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英国医学杂志中文版 2022年第12期25卷 703-711页

作者：曾力楠 michael Walsh Gordon H Guyatt Reed A C Siemieniuk david Collister Michelle Booth Paul Brown Lesha Farrar Mark Farrar Tracy Firth Lynn A Fussner Karin Kilian Mark A Little Thomas A Mavrakanas Reem A Mustafa Maryam Piram Lisa K Stamp 肖瑛琪 Lyubov Lytyn Thomas Agoritsas Per O Vandvik Alfred Mahr 刘峥(译) 徐佩佩(译) 张伶俐(校) 四川大学华西第二医院药学部/循证药学中心成都中国 department of Health Research Methods Evidence and ImpactMcMaster UniversityHamiltonOntarioCanada Population Health Research Institute McMaster UniversityHamiltonOntarioCanada department of Medicine McMaster UniversityHamiltonOntarioCanada St.Joseph′s Healthcare HamiltonOntarioCanada USA UK division of Pulmonary Critical Careand Sleep MedicineDepartment of Internal MedicineThe Ohio State University Wexner Medical CenterColumbusOhioUSA department of Rheumatology Oslo University HospitalOsloNorway Institute of Clinical Medicine University of OsloOsloNorway Trinity Translational Medicine Institute Trinity College DublinIreland Irish Centre for Vascular Biology Tallaght University HospitalDublinIreland department of Medicine McGill University Health CentreMontrealQuebecCanada department of Internal Medicine Division of Nephrology and HypertensionUniversity of Kansas Medical CenterKansasUSA CHU Sainte Justine Research Center Department of PediatricsUniversity of MontrealMontrealQuebecCanada CEREMAIA Centre d′épidémiologie et de santédes populations(CESP)University Paris-SaclayLe Kremlin BicêtreFrance University of Otago Christchurch ChristchurchNew Zealand 四川大学华西护理学院/华西医院护理部成都中国 division of General Internal Medicine&division of Clinical Epidemiology University Hospitals of GenevaGenevaSwitzerland department of Medicine Lovisenberg Hospital TrustOsloNorway Rheumatology Clinic Department of Internal MedicineKantonsspital St GallenSt GallenSwitzerland 四川大学华西第二医院药学部四川大学华西第二医院循证药学中心国家药品监督管理局药物制剂体内外相关性技术研究重点实验室出生缺陷与相关妇儿疾病教育部重点实验室四川大学华西临床医学院四川大学华西医院中国循证医学中心

对于抗中性粒细胞胞质抗体(antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody,ANCA)相关性血管炎(ANCA-associated vasculitis,AAV)患者,血浆置换的作用是什么?接受治疗前6个月糖皮质激素的最佳剂量是多少?一项新发表的随机对照试验(randomised con... 详细信息

关键词：血浆置换抗中性粒细胞胞质抗体临床实践指南最佳剂量糖皮质激素 ANCA 随机对照试验 AAV

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重离子储存环CSRe上激光冷却相对论能量类锂^(12)C^(3＋)离子束的实验研究进展

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中国科学：物理学、力学、天文学 2016年第5期46卷 98-108页

作者：汶伟强汪寒冰黄忠魁张大成海帮朱小龙啜晓亚赵冬梅杨杰李杰李小妮冒立军毛瑞士武军霞夏佳文杨建成原有进赵红卫赵铁成 EIdAM Lewin LOESER Markus REIN Benjamin SIEBOLd Matthias WINTERS danyal BUSSMANN michael 马新文中国科学院近代物理研究所兰州730000 中国科学院大学北京100049 GSI Helmholtzzentrum fur Schwerionenforschung GmbH Darmstadt D-64291Germany Helmholtz-Zentrum dresden-Rossendorf Dresden D-01328Germany Technische Universitat darmstadt Darmstadt D-64289Germany

