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evolutionary dynamics of leucine‐rich repeat receptor‐like kinases and related genes in plants:A phylogenomic approach

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2014年第7期56卷 648-662页

作者： Tao Shi Hongwen Huang michael J.Sanderson Frans e.Tax Department of ecology and evolutionary Biology University of Arizona School of Life Sciences Lanzhou University South China Botanical Garden the Chinese Academy of Sciences Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology University of Arizona School of Plant Sciences University of Arizona

Leucine-rich repeat （Lrr） receptor-like kinases （rLKs）, evolutionarily related Lrr receptor-like proteins （rLPs） and receptor-like cytoplasmic kinases （rLCKs） have important roles in plant signaling, and their gene subfamilies are large with a complicated history of gene duplication and loss. In three pairs of closely related lineages, including Arabidopsis thaliana and A. lyrata （Arabidopsis）, Lotus japonicus, and Medicago truncatula （Legumes）, Oryza sativa ssp. japonica, and O. sativa ssp. indica （rice）, we find that Lrr rLKs comprise the largest group of these Lrr-related subfamilies, while the related rLCKs represent the smal est group. In addition, comparison of orthologs indicates a high frequency of reciprocal gene loss of the Lrr rLK/Lrr rLP/rLCK subfamilies. Furthermore, pairwise comparisons show that reciprocal gene loss is often associated with lineage-specific duplication（s） in the alternative lineage. Last, analysis of genes in A. thaliana involved in development revealed that most are highly conserved orthologs without species-specific duplication in the two Arabidopsis species and originated from older Arabidopsis-specific or rosid-specific duplications. We discuss＆amp;nbsp;potential pitfal s related to functional prediction for genes that have undergone frequent turnover （duplications, losses, and domain architecture changes）, and conclude that prediction based on phylogenetic relationships wil likely outperform that based on sequence similarity alone.

关键词： Domain architecture evolution gene duplication and loss leucine-rich repeat receptor-like kinases leucine-rich repeat receptor-like proteins receptor-like cytoplasmic kinases

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Climate variation, reproductive frequency and acorn yield in english Oaks

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Journal of Plant ecology 2019年第3期12卷 542-549页

作者： Mick e.Hanley Benjamin I.Cook michael Fenner School of Biological and Marine Sciences University of PlymouthPlymouthUK NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies New YorkNYUSA Ocean and Climate Physics Lamont-Doherty Earth ObservatoryPalisadesNYUSA Centre for Biological Sciences University of SouthamptonSouthamptonUK

Aims Annually variable but synchronous production of large seed crops(‘masting’)is a widespread phenomenon in temperate *** concerns about the impacts of anthropogenic climate change(ACC)on plant reproduction gives urgency to our need to understand better the role of climate on tree reproduction,and in particular,mast *** our understanding of reproductive phenology however,there is little consensus regarding how climate affects plant reproductive effort or indeed the actual environmental triggers that underpin masting *** We used a 27-year record of acorn yield from a population of 12 Quercus robur trees located in southern england to compare mast-ing frequency and post-dispersal acorn yield each year for each tree,with long-term weather data over the same *** focussed on discrete or sequential climate cues(temperature,precipitation and frost days)as likely predictors of oak *** Findings Annual post-dispersal acorn crop varied greatly;*** acorns in 14 of the 27 years,but there was no sequential pattern of crop ver-sus non-crop years indicating that weather,rather than resource limitation alone,dictated the timing of *** years were instead most closely associated with relatively cool late sum-mer conditions in the preceding year,followed by anomalous sum-mer warmth within crop *** yield increased following dry April and above-average May and June temperatures within crop *** our results support a general association between warm late spring and summer conditions,and crop frequency and yield,respectively,the influence of cooler later summer conditions in the year prior to masting highlights how a combination of weather cues may dictate the occurrence of mast ***,our results corroborate not only the hypothesis that temperature differ-entials between consecutive years,not absolute temperatures,may be the better predictor of mast seeding events but lend support al

关键词： anthropogenic climate change environmental veto Moran effect Quercus robur reproductive effort

