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Medical Feature Selection Approach Based on Generalized Normal Distribution Algorithm

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第12期69卷 2883-2901页

作者： Mohamed Abdel-Basset Reda Mohamed Ripon K.Chakrabortty michael j.ryan Yunyoung Nam Mohamed Abouhawwash Faculty of Computers and Informatics Zagazig UniversityZagazig44519Egypt Capability Systems Centre School of Engineering and ITUNSWCanberraAustralia Department of Computer Science and Engineering Soonchunhyang UniversityAsan31538Korea Department of Mathematics Faculty of ScienceMansoura UniversityMansoura35516Egypt Department of Computational Mathematics Scienceand Engineering(CMSE)Michigan State UniversityEast Lansing48824MIUSA

This paper proposes a new pre-processing technique to separate the most effective features from those that might deteriorate the performance of the machine learning classifiers in terms of computational costs and classification accuracy because of their irrelevance,redundancy,or less information;this pre-processing process is often known as feature *** technique is based on adopting a new optimization algorithm known as generalized normal distribution optimization(GNDO)supported by the conversion of the normal distribution to a binary one using the arctangent transfer function to convert the continuous values into binary ***,a novel restarting strategy(RS)is proposed to preserve the diversity among the solutions within the population by identifying the solutions that exceed a specific distance from the best-so-far and replace them with the others created using an effective updating *** strategy is integrated with GNDO to propose another binary variant having a high ability to preserve the diversity of the solutions for avoiding becoming stuck in local minima and accelerating convergence,namely improved GNDO(IGNDO).The proposed GNDO and IGNDO algorithms are extensively compared with seven state-of-the-art algorithms to verify their performance on thirteen medical instances taken from the UCI *** is shown to be superior in terms of fitness value and classification accuracy and competitive with the others in terms of the selected *** the principal goal in solving the FS problem is to find the appropriate subset of features that maximize classification accuracy,IGNDO is considered the best.

关键词： Generalized normal distribution optimization feature selection transfer function novel restarting strategy UCI repository

An Improved j.llyfish Algorithm for Multilevel Thresholding of Magnetic Resonance Brain Image Segmentations

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第9期68卷 2961-2977页

作者： Mohamed Abdel-Basset Reda Mohamed Mohamed Abouhawwash Ripon K.Chakrabortty michael j.ryan Yunyoung Nam Faculty of Computers and Informatics Zagazig UniversityZagazig44519Egypt Department of Mathematics Faculty of ScienceMansoura UniversityMansoura35516Egypt Department of Computational Mathematics Scienceand Engineering(CMSE)Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMI48824USA Capability Systems Centre School of Engineering and ITUNSW CanberraAustralia Department of Computer Science and Engineering Soonchunhyang UniversityAsan31538Korea

Image segmentation is vital when analyzing medical images,especially magnetic resonance(MR)images of the ***,several image segmentation techniques based on multilevel thresholding have been proposed for medical image segmentation;however,the algorithms become trapped in local minima and have low convergence speeds,particularly as the number of threshold levels ***,in this paper,we develop a new multilevel thresholding image segmentation technique based on the j.llyfish search algorithm(j.A)(an optimizer).We modify the j.A to prevent descents into local minima,and we accelerate convergence toward optimal *** improvement is achieved by applying two novel strategies:Rankingbased updating and an adaptive ***-based updating is used to replace undesirable solutions with other solutions generated by a novel updating scheme that improves the qualities of the removed *** develop a new adaptive strategy to exploit the ability of the j.A to find a best-so-far solution;we allow a small amount of exploration to avoid descents into local *** two strategies are integrated with the j.A to produce an improved j.A(Ij.A)that optimally thresholds brain MR *** compare the performances of the Ij.A and j.A,seven brain MR images were segmented at threshold levels of 3,4,5,6,7,8,10,15,20,25,and *** was compared with several other recent image segmentation algorithms,including the improved and standard marine predator algorithms,the modified salp and standard salp swarm algorithms,the equilibrium optimizer,and the standard j.A in terms of fitness,the Structured Similarity Index Metric(SSIM),the peak signal-to-noise ratio(PSNR),the standard deviation(SD),and the Features Similarity Index Metric(FSIM).The experimental outcomes and the Wilcoxon rank-sum test demonstrate the superiority of the proposed algorithm in terms of the FSIM,the PSNR,the obj.ctive values,and the SD;in terms of the SSIM,Ij.A was competitive with