激光冷却储存环中相对论能量的重离子束是最有希望得到高相空间密度离子束、实现离子束相变并且获得有序束和晶化束的一种方法.相对于已经比较成熟的随机冷却和电子冷却技术,储存环上重离子束的激光冷却具有冷却速度快,冷却作用力强的特... 详细信息

激光冷却储存环中相对论能量的重离子束是最有希望得到高相空间密度离子束、实现离子束相变并且获得有序束和晶化束的一种方法.相对于已经比较成熟的随机冷却和电子冷却技术,储存环上重离子束的激光冷却具有冷却速度快,冷却作用力强的特点,可以将离子束冷却到极低温度(mK),在激光冷却的同时还可以开展高电荷态离子的精细激光谱学实验.本文介绍了中国科学院近代物理研究所大科学装置重离子冷却储存环CSRe上开展激光冷却重离子束的实验原理和实验方法,给出了在CSRe上首次激光冷却能量为122 MeV/u的类锂^(12)C^(3+)离子束测试性实验结果,并且展望了在未来大型加速器HIAF上开展类锂类钠高电荷态离子的激光冷却和精细激光谱学实验.

关键词：激光冷却高电荷态离子重离子储存环晶化束束流动力学

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应用全血阻抗法和传统透光聚集度评估体外循环所致血小板聚集功能改变的试验性研究

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麻醉与镇痛 2011年第3期7卷 48-56页

作者： Corinna Velik-Salchner, Md Stephan Maier, Md Petra Innerhofer, Md Christian Kolbitsch, Md Werner Streif, Md Markus Mittermayr, Md michael Praxmarer, MSc dietmar Fries, Md 冯雪辛(译) departments of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine Innsbrudk Medical University Innsbruck Austria Pediatrics Innsbruck Medical University Innsbrudk Medical University Innsbruck Austria Assign data Management and Biostatistics lnnsbruck Austria Innsbrudk Medical University Innsbruck Austria department of General and Surgical Critical Care Medicine Innsbrudk Medical University Innsbruck Austria 不详

背景本研究分别采用全血阻抗法与传统透光聚集度（LTA）测定血小板聚集率，以探讨抗血小板治疗药物是否会降低心脏手术或体外循环（CPB）后的血小板聚集功能。方法选择70例拟行择期冠状动脉旁路移植术的患者，分别于麻醉诱导前、诱导中... 详细信息

背景本研究分别采用全血阻抗法与传统透光聚集度（LTA）测定血小板聚集率，以探讨抗血小板治疗药物是否会降低心脏手术或体外循环（CPB）后的血小板聚集功能。方法选择70例拟行择期冠状动脉旁路移植术的患者，分别于麻醉诱导前、诱导中和肝素化后15分钟及3小时采取动脉血，应用Multiplate（M）测定随时间变化的电阻值作为聚集单位，同时使用以胶原（COL）、二磷酸腺苷（AdP）或花生四烯酸（AA）为激活剂的LTA（％聚集率）法进行检测。A组（n=48）为对照组，手术前停用抗血小板药物至少7天，B组（n=11）和C组（n=11）患者分别服用阿司匹林100mg／d或阿司匹林100mg／d与氯吡格雷75mg／d（双重抗血小板治疗）至手术前一天。结果未行抗血小板治疗的患者，给予鱼精蛋白15分钟及3小时后，应用3种激活剂及两种聚集方法均可观察到血小板聚集率明显降低。单纯使用阿司匹林的患者，LTA—COL、LTA—AdP及M—AdP随时间发生显著改变；接受双重抗血小板治疗的患者，两种方法的AdP检测均提示给予鱼精蛋白15分钟后血小板聚集显著减弱。通过计算受试者工作特征曲线（receiver-operatingcharacteristiccurves，ROC曲线）下面积来区分抗血小板药物，LTA-COL可以在CPB后15分钟和3小时区分出对照组与阿司匹林组或双重抗血小板治疗组，M—AdP则可在鱼精蛋白拮抗后3小时区分对照组和双重抗血小板治疗组。结论对于未经抗血小板治疗的患者，全血电阻抗法及使用了常用激活剂的传统LTA法均可检测出CPB所致的血小板聚集功能改变。而对于接受了抗血小板治疗的患者，AdP激活的抗血小板检测方法能更好地检测出CPB所致的血小板聚集功能减退。

