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A Surve. of Unbalance. Flow Diagnostics and The.r Application

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Advance. in Atmosphe.ic Scie.ce. 2000年第2期17卷 165-183页

作者： Fuqing Zhang Ste.e. e. Koch Christophe. A. davis and michael L. Kaplan De.artme.t of Marine Earth and Atmospheric Sciences North Carolina State University Raleigh USA National Ce.te. for Atmosphe.ic Re.e.rch Boulder USA

This pape. pre.e.ts an e.te.sive.surve. of the.most commonly use. tools for diagnosing unbalance. flow in the.atmosphe.e. name.y the.Lagrangian Rossby numbe., Psi ve.tor, dive.ge.ce.e.uation, nonline.r balance.e.uation, ge.e.alize. ome.a-e.uation, and de.arture.from fie.ds obtaine. by pote.tial vorticity (PV) inve.sion. The.basic thoe.y, assumptions as we.l as imple.e.tation and limitations for e.ch of the.tools are.all discusse.. The.e.tools are.applie. to high—re.olution me.oscale.mode. data to asse.s the.role.of unbalance. dynamics in the.ge.e.ation of a me.oscale.gravity wave.e.e.t ove. the.e.st Coast of the.Unite. State.. Comparison of the.e.tools in this case.study shows that the.e.various me.hods agre. to a large.e.te.t with e.ch othe. though the. diffe. in de.ails. Ke. words Unbalance. flow - Ge.strophic adjustme.t - Gravity wave. - Nonline.r balance.e.uation - Pote.tial vorticity inve.sion - Ome.a e.uations - Rossby numbe. This re.e.rch was conducte. unde. support from NSF grant ATM-9700626 of the.Unite. State.. The.nume.ical computations de.cribe. he.e.n we.e.pe.forme. on the.Cray T90 at the.North Carolina Supe.computing Ce.te. and the.Cray supe.compute. at the.NCAR Scie.tific Computing Division, which also provide. the.initialization fie.ds for the.MM5. Thanks are.e.te.de. to Mark Stoe.inga at Unive.sity of Washington for the.RIP post-proce.sing package.

关键词： Unbalance. flow Ge.strophic adjustme.t Gravity wave. Nonline.r balance.e.uation Pote.tial vorticity inve.sion Ome.a e.uations Rossby numbe.

Fluoroace.ate.in plants - a re.ie. of its distribution, toxicity to live.tock and microbial de.oxification

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作者： Jack e. davis.

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Journal of Animal Scie.ce.and Biote.hnology 2017年第4期8卷 813-823页

作者： Le. e. Xiang Le.ng Shahjalal Khan Carl K. davis Stuart e. De.man Chris S. McSwe.ne. School of Che.istry and Mole.ular Bioscie.ce University of Queensland St Lucia 4072 QLD Australia. School of Agriculture.and Food Scie.ce. University of Queensland St Lucia 4072 QLD Australia CSIRO Agriculture.and Food Queensland Bioscience Precinct St Lucia 4072 QLD Australia

Fluoroace.ate.producing plants grow worldwide.and it is be.ie.e. the. produce.this toxic compound as a de.e.ce.me.hanism against grazing by he.bivore.. Inge.tion by live.tock ofte. re.ults in fatal poisonings, which cause. significant e.onomic proble.s to comme.cial farme.s in many countrie. such as Australia, Brazil and South *** approache. have.be.n adopte. to prote.t live.tock from the.toxicity with limite. succe.s including fe.cing,toxic plant e.adication and age.ts that bind the.toxin. Ge.e.ically modifie. bacte.ia capable.of de.rading fluoroace.ate.have.be.n able.to prote.t ruminants from fluoroace.ate.toxicity unde. e.pe.ime.tal conditions but conce.ns ove. the.re.e.se.of the.e.microbe. into the.e.vironme.t have.pre.e.te. the.application of this ***, a native.bacte.ium from an Australian bovine.rume. was isolate. which can de.rade.fluoroace.ate. This bacte.ium, strain MFA1, which be.ongs to the.Syne.giste.e. phylum de.rade. fluoroace.ate.to fluoride.ions and ace.ate. The.discove.y and isolation of this bacte.ium provide. a ne. opportunity to de.oxify fluoroace.ate.in the.rume.. This re.ie. focuse. on fluoroace.ate.toxicity in ruminant live.tock, the.me.hanism of fluoroace.ate.toxicity,tole.ance.of some.animals to fluoroace.te. pre.ious atte.pts to mitigate.toxicity, ae.obic and anae.obic microbial de.radation of fluoroace.ate. and future.dire.tions to ove.come.fluoroace.ate.toxicity.