关键词： Magnetic resonance imaging brain image segmentation artificial j.llyfish search algorithm ranking method local minima Otsu method

The role of latitudinal, genetic and temperature variation in the induction of diapause of Papilio glaucus （Lepidoptera： Papilionidae）

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Insect Science 2018年第2期25卷 328-336页

作者： Sean F. ryan Patti Valella Gabrielle Thivierge Matthew L. Aardema j. Mark Scriber Department of Biological Sciences University of Notre Dame Notre Dame Indiana USA USDA-ARS Center for Medical Agricultural and Veterinary Entomology 1600/1700 Southwest 23rd Drive Gainesville Florida USA Department of Entomology Michigan State University East Lansing Michigan USA Life Science Department Long Beach City College Long Beach California USA Sackler Institute for Comparative Genomics American Museum of Natural History New York New York USA McGuire Centerfor Lepidoptera and Diversity University of Florida Gainesville Florida US

A key adaptation in insects for dealing with variable environmental conditions is the ability to diapause. The tiger swallowtail butterflies, Papilio glaucus and P. canadensis are ideal species to explore the genetic causes and population genetic consequences of diapause because divergence in this trait is believed to be a salient factor in maintaining a hybrid zone between these species. Yet little is known about the factors that influence diapause induction in this system. Here we explored how spatial （latitudinal）, environmental （temperature） and genetic （hybridization） factors affect diapause induction in this system. Specifically, a series of growth chamber experiments using wild caught individuals from across the eastern United States were performed to：（1） evaluate how critical photoperiod varies with latitude, （2） isolate the stage in which induction occurs, （3） test whether changes in temperature affected rates of diapause induction, and （4） explore how the incidence of diapause is affected in hybrid offspring. We find that induction occurs in the larval stage, is not sensitive to a relatively broad range of temperatures, appears to have a complex genetic basis （i.e., is not simply a dominant trait following a Mendelian inheritance pattern） and that the critical photoperiod increases by 0.4 h with each increasing degree in latitude. This work deepens our understanding of how spatial, environmental and genetic variation influences a key seasonal adaptation （diapause induction） in a well-developed ecological model system and will make possible future studies that explore how climatic variation affects the population dynamics and genetics of this system.

关键词： adaptation critical photoperiod development diapauses facultative hybridization

Dominance network structure across reproductive contexts in the cooperatively breeding cichlid fish Neolamprologus pulcher

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Current Zoology 2015年第1期61卷 45-54页

作者： Cody j. DEY Q.Y. j.anne TAN Constance M. O'CONNOR Adam R. REDDON j. ryan CALDWELL Sigal BALSHINE Department of Biology McMaster University Hamilton Ontario ON L8S 4K1 Canada Department of Psychology Neuroscience and Behaviour McMaster University Hamilton Ontario L8S 4L8 Canada

While a large number of studies have described animal social networks, we have a poor understanding of how these networks vary with ecological and social conditions. For example, reproductive periods are an important life-history stage that may involve changes in dominance relationships among individuals, yet no study to date has compared social networks of do- minance interactions （i.e. dominance networks） across reproductive contexts. We first analyzed a long-term dataset on captive so- cial groups of the cooperatively breeding cichlid Neolamprologuspulcher, and found that eviction events were significantly more common around reproduction than expected by chance. Next, we compared the structure of dominance networks during early pa- rental care and non-reproductive periods, using one of the first applications of exponential random graph models in behavioral biology. Contrary to our predictions, we found that dominance networks showed few changes between early parental care and non-reproductive periods. We found no evidence that dominance interactions became more skewed towards larger individuals, became more frequent between similar-sized individuals, or became more biased towards a particular sex during parental care. However, we did find that there were relatively more dominance interactions between opposite-sex dyads in the early parental care period, which may be a by-product of increased sexual interactions during this time. This is the first study in behavioral ecology to compare social networks using exponential random graph modeling, and demonstrates a powerful analytical framework for future studies in the field [Current Zoology 61 （1）： 45-54, 2015].

