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Particuology 2015年第6期13卷 25-30页

作者： Jiecheng Yang Chuan-Yu Wu michael adams School of Chemical Engineering University of Birmingham Birmingham BI5 2Tr UK Department of Chemical and Process Engineering University ofSu-rrey Guildford GU2 ZXH UK

Particle interactions play a significant role in controlling the performance of dry powder inhalers （DPIs）, which mainly arise through van der Waals potentials, electrostatic interactions, and capillary forces. Our aim is to investigate the influence of electrostatic charge on the performance of DPIs as a basis for improv- ing the formulation of the particle ingredients. The mixing process of carrier and active pharmaceutical ingredient （API） particles in a vibrating container is investigated using a discrete element method （DEM）. The number of APl particles attaching to the carrier particle （i.e., contact number） increases with increas- ing charge and decreases with increasing container size. The contact number decreases with increasing vibrational velocity amplitude and frequency. Moreover, a mechanism governed by the electrostatic force is proposed for the mixing process. This mechanism is different from that previously proposed for the mixing process governed by van der Waals forces, indicating that long-range and short-range adhesive forces can result in different mixing behaviours.

关键词： Electrostatic Particle mixing Dry powder inhaler Discrete element method

Responses of Some American, European and Japanese Wheat Cultivars to Soil-Borne Wheat Viruses in China

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Agricultural Sciences in China 2002年第10期1卷 1141-1150页

作者： michael J adams Plant Pathology Department IACR-Rothamsted Harpenden Herts AL5 2JQ UK

Wheat seeds of 109 cultivars from USA, Europe and Japan were sown in experiments at seven sites in different provinces of China for one or two seasons. Five of the sites were infested with the bymovirus wheat yellow mosaic virus (WYMV) and two jointly with WYMV and the furovirus Chinese wheat mosaic virus (CWMV). Disease symptoms were assessed visually and leaf samples were tested for virus (es) by ELISA. At least 29 cultivars were resistant to WYMV at the sites where only this virus was present but all the cultivars were severely infected at Rongcheng (Shandong Province) where CWMV was mixed with WYMV. There was evidence that the presence of CWMV assisted infection by WYMV and also resulted in more severe symptoms. At the mixed site in Yantai, Shandong Province, symptoms were mild and many cultivars had symptomless infection . Of the two strains of WYMV identified in Japan, the Chinese sites seem to be most similar to the type isolated, WYMV-T. Eleven cultivars seemed to be susceptible to WYMV only at Loutian (Hubei Province),suggesting that the virus at this site would be worth studying further.

关键词： Wheat yellow mosaic virus Chinese wheat mosaic virus Cultivar response Resistance

Three-dimensional DEM-CFD analysis of air-flow-induced detachment of API particles from carrier particles in dry powder inhalers

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2014年第1期4卷 52-59页

作者： Jiecheng Yang Chuan-Yu Wu michael adams School of Chemical Engineering University of BirminghamBirmingham B152TTUK Department of Chemical and Process Engineering University of SurreyGuildford GU27XHUK

Air flow and particle-particle/wall impacts are considered as two primary dispersion mechanisms for dry powder inhalers(DPIs).Hence,an understanding of these mechanisms is critical for the development of *** this study,a coupled DEM-CFD(discrete element method-computational fluid dynamics)is employed to investigate the influence of air flow on the dispersion performance of the carrier-based DPI formulations.A carrier-based agglomerate is initially formed and then dispersed in a uniformed air *** is found that air flow can drag API particles away from the carrier and those in the downstream air flow regions are prone to be ***,the influence of the air velocity and work of adhesion are also *** is shown that the dispersion number(i.e.,the number of API particles detached from the carrier)increases with increasing air velocity,and decreases with increasing the work of adhesion,indicating that the DPI performance is controlled by the balance of the removal and adhesive *** is also shown that the cumulative Weibull distribution function can be used to describe the DPI performance,which is governed by the ratio of the fluid drag force to the pull-off force.