关键词：血小板聚集功能电阻抗法体外循环试验性研究全血应用抗血小板药物抗血小板治疗

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从情报工作到汉学研究汉学大家鲁惟一访谈录

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科学文化评论 2020年第3期17卷 82-94页

作者：胡司德赵静一(整理) 鲁惟一剑桥大学东亚系克莱尔学院英国国家学术院李约瑟研究所剑桥大学达尔文学院不详

访谈整理者按:鲁惟一(michael Loewe),1922年生于英国牛津,著名历史学家和汉学家,研究领域为中国汉代史。剑桥大学荣休教师、克莱尔学堂(Clare Hall)院士。鲁惟一本科就读于牛津大学,1942年离开牛津,时值二战,在政府通讯总部接受训练,... 详细信息

访谈整理者按:鲁惟一(michael Loewe),1922年生于英国牛津,著名历史学家和汉学家,研究领域为中国汉代史。剑桥大学荣休教师、克莱尔学堂(Clare Hall)院士。鲁惟一本科就读于牛津大学,1942年离开牛津,时值二战,在政府通讯总部接受训练,破译日军密码。期间开始学习汉语,并于1947年前往中国,回国后在伦敦大学亚非学院攻读汉语本科学位。1956-1963年间任职于伦敦大学,1963年获伦敦亚非学院博士学位后入职剑桥大学,直至1990年退休。鲁惟一著有《汉代行政记录》(Records of Han Administration)、《汉代的信仰、神话和理性》(Chinese ldeas of Life and death:Faith,Myth and Reason in the Han Period)等,编撰《中国古代典籍导读》(Early Chinese Texts:A Bibliographical Guide)、合作编撰《剑桥中国秦汉史》(The Cambridge History of China Volume l:The Ch'in and Han Empires,221 B.C.-A.d.220)及《剑桥中国上古史》(The Cambridge History of Ancient China)。2019年8月20日,胡司德与赵静一在英国剑桥格兰彻斯特村(Grantchester,Cambridge,UK)对话鲁惟一,探讨其编撰《剑桥中国上古史》的前前后后、从事中国研究的经历、感受以及治学方法。

关键词：情报工作伦敦大学汉学研究博士学位英国牛津整理者

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Single vs dual(en bloc) kidney transplants from donors ≤ 5 years of age: A single center experience

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World Journal of Transplantation 2016年第1期6卷 239-248页

作者： Yousef Al-Shraideh Umar Farooq Hany El-Hennawy Alan C Farney Amudha Palanisamy Jeffrey Rogers Giuseppe Orlando Muhammad Khan Amber Reeves-daniel William doares Scott Kaczmorski michael d Gautreaux Samy S Iskandar Gloria Hairston Elizabeth Brim Margaret Mangus Robert J Stratta department of Surgery Wake Forest School of Medicine department of Internal Medicine Wake Forest School of Medicine department of Pharmacy Wake Forest School of Medicine department of Pathology Wake Forest School of Medicine

