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Temporal variability of problem drinking on Twitter

Open Journal of Preventive Medicine 2012年第1期2卷 43-48页

作者： Joshua Heber West Parley Cougar Hall Carl Lee Hanson Kyle Prier Christophe Giraud-Carrier E. Shannon Neeley michael dean barnes Department of Health Science Brigham Young University Provo USA

Twitter is a micro-blogging application, which is commonly used as a way for individuals to maintain social connections. Social scientists have also begun using Twitter as a data source for understanding more about human interactions. There is very little research about Twitter’s utility for monitoring health related attitudes, beliefs and behaviors. The purpose of this study was to examine the extent to which individuals tweeted about problem drinking, and to identify if such tweets corresponded with time periods when problem drinking was likely to occur. Data from this study came from tweets originating in one of 9 randomly selected states, one from each of the nine census geographies in the US. Twitter’s API was used to collect tweets during the month of October 2010, and again during the time period surrounding New Year’s Eve 2010. Keywords were selected which indicated problem-drinking behaviors, and tweets were coded for the presence or absence of these keywords. Twitter users were most likely to tweet about problem drinking on Friday, Saturday and Sunday during the hours from 10 pm to 2 am. Tweets originating during the New Year’s Eve holiday (0.53%) were twice as common when compared to tweets during weekends in the month of October (0.34%). Twitter may be a valid data source for social scientists, given that tweets about problem drinking corresponded with expected time periods of actual problem drinking. Furthermore, tweets that mention problem drinking may be problematic for public health if they establish incorrect normative beliefs that such behaviors are acceptable and expected. Social norms interventions may be an effective tool in correcting misperceptions related to problem drinking by informing Twitter followers that problem drinking behaveiors are not normative.

关键词： Twitter Problem Drinking Temporal Variance

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A survey of image-based computational learning techniques for frost detection in plants

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Information Processing in Agriculture 2023年第2期10卷 164-191页

作者： Sayma Shammi Ferdous Sohel dean Diepeveen Sebastian Zander michael G.K.Jones Discipline of Information Technology Murdoch UniversityMurdochWA 6150Australia Centre for Crop and Food Innovation Food Futures InstituteMurdoch UniversityMurdochWA 6150Australia Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development Western AustraliaSouth PerthWA 6151Australia

Frost damage is one of the major concerns for crop growers as it can impact the growth of the plants and hence,*** detection of frost can help farmers mitigating its *** the past,frost detection was a manual or visual ***-based techniques are increasingly being used to understand frost development in plants and automatic assessment of damage resulting from *** research presents a comprehensive survey of the state-of the-art methods applied to detect and analyse frost stress in *** identify three broad computational learning approaches i.e.,statistical,traditional machine learning and deep learning,applied to images to detect and analyse frost in *** propose a novel taxonomy to classify the existing studies based on several *** taxonomy has been developed to classify the major characteristics of a significant body of published *** this survey,we profile 80 relevant papers based on the proposed *** thoroughly analyse and discuss the techniques used in the various approaches,i.e.,data acquisition,data preparation,feature extraction,computational learning,and *** summarise the current challenges and discuss the opportunities for future research and development in this area including in-field advanced artificial intelligence systems for real-time frost monitoring.

关键词： Frost Cold stress Machine learning Image analysis Crop Plant

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Retention of fin clips and fin and operculum punch marks in rainbow trout

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Aquaculture and Fisheries 2022年第6期7卷 660-663页

作者： Alex J.Rosburg Jacob L.Davis michael E.barnes South Dakota Department of Game Fishand Parks4725 Jackson BoulevardRapid CitySD57702USA South Dakota Department of Game Fishand Parks4130 Adventure TrailRapid CitySD57702USA South Dakota Department of Game Fishand Parks19619 Trout Loop SpearfishSouth Dakota57783USA

Fin clips(complete fin removal)or punch marks(stamping of a hole)in fins or operculum are quick and inexpensive methods to identify individuals or groups of *** study evaluated the retention of 6 mm diameter punch marks on the operculum,caudal(upper and lower lobes),dorsal,pelvic,and anal fins,and fin clips on adipose,pectoral,pelvic,dorsal and anal fins of rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss for 279 *** and survival were not significantly different among fish with the different mark types or *** the end of the experiment,100%of adipose clips,97%of pectoral and anal fin clips,and 93%of dorsal clips and pelvic fin clips were *** of punch marks was 57%and 50%for the lower and upper caudal fin lobe locations respectively,23%for the dorsal fin,and 3%for the *** pelvic or anal fin punch marks were identified at the end of the *** differences in retention among the treatment groups did not occur until 125 days post marking,after which all fin clip treatments had significantly greater retention than pelvic and dorsal punch *** 244 days,fin clips outperformed all punch mark locations.