关键词： Dry powder inhaler Dispersion Detachment Air flow DEM-CFD

UNDERSTANDING THE MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF SINGLE MICRO-PARTICLES AND THEIR COMPACTION BEHAVIOUR

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China Particuology 2006年第1期4卷 35-40页

作者： Siaw Fung Yap michael adams Jonathan Seville Zhibing Zhang Centre of Formulation Engineering Chemical Engineering School of Engineering University of Birmingham Edgbaston Birmingham B15 2TT UK

The compaction of particulate materials to form tablets is increasingly employed as a final dosage form for functional products due to its simplicity and low cost. However, the functionality of some products may be impaired due to the high compression pressures required. The general aim of the current study is to understand the relationship between the mechanical properties of single feed particles （〈 100μm） and their compaction behaviour in order to produce tablets at low compression pressure with acceptable strength. The materials studied were pharmaceutical excipients, comprising three enteric polymer particles and three different powders in the form of agglomerates. The mechanical properties of the individual particles or agglomerates were determined by a micromanipulation technique. The samples were also compacted in cylindrical tableting dies. It was observed that there was a strong correlation between the forces required to cause the fracture of the single particles and those derived from the compaction measurements as determined using an existing analysis.

关键词： compaction mechanical strength Eudragit rupture stress micromanipulation particles

Detection,Occurrence,and Survey of Rice Stripe and BlackStreaked Dwarf Diseases in Zhejiang Province,China

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Rice science 2013年第6期20卷 383-390页

作者： ZHANG Heng-mu WANG Hua-di YANG Jian michael J adams CHEN Jian-ping State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable Pest and Disease Control Key Laboratory of Plant Protection and Biotechnology Ministry of AgricultureChina Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Virology Institute of Virology and BiotechnologyZhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences Zhejiang Provincial Station of Plant Protection and Quarantine Rothamsted Research HarpendenHerts AL5 2JQUK

The major viral diseases that occur on rice plants in Zhejiang Province, eastern China, are stripe and rice black-streaked dwarf diseases. Rice stripe disease is only caused by rice stripe tenuivirus （RSV）, while rice black-streaked dwarf disease can be caused by rice black-streaked dwarf fijivirus （RBSDV） and/or southem rice black-streaked dwarf fijivirus （SRBSDV）. Here we review the characterization of these viruses, methods for their detection, and extensive surveys showing their occurrence and spread in the province.

关键词： viral diseases rice stripe tenuivirus rice black-streaked dwarf fijivirus southern rice black-streaked dwarf ftjivirus surveys

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腰椎终板骨折特点及相关因素的实验研究

中华外科杂志 2006年第16期44卷 1132-1135页

作者：赵凤东范顺武 Patricia Dolan michael adams 浙江大学医学院附属邵逸夫医院骨科浙江大学骨科研究所杭州310016 Department of Comparative Orthopedics Department of AnatomyUniversity of BristolUK

目的探讨腰椎椎体终板压迫骨折的特点及其影响因素。方法19个尸体标本的腰椎运动节段(FSU),根据X线检查来确定椎间盘的退变分级,在双能X线吸收仪器(DEXA)上测量椎体和椎体终板的骨密度(BMD)和骨矿含量(BMC),然后分别承受过度负荷导致终... 详细信息

目的探讨腰椎椎体终板压迫骨折的特点及其影响因素。方法19个尸体标本的腰椎运动节段(FSU),根据X线检查来确定椎间盘的退变分级,在双能X线吸收仪器(DEXA)上测量椎体和椎体终板的骨密度(BMD)和骨矿含量(BMC),然后分别承受过度负荷导致终板骨折,根据力-位移曲线来确定终板骨折和终板的极限负荷(FL)。终板骨折后,运动节段解剖为单独的椎体,观察终板骨折情况。结果19个FSU标本中,16个发生肉眼可见的终板骨折,骨折仅仅发生在下位椎体的上终板,比率为84．2％,骨折均位于终板的中央部分或前部,表现为星形放射状、阶梯状、局部突入型等;终板的FL与椎体及终板的BMD、BMC呈正相关。同一个椎体内,上终板的BMD、BMC显著低于下终板,而同一个椎间盘周围,上终板的BMD高于下终板者,BMC却无差异。结论终板压迫骨折易发生于椎体的上终板;不同退变程度椎间盘邻近终板骨折的特点不同,但这种骨折在X线片上很难显现,终板的极限负荷与椎体终板的BMD、BMC呈正相关。

关键词：脊柱骨折骨密度椎间盘退变

Relationship of Dietary Soy Protein to Daidzein Metabolism by Cultures of Intestinal Microfloras from Monkeys

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2012年第2期3卷 267-273页

作者： Fatemeh Rafii John B. Sutherland Brad M. Bridges Miseon Park michael R. adams Division of Microbiology National Center for Toxicological Research US FDA Jefferson USA Wake Forest University School of Medicine Medical Center Blvd. Winston-Salem USA.