关键词： Ae.obic Anae.obic De.radation De.aloge.ase Fluoroace.ate 1080 Syne.giste.e. TCA Toxicity

Host plant se.e.tion of Chrysolina clathrata （Cole.pte.a： Chrysome.idae. from Mpumalanga, South Africa

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Inse.t Scie.ce 2009年第1期16卷 81-88页

作者： Robe.t S. Boyd Miche.l A. davis michael A. Wall Ke.in Balkwill De.artme.t of Biological Scie.ce. Auburn University Auburn Alabama De.artme.t of Biological Scie.ce. University of Southern Mississippi Hattiesburg Mississippi e.tomology De.artme.t San Diego Natural History Museum San Diego California USA C.e. Moss He.barium School of Animal and Plant Sciences University of the Witwatersrand Private Bag 3 WITS 2050 Johannesburg South Africa

Hype.accumulate. e.e.e.ts such as Ni may de.e.d plants against some.natural e.e.ie. whe.e.s othe. e.e.ie. may circumve.t this de.e.se. The.Ni hype.accumulator Be.khe.a coddii Roe.sle. （Aste.ace.e. is a host plant spe.ie. for Chrysolina clathrata （Clark）, which suffe.s no appare.t harm by consuming its le.f tissue. Be.tle.spe.ime.s colle.te. from B. coddii had a whole.body Ni conce.tration of 260μg/g dry we.ght, de.pite.consuming le.f mate.ial containing 15 100μg Ni/g. Two e.pe.ime.ts we.e.conducte. with adults of this be.tle.spe.ie.： a no-choice.e.pe.ime.t and a choice.e.pe.ime.t. In the.nochoice.e.pe.ime.t we.offe.e. be.tle. foliage.of one.of four spe.ie. ofBe.khe.a： B. coddii, B. re.mannii The.l. var. roge.siana The.l., B. e.hinace. （Harv.） O. Hoffm. e. Burtt Dave., and B. insignis （Harv.） The.l. The.two forme. spe.ie. are.Ni hype.accumulators （de.ine. as having le.fNi conce.tration 〉 1 000 μg/g） whe.e.s the.latte. have.low Ni le.e.s （〈 200 μg/g） in the.r le.ve.. Masse. of be.tle. we.e.monitore. for 6 days. Choice.e.pe.ime.ts use. growing ste. tips from the.same.Be.khe.a spe.ie., place. into Pe.ri dishe. with five.Chrysolina be.tle. in e.ch, and the.amount of fe.ding damage.cause. on e.ch of the.four spe.ie. was re.orde.. Be.tle. in the.no-choice.e.pe.ime.t gaine. mass whe. offe.e. B. coddii, maintaine. mass on le.ve. of the.othe. Ni hype.accumulator （B. re.mannii var. roge.siana）, and lost mass whe. offe.e. non-hype.accumulator le.ve.. In the.choice.te.t, be.tle. strongly pre.e.re. B. coddii to othe. Be.khe.a spe.ie.. We.conclude.that C. clathrata may be.host-spe.ific on B. coddii.

关键词： Be.khe.a coddii bioaccumulation he.vy me.als host plant spe.ialist nicke.

Host-he.bivore.studie. of Ste.osce.a sp. （Orthopte.a：Pyrgomorphidae., a high-Ni he.bivore.of the.South African Ni hype.accumulator Be.khe.a coddii （Aste.ace.e.

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Inse.t Scie.ce 2007年第2期14卷 133-143页

作者： ROBe.T S. BOYD MICHe.L A. davis michael A. WALL Ke.IN BALKWILL De.artme.t of Biological Scie.ce. Auburn University Auburn Alabama University of the Witwatersrand Johannesburg South Africa De.artme.t of Biological Scie.ce. University of Southern Mississippi Hattiesburg MS University of the Witwatersrand Johannesburg South Africa e.tomology De.artme.t San Diego Natural History Museum San Diego California USA C.e. Moss He.barium School of Animal and Plant Sciences University of the Witwatersrand Johannesburg South Africa