AIM: To compare outcomes between single and dual en bloc(EB) kidney transplants(KT) from small pediatric donors. METHOdS: Monocentric nonprospective review of KTs from pediatric donors ≤ 5 years of age. dual EB KT was defined as keeping both donor kidneys attached tothe inferior vena cava and aorta, which were then used as venous and arterial conduits for the subsequent transplant into a single recipient. donor age was less useful than either donor weight or kidney size in decision-making for kidney utilization as kidneys from donors dneys d. Post-transplant management strategies were standardized in all ***: From 2002-2015, 59 KTs were performed including 34 dual EB and 25 single KTs. Mean age of donors(17 mo vs 38 mo, P d male donors(50% vs 84%, P = 0.01) were lower in the dual EB compared to the single KT group, respectively. Mean cold ischemia time(21 h), kidney donor profile index(KdPI; 73% vs 62%) and levels of serum creatinine(SCr, 0.37 mg/d L vs 0.49 mg/d L, all P = NS) were comparable in the dual EB and single KT groups, respectively. Actuarial graft and patient survival rates at 5-years follow-up were comparable. There was one case of thrombosis resulting in graft loss in each group. delayed graft function incidence(12% dual EB vs 20% single KT, P = NS) was slightly lower in dual EB KT recipients. Initial duration of hospital stay(mean 5.4 d vs 5.6 d) and the one-year incidences of acute rejection(6% vs 16%), operative complications(3% vs 4%), and major infection were comparable in the dual EB and single KT groups, respectively(all P = NS). Mean 12 mo SCr and abbreviated MdRd levels were 1.17 mg/d L vs 1.35 mg/d L and 72.5 m L/min per 1.73 m^2 vs 60.5 m L/min per 1.73 m^2(both P = NS) in the dual EB and single KT groups, respectively. CONCLUSION: By transplanting kidneys from young pediatric donors into adult recipients, one can effectively

关键词： donor age donor weight En bloc kidney transplant Kidney donor profile index Single kidney transplant Small pediatric donor

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dK Crush技术治疗真性冠状动脉分叉病变:与经典Crush技术的对比

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中国介入心脏病学杂志 2007年第2期15卷 61-66页

作者：陈绍良方唯一魏盟何奔张瑞岩陈韵岱张俊杰叶飞朱中生林松单守杰杨松钱均 damras michael Lee Tan Huaycheem Tejas Patel 南京医科大学附属南京市第一医院南京市心血管病医院心内科南京市210006 上海胸科医院心内科上海市第六人民医院心内科上海仁济医院心内科上海瑞金医院心内科北京安贞医院心内科江苏省宜兴市人民医院心内科安徽省马鞍山市中心医院心内科泰国曼谷医科大学附属医院心内科香港伊丽莎白医院心内科新加坡国立大学医院心内科印度Sterin集团医院心内科

目的检验作者改良的dK Crush技术能否确保最终对吻扩张的成功。方法本研究属于连续、非随机和开放式研究,共入选了88例真性分叉病变(分支血管直径>2.0mm)的患者。其中2004年10月至2005年1月间入选的44例患者接受经典Crush技术治疗,2005... 详细信息

目的检验作者改良的dK Crush技术能否确保最终对吻扩张的成功。方法本研究属于连续、非随机和开放式研究,共入选了88例真性分叉病变(分支血管直径>2.0mm)的患者。其中2004年10月至2005年1月间入选的44例患者接受经典Crush技术治疗,2005年1月至2005年6月间入选的44例患者接受dK Crush技术治疗。比较两组患者术前、术中和术后30d内的诸项参数。结果dK Crush组与经典Crush组比较,患者分支血管病变长度长(13.5±3.4mm比7.8±3.1mm,PdKCrush组与经典Crush组患者的主干与分支血管之间的夹角[(57±18)°比(47±15)°],主干血管病变长度(24.3±8.6mm比21.1±7.3mm)差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。经典Crush组有两例(4.3%)最终对吻失败的患者出现亚急性血栓栓塞。dK Crush组术后即刻分支血管开口部位最小血管直径显著大于经典Crush组(3.01±0.13mm比2.74±0.12mm,P30%(对吻失败)。结论经典Crush技术存在的技术缺陷是导致预后不良的主要原因。改良的dK Crush技术能显著提高对吻扩张的成功率,进一步的随机研究可以明确后者的有效性。

关键词：冠状动脉疾病血管成形术,经腔,经皮冠状动脉支架

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Alignment of solid targets under extreme tight focus conditions generated by an ellipsoidal plasma mirror

