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Update on the research and development of magnesium-based biodegradable implants and their clinical translation in orthopaedics

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Biomaterials Translational 2021年第3期2卷 188-196页

作者： Ying Luo Jue Wang michael tim yun ong Patrick Shu-hang yung Jiali Wang Ling Qin School of Biomedical Engineering Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina Hanglok-Tech Co. Ltd.ZhuhaiGuangdong ProvinceChina Musculoskeletal Research Laboratory of Department of Orthopaedics&Traumatology and The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shenzhen-Hong Kong Innovation and Technology Institute(Futian) The Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina

Biodegradable magnesium(Mg)or its alloys are desirable materials for development into new-generation internal fixation devices or implants with high biocompatibility,adequate mechanical modulus,and osteopromotive properties,which may overcome some of the drawbacks of the existing permanent orthopaedic implants with regard to stress-shielding of bone and beam-hardening effects on radiographic *** review summarises the current research status of Mg-based orthopaedic implants in animals and clinical ***,detailed information of animal studies including bone fracture repair and anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with the use of Mg-based orthopaedic devices is ***,the repair mechanisms of the Mg-based orthopaedic implants are also ***,reports of recent clinical cases treated using Mg-based implants in orthopaedics are ***,the challenges and the strategies of the use of Mg-based orthopaedic implants are *** together,the collected efforts in basic research,translational work,and clinical applications of Mg-based orthopaedic implants over the last decades greatly contribute to the development of a new generation of biodegradable metals used for the design of innovative implants for better treatment of orthopaedic conditions in patients with challenging skeletal disorders or injuries.

关键词： ACL reconstruction clinical translation fracture model magnesium orthopaedic implants

Biodegradable magnesium pins enhanced the healing of transverse patellar fracture in rabbits

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Bioactive Materials 2021年第11期6卷 4176-4185页

作者： Dick Ho Kiu Chow Jiali Wang Peng Wan Lizhen Zheng michael tim yun ong Le Huang Wenxue Tong Lili Tan Ke Yang Ling Qin Musculoskeletal Research Laboratory Department of Orthopaedics&TraumatologyThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina Innovative Orthopaedic Biomaterial and Drug Translational Research Laboratory Li Ka Shing Institute of Health SciencesThe Chinese University of Hong KongShatinHong Kong SARChina Institute of Metal Research Chinese Academy of SciencesShenyangChina School of Materials Science and Engineering Dongguan University of TechnologyDongguanChina

Displaced fractures of patella often require open reduction surgery and internal fixation to restore the extensor continuity and articular *** fixation with biodegradable magnesium(Mg)pins enhanced fracture *** hypothesized that fixation with Mg pins and their degradation over time would enhance healing of patellar fracture radiologically,mechanically,and *** patellar fracture surgery was performed on thirty-two 18-weeks old female New Zealand White *** fracture was fixed with a pin made of stainless steel or pure Mg,and a figure-of-eight stainless steel band *** were harvested at week 8 or 12,and assessed with microCT,tensile testing,microindentation,and *** analysis showed that Mg group showed 12%higher in the ratio of bone volume to tissue volume at week 8,and 38.4%higher of bone volume at week *** testing showed that the failure load and stiffness of Mg group were 66.9%and 104%higher than the control group at week 8,*** week 12,Mg group was 60.8%higher in ultimate strength than the control *** showed that,compared to the Control group,Mg group showed 49.9%higher Vickers hardness and 31%higher elastic modulus at week 8 and 12,*** week 12,the new bone of Mg group remodelled to laminar bone,but those of the control group remained woven *** of transverse patellar fracture with Mg pins and its degradation enhanced new bone formation and mechanical properties of the repaired patella compared to the Control group.