关键词： Marking Rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Fin punch Fin clip Mark retention

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Genetics and genomics of prostate cancer

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2013年第3期15卷 309-313页

作者： michael dean Hong LOU Cancer and Inflammation Program National Cancer Institute National Institutes of Health Frederick MD 21702 USA Basic Science Program SAIC-Frederick Nationa Cancer Institute National Institutes of Health Frederick MD 21702 USA

Prostate cancer （PCa） is one of the most common malignancies in the world with over 890 000 cases and over 258 000 deaths worldwide each year. Nearly all mortalities from PCa are due to metastatic disease, typically through tumors that evolve to be hormone-refractory or castrate-resistant. Despite intensive epidemiological study, there are few known environmental risk factors, and age and family history are the major determinants. However, there is extreme heterogeneity in PCa incidence worldwide, suggesting that major determining factors have not been described. Genome-wide association studies have been performed and a considerable number of significant, but low-risk loci have been identified. In addition, several groups have analyzed PCa by determination of genomic copy number, fusion gene generation and targeted resequencing of candidate genes, as well as exome and whole genome sequencing. These initial studies have examined both primary and metastatic tumors as well as murine xenografts and identified somatic alterations in TP53and other potential driver genes, and the disturbance of androgen response and cell cycle pathways. It is hoped that continued characterization of risk factors as well as gene mutation and misregulation in tumors will aid in understanding, diagnosing and better treating PCa.

关键词： androgen receptor cancer progression chromatin remodeling metastasis prostate cancer (PCa) risk factor somaticmutation tumor heterogeneity

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Brown Trout Redd Locations in the Northernmost Section of Spearfish Creek in Spearfish, South Dakota, USA

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Natural Resources 2022年第1期13卷 1-15页

作者： michael J. Robidoux Jill M. Voorhees Abigail Domagall michael E. barnes South Dakota Department of Game Fish and Parks McNenny State Fish Hatchery Spearfish South Dakota USA School of Natural Sciences Environmental Physical Science Black Hills State University Spearfish South Dakota USA

Salmonid fish are known to reproduce throughout the Black Hills in South Dakota, however, it is not known when or where they are spawning or how successful their spawning is. This study documented for the first-time brown trout (Salmo trutta) redd locations and redd construction timing in a 1.6 km reach of Spearfish Creek, within the northern most part of the city of Spearfish, South Dakota, USA in 2020. Redds were first observed on October 13, 2020, with observations continuing until November 17 when no new redds were spotted. Redd construction peaked during the first week of November, with 52 observed. A total of 146 redds was recorded over the course of the study, resulting in a density of 91 redds/km. This is the first study to document redds in this section of Spearfish Creek. These observations will allow for comparisons to future spawning activity which may be impacted by the increased urbanization likely along this section of the creek. Hopefully, This study can also guide future research and habitat projects throughout this section of Spearfish Creek, and potentially throughout this region.

关键词： Brown Trout Redds Spawning Spearfish South Dakota

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Sutureless Implantation of Acoustic Transmitters in Rainbow Trout Exceeding 2% Tag-to-Body Ratio

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Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology 2022年第6期13卷 265-271页

作者： Ashley Kelican Nathan Huysman Jill M. Voorhees michael E. barnes South Dakota Department of Game Fish and Parks McNenny State Fish Hatchery Spearfish USA

A novel sutureless surgical technique has been successfully used to implant acoustic transmitters in relatively large rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss with a tag-to-body-ratio of 0.88%. This study examined the same technique in smaller rainbow trout in two, 12-week trials comparing both sutured and sutureless surgical techniques. In the first trial using a tag-to-body-ratio of 1.9% ± 0.04%, tag retention was only 16.6% in fish without sutures, which was significantly lower than the 83.3% retention with sutured incisions. Similarly, in the second trial with a tag-to-body-ratio of 3.2% ± 0.03%, tag retention was 55.5% without sutures, which was significantly lower than the 90.0% retention using sutures. Mortality was not significantly different between treatments in either trial. The results of this study indicate that sutures must be used during surgeries to implant acoustic transmitters in relatively smaller fish with tag-to-body-ratios at or above 1.9%.

关键词： Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Surgery Acoustic Transmitter

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Dapsone hypersensitivity syndrome

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Chinese Medical Journal 2023年第13期136卷 1560-1562页

作者： Qing Zhao Lele Sun Yonghu Sun dean Naisbitt Hong Liu Furen Zhang Shandong Provincial Hospital for Skin Diseases&Shandong Provincial Institute of Dermatology and Venereology Shandong First Medical University&Shandong Academy of Medical SciencesJinanShandong 250022China Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology MRC Centre for Drug Safety ScienceUniversity of LiverpoolLiverpoolUK

Dapsone hypersensitivity syndrome(DHS)was first reported by Lowe and Smith[1]in 1949 in Nigeria and was termed“dapsone syndrome”by Allday and barnes[2]in *** is a drug-induced hypersensitivity syndrome(DIHS)caused by dapsone 404’-diaminodiphenylsulfone(DDS).DHS is characterized by fever,rash,lymphadenopathy,and hepatitis,which usually develop after patients receive DDS for 5 to 6 *** studies have estimated DHS prevalence and fatality rates of 1.4%and 9.9%,respectively.[3]Until recently,the“wait and see”approach was used for patients with suspected ***,we review recent developments in DHS research,focusing on its etiology,pathogenesis,diagnosis,and prevention,to make DDS a safer medication for most of the population through the prospective exclusion of susceptible patients before DDS administration.