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2019年第2期4卷 30-35页

作者： deepak Kumar Michal Smid Sushil Singh Alexander Soloviev Hannes Bohlin Konstantin Burdonov Gashaw Fente Alexander Kotov Livia Lancia Vit Leedl Sergey Makarov michael Morrissey Sergey Perevalov denis Romanovsky Sergey Pikuz Ryousuke Kodama david Neely Paul McKenna Tomas Lastovicka Mikhail Starodubtsev Stefan Weber Motoaki Nakatsutsumi Julien Fuchs ELI Beamlines Institute of Physics5.kvetna 83525241 Dolni BrezanyCzech Republic Institute of Applied Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences(IAP RAS) 46 Ulyanov Street603950 Nizhny NovgorodRussia LULI-CNRS Ecole PolytechniqueCEA:Universite Paris-SaclayUPMC Univ Paris 06:Sorbonne UniversitiesF-91128 Palaiseau CedexFrance Research Center Toptec Institute of Plasma PhysicsSobotecka 166051101 TurnovCzech Republic Joint Institute for High Temperatures Russian Academy of Science(JIHT RAS) Moscow 125412Russia division of Electrical Electronic and Information EngineeringGraduate School of EngineeringOsaka UniversityOsakaJapan Central Laser Facility STFC Rutherford Appleton LaboratoryDidcot OX110QXUnited Kingdom department of Physics SUPA University of StrathclydeGlasgow G40NGUnited Kingdom European XFEL GmbH Holzkoppel 422869 SchenefeldGermany

The design of ellipsoidal plasma mirrors(EPMs)for the PEARL laser facility is *** EPMs achieve a magnification of 0.32 in focal spot size,and the corresponding increase in focused intensity is expected to be about *** and implementing such focusing optics for short-pulse(d to achieve intensities beyond 1023W/cm^(2).A retro-imaging-based target alignment system is also described,which is used to align solid targets at the output of the ellispoidal mirrors(with a numerical aperture of 0.75 in this case).

关键词： beyond mirror extreme

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Nature：研究鉴定出侵袭性胰腺癌细胞及其弱点

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现代生物医学进展 2017年第14期17卷 I0002-I0003页

作者： Genovese, Giannicola Carugo, Alessandro Tepper, James Robinson, Frederick Scott Li, Liren Svelto, Maria Nezi, Luigi Corti, denise Minelli, Rosalba Pettazzoni, Piergiorgio Gutschner, Tony Wu, Chia-Chin Seth, Sahil Akdemir, Kadir Caner Leo, Elisabetta Amin, Samirkumar dal Molin, Marco Ying, Haoqiang Kwong, Lawrence N. Colla, Simona Takahashi, Koichi Ghosh, Papia Giuliani, Virginia Muller, Florian dey, Prasenjit Jiang, Shan Garvey, Jill Liu, Chang-Gong Zhang, Jianhua Heffernan, Timothy P. Toniatti, Carlo Fleming, Jason B. Goggins, michael G. Wood, Laura d. Sgambato, Alessandro Agaimy, Abbas Maitra, Anirban Roberts, Charles W. M. Wang, Huamin Viale, Andrea dePinho, Ronald A. draetta, Giulio F. Chin, Lynda Univ Texas Md Anderson Canc Ctr Dept Genom Med Houston TX 77030 USA Univ Texas Md Anderson Canc Ctr Inst Appl Canc Sci Houston TX 77030 USA European Inst Oncol I-20141 Milan Italy Sun Yat Sen Univ Ctr Canc State Key Lab Oncol South China Guangzhou 510060 Guangdong Peoples R China Univ Cattolica Sacro Cuore Ist Patol Gen I-00168 Rome Italy Baylor Coll Med Grad Program Struct & Computat Biol & Mol Biophys Houston TX 77030 USA Johns Hopkins Univ Sol Goldman Pancreat Canc Res Ctr Dept Pathol Baltimore MD 21287 USA Univ Texas Md Anderson Canc Ctr Dept Mol & Cellular Oncol Houston TX 77030 USA Univ Texas Md Anderson Canc Ctr Dept Translat Mol Pathol Houston TX 77030 USA Univ Texas Md Anderson Canc Ctr Dept Leukemia Houston TX 77030 USA Univ Texas Md Anderson Canc Ctr Off Technol Commercializat Houston TX 77030 USA Univ Texas Md Anderson Canc Ctr Dept Canc Syst Imaging Houston TX 77030 USA Univ Texas Md Anderson Canc Ctr Dept Canc Biol Houston TX 77030 USA Univ Texas Md Anderson Canc Ctr Dept Expt Therapeut Houston TX 77030 USA Univ Texas Md Anderson Canc Ctr ORBIT Platform Houston TX 77030 USA Univ Texas Md Anderson Canc Ctr Dept Surg Oncol Houston TX 77030 USA Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nuremberg Univ Hosp Dept Pathol D-91054 Erlangen Germany Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nuremberg Dept Pathol D-91054 Erlangen Germany Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nuremberg Sheikh Ahmed Bin Zayed Nahyan Ctr Pancreat Canc R D-91054 Erlangen Germany St Jude Childrens Res Hosp Ctr Comprehens Canc Memphis TN 77027 USA St Jude Childrens Res Hosp Dept Oncol Memphis TN 77027 USA C4 Therapeut Cambridge MA 02142 USA Univ Texas Syst Inst Hlth Transformat Austin TX 78701 USA

