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Dystrophic calcification and heterotopic ossification in fibrocartilaginous tissues of the spine in diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis(DISH)

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Bone Research 2020年第2期8卷 209-218页

作者： Dale E.Fournier Patti K.Kiser ryan j.Beach S.j.ffrey Dixon Cheryle A.Séguin Health and Rehabilitation Sciences(Physical Therapy) Faculty of Health SciencesThe University of Western OntarioLondonON N6A 5B9Canada Bone and j.int Institute The University of Western OntarioLondonON N6G 2V4Canada Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology Schulich School of Medicine&DentistryThe University of Western OntarioLondonON N6A 5C1Canada Department of Physiology and Pharmacology Schulich School of Medicine&DentistryThe University of Western OntarioLondonON N6A 5C1Canada

Diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis(DISH) is a prevalent noninflammatory spondyloarthropathy characterized by ectopic mineral formation along the anterolateral aspect of the vertebral column, yet little is known about its underlying pathogenesis. Our obj.ctive was to evaluate the histopathological features and composition of ectopic mineral within spinal tissues affected by DISH in humans. Thoracic spine segments from six embalmed cadaveric donors(one female and five males;median age 82 years)meeting the radiographic diagnostic criteria for DISH were evaluated using radiological, histological, and physical analyses. Overall,the histological features of ectopic mineralization at individual motion segments were heterogeneous, including regions of heterotopic ossification and dystrophic calcification. Heterotopic ossifications were characterized by woven and lamellar bone,multifocal areas of metaplastic cartilage, and bony bridges along the anterior aspect of the intervertebral disc space. Dystrophic calcifications were characterized by an amorphous appearance, a high content of calcium and phosphorus, an X-ray diffraction pattern matching that of hydroxyapatite, and radiodensities exceeding that of cortical bone. Dystrophic calcifications were found within the anterior longitudinal ligament and annulus fibrosus in motion segments both meeting and not meeting the radiographic criteria for DISH. In summary, our findings indicate that in DISH, ectopic mineral forms along the anterior aspect of the spine by both heterotopic ossification and dystrophic calcification of fibrocartilaginous tissues. Although both types of ectopic mineralization are captured by current radiographic criteria for DISH, dystrophic calcification may reflect a distinct disease process or an early stage in the pathogenesis of DISH.

关键词： DISH ossification calcification

Molecular markers reliably predict post-harvest deterioration of fresh-cut lettuce in modified atmosphere packaging

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Horticulture Research 2018年第1期5卷 698-710页

作者： Ivan Simko ryan j.Hayes Maria-j.se Truco Richard W.Michelmore Rudie Antonise Mark Massoudi u.s.department of agriculture agricultural research serviceu.s.agricultural research stationcrop improvement and protection research unit1636 east alisal streetsalinasca93905usa u.s.department of agriculture national forage seed production research center3450 sw campus waycorvallisor97331usa the genome center and department of plant sciences university of californiadavisca95616usa keygene n.v. p.o.box 2166700 aewageningenthe netherlands ag-biotech 9701 blue larkspur lanesuite amontereyca93940usa

Fresh-cut lettuce is popular,but highly perishable *** studies of two bi-parental populations derived from crossing parents with rapid and slow rates of deterioration showed that the deterioration rate is a heritable trait(broad spectrum heritability,H2 of 0.56–0.87).The maj.r genetic determinant of the deterioration rate in both populations was the quantitative trait locus(QTL),qSL4,located on linkage group *** QTL explained 40–74%of the total phenotypic variation of the trait in the two *** the qSL4 region with single-nucleotide(SNP)markers allowed detection of six haplotypes in a set of 16 lettuce accessions with different rates of *** of the haplotypes were always associated with very rapid rates of deterioration,while the other three haplotypes were associated with slow rates of *** SNPs located 53 bp apart were sufficient to separate the 16 accessions into two groups with different rates of *** accuracy of markers-trait association was subsequently tested on 350 plants from seven F2 families that originated from crossing parents with different rates of *** H2 of deterioration rate in these seven families ranged from 0.64 to *** SNP-based analysis accurately identified individuals with rapid,intermediate,and slow rates of deterioration in each *** rate of deterioration was found in individuals having heterozygous alleles at qSL4,indicating an additive effect of the *** assay can be used for fast,accurate,and reliable identification of deterioration rate after processing for salad.