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Cloud-based typhoon-derived paddy rice flooding and lodging detection using multi-temporal Sentinel-1&2

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Frontiers of earth Science 2019年第4期13卷 682-694页

作者： Wanben WU Wei WANG michael e.Meadows Xinfeng YAO Wei PeNG School of Geographic Sciences East China Normal UniversityShanghai 200241China Information Technology Services Office East China Normal UniversityShanghai 200241China Department of environmental&Geographical Science University of Cape TownCape Town 7701South Africa Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences Shanghai 201403China

rice production in China’s coastal areas is frequently affected by typhoons,since the associated severe storms,with heavy rain and the strong winds,lead directly to the rice plants becoming flooded or ***-term flooding and lodging can cause a substantial reduction in rice yield or even destroy the harvest *** is therefore urgent to obtain accurate information about paddy rice flooding and lodging as soon as possible after the passing of the *** paper proposes a workflow in Google earth engine(Gee)for mapping the flooding and lodging area of paddy rice in Wenzhou City,Zhejiang,following super typhoon Maria(Typhoon No.8 in 2018).First,paddy rice in the study area was detected by multi-temporal Sentinel-1 backscatter data combined with Sentinel-2-derived Normalized Difference Vegetation Index(NDVI)using the random Forests(rFs)*** classification accuracies were achieved,whereby rice detection accuracy was calculated at 95%(VH+NDVI-based)and 87%(VV+NDVI-bastd).Secondly,Change Detection(CD)based rice Normalized Difference Flooded Index(rNDFI)and rice Normalized Difference Lodged Index(rNDLI)were proposed to detect flooding and lodged paddy *** rNDFI and rNDLI were tested based on four different remote sensing data sets,including the Sentinel-1-derived VV and VH backscattering coefficient,Sentinel-2-derived NDVI and enhanced Vegetation Index(eVI).Overall agreement regarding detected area between the each two different data sets was obtained,with values of 79%to 93%in flood detection and 64%to 88%in lodging *** resulting flooded and lodged paddy rice maps have potential to reinforce disaster emergency assessment systems and provide an important resource for disaster reduction and emergency departments.

关键词： typhoons paddy rice flooding lodging Sentinel-1 Sentinel-2 Google earth engine

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Most soil and litter arthropods are unidentifable based on current DNA barcode reference libraries

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Current Zoology 2024年第5期70卷 637-646页

作者： ernesto recuero Frank e.etzler michael S.Caterino Department of Plant and environmental Sciences Clemson University277 Poole Agricultural CenterClemsonSC 29634USA Natural resource Section Montana Department of Agriculture302 N Roberts StHelenaMT 59601USA

We are far from knowing all species living on the *** biodiversity is demanding and requires time and *** groups are understudied given problems of identifying and delimiting *** barcoding emerged to overcome some of the difficulties in identi-fying *** limitations derive from incomplete taxonomic knowledge and the lack of comprehensive DNA barcode libraries for so many taxonomic ***,we evaluate how useful barcoding is for identifying arthropods from highly diverse leaf litter communities in the south-ern Appalachian Mountains(USA).We used 3 reference databases and several automated classification methods on a data set including several arthropod ***,Araneae,Collembola,Coleoptera,Diptera,and Hymenoptera were well represented,showing different performances across methods and *** performed the best,with correct identification rates to species and genus levels of~50%across *** performed poorly,no barcodes were identified to species or *** groups showed poor to mediocre performance,from around 3%(mites)to 20%(beetles)correctly identified barcodes to species,but also with some false *** general,BOLD-based identification offered the best identification results but,in all cases except spiders,performance is poor,with less than a fifth of specimens correctly identified to genus or *** results indicate that the soil arthropod fauna is still insufficiently documented,with many species unrepresented in DNA barcode *** effort toward integrative taxonomic characterization is needed to complete our reference libraries before we can rely on DNAbarcoding as a universally applicable identification method.