在一项新的研究中，来自美国德州大学Md安德森癌症中心的研究人员利用患者源性肿瘤异种移植（patient—derived tumorxenograft,Pdx）和模式小鼠开展一系列临床前实验，鉴定出一种门卫蛋白（gatekee Perprotein）阻止胰腺癌细胞转化为... 详细信息

在一项新的研究中，来自美国德州大学Md安德森癌症中心的研究人员利用患者源性肿瘤异种移植（patient—derived tumorxenograft,Pdx）和模式小鼠开展一系列临床前实验，鉴定出一种门卫蛋白（gatekee Perprotein）阻止胰腺癌细胞转化为一种极具侵袭性的细胞类型，并且也发现剔除这种门卫蛋白的疗法能够阻止这些癌细胞。这些发现有助为携带这种进展迅速的治疗抵抗性的胰腺癌细胞亚群的患者开发出潜在的疗法。

关键词：胰腺癌癌细胞侵袭性鉴定异种移植研究人员细胞类型细胞转化

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Challenges in the detection and Attribution of Northern Hemisphere Surface Temperature Trends Since 1850

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2023年第10期23卷 367-386页

作者： Ronan Connolly Willie Soon michael Connolly Sallie Baliunas Johan Berglund C.J.Butler Rodolfo Gustavo Cionco Ana G.Elias Valery M.Fedorov Hermann Harde Gregory W.Henry douglas V.Hoyt Ole Humlum david R.Legates Nicola Scafetta Jan-Erik Solheim LászlóSzarka Víctor M.Velasco Herrera Hong Yan Weijia Zhang Center for Environmental Research and Earth Science(CERES) SalemMA 01970USA Independent scientists DublinIreland Institute of Earth Physics and Space Science(EPSS) SopronHungary Retired formerly Harvard-Smithsonian Center for AstrophysicsCambridgeMA 02138USA Independent researcher MalmöSweden Retired formerly Armagh ObservatoryCollege HillArmagh BT619DGNorthern IrelandUK Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas de la Provincia de Buenos Aires Argentina Grupo de Estudios Ambientales Universidad Tecnológica NacionalColón 332San Nicolás(2900)Buenos AiresArgentina Laboratorio de Ionosfera Atmosfera Neutra y Magnetosfera(LIANM)Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y TecnologíaUniversidad Nacional de TucumánAv.Independencia 18004000 TucumánArgentina Instituto de Física del Noroeste Argentino(Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas—Universidad Nacional de Tucumán) 4000 TucumánArgentina Faculty of Geography Lomonosov Moscow State UniversityLeninskie Gory St.1Moscow 119991Russia Helmut-Schmidt-University HamburgGermany Center of Excellence in Information Systems Tennessee State UniversityNashvilleTN 37209 USA Independent scientist Berkeley SpringsWVUSA Emeritus Professor in Physical Geography Department of GeosciencesUniversity of OsloNorway Professor Emeritus College of EarthOceanand the EnvironmentUniversity of DelawareNewark DE 19716-2541USA department of Earth Sciences Environment and GeoresourcesUniversity of Naples Federico IIComplesso Universitario di Monte S.Angelovia Cinthia21I-80126 NaplesItaly Retired formerly Department of Physics and TechnologyUiT The Arctic University of Norway9037 TromsøNorway Instituto de Geofisica Universidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoCiudad UniversitariaCoyoacán04510México D.F.México State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology Institute of Earth EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXi’an 710061China department of Mathematics and Physics Shaoxing UniversityShaoxing 312000China