关键词： deterioration linkage originated

Getting started in endoscopic ear surgery

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j.urnal of Otology 2020年第1期15卷 6-16页

作者： Peter ryan Carolina Wuesthoff Nirmal Patel Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery Royal North Shore HospitalSt LeonardsNSWAustralia Kolling Deafness Research Centre Macquarie University and University of SydneyNSWAustralia cSydney Endoscopic Ear Surgery Research Group Department of Otolaryngology-Head&Neck SurgeryFaculty of Medicine and Health SciencesMacquarie UniversitySydneyAustralia Discipline of Surgery Sydney Medical SchoolUniversity of SydneyAustralia

Endoscopic ear surgery(EES) is an exciting, rapidly developing and innovative field of otologic *** and conceptually, EES is a significant departure from traditional microscopic transcanal approaches to the middle ear and canal that has shown very positive results with respect to patient outcomes. This review serves as a primer for the otologist and otology resident embarking on EES and discusses the theory surrounding the learning process, the optical chain for endoscopic surgery as well as other important underlying principles.

关键词： Endoscopic Endoscopic Ear Surgery Optical Chain

Identification of anticancer drugs to radiosensitise BRAF-wild-type and mutant colorectal cancer

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Cancer Biology & Medicine 2019年第2期16卷 234-246页

作者： Rebecca Carter Azadeh Cheraghchi-Bashi Adam Westhorpe Sheng Yu Yasmin Shanneik Elena Seraia Dj.mila Ouaret Yasuhiro Inoue Catherine Koch j.nny Wilding Daniel Ebner Anderson j. ryan Francesca M. Buffa Ricky A. Sharma NIHR University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre/ UCL Cancer Institute University College London London WC1E 6DD UK NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre Department of Oncology University of Oxford Oxford 0X1 2JD UK Computational Biology and Integrative Genomics University of Oxford Oxford 0X1 2JD UK NDM Research Building Nuffield Department of Medicine University of Oxford Oxford 0X1 2JD UK Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine John Radcliffe Hospital University of Oxford Oxford 0X1 2JD UK Mie University Graduate School of Medicine Department of Gastrointestinal and Pediatric Surgery Division of Reparative Medicine Institute of Life Sciences Edobashi 2-174 Tsu Japan Departme nt of Biology Massachusetts In stitute of Tech no logy Cambridge Massachusetts 02142 USA Target Discovery Institute National Phenotypic Screening Centre Nuffield Department of Medicine University of OxfordOxford 0X1 2JD UK CRUK & MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology University of Oxford Oxford 0X1 2JD UK

Obj.ctive: Patients with BRAF-mutant colorectal cancer(CRC) have a poor prognosis. Molecular status is not currently used to select which drug to use in combination with radiotherapy. Our aim was to identify drugs that radiosensitise CRC cells with known BRAF ***: We screened 298 oncological drugs with and without ionising radiation in colorectal cancer cells isogenic for BRAF. Hits from rank product analysis were validated in a 16-cell line panel of human CRC cell lines, using clonogenic survival assays and xenograft models in ***: Most consistently identified hits were drugs targeting cell growth/proliferation or DNA damage repair. The most effective class of drugs that radiosensitised wild-type and mutant cell lines was PARP inhibitors. In clonogenic survival assays, talazoparib produced a radiation enhancement ratio of 1.9 in DLD1(BRAF-wildtype) cells and 1.8 in RKO(BRAF V600 E) cells. In DLD1 xenografts, talazoparib significantly increased the inhibitory effect of radiation on tumour growth(P ≤ 0.01).Conclusions: Our method for screening large drug libraries for radiosensitisation has identified PARP inhibitors as promising radiosensitisers of colorectal cancer cells with wild-type and mutant BRAF backgrounds.