关键词： Arthropoda automated identification DNA barcoding databases taxonomy taxonomic impediment

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Influence of nitrogen sources on growth and mycotoxin production by isolates of Pyrenophora tritici-repentis from wheat

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The Crop Journal 2016年第2期4卷 119-128页

作者： Noureddine Bouras michael D.Holtz reem Aboukhaddour Stephen e.Strelkov Department of Agricultural Food and Nutritional Science410 Agriculture/Forestry CentreUniversity of Alberta Laboratoire de Biologie des Systemes Microbiens(LBSM) Ecole Normale Superieure de KoubaAlgiersAlgeria Departement de Biologie Faculte des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie et Sciences de la TerreUniversite de Ghardaia Field Crop Development Centre Alberta Agriculture and Food

The fungus Pyrenophora tritici-repentis(Died.) Drechs. infects the leaves and kernels of wheat,causing tan spot and red smudge, respectively. Isolates of P. tritici-repentis have been reported to be both phytopathogenic and mycotoxigenic. This research investigates the influence of nitrogen sources on growth and production of mycotoxins by eight different isolates of P. tritici-repentis. A synthetic agar medium(SAM) was used with different nitrogen sources, both inorganic [(NH4Cl, NH4NO3and(NH4)2SO4)] and organic(L-alanine, L-histidine, and L-lysine), at a concentration of 37.5 mmol L-1. Individual isolates exhibited different growth rates that varied according to the nitrogen source added to the medium. The choice of nitrogen source also had a major effect on production of the mycotoxins emodin, catenarin and islandicin. The highest concentrations of emodin, 54.40 ± 4.46 μg g-1, 43.07 ± 23.39 μg g-1and28.91 ± 4.64 μg g-1of growth medium, were produced on the complex medium(V8-potato dextrose agar) by the isolates Alg-H2, 331-2 and TS93-71 B, respectively. A relatively high concentration of emodin also was produced by isolates Az35-5(28.29 ± 4.71 μg g-1of medium)and TS93-71B(27.03 ± 4.09 μg g-1of medium) on synthetic medium supplemented with L-alanine. The highest concentrations of catenarin(174.54 ± 14.46 μg g-1and 104.87 ±6.13 μg g-1of medium) were recorded for isolates TS93-71 B and Alg-H2 on synthetic medium supplemented with L-alanine and NH4 Cl, respectively. The highest concentration of islandicin(4.64 ± 0.36 μg g-1medium) was observed for isolate 331-2 in the presence of L-lysine. There was not a close relationship between mycelial growth and mycotoxin production by the fungal isolates. This is the first report on the influence of nitrogen sources on the production of mycotoxins by P. tritici-repentis.

关键词： Catenarin emodin Islandicin Nitrogen source Tan spot Triticum aestivum

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Does sexual dimorphism vary by population? Laryngeal and ear anatomy in cricket frogs

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Current Zoology 2019年第3期65卷 343-352页

作者： Blinda e.MCCLeLLAND michael J.rYAN Walter WILCZYNSKI Department of Integrative Biology University of Texas at Austin Austin TX 78712 USA Neuroscience Institute and Center for Behavioral Neuroscience Georgia State University Atlanta GA 30303 USA

Acoustic communication in many anuran species can show the effects of both natural and sexual selection. This is reflected in the sexually dimorphic an atomy of the lary nx and ear structures, as well as the allometric relationship of these morphological traits to head or body size. In this study, we examined laryngeal and ear structures of cricket frogs Acris crepitans not only as sexually dimorphic characteristics, but also as they differ across populations in environmentally different habitats. We used 2-way ANOVA to determine whether the volumetric or linear measurements of these structures differed by sex and population. Females have significantly larger body, head, and ear sizes, but significantly smaller larynges than males. Furthermore, females as well as males show larger body and head sizes, ears, and larynges in a dryer open habitat. An ANCOVA analysis shows that males, but not females, differ in laryngeal size across populations beyond the allometric changes attributable to head size alone indicating that males have a greater degree of laryngeal population variation. In contrast, our covariate analysis found that in both sexes many of the ear differences are non-sigrdficant once head size is accounted for, suggesting that most of the population-level ear variation is due to allometric effects of body size. We conclude that although both sexes show size differences in the larynx related to selection for larger body size in dry, open habitats, selection on males for larger larynx size related to the production of lower frequency calls in those habitats does not result in correlated changes in the female larynx. The results suggest that in anurans, selection for changes in body and head size affects both sexes equally, male calls and the vocal structures responsible for them can further diversify without concordant changes in females.