Since 2007,the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change(IPCC)has heavily relied on the comparison between global climate model hindcasts and global surface temperature(ST)estimates for concluding that post-1950s global warming is mostly *** Connolly et al.,we cautioned that this approach to the detection and attribution of climate change was highly dependent on the choice of Total Solar Irradiance(TSI)and ST data *** compiled 16 TSI and five ST data sets and found by altering the choice of TSI or ST,one could(prematurely)conclude anything from the warming being“mostly human-caused”to“mostly natural.”Richardson and Benestad suggested our analysis was“erroneous”and“flawed”because we did not use a multilinear *** argued that applying a multilinear regression to one of the five ST series re-affirmed the IPCC's attribution *** also objected that many of the published TSI data sets were ***,here we show that when applying multilinear regression analysis to an expanded and updated data set of 27 TSI series,the original conclusions of Connolly et *** confirmed for all five ST data ***,it is still unclear whether the observed warming is mostly human-caused,mostly natural or some combination of both.

关键词： Sun:activity (Sun:)solar-terrestrial relations Earth

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手术产与产后抑郁症关系的队列研究

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（妇产科学分册） 2005年第9期1卷 1-2页

作者： Patel R.R. Murphy d.J. Peters T.J. 王佳楣 division of Obstetrics University of Bristol St. Michael's Hospital Bristol BS2 8EG United Kingdom

Objectives: To assess the association between elective caesarean section and p ostnatal depression compared with planned vaginal delivery and whether emergency caesarean section or assisted vaginal delivery is associated with postnatal dep ression compared with spontaneous vaginal delivery. design: Prospective populati on based cohort study. Setting: ALSPAC (the Avon longitudinal study of parents a nd children). Participants: 14 663 women recruited antenatally with a due date b etween 1 April 1991 and 31 december 1992. Main outcome measure: Edinburgh postna tal depression scale score ≥13 at eight weeks postnatal on self completed quest ionnaire. Results: Albeit with wide confidence intervals, there was no evidence that elective caesarean section altered the odds of postnatal depression compared with plann ed vaginal delivery (adjusted odds ratio 1.06, 95%confidence interval 0.66 to 1 .70, P = 0.80). Among planned vaginal deliveries there was similarly little evid ence of a difference between women who have emergency caesarean section or assis ted vaginal delivery and those who have spontaneous vaginal delivery (1.17, 0.77 to 1.79, P = 0.46, and 0.89, 0.68 to 1.18, P = 0.42, respectively). Conclusions : There is no reason for women at risk of postnatal depression to be managed dif ferently with regard to mode of delivery. Elective caesarean section does not pr otect against postnatal depression. Women who plan vaginal delivery and require emergency caesarean section or assisted vaginal delivery can be reassured that t here is no reason to believe that they are at increased risk of postnatal depression.

关键词：产后抑郁症队列研究选择性剖宫产阴道分娩急诊剖宫产问卷评分测量表纵向研究可信区间日至

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