关键词： Patellar fracture Tension band wire Biodegradable implant Osteogenesis Microindentation

High formability Mg-Zn-Gd wire facilitates ACL reconstruction via its swift degradation to accelerate intra-tunnel endochondral ossification

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第1期12卷 295-315页

作者： Xuan He Ye Li Hongwei Miao Jiankun Xu michael tim-yun ong Chenmin Wang Lizhen Zheng Jiali Wang Le Huang Haiyue Zu Zhi Yao Jie Mi Bingyang Dai Xu Li Patrick Shu-hang yung Guangyin Yuan Ling Qin Musculoskeletal Research Laboratory of Department of Orthopaedics&Traumatology and Innovative Orthopaedic Biomaterial and Drug Translational Research Laboratory of Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina National Engineering Research Center of Light Alloy Net Forming School of Materials Science&EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology Li Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong KongChina Orthopaedic Department Peking University Third HospitalBeijingChina Department of Rehabilitation Sciences The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong KongChina

After reconstructing the anterior cruciate ligament(ACL),unsatisfactory bone tendon interface healing may often induce tunnel enlargement at the early healing *** good biological features and high formability,Magnesium-Zinc-Gadolinium(ZG21)wires are developed to bunch the tendon graft for matching the bone tunnel during ***,tensile strength,degradation,and cytotoxicity of ZG21 wire are *** rabbit model is used for assessing the biological effects of ZG21 wire by Micro-CT,histology,and mechanical *** SEM/EDS,immunochemistry,and in vitro assessments are performed to investigate the underlying *** tests demonstrate the high formability of ZG21 wire as surgical ***-CT shows ZG21 wire degradation accelerates tunnel bone formation,and histologically with earlier and more fibrocartilage regeneration at the healing *** mechanical test shows higher ultimate load in the ZG21 *** SEM/EDS presents ZG21 wire degradation triggered calcium phosphate(Ca-P)*** results demonstrate upregulation of Wnt3a,BMP2,and VEGF at the early phase and TGFβ3 and Type II collagen at the late phase of *** vitro tests also confirmed the Ca-P in the metal extract could elevate the expression of Wnt3a,βcatenin,ocn and opn to stimulate *** vivo tests of clinical samples indicated suturing with ZG21 wire did not weaken the ultimate loading of human tendon *** conclusion,the ZG21 wire is feasible for tendon graft *** degradation products accelerated intra-tunnel endochondral ossification at the early healing stage and therefore enhanced bone-tendon interface healing in ACL reconstruction.

关键词： Magnesium wire ACL reconstruction Magnesium alloy Biomaterials Endochondral ossification

Intra-articular sustained-release of pirfenidone as a disease-modifying treatment for early osteoarthritis

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Bioactive Materials 2024年第9期39卷 255-272页

作者： Xiaobo Zhu Mingde Cao Kejia Li Yau-Tsz Chan Hon-Fai Chan Yi-Wah Mak Hao Yao Jing Sun michael tim-yun ong Kevin Ki-Wai Ho Chien-Wei Lee Oscar Kuang-Sheng Lee Patrick Shu-Hang yung Yangzi Jiang Institute for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine School of Biomedical SciencesFaculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongShatinHong Kong Special Administrative Region of ChinaChina School of Biomedical Sciences Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongShatinHong Kong Special Administrative Region of Chin1China Department of Orthopaedics&Traumatology Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongPrince of Wales HospitalShatinHong Kong Special Administrative Region of Chin1China Center for Neuromusculoskeletal Restorative Medicine Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of Chin1China Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine Ministry of EducationSchool of Biomedical SciencesFaculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong Special Administrative Region of Chin1China Department of Orthopaedic Surgery The First Affiliated HospitalSchool of MedicineZhejiang UniversityChina