关键词： Radiosensitizer colorectal cancer PARP inhibitor radiotherapy

Molecular regulation of sucrose catabolism and sugar transport for development~ defence and phloem function

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j.urnal of Integrative Plant Biology 2017年第5期59卷 322-335页

作者： j.n Li Limin Wu ryan Foster Yong-Ling Ruan Australia-China Research Centre for Crop Improvement and School of Environmental and Life Sciences The University of NewcastleNSW 2308 Australia CSIRO Agriculture Canberra ACT 26oi Australia

Sucrose （Suc） is the maj.r end product of photosynthesis in mesophyll cells of most vascular plants. It is loaded into phloem of mature leaves for long-distance translocation to non-photosynthetic organs where it is unloaded for diverse uses. Clearly, Suc transport and metabolism is central to plant growth and development and the functionality of the entire vascular system. Despite vast information in the literature about the physiological roles of individual sugar metabolic enzymes and transporters, there is a lack of systematic evaluation about their molecular regulation from transcriptional to post-translational levels. Knowledge on this topic is essential for understanding and improving plant development, optimizing resource distri- bution and increasing crop productivity. We therefore focused our analyses on molecular control of key players in Suc metabolism and transport, including：（i） the identifica- tion of promoter elements responsive to sugars and hormones or targeted by transcription factors and micro- RNAs degrading transcripts of target genes; and （ii） modulation of enzyme and transporter activities through protein-protein interactions and other post-translational modifications. We have highlighted maj.r remaining questions and discussed opportunities to exploit current understanding to gain new insights into molecular control of carbon partitioning for improving plant performance.

关键词： William j. Lucas University of California Davis USA

A person-centered approach to achievement goal orientations in competitive tennis players: Associations with motivation and mental toughness

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j.urnal of Sport and Health Science 2021年第1期10卷 73-81页

作者： Richard Gregory Cowden Nicolas Mascret Timothy ryan Duckett Department of Behavioural Medicine University of KwaZulu-NatalDurbanKwaZulu-Natal 4041South Africa Department of Psychology Middle Tennessee State UniversityMurfreesboroTN 37132USA Aix Marseille Univ CNRSISMMarseille 13007France Department of Educational Foundations and Leadership University of ToledoToledoOH 43610USA

Background:Research on achievement goal orientations in sport has typically relied on the use of variable-centered approaches that tend to overlook population *** this study,we used a person-centered approach to identify subgroups of competitive tennis players according to unique combinations of achievement goal orientations and tested for subgroup differences in motivation and mental ***:A sample of 323 competitive tennis athletes(69.35%male)between 15 and 25 years of age(17.60±2.40 years,mean±SD)completed the 3×2 Achievement Goal Questionnaire for Sport,Sport Motivation Scale Ⅱ,and Mental Toughness *** profile analysis was used to identify unique combinations of achievement goal *** between latent subgroups on autonomous motivation,controlled motivation,and mental toughness were performed using analysis of ***:Latent profile analysis supported 3 distinct patterns of achievement goal profiles that were primarily distinguishable based on valence of competence(i.e.,approach ***).Analyses of variance indicated that athletes who were classified into subgroups that endorsed approach types of goals(regardless of the types of avoidance goals they endorsed)reported higher levels of autonomous motivation and mental ***:Results indicated that athletes tend to pursue a number of achievement goals collectively rather than in *** approach goals are more commonly linked to adaptive psychological functioning and positive outcomes,avoidance goals may also be associated with desirable psychological characteristics if they are pursued in conj.nction with approach types of achievement goals.

关键词： Achievement goals Latent profile analysis Mental toughness Motivation Sport

Conservation management decreases surface runoff and soil erosion

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2022年第2期10卷 188-196页

作者： Xuan Du j.nshi j.an Can Du ryan D.Stewart Department of Hydraulic Engineering Yangling Vocational&Technical CollegeYang LingShaanxiChina State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau Northwest A&F UniversityYangling712100China Pacific Northwest National Laboratory-University of Maryland j.int Global Change Research Institute 5825 University Research CourtSuite3500College ParkMDUSA Department of Bioengineering Yangling Vocational&Technical CollegeYang LingShaanxiChina School of Plant and Environmental Sciences Virginia

