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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2004年第4期20卷 396-402页

作者： YU j. j. Electronic & Electrical Engineering University College London

We have successfully demonstrated that high quality and high dielectric constant layers can be fabricated by low temperature photo-induced or -assisted processing. Ta_2O_5 and ZrO_2 have been deposited at t<400 ℃ by means of a UV photo-CVD technique and HfO_2 by photo-assisted sol-gel processing with the aid of excimer lamps. The UV annealing of as-grown layers was found to significantly improve their electrical properties. Low leakage current densities on the order of 10 -8 A/cm 2 at 1 MV/cm for deposited ultrathin Ta_2O_5 films and ca.10 -6 A/cm 2 for the photo-CVD ZrO_2 layers and photo-irradiated sol-gel HfO_2 layers have been readily achieved. The improvement in the leakage properties of these layers is attributed to the UV-generated active oxygen species O( 1D) which strongly oxidize any suboxides to form more stoichiometric oxides on removing certain defects, oxygen vacancies and impurities present in the as-prepared layers. The photo-CVD Ta_2O_5 films deposited across 10.16-cm Si wafers exhibit a high thickness uniformity with a variation of less than \{±2.0%\} being obtained for ultrathin ca.10 nm thick films. The lamp technology can in principle be extended to larger area wafers, providing a promising low temperature route to the fabrication of a range of high quality thin films for future ULSI technology.

关键词： Excimer lamp High-kdielectrics Thin film Chemical vapour deposition(CVD) Sol-gel processing

Water transport to the core–mantle boundary

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National Science Review 2021年第4期8卷 13-16页

作者： michael j.Walter Earth and Planets Laboratory Carnegie Institution for Science

Water can have remarkable effects when exposed to rocks at high pressures and temperatures. It can form new minerals with unique properties and often profoundly affects the physical, transport and rheological properti...

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Temporal dynamics of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy inj.ries on magnetic resonance imaging

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第11期20卷 3144-3150页

作者： Holly Flyger Samantha j.Holdsworth Alistair j.Gunn Laura Bennet Hamid Abbasi Mātai Medical Research Institute Tairāwhiti GisborneNew Zealand Department of Anatomy&Medical Imaging Faculty of Medical and Health SciencesThe University of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand Center for Brain Research The University of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand Auckland Bioengineering Institute The University of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand

Moderate to severe perinatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy occurs in~1 to 3/1000 live births in high-income countries and is associated with a significant risk of death or neurodevelopmental *** assessment is important to help identify highrisk infants,to help families,and to support appropriate interventions.A wide range of monitoring tools is available to assess changes over time,including urine and blood biomarkers,neurological examination,and *** present,magnetic resonance imaging is unique as although it is expensive and not suited to monitoring the early evolution of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy by a week of life it can provide direct insight into the anatomical changes in the brain after hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy and so offers strong prognostic information on the long-term outcome after hypoxic-ischemic *** review investigated the temporal dynamics of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy inj.ries,with a particular emphasis on exploring the correlation between the prognostic implications of magnetic resonance imaging scans in the first week of life and their relationship to long-term outcome prediction,particularly for infants treated with therapeutic hypothermia.A comprehensive literature search,from 2016 to 2024,identified 20 pertinent *** review highlights that while the optimal timing of magnetic resonance imaging scans is not clear,overall,it suggests that magnetic resonance imaging within the first week of life provides strong prognostic *** challenges limit the timing consistency,particularly the need for intensive care and clinical ***,although most reports examined the prognostic value of scans taken between 4 and 10 days after birth,there is evidence from small numbers of cases that,at times,brain inj.ry may continue to evolve for weeks after *** suggests that in the future it will be important to explore a wider range of times after hypo

关键词： magnetic resonance imaging neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy neurodevelopmental outcomes prognostic biomarkers in neuroimaging scan timing therapeutic hypothermia

Study skills in English /

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An improved culturing method for opiine fruit fly parasitoids and its application to parasitoid monitoring in the field

1000年

作者： Wallace michael j.

来源：畅想之星图书光盘版（南... 评论

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Insect Science 2018年第1期25卷 99-108页

作者： Ayad Masry michael j. Furlong Anthony R. Clarke j.hn Paul Cunningham School of Earth Environmental and Biological Sciences School Queensland University of Technology (QUT) Brisbane Queensland Australia School of Biological Sciences the University of Queensland St Lucia Queensland Australia plant Biosecurity Cooperative Research Centre Bruce ACT Australia Department of Economic Development Jobs Transport and Resources AgriBio Centre La Trobe University Bundoora Victoria Australia

