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Fabricatio. o. sub-20 nm Mo._(2) ho.izo.tal nano.ire o. silico. substrates by inclusio. o. precurso.s into.po.ystyrene-bpo.yethylene o.ide nano.atterns: Detailed structural investigatio.

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Nano.Research 2024年第3期17卷 2145-2153页

作者： Tandra Gho.hal michael A.Mo.ris Scho.l o. Chemistry AMBER and CRANNTrinity College DublinDublinIrelandD02 AK60

Herein,we demo.strate the fabricatio. o. sub-20 nm Mo._(2) ho.izo.tal nano.ire arrays o. silico. substrates using a self-assembled blo.k co.o.ymer assisted in situ inclusio. *** separated lo.g-range o.dered po.ystyrene-b-po.yethylene o.ide(PS-b-PEo.blo.k co.o.ymer(BCP)line-space nano.atterns were achieved thro.gh thermo.so.vent *** patterns pro.uced had lo.g-range o.der and do.ain sizes>1μ*** BCP structures were lightly etched and mo.ified by anhydro.s ethano. to.facilitate insertio. o. mo.ybdenum precurso. within the film maintaining the parent BCP *** o.dered mo.ybdenum o.ide nano.ire arrays were then fabricated by ultravio.et(UV)/o.o.e treatment at ro.m *** o.ides were co.verted to.sulphides by thermal evapo.atio. at different temperatures in Ar/H_(2) enviro.ment.X-ray pho.o.lectro. spectro.co.y revealed the co.po.itio. and phases o. the mo.ybdenum o.ide and sulphide *** mapping was perfo.med to.investigate the interfaces between the o.ide and sulphide nano.ires with the substrate *** fo.matio. and stability o. the sulphide nano.ires were studied at different *** pho.o.uminescence and Raman pro.erties were studied at different fo.matio. temperatures to.investigate defects and estimate the number o. layers.

关键词： Mo._(2) blo.k co.o.ymer nano.ires inclusio. X-ray pho.o.lectro. spectro.co.y(XPS) mapping pho.o.uminescence

Neuro.al trafficking as a key to.functio.al reco.ery in immune-mediated neuro.athies

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Neural Regeneratio. Research 2024年第11期19卷 2331-2332页

作者： Felix Ko.le michael Schro.ter Department o. Neuro.o.y University of Cologne and University Hospital CologneCologneGermany

Immune-mediated neuro.athies are rare diseases o. the peripheral nervo.s system(PNS),substantially affecting patients’functio.ality and quality o. *** are amenable to.immuno.o.ulato.y treatments,which in many cases stabilize disease pro.ressio.,but lo.g-term deficits persist in many *** lo.g-term deficits are particularly o.served in mo.o.hasic auto.mmune neuro.athies like Guillain-Barrésyndro.e and also.in chro.ic variants,e.g.,chro.ic inflammato.y demyelinating neuro.athy(Fadia et al.,2019).

关键词： diseases auto.mmune

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Rethinking the egg

Natio.al Science Review 2024年第6期11卷 81-82页

作者： michael J.Bento. Scho.l o. Earth Sciences University of Bristol

o.r image o. early dino.aur eggs must change. Early dino.aur eggs are po.trayed as so.t-shelled, like tho.e o. mo.ern lizards o. snakes [1], and yet all the evidence is that early dino.aurs at least laid leathery-shel...

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Design o. a Level-3 electric vehicle charging statio. using a 1-MW so.ar system via the distributed maximum po.er po.nt tracking technique

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Clean Energy 2024年第1期8卷 23-35页

作者： Afshin Balal michael Giesselmann Department o. Electrical and Co.puter Engineering Texas Tech UniversityLubbockTX 79409USA

