity of Colorado Anschutz Medical CampusAuroraCO 80045USA Department o. Physical Therapy

Backgro.nd:Assessment and quantificatio. o. skeletal muscle within the aging po.ulatio. is vital fo. diagno.is,treatment,and injury/disease *** clinical availability o. assessing muscle quality thro.gh diagno.tic ultraso.nd presents an o.po.tunity to.be utilized as a screening to.l fo. functio.-limiting ***,relatio.ships between muscle echo.enicity and clinical functio.al assessments require autho.itative ***,we aimed to.a) synthesize the literature to.assess the relatio.ships between skeletal muscle echo.enicity and physical functio. in o.der adults(≥60 years),(b) perfo.m po.led analyses o. relatio.ships between skeletal muscle echo.enicity and physical functio.,and(c) perfo.m sub-analyses to.determine between-muscle ***:CINAHL,Embase,MEDLINE,PubMed,and Web o. Science databases were systematically searched to.identify articles relating skeletal muscle echo.enicity to.physical functio. in o.der ***-o.-bias assessments were co.ducted alo.g with funnel plo. ***-analyses with and witho.t sub-analyses fo. individual muscles were perfo.med utilizing Fisher's Z transfo.matio. fo. the mo.t co.mo. measures o. physical ***'s Z was back-transfo.med to.Pearso.'s r fo. ***:Fifty-o.e articles(n=5095,female=~2759,male=~2301,72.5± 5.8 years,mean±SD(1 study did no. pro.ide sex descripto.s))were extracted fo. review,with previo.sly unpublished data o.tained fro. the autho.s o. 13 *** rectus femo.is(n=34) and iso.etric knee extensio. strength(n=22) were the mo.t accessed muscle and physical qualities,*** relatio.ship between quadriceps echo.enicity and knee extenso. strength was mo.erate(n=2924,r=-0.36(95% co.fidence interval:-0.38 to.0.32),p o.her meta-analyses(grip strength,walking speed,sit-to.stand,timed up-and-go. resulting in slightly weaker co.relatio.s(r:-0.34 to.0.23,all p <0.001).Sub-analyses determined minimal differences in predicti

关键词： Co.relatio.s Echo.intensity Elderly Intramuscular fat Strength