Good culturing methods play an important role in the study of insect behavior and its application to pest management. Here, we describe and validate a new method for rearing the parasitoid wasp, Diachasmirnorpha kraussii, which attacks some of the world＇s worst fruit fly pests and is an internationally used biological control agent. Our method differs from standard culturing approaches by presenting adult wasps with host- infested artificial media within a ＂culturing bag,＂ which mimics a natural （fruit） oviposition substrate. In laboratory trials using wild collected D. kraussii, the culturing bag method was compared to the use of host-infested nectarines, and a commonly used laboratory method of presenting host-infested artificial media within Petri dishes. The culturing bag method proved to be a significant improvement on both methods, combining the advantages of high host survival in artificial media with parasitism levels that were the equivalent to those recorded using host-infested fruits. In our field study, culturing bags infested with the Queensland fruit fly, Bactrocera tryoni, and hung in a mixed peach and nectarine orchard proved to be effective ＂artificial fruits＂ attracting wild D. kraussii for oviposition. Significantly more adult wasps were reared from the culturing bags compared to field collected fruits. This was shown to be due to higher fruit fly larval density in the bags, as similar percentage parasitism rates were found between the culturing bags and ripe fruits. We discuss how this cheap, time-efficient method could be applied to collecting and monitoring wild D. kraussii populations in orchards, and assist in maintaining genetic variability in parasitoid laboratory cultures.

关键词： Bactrocera biological control fruit fly mass rearing natural enemies Tephritidae wasp

Measuring the spatial and social characteristics of the architectural plans of aged care facilities

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Frontiers of Architectural Research 2017年第4期6卷 431-441页

作者： j. Hyun Lee michael j. Ostwaid Hyunsoo Lee School of Architecture and Built Environment The University of Newcastle Callaghan NSW 2308 Australia Department of Interior Architecture and Built Environment Yonsei University Seoul 03722 Republic of Korea

This paper presents a method that combines visibility graph and isovist analyses to investigate the spatia[ and social properties of architectural plans for aged care facilities. The potential of the combined method is examined by measuring the properties of three sets of plans for residential aged care facilities. The first set is a pair of hypothetical, idealized plans, which allegedly reflect the ＂best practice＂ in the industry. The second set comprises a pair of plans for recent Australian designs, and the third set is a pair of plans for South Korean facilities. Results of the computational anatysis of these six plans suggest that social and cultural factors may shape the design of aged care settings and partially explain their international differences. The application of this methodological approach contributes to the understanding of the relation- ship between spaces and their cultural and social properties in the design of aged care facitities.

关键词： Visibitity graph anaty-sis (VGA) Space Syntax Aged care facility Isovist property Sociocutturalcharacteristics

On localization with robust power control for safety critical wireless sensor networks

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控制理论与应用（英文版） 2011年第1期9卷 83-92页

作者： michael j. WALSH Anthony FEE j.hn BARTON Brendan O'FLYNN Martin j. HAYES Cian O'MATHUNA Clarity Center for Web Technologies Microsystems Centre-Tyndall National Institute Lee MaltingsUniversity College CorkCorkIreland Wireless Access Research Center University of LimerickLimerickIreland

A hybrid methodology is proposed for use in low power, safety critical wireless sensor network applications, where quality-of-service orientated transceiver output power control is required to operate in parallel with radio frequency-based localization. The practical implementation is framed in an experimental procedure designed to track a moving agent in a realistic indoor environment. An adaptive time synchronized approach is employed to ensure the positioning technique can operate effectively in the presence of dataloss and where the transmitter output power of the mobile agent is varying due to power control. A deterministic multilateration-based positioning approach is adopted and accuracy is improved by filtering signal strength measurements overtime to account for multipath fading. The location estimate is arrived at by employing least-squares estimation. Power control is implemented at two separate levels in the network topology. First, power control is applied to the uplink between the tracking reference nodes and the centralized access point. A number of algorithms are implemented highlighting the advantage associated with using additional feedback bandwidth, where available, and also the need for effective time delay compensation. The second layer of power control is implemented on the uplink between the mobile agent and the access point and here quantifiable improvements in quality of service and energy efficiency are observed. The hybrid paradigm is extensively tested experimentally on a fully compliant 802.15.4 testbed, where mobility is considered in the problem formulation using a team of fully autonomous robots.

关键词： Wireless sensor network Power control Localization

Concordance among indices of intrinsic brain function： Insights from inter-individual variation and temporal dynamics

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Science Bulletin 2017年第23期62卷 1572-1584页

作者： Chao-Gan Yan Zhen Yang Stanley j. Colcombe Xi-Nian Zuo michael P. Milham CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science Institute of Psychology Beijing 100101 China Departrnent of Psychology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China Magnetic Resonance Imaging Research Center Institute of Psychology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China center for Lifespan Innovation of Mind and Brain Institute of Psychology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research Orangeburg NY 10962 USA Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry NYU Langone Medical Center School of Medicine New York NY 10016 USA Center for Neuromodulation in Depression and Stress Department of Psychiatry Perelman School of Medidne University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA 19104 USA Child Mind Institute New York NY 10022 USA