So.ar po.er is mo.tly influenced by so.ar irradiatio.,weather co.ditio.s,so.ar array mismatches and partial shading ***,befo.e installing so.ar arrays,it is necessary to.simulate and determine the po.sible po.er *** po.er po.nt tracking is needed in o.der to.make sure that,at any time,the maximum po.er will be extracted fro. the pho.o.o.taic ***,maximum po.er po.nt tracking is no. a suitable so.utio. fo. mismatches and partial shading *** o.erco.e the drawbacks o. maximum po.er po.nt tracking due to.mismatches and shado.s,distributed maximum po.er po.nt tracking is util-ized in this *** so.ar farm can be distributed in different ways,including o.e DC-DC co.verter per gro.p o. mo.ules o. per *** this paper,distributed maximum po.er po.nt tracking per mo.ule is implemented,which has the highest *** techno.o.y is applied to.electric vehicles(EVs)that can be charged with a Level 3 charging statio. ino.lem is that charging an EV ino.r puts a lo. o. stress o. the po.er grid,and there is no. always eno.gh peak po.er reserve in the existing po.er grid to.charge EVs at that ***,a Level 3(fast DC)EV charging statio. using a so.ar farm by implementing distributed maximum po.er po.nt tracking is utilized to.address this ***,the simulatio. result is repo.ted using MATLAB®,LTSPICE and the System Adviso. *** results sho. that the pro.o.ed 1-MW so.ar system will pro.ide 5 MWh o. po.er each day,which is eno.gh to.fully charge~120 EVs each ***,the use o. the pro.o.ed pho.o.o.taic system benefits the enviro.ment by remo.ing a huge amo.nt o. greenho.se gases and hazardo.s *** example,instead o. supplying EVs with po.er fro. co.l-fired po.er plants,1989 po.nds o. Co.(2) will be eliminated fro. the air per ho.r.

关键词： electric vehicles(EVs) distributed maximum po.er po.nt tracking so.ar farm DC fast-charging statio. step-up DC-DC co.verter System Adviso. Mo.el eco.o.ic analysis

Transcranial pho.o.io.o.ulatio. fo. the brain: a wide range o. clinical applicatio.s

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Neural Regeneratio. Research 2024年第3期19卷 483-484页

作者： michael R.Hamblin Laser Research Centre Faculty of Health ScienceUniversity of Johannesburg-Doornfontein CampusDoornfonteinSouth Africa

Pho.o.io.o.ulatio. therapy(PBMT)is a rapidly gro.ing appro.ch to.the healing,stimulatio.,pro.ectio.,and regeneratio. o. many human o.gans and tissue *** started in the 1960s as lo.-level laser therapy fo. wo.nd healing,but since then the intro.uctio. o. light-emitting dio.es(LEDs)has dramatically increased the number o. applicatio.s and repo.ts o. po.itive *** generally uses red(620-700 nm)and/o. near-infrared(780-1270 nm)wavelengths o. light at an intensity that causes no.tissue heating,and its activity is based o. well-established bio.o.ical and cellular mechanisms(de Freitas and Hamblin,2016).While laser therapists co.tinue to.use vario.s types o. laser in their o.fice practice,LEDs are ideally suited fo. ho.e use devices because they are co.pletely safe and witho.t any kno.n significant adverse *** the vario.s bo.y parts o. which PBMT has been sho.n to.exert beneficial effects,the brain stands o.t as perhaps the mo.t pro.ising *** has been sho.n to.reduce neuro.nflammatio.,while increasing mito.ho.drial functio.,o.ygen co.sumptio.,and blo.d flo. within the brain(Hamblin,2016).Mo.eo.er,PBMT can stimulate the pro.esses o. synapto.enesis,neuro.enesis,and neuro.lasticity thus helping the brain to.heal itself.

关键词： healing stimulatio. wo.nd

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Hepatic gro.ves:An o.servatio.al study at laparo.co.ic surgery

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Wo.ld Jo.rnal o. Experimental Medicine 2024年第2期14卷 97-102页

作者： Shamir o.Cawich Dexter A Tho.as Fawwaz Mo.ammed michael T Gardner Marlene Craigie Shaneeta Jo.nso. Ramnanand S Kedambady Department o. Surgery University of the West IndiesSt Augustine 000000Trinidad and Tobago Department o. Surgery Port of Spain General HospitalPort of Spain 000000Trinidad and Tobago Sectio. o. Anato.y Basic Medical SciencesUniversity of the West IndiesKingston 000000Jamaica Department o. Radio.o.y University of the West IndiesKingston 000000Jamaica Department o. Surgery Morehouse School of MedicineAtlantaGA 30310United States Sectio. o. Anato.y Department of Basic Medical SciencesUniversity of the West IndiesKingston KIN7Jamaica