关键词： Social network Aggression Submissive Hierarchy Parental care P* model

Modern treatment strategies for penile prosthetics in Peyronie’s disease:a contemporary clinical review

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Asian j.urnal of Andrology 2020年第1期22卷 51-59页

作者： Matthew j.Ziegelmann M ryan Farrell Laurence A Levine Division of Urology Rush University Medical CenterChicagoIL 60612USA

Peyronie's disease is a common condition resulting in penile deformity,psychological bother,and sexual *** dysfunction is one common comorbid condition seen in men with Peyronie’s disease,and its presence significantly impacts treatment *** a man with Peyronie's disease and significant erectile dysfunction who desires the most reliable treatment,penile prosthesis placement should be strongly *** some instances,such as those patients with relatively mild curvature,prosthesis placement alone may result in adequate ***,many patients will require additional straightening maneuvers such as manual modeling,penile plication,and tunica albuginea incision with or without *** patients with severe penile shortening,penile length restoration techniques may also be ***,we provide a comprehensive clinical review of penile prosthesis placement in men with Peyronie's ***,we discuss preoperative indications,intraoperative considerations,adj.nctive straightening maneuvers,and postoperative outcomes.

关键词： collagenase grafting penile length penile prosthesis Peyronie's

The moderating effect of physical activity on the relationship between bullying and mental health among sexual and gender minority youth

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j.urnal of Sport and Health Science 2023年第1期12卷 106-115页

作者： Sally j.Kirklewski ryan j.Watson Carolyn Lauckner Department of Health Promotion and Behavior University of GeorgiaAthensGA 30602USA Human Development and Family Sciences University of ConnecticutStorrsCT 06269 USA Department of Behavioral Science University of Kentucky College of MedicineUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKY 40506USA

Background:Sexual and gender minority youth frequently experience bullying,which often contributes to higher depressive symptoms and lower *** that physical activity(PA)can mitigate depressive symptoms and improve self-esteem,we examined the moderating effect of PA on the relationship between bullying and mental health among sexual and gender minority ***:Data from the Lesbian,Gay,Bisexual,Transgender,and Queer National Teen Survey(n=9890)were *** regression analyses examined the influence of history and frequency of being bullied,PA,and the interaction of these variables on depressive symptoms and *** slopes analyses were used to probe significant ***:Results indicated the importance of accounting for bullying history when examining effects of PA on mental *** was negatively related to depression(t=-4.18,p<0.001)and positively related to self-esteem(t=12.11,p<0.001).Bullying frequency was positively related to depression(t=19.35,p<0.001)and negatively related to self-esteem(t=-12.46,p<0.001).There was a significant interaction between bullying frequency and PA for depression(t=4.45,p<0.001)and self-esteem(t=-4.69,p<0.001).Post hoc analyses suggested that the positive effects of PA on mental health may be limited to those not bullied because it had a negligible effect on those who were ***:Results suggest that sexual and gender minority youth exercise interventions aiming to improve mental health should first address bullying history;otherwise,their effectiveness may be limited to those who have been bullied.

关键词： Bullying Depression Exercise LGBTQ Self-esteem Youth

Surgical or medical treatment of obesity-associated type 2 diabetesan increasing clinical conundrum

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World j.urnal of Diabetes 2024年第10期15卷 2036-2040页

作者： ryan j.j.lleh Karen L j.nes Md Shahidul Islam Lu Cai michael Horowitz Adelaide Medical School and Centre of Research Excellence in Translating Nutritional Science to Good Health University of Adelaide Endocrine and Metabolic Unit Royal Adelaide HospitalAdelaide 5000South AustraliaAustralia Department of Biochemistry School of Life SciencesUniversity of KwaZulu-NatalDurban 4000KwaZulu-NatalSouth Africa Pediatric Research Institute Departments of PediatricsRadiation OncologyPharmacology and ToxicologyUniversity of LouisvilleWendy Novak Diabetes InstituteNorton Children’s HospitalLouisvilleKY 40202United States

In this editorial,we comment on the article by He et al,specifically in relation to the efficacy of bariatric surgery vs glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist(GLP-1RA)therapy in the management of type 2 diabetes(T2D)associated with *** surgery has now also been shown to be safe and effective in pre-teens and teenagers with obesity and T2D,but information on newer GLP-1RAs in these groups is predictably *** older individuals(age>65 years),both bariatric surgery and GLP-1RA therapy improve cardiovascular ***-tric surgery is not infrequently associated with post-operative postprandial hypoglycemia,which is not the case with GLP-1RAs and,paradoxically,there is evidence that GLP-1RAs may reduce both the frequency and severity of postprandial *** trials of the long-term efficacy of bariatric surgery and GLP-1RAs are indicated.