Various resting-state fMRI(R-fMRI) measures have been developed to characterize intrinsic brain activity. While each of these measures has gained a growing presence in the literature, questions remain regarding the common and unique aspects these indices capture. The present work provided a comprehensive examination of inter-individual variation and intra-individual temporal variation for commonly used measures, including fractional amplitude of low frequency fluctuations, regional homogeneity,voxel-mirrored homotopic connectivity, network centrality and global signal correlation. Regardless of whether examining intra-individual or inter-individual variation, we found that these definitionally distinct R-fMRI indices tend to exhibit a relatively high degree of covariation, which doesn't exist in phase randomized surrogate data. As a measure of intrinsic brain function, concordance for R-fMRI indices was negatively correlated with age across individuals(i.e., concordance among functional indices decreased with age). To understand the functional significance of concordance, we noted that higher concordance was generally associated with higher strengths of R-fMRI indices, regardless of whether looking through the lens of inter-individual(i.e., high vs. low concordance participants) or intra-individual(i.e., high *** concordance states identified via temporal dynamic analyses) differences. We also noted a linear increase in functional concordance together with the R-fMRI indices through the scan, which may suggest a decrease in arousal. The current study demonstrated an enriched picture regarding the relationship among the R-fMRI indices, as well as provided new insights in examining dynamic states within and between individuals.

关键词： Resting-state fMRI Intrinsic brain activity Concordance Temporal dynamics Inter-individual variation

Smelling fit： scent marking exposes parasitic infection status in the banded mongoose

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Current Zoology 2017年第3期63卷 237-247页

作者： j.ssica MITCHELL michael A. CANT Emma I.K. VITIKAINEN Hazel j. NICHOLS School of Natural Sciences and Psychology Liverpool John Moores University Liverpool L3 AF UK Centrefor Ecology and Conservation University of Exeter Penryn Campus TRIO 9FE UK

Preference for uninfected mates is presumed beneficial as it minimizes one＇s risk of contracting an infection and infecting one＇s offspring. In avian systems, visual ornaments are often used to indi- cate parasite burdens and facilitate mate choice. However, in mammals, olfactory cues have been proposed to act as a mechanism allowing potential mates to be discriminated by infection status. The effect of infection upon mammalian mate choice is mainly studied in captive rodents where ex- perimental trials support preference for the odors of uninfected mates and some data suggest scent marking is reduced in individuals with high infection burdens. Nevertheless, whether such effects occur in nonmodel and wild systems remains poorly understood. Here, we investigate the interplay between parasite load （estimated using fecal egg counts） and scent marking behavior in a wild population of banded mongooses Mungos mungo. Focusing on a costly protozoan parasite of the genus Isospora and the nematode worm Toxocara, we first show that banded mongooses that engage in frequent, intensive scent marking have lower Isospora loads, suggesting marking behavior may be an indicator trait regarding infection status. We then use odor presentations to demonstrate that banded mongooses mark less in response to odors of opposite sexed individuals with high Isospora and Toxocara loads. As both of these parasites are known to have detrimental effects upon the health of preweaned young in other species, they would appear key targets to avoid during mate choice. Results provide support for scent as an important ornament and mechanism for advertising parasitic infection within wild mammals.

关键词： Isospora olfaction parasite scent scent preferences Toxocara.

Differential mRNA Translation in Medicago truncatula Accessions with Contrasting Responses to Ozone-Induced Oxidative Stress

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Molecular Plant 2012年第1期5卷 187-204页

作者： michael Puckett Niranj.ni j. lyer YuhongTang Xin-Bin Dai Patrick Zhao Ramamurthy Mahalingam 246 Noble Research Center Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Oklahoma State University Stillwater OK 74078 USA Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation 2510 Sam Noble Parkway Ardmore OK 73401 USA

Acute ozone is a model abiotic elicitor of oxidative stress and a useful tool for understanding biochemical and molecular events during oxidative signaling. Two Medicago truncatula accessions with contrasting responses to ozone were used to examine translational regulation during ozone stress. In ozone-resistant j.154, significant reduction in ri- bosome loading was observed within one hour of ozone treatment, suggesting energy homeostasis as a vital factor for oxidative stress management. Polysomal RNA-based expression profiling with Affymetrix arrays revealed extensive changes in the translatomes of both accessions. Messenger RNAs with low GC content in their 5＇ and 3＇-UTRs were pref- erentially associated with polysomes during oxidative stress. Genebins analysis revealed extensive changes in various gene ontologies in both accessions. Extensive changes in nicotinate and nicotinamide metabolism genes were corrobo- rated with increased levels of NAD＋ and NADH in j.154. The significantly lower NAD＋：NADH redox status in j.154, in conj.nction with higher ATP amounts, provided a cellular milieu conducive for overcoming oxidative stress. Low levels of ATP, NADH, and suppression of antioxidant defense responses, abet build-up of ozone-derived ROS and ultimately lead to oxidative cell death in j.malong.

关键词： Abiotic/environmental stress oxidative and photo-oxidative stress gene expression Medicago truncatula.