Osteoarthritis(OA)is a major clinical challenge,and effective disease-modifying drugs for OA are still lacking due to the complicated pathology and scattered treatment *** early treatments are urgently needed to prevent OA *** excessive amount of transforming growth factorβ(TGFβ)is one of the major causes of synovial fibrosis and subchondral bone sclerosis,and such pathogenic changes in early OA precede cartilage *** we report a novel strategy of intra-articular sustained-release of pirfenidone(PFD),a clinically-approved TGFβinhibitor,to achieve disease-modifying effects on early OA *** found that PFD effectively restored the mineralization in the presence of excessive amount of TGFβ1(as those levels found in patients’synovial fluid).A monthly injection strategy was then designed of using poly lactic-co-glycolic acid(PLGA)microparticles and hyaluronic acid(HA)solution to enable a sustained release of PFD(the“PLGA-PFD+HA”strategy).This strategy effectively regulated OA progression in destabilization of the medial meniscus(DMM)-induced OA mice model,including preventing subchondral bone loss in early OA and subchondral bone sclerosis in late OA,and reduced synovitis and pain with cartilage preservation *** finding suggests the promising clinical application of PFD as a novel disease-modifying OA drug.

关键词： TGFβ1 signaling Osteoarthritis Subchondral bone Pirfenidone DMOAD

The role of soluble sugars during drought in tropical tree seedlings with contrasting tolerances

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2020年第4期13卷 389-397页

作者： michael J.O’Brien Annabelle Valtat Samuel Abiven Mirjam S.Studer Robert ong Bernhard Schmid Área de Biodiversidad y Conservación Universidad Rey Juan Carlosc/Tulipán s/n.E-28933 MóstolesMadridSpain Southeast Asia Rainforest Research Partnership The Peak VistaLorang Punjak 1Tanjung LipatKota KinabaluSabah 88400Malaysia Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies University of ZurichWinterthurerstrasse 1908057 ZurichSwitzerland Department of Geography University of ZurichWinterthurerstrasse 1908057 ZurichSwitzerland Laboratoire de Géologie UMR 8538Ecole Normale SupérieurePSL Research UniversityCNRSParisFrance Centre de recherche enécologie expérimentale et prédictive(CEREEP-Ecotron IleDeFrance) Département de biologieEcole normale supérieureCNRSPSL University77140St-Pierre-les-NemoursFrance Forest Research Centre Sepilok90715 SandakanSabahMalaysia

Aims Non-structural carbohydrates(NSCs)are plant storage compounds used for metabolism,transport,osmoregulation and regrowth following the loss of plant *** in conditions suitable for optimal growth,plants continue to store *** storage may be due to passive accumulation from sink-inhibited growth or active reserves that come at the expense of *** former pathway implies that NSCs may be a by-product of sink limitation,while the latter suggests a functional role of NSCs for use during poor *** Using 13C pulse labelling,we traced the source of soluble sugars in stem and root organs during drought and everwet conditions for seedlings of two tropical tree species that differ in drought tolerance to estimate the relative allocation of NSCs stored prior to drought versus NSCs assimilated during *** monitored growth,stomatal conductance,stem water potential and NSC storage to assess a broad carbon response to *** Findings We found that the drought-sensitive species had reduced growth,conserved NSC concentrations in leaf,stem and root organs and had a larger proportion of soluble sugars in stem and root organs that originated from pre-drought storage relative to seedlings in control *** contrast,the drought-tolerant species maintained growth and stem and root NSC concentrations but had reduced leaf NSCs concentrations with a larger proportion of stem and root soluble sugars originated from freshly assimilated photosynthates relative to control *** results suggest the drought-sensitive species passively accumulated NSCs during water deficit due to growth inhibition,while the drought-tolerant species actively responded to water deficit by allocating NSCs to stem and root *** strategies seem correlated with baseline maximum growth rates,which supports previous research suggesting a trade-off between growth and drought tolerance while providing new evidence for the importance of plasticity in

关键词： ^(13)C labelling carbohydrate storage drought tolerance hydraulic function Shorea parvifolia Shorea beccariana source–sink allocation

Non-English speaking background patients in a predominantly English-speaking region may be more likely to present with a dementia other than Alzheimer’s disease

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Advances in Aging Research 2013年第3期2卷 94-99页

作者： Kevin ong michael Woodward Aged and Residential Care Services Austin Health Heidelberg West Victoria Australia Department of Nuclear Medicine and Centre for PET Austin Health Heidelberg Australia