Nymphs of Ste.osce.a sp. fe.d on le.ve. of the.Ni hype.accumulator Be.khe.a coddii at se.pe.tine.site. in Mpumalanga Province. South Africa. The.e.site. contain Ni hype.accumulators, Ni accumulators, and plants with Ni conce.trations in the.normal range. We.conducte. studie. to：（i） de.e.mine.the.whole.body me.al conce.tration of nymphs （including those.starve. to e.pty the.r guts）; （ii） compare.Ste.osce.a sp. nymphs against othe. grasshoppe.s in the.same.habitat for whole.body me.al conce.trations; and （iii）compare.the.suitability of Ni hype.accumulator and Ni accumulator plants as food source. for Ste.osce.a sp. and othe. grasshoppe.s. Ste.osce.a nymphs had e.tre.e.y high whole.body Ni conce.trations （3 500μg Ni/g）. This was partly due.to food in the.gut, as starve. inse.ts containe. le.s Ni （950 pg Ni/g）. Ste.osce.a nymphs survive. significantly be.te. than othe. grasshoppe.s colle.te. from e.the. a se.pe.tine.or a non-se.pe.tine.site.whe. offe.e. high-Ni plants as food. In a host pre.e.e.ce.te.t among four Be.khe.a spe.ie. （two Ni hype.accumulators and two Ni accumulators）, Ste.osce.a sp, pre.e.re. le.ve. of the.Ni hype.accumulator spe.ie.. A pre.e.e.ce.e.pe.ime.t using le.ve. of thre. Se.e.io spe.ie. （of which one.spe.ie., Se.e.io coronatus, was re.re.e.te. by both a Ni hype.accumulator and a Ni accumulator population） showe. that Ste.osce.a sp. pre.e.re. Ni accumulator Se.e.io coronatus le.ve. to all othe. choice.. We.conclude.that Ste.osce.a sp. is e.tre.e.y Ni-tole.ant. Ste.osce.a sp. nymphs pre.e. le.ve. of hype.accumulator Be.khe.a spe.ie., but e.e.ate. Ni conce.tration alone.doe. not de.e.mine.the.r food pre.e.e.ce. We.sugge.t that the.e.tre.e.y high whole.body Ni conce.tration of Ste.osce.a nymphs may affe.t food we. re.ationships in the.e.se.pe.tine.communitie..

关键词： Be.khe.a coddii biomagnification food we.s he.vy me.als hype.accumulation,South Africa

Re.e.tion of fin clips and fin and ope.culum punch marks in rainbow trout

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Aquaculture.and Fishe.ie. 2022年第6期7卷 660-663页

作者： Ale. J.Rosburg Jacob L.davis michael e.Barne. South Dakota De.artme.t of Game Fishand Parks4725 Jackson BoulevardRapid CitySD57702USA South Dakota De.artme.t of Game Fishand Parks4130 Adventure TrailRapid CitySD57702USA South Dakota De.artme.t of Game Fishand Parks19619 Trout Loop SpearfishSouth Dakota57783USA

Fin clips(comple.e.fin re.oval)or punch marks(stamping of a hole.in fins or ope.culum are.quick and ine.pe.sive.me.hods to ide.tify individuals or groups of *** study e.aluate. the.re.e.tion of 6 mm diame.e. punch marks on the.ope.culum,caudal(uppe. and lowe. lobe.),dorsal,pe.vic,and anal fins,and fin clips on adipose.pe.toral,pe.vic,dorsal and anal fins of rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss for 279 *** and survival we.e.not significantly diffe.e.t among fish with the.diffe.e.t mark type. or *** the.e.d of the.e.pe.ime.t,100%of adipose.clips,97%of pe.toral and anal fin clips,and 93%of dorsal clips and pe.vic fin clips we.e.*** of punch marks was 57%and 50%for the.lowe. and uppe. caudal fin lobe.locations re.pe.tive.y,23%for the.dorsal fin,and 3%for the.*** pe.vic or anal fin punch marks we.e.ide.tifie. at the.e.d of the.*** diffe.e.ce. in re.e.tion among the.tre.tme.t groups did not occur until 125 days post marking,afte. which all fin clip tre.tme.ts had significantly gre.te. re.e.tion than pe.vic and dorsal punch *** 244 days,fin clips outpe.forme. all punch mark locations.

关键词： Marking Rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Fin punch Fin clip Mark re.e.tion

The.Turtle.ack Diagram for Conditional Probability

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Ope. Journal of Statistics 2018年第4期8卷 684-705页

作者： Donghui Yan Gary e. davis De.artme.t of Mathe.atics University of Massachusetts Dartmouth MA USA

We.e.aborate.on an alte.native.re.re.e.tation of conditional probability to the.usual tre. diagram. We.te.m the.re.re.e.tation “turtle.ack diagram” for its re.e.blance.to the.patte.n on turtle.she.ls. Adopting the.se. the.re.ic vie. of e.e.ts and the.sample.space. the.turtle.ack diagram use. e.e.e.ts from Ve.n diagrams—se. inte.se.tion, comple.e.t and partition—for conditioning, with the.additional notion that the.are. of a se. indicate. probability whe.e.s the.ratio of are.s for conditional probability. Once.parts of the.diagram are.drawn and prope.ly labe.e., the.calculation of conditional probability involve. only simple.arithme.ic on the.are. of re.e.ant se.s. We.discuss turtle.ack diagrams in re.ation to othe. visual re.re.e.tations of conditional probability, and de.ail se.e.al sce.arios in which turtle.ack diagrams prove.use.ul. By the.e.uivale.ce.of re.ursive.space.partition and the.tre., the.turtle.ack diagram is se.n to be.e.ually e.pre.sive.as the.tre. diagram for abstract conce.ts. We.also provide.e.pirical data on the.use.of turtle.ack diagrams with unde.graduate.stude.ts in e.e.e.tary statistics or probability course..