关键词： acoustic communication allometry amphibians population variation sex differences

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The impact of COVID-19 on clinical outcomes of burn patients

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Burns & Trauma 2023年第1期11卷 792-799页

作者： elliot T.Walters Alen Palackic Camila Franco-Mesa Nikhil r.Shah michael J.erickson Steven e.Wolf Department of Surgery University of Texas Medical Branch301 UniversityGalvestonTXUSA Division of Plastic Aesthetic and Reconstructive SurgeryDepartment of SurgeryMedical University of GrazGrazAustria

Background:Multiple studies have shown the SArS-CoV-2 virus(COVID-19)to be associated with deleterious outcomes in a wide range of *** impact of COVID-19 has not been well investigated among burned *** suspect that patients will have worsened respiratory and thrombotic complications,ultimately leading to increased *** objective of this study is to determine the impact a concurrent infection of COVID-19 has on clinical outcomes after a burn ***:This is a retrospective,propensity matched,cohort *** examined a de-identified database of electronic medical records of over 75 million patients across 75 health care associations in the United States for patients treated for thermal burns from 1 January 2020,to 31 July 2021,and those who also were diagnosed with COVID-19 infection within one day before or after injury based on International Classification of Disease,tenth revision(ICD-10)*** participants included adults who were treated for a burn injury during the study ***:We included 736 patients with burn injury and concomitant COVID-19 infection matched to 736 patients with burn injury and no concurrent COVID-19 infection(total 1472 patients,mean age 36.3±24.3).We found no significant increase in mortality observed for patients with concurrent COVID-19(Or 1.203,95%CI 0.517-2.803;p=0.6675).We did observe significant increase in infections(Or 3.537,95%CI 2.798-4.471;p=0.0001),thrombotic complications(Or 2.342,95%CI 1.351-4.058;p=0.0018),as was the incidence of hypertrophic scarring(Or 3.368,95%CI 2.326-4.877;p=0.0001).Conclusions:We observed that concurrent COVID-19 infection was associated with an increase in infections,thrombosis and hypertrophic scarring but no increase in mortality in our cohort of burn patients.

关键词： COVID-19 infection mortality burn thrombosis scarring

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Mainstreaming the Full eNSO:Linking Present Weather and Future Climate

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International Journal of Disaster risk Science 2022年第6期13卷 829-841页

作者： michael H.Glantz Lino Naranjo-Diaz Qian Ye Gregory e.Pierce Consortium for Capacity Building(CCB) University of Colorado BoulderBoulderCO 80301USA Integrated risk Governance Program Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China

In this article we propose that all countries that are striving to become a Weather-ready Nation(WrN)would beneft greatly from including el Niño-Southern Oscillation(eNSO)-related research findings into their decision-making processes,not only when an el Niño or a La Niña forecast has been issued *** an aspiring WrN,to beneft from eNSO information,such as disruptive or benefcial changes that could be foreseeably expected to occur in seasonal fow and in sub-seasonal hydrometeorological anomalies,requires its continuous mainstreaming about the status of the eNSO process into a WrN’s decision-making *** eNSO process provides a bridge between sub-seasonal weather anomalies and a sub-decadal climate phenomenon as well as a bridge between coping with weather extremes today and preparing for climate change-related hydrometeorological hazards in the *** extremes every few years provide a chance to evaluate a nation’s strategic and tactical responses to hydrometeorological hazard forecasts and *** successive eNSO extreme and its Neutral phase tests previously designed best *** of today’s youth and young professionals on climate,water,and weather issues has been increasing and will do so in coming *** awareness and attention to eNSO and away from eNSO extremes is *** heightened urgency for understanding the full eNSO“cycle”especially by youth and young professionals today is because they will soon be in professional positions that enable them to advise decision makers about climate policy *** understanding of the eNSO cycle is critically needed,as global warming is expected to continue to increase for the rest of the twentyfrst century.