Information on 54 patients was retrospectively collected to compare the presentation trends of cognitive disorders in those of non-English speaking background (NESB)to English speaking background(ESB)attending an Australian memory clinic that extensively uses fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography(FDG PET) in the diagnosis of cognitive concerns. NESB patients were less likely to be diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease(AD)as the sole neurodegenerative diagnosis (Fisher exact test, p = 0.08), and NESB patients with dementia were more likely to have non-AD dementia (Fisher exact test, p = 0.06). They experienced symptoms 18 months longer before receiving a formal diagnosis (t(46) = 2.2, p = 0.03). Older elderly NESB females were under represented in those presenting to the clinic (Fisher exact test, p = 0.04). The clinical work-up of NESB patients as opposed to those of ESB relied more heavily on FDG PET (Fisher exact test, p = 0.04). ESB and NESB patients may have different attitudes towards dementia, affecting how they present, and biomarkers may be more heavily relied on when language affects history taking and neuropsychological testing.

关键词： Dementia Memory Clinic Non-English Speaking Background Positron Emission Tomography

融资渠道的稳定性——基于菲律宾体系环境下企业级实证研究

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融资渠道的稳定性——基于菲律宾体系环境下企业级实证研究

作者： michael Victor G. ong 厦门大学

学位级别：硕士

根据由世界银行企业分析单元(EAU)2009年对来自菲律宾的1326家企业进行调查的微观数据·使用回归分析方法解释了体系影响下的商业因素之间的关系对菲律宾企业的影响。根据数据我们得到了作为因变量的企业绩效的度量指标(年实际销售额增... 详细信息

根据由世界银行企业分析单元(EAU)2009年对来自菲律宾的1326家企业进行调查的微观数据·使用回归分析方法解释了体系影响下的商业因素之间的关系对菲律宾企业的影响。根据数据我们得到了作为因变量的企业绩效的度量指标(年实际销售额增长——ASG·年雇佣增长——AEG·年劳动生产率一—ALPG和生产效率——CAPUTIUTY)·并与作为自变量的15个形式上的商业屏障指标进行回归。根据道格拉斯·诺斯的制度理论框架·这些指标被认为是影响企业绩效的体系因素。由最小二乘法得到的回归结果,我们看到这些作为解释变量的体系因素中有几个因素显著地与企业绩效指标相关。结果表明·融资渠道是一个稳健的影响企业绩效的体系因素。这与相关文献的综述及其结论相对应。在融资渠道作为因变量的回归分析中.使用企业级金融特征探究了决定融资渠道的显著决定因素。这个实证研究的结果表明,融资渠道是对菲律宾企业·特别是中小型企业在经营中长期且最严重的体系约束。实证研究的结果验证了企业的体系因素和企业绩效在理论推断上的关系。

关键词：体系企业绩效融资渠道中小型企业菲律宾

Performance in the Fundamentals of Laparoscopic Surgery: Does it reflect global rating scales in the Objective Structured Assessment of Technical Skills in porcine laparoscopic surgery?

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Asian Journal of Urology 2024年第3期11卷 443-449页

作者： Ho Yee Tiong Wei Zheng So Jeremy Yuen-Chun Teoh Shuji Isotani Gang Zhu Teng Aik ong Eddie Shu-Yin Chan Peggy Sau-Kwan Chu Kittinut Kijvikai Ming Liu Bannakji Lojanapiwat michael Wong Anthony Chi-Fai Ng Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine Department of SurgeryNational University of SingaporeSingapore S.H.Ho Urology Centre Department of SurgeryThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Department of Urology Juntendo University Graduate School of MedicineTokyoJapan Department of Urology National University HospitalSingapore Department of Urology Beijing United Family HospitalBeijingChina Department of Surgery University of Malaya Specialist CentreKuala LumpurMalaysia Division of Urology Department of SurgeryTuen Mun HospitalHong Kong Department of Urology Ramathibodi HospitalMahidol UniversitySalayaThailand Department of Urology Beijing HospitalBeijingChina Department of Urology Chiangmai Ram HospitalChiang MaiThailand International Urology Fertility&Gynaecology CentreSingapore