Conservation management practices e including agroforestry,cover cropping,no-till,reduced tillage,and residue return e have been applied for decades to control surface runoff and soil erosion,yet results have not been integrated and evaluated across cropping *** this study we collected data comparing agricultural production with and without conservation management *** used a bootstrap resampling analysis to explore interactions between practice type,soil texture,surface runoff,and soil *** then used a correlation analysis to relate changes in surface runoff and soil erosion to 13 other soil health and agronomic indicators,including soil organic carbon,soil aggregation,infil-tration,porosity,subsurface leaching,and cash crop *** all conservation management practices,surface runoff and erosion had respective mean decreases of 67%and 80%compared with *** of cover cropping provided the largest decreases in erosion and surface runoff,thus emphasizing the importance of maintaining continuous vegetative cover on ***-and medium-textured soils had greater decreases in both erosion and runoff than fine-textured *** in surface runoff and soil erosion under conservation management were highly correlated with soil organic carbon,aggregation,porosity,infiltration,leaching,and yield,showing that conservation practices help drive important in-teractions between these different facets of soil *** study offers the first large-scale comparison of how different conservation agriculture practices reduce surface runoff and soil erosion,and at the same time provides new insight into how these interactions influence the improvement or loss of soil health。

关键词： Conservation management Soil erosion Runoff Meta-analysis Soil he

Pre-Lung transplant reflux testing demonstrates high prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux in cystic fibrosis and reduces chronic rej.ction risk

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World j.urnal of Transplantation 2023年第4期13卷 138-146页

作者： Wai-Kit Lo ryan Flanagan Nirmal Sharma Hilary j.Goldberg Walter W Chan Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology and EndoscopyBrigham and Women's HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Brigham and Women's HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02115United States

BACKGROUND Gastroesophageal reflux(GER)has been associated with poor outcomes after lung transplantation for chronic lung disease,including increased risk of chronic *** is common in cystic fibrosis(CF),but factors influencing the likelihood of pre-transplant pH testing,and the impact of testing on clinical management and transplant outcomes in patients with CF are *** To evaluate the role of pre-transplant reflux testing in the evaluation of lung transplant candidates with *** This was a retrospective study from 2007-2019 at a tertiary medical center that included all patients with CF undergoing lung *** with pretransplant anti-reflux surgery were *** characteristics(age at transplantation,gender,race,body mass index),self-reported GER symptoms prior to transplantation,and pre-transplant cardiopulmonary testing results,were *** testing consisted of either 24-h pH-or combined multichannel intraluminal impedance and pH ***-transplant care included a standard immunosuppressive regimen,and regular surveillance bronchoscopy and pulmonary spirometry in accordance with institutional practice as well as in symptomatic *** primary outcome of chronic lung allograft dysfunction(CLAD)was defined clinically and histologically per International Society of Heart and Lung Transplantation *** analysis was performed with Fisher’s exact test to assess differences between cohorts,and time-to-event Cox proportional hazards *** After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria,a total of 60 patients were included in the *** all CF patients,41(68.3%)completed reflux monitoring as part of pre-lung transplant *** evidence of pathologic reflux,defined as acid exposure time>4%,was found in 24 subj.cts,representing 58%of the tested *** patients with pre-transplant reflux testing were older(35.8 vs 30.1 years,P=0.01)and more commonly reported typical

关键词： Cystic fibrosis Gastroesophageal reflux Lung transplantation pH monitoring

Real-time temperature prediction of electric machines using machine learning with physically informed features

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Energy and AI 2023年第4期14卷 415-425页

作者： ryan Hughes Thomas Haidinger Xiaoze Pei Christopher Vagg University of Bath UK AVL List GmbH Austria

Accurate estimation of the internal temperatures of electric machines is critical to increasing their power density and reliability since key temperatures,such as magnet temperature,are often difficult to *** work presents a new machine learning based modelling approach,incorporating novel physically informed feature engineering,which achieves best-in-class accuracy and reduced training *** different features introduced are proportional to sources of machine losses and require no prior knowledge of the machine,hence the models are completely data *** using a standard experimental dataset shows that modelling errors can be reduced by up to 82.5%,resulting in the lowest mean squared error recorded in the literature of 2.40 K^(2).Additionally,models can be trained with less training data and have lower sensitivity to data ***-ically,it was possible to train a loss enhanced multilayer perceptron model to a mean squared errorj.st 60 h to the same *** inference time of the model can be 1–2 orders of magnitude faster than competing models and requires no time to optimise hyperparameters,compared to weeks or months for other state-of-the-art prediction *** results are highly important for enabling low-cost real-time temperature monitoring of electric machines to improve operational efficiency,safety,reliability,and power density.

关键词： Thermal model Real-time Electric machine Machine learning Losses