关键词： eNSO WrN Hydromet Climate change Young professionals

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Two decades of compositional and structural change in deciduous old-growth forests of Indiana,USA

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Journal of Plant ecology 2016年第3期9卷 256-271页

作者： Christy A.Lowney Bradley D.Graham Martin A.Spetich Stephen r.Shifley michael r.Saunders michael A.Jenkins Department of Forestry and Natural resources and Hardwood Tree Improvement and regeneration Center Purdue University715 West State StreetWest Lafayette IN 47907USA Arkansas Forestry Sciences Laboratory USDA Forest ServiceSouthern Research StationP.O.Box 1270Hot SpringsAR 71902USA USDA Forest Service Northern Research Station202 ABNR BuildingColumbiaMO 65201USA

Aims Using a network of permanent plots,we determined how multiple old-growth forests changed over an 18-19-year period at a state-wide *** examination of change allowed us to assess how the compositional and structural stability of each forest varied with site characteristics(topography,physiography and productivity)and stochastic *** In 2011,we resampled 150 plots distributed across five old-growth hardwood forests in Indiana,USA that were originally sampled in *** each plot,we relocated and remeasured the diameter at breast height(dbh)of all trees(≥10.0 cm)present during the 1992-1993 sample,which allowed us to track their individual fates through time for growth and mortality *** that grew to≥10.0 cm dbh since plot establishment were designated as *** dbh and species of all saplings(stems≥2.0 cm butere also *** each forest,we calculated density(stems ha^(−1)),basal area(BABA;m^(2)ha^(−1))and importance value(relative density+relative BABA)/2 of trees by *** saplings,density per ha was calculated by species for each *** also calculated annual mortality rate(AMr)for three diameter classes(10-29.9,30-59.9 and≥60 cm)and species richness(S),evenness(e)and Shannon-Weiner diversity(H')for the tree and sapling *** between years were compared for each forest using paired t-tests and Wilcoxon signed rank *** FindingsAlthough we observed commonality in changes across some sites,our results suggest that these forests differ in their rates and trajectories of *** in total stand BABA and density varied across sites and were influenced by past disturbance and mortality *** observed a general increase in the overstory dominance of Acer saccharum coupled with a general decrease in the dominance of Quercus section Lobatae(red oak group)*** of overstory trees present in 1992-1993 ranged from 27%to 49%over the study period(mean AM

关键词： forest remnants forest structure long-term data mortality species diversity stand development.

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First experience with intracytoplasmic sperm injection for extreme oligozoospermia associated with Crohn's disease and 6-mercaptopurine chemotherapy

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2003年第1期5卷 76-78页

作者： e.Scott Sills michael J.Tucker Division of reproductive endocrinology and Infertility Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Atlanta Medical Center AtlantaGeorgia 30342USA

Aim: To describe the reproductive outcome following intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) for male factor infertility associated with Crohn's disease and 6-mercap-topurine (6-MP) chemotherapy. Methods: The male part... 详细信息

ract>Aim: To describe the reproductive outcome following intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) for male factor infertility associated with Crohn's disease and 6-mercap-topurine (6-MP) chemotherapy. Methods: The male partner of a couple suffered from severe Crohn's disease and received a 3-month course of 6-MP for this condition. Two spontaneous conceptions were established before 6-MP, although post-chemotherapy semen analysis found the sperm concentration to be 8,000/mL. In vitro fertilization (IVF) with ICSI and embryo transfer was performed. results: The woman underwent an uncomplicated controlled ovarian hyperstimulation sequence using a combined rec-FSH+hMG protocol, following late luteal phase pituitary downregulation. This culminated in the retrieval of 18 oocytes, 11 of which were fertilized with ICSI. She later delivered a normal male infant without urogenital anomaly. Four nontransferred blastocysts were cryopreserved. Conclusion: This report describes the first successful birth after ICSI for severe oligozoospermia associated with Crohn's disease and 6-MP therapy. We outline salient features of Crohn's disease, 6-MP pharmacology, and their relevance to human fertility.

关键词： 6-mercaptopurine chemotherapy infertility ICSI

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