Objective:To correlate the utility of the Fundamentals of Laparoscopic Surgery(FLS)manual skills program with the Objective Structured Assessment of Technical Skills(OSATS)global rating scale in evaluating operative ***:The Asian Urological Surgery Training and Educational Group(AUSTEG)Laparoscopic Upper Tract Surgery Course implemented and validated the FLS program for its usage in laparoscopic surgical ***’basic laparoscopic skills were assessed using three different training models(peg transfer,precision cutting,and intra-corporeal suturing).They also performed live porcine laparoscopic surgery at the same *** surgery skills were assessed by blinded faculty using the OSATS rating ***:From March 2016 to March 2019,a total of 81 certified urologists participated in the course,with a median of 5 years of post-residency *** differences in task time did not reach statistical significance,those with more surgical experience were visibly faster at completing the peg transfer and intra-corporeal suturing FLS ***,they took longer to complete the precision cutting task than participants with less *** OSATS scores correlated weakly with all three FLS tasks(peg transfer time:r=0.331,r^(2)=0.110;precision cutting time:r=0.240,r^(2)=0.058;suturing with intracorporeal knot time:r=0.451,r^(2)=0.203).Conclusion:FLS task parameters did not correlate strongly with OSATS globing rating scale *** FLS task models demonstrated strong validity,it is important to assimilate the inconsistencies when benchmarking technical proficiency against real-life operative competence,as evaluated by FLS and OSATS,respectively.

关键词： The Fundamentals of Laparoscopic Surgery Assessment of Technical Skills Laparoscopic training Surgical education Surgical training Urological laparoscopic surgery

Capecitabine with radiation is an effective adjuvant therapy in gastric cancers

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第29期16卷 3709-3715页

作者： Chee Kian Tham Su Pin Choo Donald Yew Hee Poon Han Chong Toh Simon Yew Kuang ong Sze Huey Tan michael Lian Chek Wang Kian Fong Foo Department of Medical Oncology National Cancer Centre Singapore Department of Clinical Trials and Epidemiological Sciences National Cancer Centre Singapore Department of Radiation Oncology National Cancer Centre Singapore

AIM:To analyze the outcome of patients who received concurrent capecitabine(Xeloda) and radiation(XRT) compared to the established concurrent 5-fluorouracil(5-FU) with radiation(5FU-RT) and fluoropyrimidine-based chemotherapy alone as adjuvant treatment in gastric ***:All patients with gastric cancers who received adjuvant treatment at the National Cancer Centre Singapore between 1996 and 2006 were *** outcomes of patients who received XRT were compared with those who had 5FU-RT or chemotherapy alone as adjuvant therapy for gastric ***:A total of 108 patients were *** age at diagnosis was *** majority of the patients(64.8%) had advanced stage Ⅲ and Ⅳ disease(with no distant metastasis).All except 4 patients had D2 *** one patients(19.4%) had positive surgical resection *** three patients received XRT compared with 52 who had 5FU-RT and 23 who received chemotherapy *** the patients in the chemotherapy-only group,all had fluoropyrimidine-based therapy,with added cisplatin in 7 patients and epirubicin in 2 *** recurrence-free survival was longer for the XRT group(52 mo) compared to the 5FU-RT(35 mo) and chemotherapy-only groups(25 mo)(P=0.48).The patients in the XRT group achieved similar median overall survival(53 mo) as the 5FU-RT(54 mo) and the chemotherapy-only groups(44 mo)(P=0.5).CONCLUSION:Capecitabine with concurrent radiation was as effective as concurrent 5FU with radiation or fluoropyrimidine-based chemotherapy alone when used as adjuvant treatment in patients with gastric cancers.

关键词： Capecitabine Radiation Gastric cancer Adjuvant chemotherapy