Soybeans have been shown to contain larger concentrations of isoflavones than other plant foods. The colonic micro-floras of some individuals metabolize isoflavones, including the soy phytoestrogen daidzein, to compounds with altered estrogenic activity that may affect health. Monkeys have been used as models to predict the effect of colonic microorganisms on the metabolism of phytoestrogens. We studied the effect of consumption of a diet rich in soy protein on the metabolism of added daidzein by the intestinal microfloras of monkeys. The metabolism of daidzein by cultures of the colonic microfloras from eight males and eight females of Macaca fascicularis, 6 - 12 years old, consuming diets containing either soy or casein, and two males and three females of Macaca nemestrina, 3 - 5 months old, consuming infant formula, was investigated using high-performance liquid chromatographic analyses. Cultures from ten of the 16 adult monkeys and all five infant monkeys metabolized the added daidzein within 24 h. Daidzein was metabolized within 48 h by cultures from five other monkeys, but it remained even after 72 h in a culture from one female monkey on a casein diet. Equol and dihydrodaidzein were the only metabolites found. Individual variation among monkeys in the efficiency of daidzein metabolism was observed, but there appeared to be no correlation between diet and daidzein metabolism by the intestinal microflora. The intestinal microfloras of most monkeys tested were efficient in the biotransformation of daidzein to equol, regardless of the animals’ consumption of soy protein. Differences in the metabolism of isoflavones by the colonic microfloras of humans and experimental animals should be considered when extrapolating results from animals to humans.

关键词： Colonic Microflora Dihydrodaidzein Equol Isoflavones Phytoestrogens Soybeans

Low bend loss,high index,composite morphology ultra-fast laser written waveguides for photonic integrated circuits

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Light(Advanced Manufacturing) 2024年第1期5卷 50-59页

作者： Andrew Ross-adams Toney Teddy Fernandez michael Withford Simon Gross MQ Photonics School of Mathematics and Physical SciencesMacquarie University2109Australia School of Engineering Macquarie University2109Australia

We demonstrate a novel,composite laser written 3D waveguide,fabricated in boro-aluminosilicate glass,with a refractive index contrast of 1.12×10^(−2).The waveguide is fabricated using a multi-pass approach which leverages the respective refractive index modification mechanisms of both the thermal and athermal inscription *** present the study and optimisation of inscription parameters for maximising positive refractive index change and ultimately demonstrate a dramatic advancement on the state of the art of bend losses in laser-written *** 1.0 dB cm−1 bend loss cut-off radius is reduced from 10 mm to 4 mm,at a propagation wavelength of 1550 nm.

关键词： Ultrafast laser inscription Thermal inscription Cumulative heating Athermal inscription Multi-scan Multi-pass Half-scan Bend loss High index contrast Photonic integrated circuit

A High-Speed DLL-Based Hybrid Phase Conjugator for 5G Beamforming

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Circuits and Systems 2020年第3期11卷 27-38页

作者： michael Bolt Mark adams Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Auburn University Auburn AL USA

A delay-locked loop based hybrid phase conjugator (DLL-HPC) is presented as a possible solution for 5G beamforming. Theoretical background, unique capabilities, and experimental verification are presented. The proposed DLL-HPC provides backwards compatibility with existing beamforming protocols as well as sub-millisecond beamsteering and automatic mobile target tracking with zero communication overhead. A proof-of-concept DLL-HPC prototype has been constructed from commercially available components to operate in the 5G NR-FR1 band, indicating that the technique can be readily adopted with available technology.

关键词： Network Architectures and Protocols Radio Frequency Subsystems Transceiver Design Experimental and Prototype Results

Antenna design for a massive multiple input environmental sensor network

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Digital Communications and Networks 2016年第4期2卷 256-259页

作者： J. Craig Prather michael Bolt Haley Harrell John Manobianco Mark L. adams Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering 200 Broun Hall Auburn University AL 36849 United States

This article describes the design and simulation of a pair of antennas on a small PCB with minimal coupling for a massive multiple input sensor network. The two antennas are planar inverted-F antennas （PIFA） that are fed with microstrip feed lines. The critical design factors are minimizing mass while creating ISM band and GPS L1 band antennas and developing data transmission schemes for maximum usage of all communication channels. The designed board is a 60 mm diameter, 0.6 mm thick circular FR4 board that weighs approximately 5 g.

关键词： Antenna Environmental sensing Remote sensing Massive multiple input network