关键词： Visualization Graph Re.re.e.tation Re.ursive Space Partition Ve.n Diagram

Me.al conce.trations of inse.ts associate. with the.South African Ni hype.accumulator Be.khe.a coddii （Aste.ace.e.

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Inse.t Scie.ce 2006年第2期13卷 85-102页

作者： ROBe.T S. BOYD MICHe.L A. davis michael A. WALL Ke.IN BALKWILL De.artme.t of Biological Scie.ce. Auburn University Auburn De.artme.t of Biological Scie.ce. University of Southern Mississippi Hattiesburg e.tomology De.artme.t San Diego Natural History Museum San Diego USA C.e. Moss He.barium School of Animal and Plant Sciences University of the Witwatersrand South Africa

The.high le.e.s of some.me.als in me.al hype.accumulator plants may be.transfe.re. to inse.t associate.. We.surve.e. inse.ts colle.te. from the.South African Ni hype.accumulator Be.khe.a coddii to docume.t whole.body me.al conce.trations （Co, Cr, Cu, Mg, Mn, Ni, Pb, Zn）. We.also docume.te. the.conce.trations of the.e.me.als in le.ve., ste.s and inflore.ce.ce., finding e.tre.e.y e.e.ate. le.e.s of Ni （4 700-16 000μg/g） and high value. （5-34μg/g） for Co, Cr, and Pb. Of 26 inse.t morphotype. colle.te. from B. coddii, se.e. he.e.opte.ans, one.cole.pte.an, and one.orthopte.an containe. re.ative.y high conce.trations of Ni （〉 500μg/g）. The.large.numbe. of high-Ni he.e.opte.ans adds to discove.ie. of othe.s （from California USA and Ne. Cale.onia） and sugge.ts that me.be.s of this inse.t orde. may be.particularly Ni tole.ant. Nymphs of the.orthopte.an （Ste.osce.a） containe. 3 500 μg Ni/g, the.gre.te.t Ni conce.tration ye. re.orte. for an inse.t. We.also found two be.tle. with e.e.ate. le.e.s of Mg （〉 2 800 μg/g）, one.be.tle.with e.e.ate. Cu （〉 70 μg/g） and one.he.e.opte.an with an e.e.ate. le.e. of Mn （〉 200 μg/g）. Our re.ults show that inse.ts fe.ding on a Ni hype.accumulator can mobilize.Ni into food we.s, although we.found no e.ide.ce.of Ni biomagnification in e.the. he.bivore.or carnivore.inse.t taxa. We.also conclude.that some.inse.ts associate. with hype.accumulators can contain Ni le.e.s that are.high e.ough to be.toxic to ve.te.rate..

关键词： Be.khe.a coddii biomagnification food we.s he.vy me.als hype.accumulation,South Africa

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振动微液滴的传质机理与模型

化工学报 2004年第8期55卷 1230-1236页

作者：关国强朱家骅杨雪峰冯昭华余徽 davis e. Jame. 四川大学化工学院 Unive.sity of Washington Seattle WA 98195-1750 USA

提出了微液滴振动传质的机理模型 ,基于微液滴振动引起的周围流体介质周期性变化流场和基本输运方程 ,得到简化的传质控制方程及其数值解 ,模拟结果表明传质组分的浓度分布具有明显的非均匀特征 ,其迎流面的浓度梯度显著大于背流面 ,导... 详细信息

提出了微液滴振动传质的机理模型 ,基于微液滴振动引起的周围流体介质周期性变化流场和基本输运方程 ,得到简化的传质控制方程及其数值解 ,模拟结果表明传质组分的浓度分布具有明显的非均匀特征 ,其迎流面的浓度梯度显著大于背流面 ,导出的平均She.wood数和传质速率随振动频率增加而增大 .采用电动力学天平中作一维拟简谐振动的十二烷醇微液滴在氮气介质中的蒸发传质实验数据对模型进行验证 ,结果表明本文模型所预测的平均She.wood数变化趋势与实验结果一致 ,平均She.wood数预测误差为 39 5 % 。

关键词：微液滴振动传质电动力学天平