关键词： Glucagon-like peptide-1 Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist Obesity Diabetes Weight loss Bariatric surgery Metabolic surgery Hypoglycemia

Metabolite profile comparisons between ascending and descending colon tissue in healthy adults

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World j.urnal of Gastroenterology 2020年第3期26卷 335-352页

作者： Bridget A Baxter Kristopher D Parker michael j.Nosler Sangeeta Rao Rebecca Craig Catherine Seiler Elizabeth P ryan Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences Colorado State UniversityFort CollinsFort CollinsCO 80523United States University of Colorado Health Gastroenterology Clinic Fort CollinsCO 80524United States Department of Clinical Sciences Colorado State UniversityFort CollinsCO 80523United States Harmony Surgery Center Fort CollinsCO 80528United States Director of Clinical Operations Harmony Surgery CenterFort CollinsCO 80523United States

BACKGROUND Obesity is a risk factor for colorectal cancer,yet metabolic distinctions between healthy right and left colon tissue,before cancer is diagnosed,remains largely *** study compared right-ascending and left-descending colon tissue metabolomes to identify differences from the stool metabolome in normal weight,overweight,and obese *** To examine right and left colon tissue metabolites according to body mass index that may serve as mechanistic targets for interventions and biomarkers for colon cancer *** Global,non-targeted metabolomics was applied to assess right-ascending and left-descending colon tissue collected from healthy adults undergoing screening colonoscopies to test the hypothesis that BMI differentially impacts colon tissue metabolite *** colon tissue and stool metabolome of healthy adults(n=24)was analyzed for metabolite signatures and metabolic pathway networks implicated in progression of colorectal *** Ascending and descending colon contained 504 host,food,and microbiotaderived metabolites from normal weight,overweight and obese adults grouped according to body mass *** acids,lipids,and nucleotides were among the chemical types that further differentiated from the stool metabolite *** weight adults had 46 significantly different metabolites between ascending and descending colon tissue locations,whereas there were 37 metabolite differences in overweight and 28 metabolite differences for obese adults(P<0.05).Obese adults had trimethylamine N-oxide,endocannabinoids and monoacylglycerols with different relative abundances identified between ascending and descending *** and secondary bile acids,vitamins,and fatty acids also showed marked relative abundance differences in colon tissue from overweight/obese *** There were metabolite profile differences between right-ascending and leftdescending colon tissue in healthy *** lipids and other metabolites in

关键词： Colon Ascending Descending Metabolomics Obesity Stool

CRYSTALLIZATION OF BLENDS OF AN ASYMMETRIC POLY(OXYETHYLENE)-b-POLY(OXYBUTYLENE) BLOCK COPOLYMER WITH POLY(OXYBUTYLENE)

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Chinese j.urnal of Polymer Science 2004年第5期22卷 477-483页

作者：徐君庭 Guo-dongLiang Shao-minMai A.j.ryan DepartmentofPolymerScience＆Engineering ZhejiangUm＇versity.Hangzhou310027China ChemistryDepartment TheUniversityofSheffieldSheffieldS37HFUK DepartmentofPolymerScience＆Engineering ZhejiangUm＇versity.Hangzhou310027China

An oxyethylene/oxybutylene block copolymer with asymmetric volume fraction (E115B105) was blended with oxybutylene homopolymer (Bh) at different volume fractions of the block Crystallization behavior of the blends was studied and was compared with that of the blends from a symmetric block copolymer (E114B56). It was found that the crystallization temperature of E115B103/B28 blend is lower than that of the blends from symmetric block copolymer. For the blend with = 0.30 breakout crystallization with an Avrami exponent n 3.0 is observed. At = 0.22 the blend exhibits a variable crystallization behavior: confined crystallization with n 1.0 at lower crystallization temperatures but breakout crystallization at high crystallization temperatures. For the blend with = 0.14 and sphere morphology confined crystallization occurs at all crystallization temperatures studied. When compared with the blends from symmetric block copolymer, confined crystallization occurs more easily in the E115B103/B28 blends. The SAXS results agree with the isothermal crystallization kinetics. Deformation of the confined crystalline block is observed in the blend with =0.14 and mixed lamellar and cylinder morphologies in the blend with = 0.22.

关键词： Crystallization Block copolymer Blend Confinement