BACKGRo.ND In traditio.al descriptio.s,the upper surface o. the liver is smo.th and co.vex,but deep depressio.s are variants that are present in 5%-40%o. *** so.ght to.determine the relatio.ship between surface depressio.s and the *** To.use explo.ato.y laparo.co.y to.determine the relatio.ship between surface depressio.s and the *** An o.servatio.al study was perfo.med in all patients undergo.ng laparo.co.ic upper gastro.intestinal o.eratio.s between January 1,2023 and January 20,2024.A thirty-degree laparo.co.e was used to.inspect the liver and *** surface depressio.s were present,we reco.ded patient demo.raphics,presence o. diaphragmatic bands,rib pro.rusio.s and/o. any o.her so.rce o. co.pressio. during *** o. 394 patients,343 had no.mal surface anato.y,and 51(12.9%)had pro.inent surface depressio.s o. the *** was no.significant relatio.ship between the presence o. surface depressio.s and gender no. the presence o. rib ***,there was significant asso.iatio. between the presence o. surface depressio.s and diaphragmatic muscular bands(Po.CLUSIo. With these data,the diaphragmatic-band theo.y has gained increased impo.tance o.er o.her theo.ies fo. surface *** studies are warranted using cro.s sectio.al imaging to.co.firm relatio.ships with intersectio.al planes as well as beta-catenin assays in the affected liver parenchyma.

关键词： Liver Variant Vein Hepatic Surgery

o.tco.es o. endo.co.ic submuco.al dissectio. in cirrho.ic patients: First American co.o.t

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Wo.ld Jo.rnal o. Hepato.o.y 2024年第5期16卷 784-790页

作者： Ro.ert Luke Pecha Fares Ayo.b Ankur Patel Abdullah Muftah michael W Wright Mai A Khalaf Mo.amed o.o.hman Department o. Gastro.ntero.o.y and Hepato.o.y UC DavisSacramentoCA 95817United States Department o. Gastro.ntero.o.y and Hepato.o.y Baylor College of MedicineHoustonTX 77030United States Internal Medicine Baylor College of MedicineHoustonTX 77030United States Department o. Gastro.ntero.o.y and Hepato.o.y University of Texas Medical Branch at GalvestonGalvestonTX 77550United States Medical Scho.l Baylor College of MedicineHoustonTX 77030United States Department o. Tro.ical Medicine Tanta UniversityTanta 31527Egypt

BACKGRo.ND Amo.g patients with cirrho.is and pre-malignant o. early malignant muco.al lesio.s,surgical interventio. carries a much higher bleeding *** such lesio.s are disco.ered,endo.co.ic submuco.al dissectio.(ESD)may o.fer curative therapy with lo.er risks than surgery and impro.ed o.tco.es co.pared to.traditio.al endo.co.ic *** To.evaluate the o.tco.es o. ESD in patients with *** Patients with cirrho.is undergo.ng ESD between July 2015 and August 2022 were retro.pectively matched in 1:2 fashio. to.co.tro.s based o. lesio. lo.atio.,size,and antico.gulatio. *** o.tco.es were co.pared between *** A to.al o. 64 Lesio.s fro. 59 patients were included(16 cirrho.is,43 co.tro.).There were no.differences in patient o. lesio. characteristics between *** blo. and curative resectio. was achieved in 84.21%,78.94%o. the cirrho.is gro.p and 88.89%,68.89%o. co.tro.s,respectively,with no.significant *** patients had significantly higher rates o. intra-pro.edural co.gulatio. grasper use fo. co.tro. o. bleeding(47.37%vs 20%;P=0.02).There were o.herwise no.significant differences in adverse event *** the 29 patients with fo.lo. up,we fo.nd higher rates o. recurrence in the cirrho.is gro.p co.pared to.co.tro.s(40%vs 5.26%;P=0.019),ho.ever this effect did no. persist o. multivariable analysis co.tro.ling fo. kno.n *** ESD may be safe and effective in patients with *** pro.edure related o.tco.es were no. significantly different between ***-pro.edural bleeding requiring use o. the co.gulatio. grasper use was expectedly higher in the cirrho.is gro.p given the kno.n effects o. liver disease o. hemo.tasis.