关键词： DHS prevention diagnosis

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Nitrogen Gas Saturation in Karst Springs Varies Throughout the Day

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2023年第2期15卷 23-32页

作者： Molly A. Gross Jill M. Voorhees Abigail Semple Domagall michael E. barnes Department of Game Fish and Parks McNenny State Fish Hatchery Spearfish South Dakota USA School of Natural Sciences Environmental Physical Science Black Hills State University Spearfish South Dakota USA

This experiment examined the fluctuations in nitrogen gas supersaturation throughout the day in three karst springs (upper, side, and lower) at McNenny State Fish Hatchery, rural Spearfish, Lawrence County, South Dakota, USA. Total gas pressures, oxygen percent saturation, and nitrogen percent saturation were recorded six times/day on eight days over a 26-day period in each of the three springs. Total gas pressure did not vary significantly throughout the day in any of the springs. However, percent oxygen and nitrogen saturation were significantly different throughout the day in all three springs. The highest mean (SE) nitrogen supersaturation value of 118.5 (1.1)% was observed in the lower spring at 07:00. The lowest mean nitrogen supersaturation values were 114.5 (1.1)% at 13:00 in the upper spring, and 114.2 (0.2)% and 113.1 (0.7)% at 15:00 in the side and lower spring, respectively. At 118% nitrogen supersaturation, gas bubble disease is likely to occur in fish, resulting in potentially high levels of mortality if untreated spring water was used for fish production. The results of this study indicate the importance of recording nitrogen gas levels at sunrise or early in the morning, when nitrogen is highest and oxygen is lowest, to obtain accurate and reproducible data.

关键词： Karst Springs Aquifer Gas Supersaturation Nitrogen Aquaculture

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Short-Term Stress Response of Juvenile Rainbow Trout Subjected to Two Different Rearing Densities

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Open Journal of Animal Sciences 2023年第1期13卷 126-136页

作者： Jaid Freestone Jill M. Voorhees Nathan Huysman Eric Krebs michael E. barnes South Dakota Game Fish and Parks McNenny State Fish Hatchery Spearfish USA

Juvenile rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss were subjected to one of four treatments in a two-by-two experimental design: 1) fed at a density of 1.8 g/m3, 2) Fasted at 1.8 g/m3, 3) fed at 30.1 g/m3, and 4) fasted at 30.1 g/m3. Blood glucose and hematocrit were measured at 4, 6, 48, 168, and 336 hours after placement in one of the two rearing densities, with relative fin lengths and organosomatic indices recorded at 336 hours. Glucose levels over time were not significantly different among the density and feeding treatments. Hematocrit levels over time were also not significantly different. Total lengths, weight, hepatosomatic index, viscerosomatic index, and any of the relative fin lengths were not significantly different between the high and low densities. However, the hepatosomatic index was significantly greater in the fed fish compared to those fasted. The splenosomatic index was significantly greater in the higher density treatment. These results likely indicate no short-term stress response to the higher rearing density used in this short-term experiment and no interaction between starvation and density-related stressors.

关键词： Rainbow Trout Density Feeding Glucose Hematocrit

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A comparison of cyanoacrylate to sutures for wound closure following acoustic transmitter insertion in rainbow trout

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Aquaculture and Fisheries 2021年第5期6卷 513-518页

作者： Jeremy Kientz Nathan Huysman michael E.barnes South Dakota Department of Game Fish and Parks4130 Adventure TrailRapid CitySD57702USA South Dakota Department of Game Fish and ParksMcNenny State Fish Hatchery19619 Trout LoopSpearfishSD57783USA

Tag retention,wound healing,wound closure,and tagged fish survival are critically important after surgical implantation of acoustic transmitters in *** study compared the use of sutures to cyanoacrylate adhesives and bandages for post-surgery wound *** rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss were assigned to one of seven treatments:a control group where fish were only handled,two suture groups(tagged with dummy acoustic transmitters or non-tagged),and four cyanoacrylate adhesive groups(non-tagged,tagged with adipose fin applied as a biological bandage,tagged with anal fin applied,and non-tagged with water-proof bandage).Tag retention was significantly improved in adhesive with anal fin(89%)and tagged suture(78%)treatments when compared to only 11%tag retention in the adhesive with adipose fin *** redness severity increased over the 14 weeks of the study in the tagged and sutured fish,and in those receiving the waterproof *** redness severity was also significantly higher in the waterproof bandage and tagged and sutured treatments than both tagged adhesive treatments at the end of the *** gape was significantly more severe in the adhesive with adipose treatment than in the control,suture,tagged suture,and adhesive treatments,but no significant differences were observed between the adhesive with adipose treatment and the adhesive with anal fin or bandage *** gape never completely closed in the adhesive with adipose group,while both the tagged suture treatment and tagged adhesive with anal treatment wounds completely closed between four-and six-weeks *** results of this study indicate that cyanoacrylate adhesive used in conjunction with anal fin tissue is a suitable post-surgical treatment.

关键词： Surgery Acoustic transmitter Cyanoacrylate Rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss

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