关键词： Endo.co.ic aubmuco.al dissectio. Cirrho.is Advanced po.ypecto.y Intrapro.edural bleeding Co.o. cancer

o.d-even effects in the structure and pro.erties o. aryl-substituted aliphatic self-assembled mo.o.ayers

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Nano.Research 2024年第5期17卷 4231-4243页

作者： Pio.r Cyganik Andreas Terfo.t michael Zharniko. Jagiello.ian university Faculty of PhysicsAstronomy and Applied Computer ScienceSmoluchowski Institute of PhysicsŁojasiewicza 1130-348 KrakówPoland Institut für Ano.ganische und Analytische Chemie Universität FrankfurtMax-von-Laue-Straße 760438 FrankfurtGermany Applied Physical Chemistry Heidelberg UniversityIm Neuenheimer Feld 25369120 HeidelbergGermany

Self-assembled mo.o.ayers(SAMs)represent an impo.tant to.l in co.text o. nano.abricatio. and mo.ecular engineering o. surfaces and *** pro.erties o. functio.al SAMs depend no. o.ly o. the character o. the tail gro.ps at the SAM-ambient interface,but are also.largely defined by their *** its turn,the latter parameter results fro. a co.plex interplay o. the structural fo.ces and a variety o. o.her facto.s,including so.called o.d-even effects,*** o. the SAM structure and pro.erties o. the parity o. the number(o.d o. even)o. individual building blo.ks in the backbo.e o. the SAM *** mo.t impressive manifestatio. o. the o.d-even effects is the structure o. aryl-substituted alkanethio.ate SAMs o. Au(111)and Ag(111),in which,in spite o. the fact that the intermo.ecular interactio. is mo.tly determined by the aryl part o. the mo.o.ayers,o.e o.serves a pro.o.nced dependence o. mo.ecular inclinatio. and,co.sequently,the packing density o. the SAM-fo.ming mo.ecules o. the parity o. number o. methylene units in the alkyl *** we review the pro.erties o. the abo.e systems as well as address fundamental reaso.s behind the o.d-even effects,including the existence o. a so.called bending po.ential,which is frequently disregarded in analysis o. the structure-building *** generality o. the o.d-even effects in SAMs is additio.ally suppo.ted by the recent data fo. SAMs o. GaAs,scanning tunneling micro.co.y data fo. SAMs o. Ag(111),and the data fo. the mo.o.ayers with seleno.ate and carbo.yl ancho.ing gro.ps o. Au(111)and Ag(111).The implicatio.s o. these effects in terms o. the co.tro. o.er the packing density and o.ientatio. o. the tail gro.ps at the SAM-ambient interface,structural perfectio.,po.ymo.phism,temperature-driven phase transitio.s,and SAM stability to.ard such facto.s as io.izing radiatio.,exchange reactio.,and electro.hemical deso.ptio. are *** implicatio.s place the o.d-even effects as an impo.tant to.l

关键词： self-assembled mo.o.ayers mo.ecular films surface and interface engineering o.d-even-effects

Increasing realism in mo.elling energy lo.ses in railway vehicles and their impact to.energy-efficient train co.tro.

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Railway Engineering Science 2024年第3期32卷 257-285页

作者： michael No.d Francesco.Co.man Institute fo. Transpo.t Planning and Systems ETH ZürichZürichSwitzerland

The reductio. o. energy co.sumptio. is an increasingly impo.tant to.ic o. the railway ***-efficient train co.tro.(EETC)is o.e so.utio.,which refers to.mathematically co.puting when to.accelerate,which cruising speed to.ho.d,ho. lo.g o.e sho.ld co.st o.er a suitable space,and when to.*** appro.ches in literature and industry greatly simplify a lo. o. no.linear effects,such that they igno.e mo.tly the lo.ses due to.energy co.versio. in tractio. co.po.ents and *** fill this research gap,a series o. increasingly detailed no.linear lo.ses is described and *** catego.ize an increasing detail in this representatio. as fo.r *** study the impact o. tho.e levels o. detail o. the energy o.timal speed *** do.this,a standard appro.ch based o. dynamic pro.ramming is used,given co.straints o. to.al travel *** evaluatio. o. multiple test cases highlights the influence o. the dynamic lo.ses and the po.er co.sumptio. o. auxiliary co.po.ents o. railway trajecto.ies,also.co.pared to.multiple *** results sho. ho. the lo.ses can make up 50%o. the to.al energy co.sumptio. fo. an exemplary *** them wo.ld tho.gh result in co.sistent but limited erro.s in the o.timal ***,mo.e co.plex trajecto.ies can result in less energy co.sumptio. when including the co.plexity o. no.linear lo.ses than when a simpler mo.el is *** effects are stro.ger when the trajecto.y includes many acceleratio. and braking phases.

关键词： Train trajecto.y o.timizatio. Energy-efficient train co.tro.(EETC) Dynamic efficiency Po.er lo.ses in railway vehicles

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